1
2Communications of the ACM
3Volume 4,  Number 4, April, 1961
4
5                  J. R. Herndon   ACM Algorithm 49: Spherical Neumann
6                                  Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  179
7
8Communications of the ACM
9Volume 5,  Number 12, December, 1962
10
11                   J. N. Merner   ACM Algorithm 149: Complete Elliptic
12                                  Integral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  605
13
14Communications of the ACM
15Volume 6,  Number 6, June, 1963
16
17                   O. G. Ludwig   ACM Algorithm 179: Incomplete Beta Ratio  314
18
19Communications of the ACM
20Volume 6,  Number 12, December, 1963
21
22                     R. H. Kase   ACM Algorithm 219: Topological Ordering
23                                  for Pert Networks  . . . . . . . . . . . 738--739
24
25Communications of the ACM
26Volume 7,  Number 8, August, 1964
27
28                    W. Gautschi   ACM Algorithm 236: Bessel Functions of
29                                  the First Kind . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479--480
30
31Communications of the ACM
32Volume 7,  Number 12, December, 1964
33
34                   J. Boothroyd   ACM Algorithm 246: Graycode  . . . . . .  701
35
36Communications of the ACM
37Volume 8,  Number 8, August, 1965
38
39                    W. Gautschi   ACM Algorithm 259: Legendre Functions
40                                  for Arguments Larger than One  . . . . . 488--492
41
42Communications of the ACM
43Volume 9,  Number 5, May, 1966
44
45                    W. Fletcher   ACM Algorithm 284: Interchange of Two
46                                  Blocks of Data . . . . . . . . . . . . .  326
47
48Communications of the ACM
49Volume 10,  Number 4, April, 1967
50
51                 I. D. Hill and   
52                     M. C. Pike   ACM Algorithm 299: Chi-Squared Integral  243--244
53
54Communications of the ACM
55Volume 11,  Number 3, March, 1968
56
57           Edsger Wybe Dijkstra   Go to statement considered harmful . . . 147--148
58
59Communications of the ACM
60Volume 12,  Number 5, May, 1969
61
62         ANSI Subcommittee X3J3   Clarification of Fortran Standards ---
63                                  Initial Progress . . . . . . . . . . . . 289--294
64
65Communications of the ACM
66Volume 12,  Number 9, September, 1969
67
68                       N. Wirth   On Multiprogramming, Machine Coding, and
69                                  Computer Organization  . . . . . . . . . 489--498
70
71Communications of the ACM
72Volume 1,  Number 11, November, 1970
73
74                      V. Y. Lum   Multi-Attribute Retrieval with Combined
75                                  Indexes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660--665
76
77Communications of the ACM
78Volume 13,  Number 1, January, 1970
79
80                     T. C. Lowe   Automatic segmentation of cyclic program
81                                  structures based on connectivity and
82                                  processor timing . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--6
83            Walter Gautschi and   
84                 Bruce J. Klein   Recursive computation of certain
85                                  derivatives --- A study of error
86                                  propagation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7--9
87              A. P. Mullery and   
88                 G. C. Driscoll   A processor allocation method for
89                                  time-sharing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10--14
90                  R. F. Simmons   Natural Language Question-Answering
91                                  Systems: 1969  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15--30
92                    E. T. Irons   Experience with an extensible language   31--40
93                   U. Montanari   A note on minimal length polygonal
94                                  approximation to a digitized contour . . 41--47
95                Harald Stehfest   ACM Algorithm 368: Numerical Inversion
