1BIND 9
2
3 BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the
4 underlying BIND architecture. Some of the important features of
5 BIND 9 are:
6
7 - DNS Security
8 DNSSEC (signed zones)
9 TSIG (signed DNS requests)
10
11 - IP version 6
12 Answers DNS queries on IPv6 sockets
13 IPv6 resource records (AAAA)
14 Experimental IPv6 Resolver Library
15
16 - DNS Protocol Enhancements
17 IXFR, DDNS, Notify, EDNS0
18 Improved standards conformance
19
20 - Views
21 One server process can provide multiple "views" of
22 the DNS namespace, e.g. an "inside" view to certain
23 clients, and an "outside" view to others.
24
25 - Multiprocessor Support
26
27 - Improved Portability Architecture
28
29
30 BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following
31 organizations:
32
33 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
34 Hewlett Packard
35 Compaq Computer Corporation
36 IBM
37 Process Software Corporation
38 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
39 Network Associates, Inc.
40 U.S. Defense Information Systems Agency
41 USENIX Association
42 Stichting NLnet - NLnet Foundation
43 Nominum, Inc.
44
45 For a summary of functional enhancements in previous
46 releases, see the HISTORY file.
47
48 For a detailed list of user-visible changes from
49 previous releases, see the CHANGES file.
50
51 For up-to-date release notes and errata, see
52 http://www.isc.org/software/bind9/releasenotes
53
54BIND 9.8.3
55
56 BIND 9.8.3 is a maintenance release.
57
58BIND 9.8.2
59
60 BIND 9.8.2 includes a number of bug fixes and prevents a security
61 problem described in CVE-2011-4313
62
63BIND 9.8.1
64
65 BIND 9.8.1 includes a number of bug fixes and enhancements from
66 BIND 9.8 and earlier releases. New features include:
67
68 - The DLZ "dlopen" driver is now built by default.
69 - Added a new include file with function typedefs
70 for the DLZ "dlopen" driver.
71 - Made "--with-gssapi" default.
72 - More verbose error reporting from DLZ LDAP.
73
74BIND 9.8.0
75
76 BIND 9.8.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.7 and earlier
77 releases. New features include:
78
79 - Built-in trust anchor for the root zone, which can be
80 switched on via "dnssec-validation auto;"
81 - Support for DNS64.
82 - Support for response policy zones (RPZ).
83 - Support for writable DLZ zones.
84 - Improved ease of configuration of GSS/TSIG for
85 interoperability with Active Directory
86 - Support for GOST signing algorithm for DNSSEC.
87 - Removed RTT Banding from server selection algorithm.
88 - New "static-stub" zone type.
89 - Allow configuration of resolver timeouts via
90 "resolver-query-timeout" option.
91
92BIND 9.7.0
93
94 BIND 9.7.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.6 and earlier
95 releases. Most are intended to simplify DNSSEC configuration.
96
97 New features include:
98
99 - Fully automatic signing of zones by "named".
100 - Simplified configuration of DNSSEC Lookaside Validation (DLV).
101 - Simplified configuration of Dynamic DNS, using the "ddns-confgen"
102 command line tool or the "local" update-policy option. (As a side
103 effect, this also makes it easier to configure automatic zone
104 re-signing.)
105 - New named option "attach-cache" that allows multiple views to
106 share a single cache.
107 - DNS rebinding attack prevention.
108 - New default values for dnssec-keygen parameters.
109 - Support for RFC 5011 automated trust anchor maintenance
110 - Smart signing: simplified tools for zone signing and key
111 maintenance.
112 - The "statistics-channels" option is now available on Windows.
113 - A new DNSSEC-aware libdns API for use by non-BIND9 applications
114 - On some platforms, named and other binaries can now print out
115 a stack backtrace on assertion failure, to aid in debugging.
116 - A "tools only" installation mode on Windows, which only installs
117 dig, host, nslookup and nsupdate.
118 - Improved PKCS#11 support, including Keyper support and explicit
119 OpenSSL engine selection.
120
121 Known issues in this release:
122
123 - In rare cases, DNSSEC validation can leak memory. When this
124 happens, it will cause an assertion failure when named exits,
125 but is otherwise harmless. A fix exists, but was too late for
126 this release; it will be included in BIND 9.7.1.