96                                  of Laplace Transforms  . . . . . . . . . 47--49
97                 H. E. Schaffer   ACM Algorithm 369: Generator of Random
98                                  Numbers Satisfying the Poisson
99                                  Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--49
100                   E. L. Butler   ACM Algorithm 370: General Random Number
101                                  Generator  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--52
102                 J. K. S. McKay   ACM Algorithm 371: Partitions in Natural
103                                  Order  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52--52
104                   K. B. Dunham   ACM Algorithm 372: An Algorithm to
105                                  Produce Complex Primes CSIEVE  . . . . . 52--54
106                 R. Griffin and   
107                   K. A. Redich   Remark on ``Algorithm 347 [M1]: An
108                                  Efficient Algorithm for Sorting with
109                                  Minimal Storage'', by R. C. Singleton    54--54
110                      Anonymous   Representation for calendar date for
111                                  machine-to-machine data interchange  . . 55--55
112                      Anonymous   Interchange rolls of perforated tape for
113                                  information interchange  . . . . . . . . 56--56
114                    W. H. Payne   Fortran Tausworthe pseudorandom number
115                                  generator  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57--57
116
117Communications of the ACM
118Volume 13,  Number 2, February, 1970
119
120             David K. Hsiao and   
121                Frank D. Harary   A Formal System for Information
122                                  Retrieval from Files . . . . . . . . . . 67--73
123          E. von Glaserfeld and   
124                   P. P. Pisani   The multistore parser for hierarchical
125                                  syntactic structures . . . . . . . . . . 74--82
126                    Steven Vere   Translation equations  . . . . . . . . . 83--89
127                   H. L. Morgan   Spelling correction in systems programs  90--94
128                      J. Earley   An Efficient Context-Free Parsing
129                                  Algorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--102
130                    C. E. Radke   The Use of Quadratic Residue Research    103--105
131                       B. Jones   A Variation on Sorting by Address
132                                  Calculation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105--107
133                  James R. Bell   The Quadratic Quotient Method: A Hash
134                                  Code Eliminating Secondary Clustering    107--109
135                 D. N. Ness and   
136                R. S. Green and   
137               W. A. Martin and   
138                  G. A. Moulton   Computer education in a graduate school
139                                  of management  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110--114, 19
140              M. F. Robbins and   
141                    J. D. Beyer   An interactive computer system using
142                                  graphical flowchart input  . . . . . . . 115--119
143                    J. S. White   ACM Algorithm 373: Number of Doubly
144                                  Restricted Partitions  . . . . . . . . . 120--120
145                    J. S. White   ACM Algorithm 374: Restricted Partition
146                                  Generator  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120--120
147                       H. Spath   ACM Algorithm 375: Fitting Data to One
148                                  Exponential  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120--121
149                       H. Spath   Fitting data to one exponential  . . . . 120--121
150                       H. Spath   ACM Algorithm 376: Least Squares Fit by
151                                  $f(x)=A\cos(Bx+C)$ . . . . . . . . . . . 121--122
152
153Communications of the ACM
154Volume 13,  Number 3, March, 1970
155
156                   H. L. Morgan   Spelling correction in systems programs  90--94
157             R. R. Fenichel and   
158              J. Weizenbaum and   
159                J. C. Yochelson   A Program to Teach Programming . . . . . 141--146
160               J. R. Slagle and   
161                    J. K. Dixon   Experiments with the M & N
162                                  Tree-Searching Program . . . . . . . . . 147--154, 159
163                  A. Batson and   
164             Shy-Ming M. Ju and   
165                     D. C. Wood   Measurements of Segment Size . . . . . . 155--159
166                   G. A. Watson   On an Algorithm for Nonlinear Minimax
167                                  Approximation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160--162
168               D. G. Schweikert   A Comparison of Error Improvement
169                                  Estimates for Adaptive Trapezoid
170                                  Integration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163--166
171         Robert M. Schwarcz and   
172             John F. Burger and   
173              Robert F. Simmons   A Deductive Question Answerer for
174                                  Natural Language Inference . . . . . . . 167--183
175             A. F. Cardenas and   
176                  W. J. Karplus   PDEL, a Language for Partial
177                                  Differential Equations . . . . . . . . . 184--191 (or 184--190??)
178               M. J. Levine and   
179                  S. M. Swanson   ACM Algorithm 377: Symbolic Expansion of
180                                  Algebraic Expressions  . . . . . . . . . 191--192
181                   M. V. Kailas   Another method of converting from
182                                  hexadecimal to decimal . . . . . . . . . 193--193
183                       D. Pager   A number system for the permutations . . 193--193
184              J. R. H. Dempster   Comment on a Paging Anomaly  . . . . . . 193--194
185                   H. A. Maurer   A Note on the Complement of Inherently
186                                  Ambiguous Context-Free Languages . . . . 194--194
187                D. K. Hsiao and   
188                   F. D. Harary   Corrigenda: ``A Formal System for
189                                  Information Retrieval from Files'' . . . 266--266
190
191Communications of the ACM
192Volume 13,  Number 4, April, 1970
193
194             A. J. DeSalvio and   
195                J. G. Purdy and   
196                         J. Rau   Creation and Control of Internal Data
197                                  Bases Under a Fortran Programming
198                                  Environment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211--215
199                    H. D. Mills   Syntax-Directed Documentation for PL360  216--222
200               Rudolf Bayer and   
201             Christoph Witzgall   Some Complete Calculi for Matrices . . . 223--237
202               P. Brinch Hansen   The Nucleus of a Multiprogramming System 238--241, 250
203                  C. M. Eastman   Representations for Space Planning . . . 242--250
204             J. E. Pomeranz and   
205                R. L. Weil, Jr.   The cyclical majority problem  . . . . . 251--254
206                   E. N. Nilson   Cubic Splines on Uniform Meshes  . . . . 255--258
207                  W. Pankiewicz   ACM Algorithm 378: Discretized
208                                  Newton-like Method for Solving a System
209                                  of Simultaneous Nonlinear Equations  . . 259--260
210                   J. N. Lyness   ACM Algorithm 379: SQUANK (Simpson
211                                  Quadrature Used Adaptively-Noise Killed) 260--263 (or 260--262??)
212               W. F. Heess, Jr.   Comments on a paper by Wallace and Mason 264--265
213                    J. L. Smith   Comment on multiprogramming under a page
214                                  on demand strategy . . . . . . . . . . . 265--265
215             Ronald C. de Vries   Comment on Lawler's Multilevel Boolean
216                                  minimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265--266
217                   K. R. Knight   An Algol construction for procedures as
218                                  parameters of procedures . . . . . . . . 266--266
219                       N. Wirth   Corrigenda: ``On Multiprogramming,
220                                  Machine Coding, and Computer
221                                  Organization'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266--266
222
223Communications of the ACM
224Volume 13,  Number 5, May, 1970
225
226                       L. Hodes   Programming System for the On-Line
227                                  Analysis of Biomedical Images  . . . . . 279--283, 286
228                   G. A. Sitton   Operations on Generalized Arrays with
229                                  the Genie Compiler . . . . . . . . . . . 284--286
230                        S. Vere   Translation Equations (Errata) . . . . . 286--286
231               W. E. Sasser and   
232              D. S. Burdick and   
233               D. A. Graham and   
234                   T. H. Naylor   Application of Sequential Sampling to
235                                  Simulation. an Example Inventory Model   287--296
236                      J. Loeckx   Algorithm for the Construction of
237                                  Bounded-Context Parsers  . . . . . . . . 297--307
238               John C. Reynolds   GEDANKEN --- A Simple Typeless Language
239                                  Based on the Principle of Completeness
240                                  and the Reference Concept  . . . . . . . 308--319
241         S. Crespi-Reghizzi and   
242                    R. Morpurgo   A language for treating graphs . . . . . 319--323
243                  S. Laflin and   
244                  M. A. Brebner   ACM Algorithm 380: In-situ Transposition