127
128 Compatibility notes:
129
130 - If you had built BIND 9.6 with any of ALLOW_NSEC3PARAM_UPDATE,
131 ALLOW_SECURE_TO_INSECURE or ALLOW_INSECURE_TO_SECURE defined, then
132 you should ensure that all changes that are in progress have
133 completed prior to upgrading to BIND 9.7. BIND 9.7 implements
134 those features in a way which is not backwards compatible.
135
136 - Prior releases had a bug which caused HMAC-SHA* keys with long
137 secrets to be used incorrectly. Fixing this bug means that older
138 versions of BIND 9 may fail to interoperate with this version
139 when using TSIG keys. If this occurs, the new "isc-hmac-fixup"
140 tool will convert a key with a long secret into a form that works
141 correctly with all versions of BIND 9. See the "isc-hmac-fixup"
142 man page for additional details.
143
144 - Revoking a DNSSEC key with "dnssec-revoke" changes its key ID.
145 It is possible for the new key ID to collide with that of a
146 different key. Newly generated keys will not have this problem,
147 as "dnssec-keygen" looks for potential collisions before
148 generating keys, but exercise caution if using key revokation
149 with keys that were generated by older versions of BIND 9. See
150 the Administrator's Reference Manual, section 4.10 ("Dynamic
151 Trust Anchor Management") for more details.
152
153 - A bug was fixed in which a key's scheduled inactivity date was
154 stored incorectly. Users who participated in the 9.7.0 BETA test
155 and had DNSSEC keys with scheduled inactivity dates will need to
156 reset those keys' dates using "dnssec-settime -I".
157
158Building
159
160 BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler,
161 basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.
162
163 We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:
164
165 COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5.1B
166 Fedora Core 6
167 FreeBSD 4.10, 5.2.1, 6.2
168 HP-UX 11.11
169 Mac OS X 10.5
170 NetBSD 3.x, 4.0-beta, 5.0-beta
171 OpenBSD 3.3 and up
172 Solaris 8, 9, 9 (x86), 10
173 Ubuntu 7.04, 7.10
174 Windows XP/2003/2008
175
176 NOTE: As of BIND 9.5.1, 9.4.3, and 9.3.6, older versions of
177 Windows, including Windows NT and Windows 2000, are no longer
178 supported.
179
180 We have recent reports from the user community that a supported
181 version of BIND will build and run on the following systems:
182
183 AIX 4.3, 5L
184 CentOS 4, 4.5, 5
185 Darwin 9.0.0d1/ARM
186 Debian 4
187 Fedora Core 5, 7
188 FreeBSD 6.1
189 HP-UX 11.23 PA
190 MacOS X 10.4, 10.5
191 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4, 5
192 SCO OpenServer 5.0.6
193 Slackware 9, 10
194 SuSE 9, 10
195
196 To build, just
197
198 ./configure
199 make
200
201 Do not use a parallel "make".
202
203 Several environment variables that can be set before running
204 configure will affect compilation:
205
206 CC
207 The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure
208 out the right one for supported systems.
209
210 CFLAGS
211 C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2
212 as supported by the compiler.
213
214 STD_CINCLUDES
215 System header file directories. Can be used to specify
216 where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example.
217 Defaults to empty string.
218
219 STD_CDEFINES
220 Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined.
221 Defaults to empty string.
222
223 Possible settings:
224 Change the default syslog facility of named/lwresd.
225 -DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0
226 Enable DNSSEC signature chasing support in dig.
227 -DDIG_SIGCHASE=1 (sets -DDIG_SIGCHASE_TD=1 and
228 -DDIG_SIGCHASE_BU=1)
229 Disable dropping queries from particular well known ports.
230 -DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0
231 Sibling glue checking in named-checkzone is enabled by default.
232 To disable the default check set. -DCHECK_SIBLING=0
233 named-checkzone checks out-of-zone addresses by default.
234 To disable this default set. -DCHECK_LOCAL=0
235 To create the default pid files in ${localstatedir}/run rather
236 than ${localstatedir}/run/{named,lwresd}/ set.
237 -DNS_RUN_PID_DIR=0
238 Enable workaround for Solaris kernel bug about /dev/poll
239 -DISC_SOCKET_USE_POLLWATCH=1
240 The watch timeout is also configurable, e.g.,
241 -DISC_SOCKET_POLLWATCH_TIMEOUT=20
242
243 LDFLAGS
244 Linker flags. Defaults to empty string.
245
246 The following need to be set when cross compiling.
247
248 BUILD_CC
249 The native C compiler.
250 BUILD_CFLAGS (optional)
251 BUILD_CPPFLAGS (optional)
252 Possible Settings:
253 -DNEED_OPTARG=1 (optarg is not declared in <unistd.h>)
254 BUILD_LDFLAGS (optional)
255 BUILD_LIBS (optional)
256
257 To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the
258 configure command line.