245                                  of a Rectangular Matrix  . . . . . . . . 324--326 (or 324--325??)
246                     R. E. Knop   ACM Algorithm 381: Random Vectors
247                                  Uniform In Solid Angle . . . . . . . . . 326--326
248
249Communications of the ACM
250Volume 13,  Number 6, June, 1970
251
252                    H. A. Elder   On the Feasibility of Voice Input to an
253                                  On-Line Computer Processing System . . . 339--346
254        C. R. Muthukrishnan and   
255                   V. Rajaraman   On the Conversion of Decision Tables to
256                                  Computer Programs  . . . . . . . . . . . 347--351
257                   J. E. Grimes   Scheduling to Reduce Conflict in
258                                  Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351--352
259                   D. G. Frantz   A PL\slash 1 program to assist the
260                                  comparative linguist . . . . . . . . . . 353--356
261                  F. J. Damerau   Automatic Parsing for Content Analysis   356--360
262                     Peter Linz   Accurate Floating-Point Summation  . . . 361--362
263                K. E. Hillstrom   Comparison of Several Adaptive
264                                  Newton-Cotes Quadrature Routines in
265                                  Evaluating Definite Integrals with
266                                  Peaked Integrands  . . . . . . . . . . . 362--365
267                  G. W. Stewart   Incorporating Origin Shifts into the QR
268                                  Algorithm for Symmetric Tridiagonal
269                                  Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365--367
270                    P. J. Chase   ACM Algorithm 382: Combinations of ${M}$
271                                  Out of ${N}$ Objects . . . . . . . . . . 368--368
272                    P. J. Chase   ACM Algorithm 383: Permutations of a Set
273                                  with Repetitions . . . . . . . . . . . . 368--369
274                  G. W. Stewart   ACM Algorithm 384: Eigenvalues and
275                                  Eigenvectors of a Real Symmetric Matrix
276                                  [F2] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369--371
277                   R. L. London   Certification of Algorithm 245 (M1)
278                                  Treesort 3: Proof of Algorithms --- A
279                                  New Kind of Certification  . . . . . . . 371--374
280             J. P. Chandler and   
281                 W. C. Harrison   R201--SHELLSORT  . . . . . . . . . . . . 373--374
282                     E. F. Codd   A Relational Model of Data for Large
283                                  Shared Data Banks  . . . . . . . . . . . 377--387
284
285Communications of the ACM
286Volume 13,  Number 7, July, 1970
287
288                    C. A. Grant   An interactive command generating
289                                  facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403--406
290                   M. A. Wilkes   Conversational Access to a 2048-Word
291                                  Machine  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407--414
292                    W. M. Waite   The mobile programming system: STAGE 2   415--421
293                Burton H. Bloom   Space/Time Trade-offs in Hash Coding
294                                  with Allowable Errors  . . . . . . . . . 422--426
295         E. G. Coffman, Jr. and   
296                         J. Eve   File Structures Using Hashing Functions  427--432, 436
297              Gordon H. Bradley   Algorithm and Bound for the Greatest
298                                  Common Divisor of $n$ Integers . . . . . 433--436
299                    W. A. Woods   Context-Sensitive Parsing  . . . . . . . 437--445
300                 K. A. Paciorek   ACM Algorithm 385: Exponential Integral
301                                  ${E}_i(x)$ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446--447
302                  G. H. Bradley   ACM Algorithm 386: Greatest Common
303                                  Divisor of $n$ Integers and Multipliers  447--448
304                 K. Sattley and   
305                   R. Millstein   Comments on a paper by Lowe  . . . . . . 450--451
306                  H. D. Baecker   A note on data base deadlocks  . . . . . 451--451
307                 J. E. Pomeranz   Note on an Anomaly in Paging . . . . . . 451--451
308                     B. R. Hunt   A Comment on Axiomatic Approaches to
309                                  Programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452--452
310
311Communications of the ACM
312Volume 13,  Number 8, August, 1970
313
314                  N. R. Nielsen   Allocation of Computer Resources. is
315                                  Pricing the Answer . . . . . . . . . . . 467--474
316                    G. Nagy and   
317                       N. Tuong   Normalization Techniques for Handprinted
318                                  Numerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475--481
319                      A. C. Day   Full Table Quadratic Searching for
320                                  Scatter Storage  . . . . . . . . . . . . 481--482
321                B. S. Brawn and   
322            F. G. Gustavson and   
323                   E. S. Mankin   Sorting in a Paging Environment  . . . . 483--494
324              J. H. Saltzer and   
325                  J. W. Gintell   The instrumentation of Multics . . . . . 495--500
326              J. D. Ichbiah and   
327                    S. P. Morse   A technique for generating almost
328                                  optimal Floyd-Evans productions for
329                                  precedence grammars  . . . . . . . . . . 501--508
330                    K. Fielding   ACM Algorithm 387: Function Minimization
331                                  and Linear Search  . . . . . . . . . . . 509--510
332                  H. Hubner and   
333                  H. Kremer and   
334                 K. O. Linn and   
335                   W. Schwering   ACM Algorithm 388: Rademacher Function   510--511
336                  H. Hubner and   
337                  H. Kremer and   
338                 K. O. Linn and   
339                   W. Schwering   ACM Algorithm 389: Binary Ordered Walsh
340                                  Functions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511--511
341                  H. Hubner and   
342                  H. Kremer and   
343                 K. O. Linn and   
344                   W. Schwering   ACM Algorithm 390: Sequency Ordered
345                                  Walsh Functions  . . . . . . . . . . . . 511--512 (or 511--511??)
346                       J. McKay   ACM Algorithm 391: Unitary Symmetric
347                                  Polynomials  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512--512
348                      Anonymous   Identification of States of the United
349                                  States (including the District of
350                                  Columbia) for information interchange    514--515
351
352Communications of the ACM
353Volume 13,  Number 9, September, 1970
354
355              W. Jack Bouknight   A Procedure for Generation of
356                                  Three-Dimensional Half-Toned Computer
357                                  Graphics Presentations . . . . . . . . . 527--536
358                 G. Bracchi and   
359                   M. Somalvico   Interactive Software System for
360                                  Computer-Aided Design. an Application to
361                                  Circuit Project  . . . . . . . . . . . . 537--545
362                  I. Hirschsohn   AMESPLOT, a Higher Level Data Plotting
363                                  Software System  . . . . . . . . . . . . 546--555
364             Cleve B. Moler and   
365               Louis P. Solomon   Integrating Square Roots . . . . . . . . 556--557
366                   G. W. Kimble   A Variation of the Goodman-Lance Method
367                                  for the Solution of Two-Point Boundary
368                                  Value Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557--558
369                M. Wayne Wilson   Optimal Starting Approximations for
370                                  Generating Square Root for Slow or No
371                                  Divide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559--561 (or 559--560??)
372                  L. W. Ehrlich   Complex Matrix Inversion Versus Real . . 561--562
373                M. H. van Emden   Increasing the Efficiency of Quicksort   563--567 (or 563--566??)
374            Robert R. Smith and   
375                  Dennis McCall   ACM Algorithm 392: Systems of Hyperbolic
376                                  P.D.E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567--570
377                   S. K. Abdali   ACM Algorithm 393: Special Series
378                                  Summation with Arbitrary Precision . . . 570--570
379                     R. B. Dial   ACM Algorithm 394: Decision Table
380                                  Translation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571--573 (or 571--572??)
381             Leslie Lamport and   
382                     J. R. Bell   Comment on Bell's Quadratic Quotient
383                                  Method for Hash Code Searching . . . . . 573--574
384                       Z. Bavel   On the Number of Automorphisms of a
385                                  Singly Generated Automaton . . . . . . . 574--575
386
387Communications of the ACM
388Volume 13,  Number 10, October, 1970
389
390                    W. A. Woods   Transition Network Grammars for Natural
391                                  Language Analysis  . . . . . . . . . . . 591--606
392                  J. Earley and   
393                     H. Sturgis   A formalism for translator interactions  607--617
394                     G. W. Hill   ACM Algorithm 395: Student's
395                                  $t$-Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . 617--619
396                     G. W. Hill   ACM Algorithm 396: Student's
397                                  $t$-Quantiles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619--620
398                S. K. Chang and   
399                        A. Gill   ACM Algorithm 397: An Integer
400                                  Programming Problem  . . . . . . . . . . 620--621
401                    R. A. Stone   ACM Algorithm 398: Tableless Date
402                                  Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621--621
403                 J. J. Seppanen   ACM Algorithm 399: Spanning Tree . . . . 621--622
404                  G. C. Wallick   ACM Algorithm 400: Modified Havie
405                                  Integration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 622--624
406                        R. Peto   Remark on ``Algorithm 347 [M1]: An
407                                  Efficient Algorithm for Sorting with
408                                  Minimal Storage''  . . . . . . . . . . .  624
409                    L. B. Smith   The use of interactive graphics to solve
410                                  numerical problems . . . . . . . . . . . 625--634
411
412Communications of the ACM
413Volume 13,  Number 11, November, 1970
414
415                  P. LaFata and   
416                    J. B. Rosen   An interactive display for approximation
417                                  by linear programming  . . . . . . . . . 651--659
418                      V. Y. Lum   Multi-attribute retrieval with combined
419                                  indexes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 660--665
420                   C. J. Mifsud   A multiple-precision division algorithm  666--668
421                  K. Conrow and   
422                    R. G. Smith   NEATER2: A PL/I Source Statement
423                                  Reformatter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669--675
424              James R. Bell and   
425               Charles H. Kaman   The Linear Quotient Hash Code  . . . . . 675--677
426                   C. J. Cheney   A Nonrecursive List Compacting Algorithm 677--678
427                      Anonymous   Proposed American National Standard.
428                                  Recorded magnetic tape for information
429                                  interchange (1600 CPI, phase encoded)    679--685