259
260 For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it
261 with crypto support. You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a
262 or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the
263 configure command line. If OpenSSL is installed under
264 a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to
265 look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".
266
267 On some platforms it is necessary to explictly request large
268 file support to handle files bigger than 2GB. This can be
269 done by "--enable-largefile" on the configure command line.
270
271 On some platforms, BIND 9 can be built with multithreading
272 support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs.
273 You can specify whether to build a multithreaded BIND 9
274 by specifying "--enable-threads" or "--disable-threads"
275 on the configure command line. The default is operating
276 system dependent.
277
278 Support for the "fixed" rrset-order option can be enabled
279 or disabled by specifying "--enable-fixed-rrset" or
280 "--disable-fixed-rrset" on the configure command line.
281 The default is "disabled", to reduce memory footprint.
282
283 If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it
284 will be used automatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6
285 separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.
286
287 "make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries.
288 By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed
289 with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".
290
291 You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory
292 where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default,
293 and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory
294 of "run/named.pid". For backwards compatibility with BIND 8,
295 --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to
296 "/var" if no --prefix option is given. If there is a --prefix
297 option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir
298 defaults to "$prefix/var".
299
300 To see additional configure options, run "configure --help".
301 Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8
302 compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.
303
304 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you
305 should also "make depend". If you're using Emacs, you might find
306 "make tags" helpful.
307
308 If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first.
309 This will ensure that all the option changes take.
310
311 Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual
312 compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).
313
314 Known compiler issues:
315 * gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86.
316 * gcc prior to gcc-3.2.3 ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
317 * gcc-3.3.5 powerpc generates incorrect code at -02.
318 * Irix, MipsPRO 7.4.1m is known to cause problems.
319
320 A limited test suite can be run with "make test". Many of
321 the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses
322 on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README
323 for details.
324
325 SunOS 4 requires "printf" to be installed to make the shared
326 libraries. sh-utils-1.16 provides a "printf" which compiles
327 on SunOS 4.
328
329
330Documentation
331
332 The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the
333 source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the
334 doc/arm directory.
335
336 Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages
337 in their directories. In particular, the command line
338 options of "named" are documented in /bin/named/named.8.
339 There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.
340
341 If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration
342 notes in doc/misc/migration. If you are upgrading from
343 BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.
344
345 Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in
346 FAQ.
347
348 Additional information on various subjects can be found
349 in the other README files.
350
351
352Change Log
353
354 A detailed list of all changes to BIND 9 is included in the
355 file CHANGES, with the most recent changes listed first.
356 Change notes include tags indicating the category of the
357 change that was made; these categories are:
358
359 [func] New feature
360
361 [bug] General bug fix
362
363 [security] Fix for a significant security flaw
364
365 [experimental] Used for new features when the syntax
366 or other aspects of the design are still
367 in flux and may change
368
369 [port] Portability enhancement
370
371 [maint] Updates to built-in data such as root
372 server addresses and keys
373
374 [tuning] Changes to built-in configuration defaults
375 and constants to improve performanceo
376
377 [protocol] Updates to the DNS protocol such as new
378 RR types
379
380 [test] Changes to the automatic tests, not
381 affecting server functionality
382
383 [cleanup] Minor corrections and refactoring
384
385 [doc] Documentation
386
387 In general, [func] and [experimental] tags will only appear
388 in new-feature releases (i.e., those with version numbers
389 ending in zero). Some new functionality may be backported to
390 older releases on a case-by-case basis. All other change
391 types may be applied to all currently-supported releases.
392
393
394Bug Reports and Mailing Lists
395
396 Bugs reports should be sent to
397
398 bind9-bugs@isc.org
399
400 To join the BIND Users mailing list, send mail to
401
402 bind-users-request@isc.org
403
404 archives of which can be found via
405
406 http://www.isc.org/ops/lists/
407
408 If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source
409 code, you might want to join the BIND Workers mailing list.
410 Send mail to
411
412 bind-workers-request@isc.org
413
414
415