430                      Anonymous   Proposed American National Standard.
431                                  Unrecorded magnetic tape for information
432                                  interchange (9 track-200 and 800 CPI,
433                                  NRZI and 1600 CPI, P.E.) . . . . . . . . 686--692
434                     P. Bratley   ACM Algorithm 401: An Improved Algorithm
435                                  to Produce Complex Primes  . . . . . . . 693--693
436                M. H. van Emden   ACM Algorithm 402: Increasing the
437                                  Efficiency of Quicksort  . . . . . . . . 693--694
438                   W. J. Wilson   A generalized method for generating
439                                  argument/function values . . . . . . . . 696--697
440                   J. R. Ehrman   Correction to 'logical' arithmetic on
441                                  computers with two's complement binary
442                                  arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697--698
443                   A. Bernstein   Comment on the working set model for
444                                  program behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . 698--699
445                       J. Rokne   Condition numbers of Pei matrices  . . . 699--699
446
447Communications of the ACM
448Volume 13,  Number 12, December, 1970
449
450              M. V. Mathews and   
451                    F. R. Moore   GROOVE-A program to compose, store, and
452                                  edit functions of time . . . . . . . . . 715--721
453               James C. Tiernan   An Efficient Search Algorithm to Find
454                                  the Elementary Circuits of a Graph . . . 722--726
455                C. Betourne and   
456               J. Boulenger and   
457                  J. Ferrie and   
458                  C. Kaiser and   
459               S. Krakowiak and   
460                    J. Mossiere   Process management and resource sharing
461                                  in the multiaccess system ESOPE  . . . . 727--733
462                   H. L. Morgan   An interrupt based organization for
463                                  management information systems . . . . . 734--739
464                 R. J. Thompson   Improving round-off in Runge-Kutta
465                                  computations with Gill's method  . . . . 739--740
466                  S. C. Shapiro   The list set generator: a construct for
467                                  evaluating set expressions . . . . . . . 741--744
468                    N. A. Black   Optimum Merging from Mass Storage  . . . 745--749
469                  G. W. Stewart   Errata: ACM Algorithm 384: Eigenvalues
470                                  and Eigenvectors of a Real Symmetric
471                                  Matrix [F2]  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 750--750
472                E. A. Fuchs and   
473                  P. E. Jackson   Estimates of Distributions of Random
474                                  Variables for Certain Computer
475                                  Communications Traffic Models  . . . . . 752--757
476                   C. C. Pinter   On decomposing a Boolean function and
477                                  simplifying the components separately    758--758
478                 W. J. Raduchel   Efficient handling of binary data  . . . 758--759
479               Robert A. Wagner   Finiteness Assumptions and Intellectual
480                                  Isolation of Computer Scientists . . . . 759--760
481
482Communications of the ACM
483Volume 12,  Number 1, January, 1971
484
485                   E. Lowry and   
486                  C. W. Medlock   Object Code Optimization . . . . . . . . 13--22
487                    Carl Hammer   Signature Simulation and Certain
488                                  Cryptographic Codes  . . . . . . . . . . 3--14
489                     A. Klinger   Pattern width at a given angle . . . . . 15--20
490                  Shi-Kuo Chang   The Reconstruction of Binary Patterns
491                                  from Their Projections . . . . . . . . . 21--25
492                 G. Bracchi and   
493                     D. Ferrari   Language for Treating Geometric Patterns
494                                  in a Two-Dimensional Space . . . . . . . 26--32
495                  R. A. Broucke   Construction of rational and negative
496                                  powers of a formal series  . . . . . . . 32--35
497                     R. C. Holt   Comments on Prevention of System
498                                  Deadlocks  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36--38
499                 C. A. R. Hoare   Proof of a Program: FIND . . . . . . . . 39--45
500                    L. G. Proll   Further evidence for the analysis of
501                                  algorithms for the zero-one programming
502                                  problem  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46--47
503              M. W. Coleman and   
504                   M. S. Taylor   ACM Algorithm 403: Circular Integer
505                                  Partitioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--48
506           C. W. Lucas, Jr. and   
507                  C. W. Terrill   ACM Algorithm 404: Complex Gamma
508                                  Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48--49 (or 48--48??)
509                   K. A. Redish   Comment on London's Certification of
510                                  Algorithm 245  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50--51
511                  S. L. Pollack   Comment on the conversion of decision
512                                  tables to computer programs  . . . . . . 52--52
513
514Communications of the ACM
515Volume 14,  Number 2, February, 1971
516
517                   K. Schwayder   Conversion of Limited-Entry Decision
518                                  Tables to Computer Programs. a Proposed
519                                  Modification to Pollack's Algorithm  . . 69--73
520                    K. Shwayder   Conversion of limited-entry decision
521                                  tables to computer programs-a proposed
522                                  modification to Pollack's algorithm  . . 69--73
523            A. J. Bernstein and   
524                    J. C. Sharp   A policy-driven scheduler for a
525                                  time-sharing system  . . . . . . . . . . 74--78
526                  N. R. Nielsen   An analysis of some time-sharing
527                                  techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79--90
528               J. R. Slagle and   
529                  C. D. Farrell   Experiments in Automatic Learning for a
530                                  Multipurpose Heuristic Program . . . . . 91--99 (or 91--98??)
531                H. Hurwitz, Jr.   On the Probability Distribution of the
532                                  Values of Binary Trees . . . . . . . . . 99--102
533               J. R. Slagle and   
534                   R. C. T. Lee   Application of Game Tree Searching
535                                  Techniques to Sequential Pattern
536                                  Recognition  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103--110
537                   J. Rokne and   
538                   P. Lancaster   Complex Interval Arithmetic  . . . . . . 111--112
539                 A. M. Dell and   
540                 R. L. Weil and   
541                 G. L. Thompson   ACM Algorithm 405: Roots of Matrix
542                                  Pencils: The Generalized Eigenvalue
543                                  Problem  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113--117
544
545Communications of the ACM
546Volume 14,  Number 3, March, 1971
547
548                     A. M. Noll   Scanned-Display Computer Graphics  . . . 143--150
549                   Z. Manna and   
550                R. J. Waldinger   Toward Automatic Program Synthesis . . . 151--165
551                  W. K. Winters   Scheduling Algorithm for a Computer
552                                  Assisted Registration System . . . . . . 166--171
553                 J. G. Williams   Storage Utilization in a Memory
554                                  Hierarchy When Storage Assignment is
555                                  Performed by a Hashing Algorithm . . . . 172--175
556                     C. W. Gear   The Automatic Integration of Ordinary
557                                  Differential Equations . . . . . . . . . 176--179
558                   J. A. Howell   ACM Algorithm 406: Exact Solution of
559                                  Linear Equations Using Residue
560                                  Arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180--184
561                     C. W. Gear   ACM Algorithm 407: DIFSUB for Solution
562                                  of Ordinary Differential Equations . . . 185--190
563
564Communications of the ACM
565Volume 14,  Number 4, April, 1971
566
567                       N. Wirth   Program Development by Stepwise
568                                  Refinement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221--227
569                  V. Y. Lum and   
570              P. S. T. Yuen and   
571                        M. Dodd   Key-to-Address Transform Techniques: A
572                                  Fundamental Performance Study on Large
573                                  Existing Formatted Files . . . . . . . . 228--239
574               A. B. Tucker and   
575                    M. J. Flynn   Dynamic Microprogramming. Processor
576                                  Organization and Programming . . . . . . 240--250
577               P. A. Talbot and   
578                 J. W. Carr and   
579         R. R. Coulter, Jr. and   
580                    R. C. Hwang   Animator: an on-line two-dimensional
581                                  film animation system  . . . . . . . . . 251--259
582                M. L. Stein and   
583                    W. D. Munro   On Complement Division . . . . . . . . . 260--264
584                  J. M. McNamee   ACM Algorithm 408: A Sparse Matrix
585                                  Package (Part I) . . . . . . . . . . . . 265--273
586
587Communications of the ACM
588Volume 14,  Number 5, May, 1971
589
590 T. William Olle (Chairman) and   
591      Codasyl Systems Committee   Introduction to `Feature analysis of
592                                  generalized data base management
593                                  systems' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308--318
594                  N. R. Nielsen   The merit of regional computing networks 319--326
595                  P. Krolak and   
596                   W. Felts and   
597                      G. Marble   A Man-Machine Approach Toward Solving
598                                  the Traveling Salesman Problem . . . . . 327--334
599                  Ugo Montanari   On the optimal detection of curves in
600                                  noisy pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335--345
601                 D. L. Richards   How to Keep the Addresses Short  . . . . 346--349
602                 R. R. Fenichel   On Implementation of Label Variables . . 349--350
603           James H. Morris, Jr.   Another Recursion Induction Principle    351--354
604                     H. Schmitt   ACM Algorithm 409: Discrete Chebychev
605                                  Curve Fit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355--356
606                 J. M. Chambers   ACM Algorithm 410: Partial Sorting [M1]  357--358
607
608Communications of the ACM
609Volume 14,  Number 6, June, 1971
610
611                 Kazuaki Harada   Generation of rosary permutations
612                                  expressed in Hamiltonian circuits  . . . 373--379
613                    J. D. Foley   An approach to the optimum design of
614                                  computer graphics systems  . . . . . . . 380--390
615                      S. Amarel   Computer Science: A Conceptual Framework
616                                  for Curriculum Planning  . . . . . . . . 391--401
617         W. E. Bosarge, Jr. and   
618                  O. G. Johnson   Numerical properties of the Ritz-Trefftz
619                                  algorithm for optimal control  . . . . . 402--406
620                 H. Tim Gladwin   A Note on Compiling Fixed Point Binary
621                                  Multiplications  . . . . . . . . . . . . 407--408
622                   A. G. Fraser   On the Meaning of Names in Programming
623                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409--416
624                   R. J. Walker   Binary summation . . . . . . . . . . . . 417--417
625                   M. Zelkowitz   Interrupt driven programming . . . . . . 417--418
626
627Communications of the ACM
628Volume 14,  Number 7, July, 1971
629
630             J. L. McKenney and   
631                    F. M. Tonge   The State of Computer-Oriented Curricula
632                                  in Business Schools 1970 . . . . . . . . 443--448
633                A. J. Bernstein   A programmer training project  . . . . . 449--452
634            Franklin L. DeRemer   Simple LR(k) grammars  . . . . . . . . . 453--460
635          Terrence W. Pratt and   
636             Daniel P. Friedman   A Language Extension for Graph
637                                  Processing, and Its Formal Semantics . . 460--467 (or 461--467??)
638                    Keith Paton   An algorithm for the blocks and cut
639                                  nodes of a graph . . . . . . . . . . . . 468--475
640                 D. E. Ferguson   Buffer Allocation in Merge-Sorting . . . 476--478
641          C. V. Ramamoorthy and   
642                 M. J. Gonzalez   Subexpression ordering in the execution
643                                  of arithmetic expressions  . . . . . . . 479--485
644              D. G. McVitie and   
645                   L. B. Wilson   The Stable Marriage Problem  . . . . . . 486--490
646              D. G. McVitie and   
647                   L. B. Wilson   ACM Algorithm 411: Three Procedures for
648                                  the Stable Marriage Problem  . . . . . . 491--492
649                    J. \vCermak   ACM Algorithm 412: Graph Plotter . . . . 492--493
650
651Communications of the ACM
652Volume 14,  Number 8, August, 1971
653
654                      Anonymous   Papers from the 2nd symposium on
655                                  symbolic and algebraic manipulation  . .   ??
656               Anthony C. Hearn   Applications of Symbolic Manipulation in
657                                  Theoretical Physics  . . . . . . . . . . 511--516
658                A. D. Hall, Jr.   The Altran system for rational function
659                                  manipulation --- a survey  . . . . . . . 517--521
660             Robert R. Fenichel   List Tracing in Systems Allowing
661                                  Multiple Cell Types  . . . . . . . . . . 522--526
662                       J. Moses   Algebraic Simplification: A Guide for
663                                  the Perplexed  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527--537
664                 W. H. Jefferys   Automatic algebraic manipulation in
665                                  celestial mechanics  . . . . . . . . . . 538--541
666                  D. Barton and   
667                    J. P. Fitch   General relativity and the application
668                                  of algebraic manipulative systems  . . . 542--547
669                     Joel Moses   Symbolic Integration: The Stormy Decade  548--560
670
671Communications of the ACM
672Volume 14,  Number 9, September, 1971
673
674               Daniel Teichroew   Education Related to the Use of
675                                  Computers in Organizations . . . . . . . 573--588
676             Sadahiro Isoda and   
677                Eiichi Goto and   
678                   Izumi Kimura   An Efficient Bit Table Technique for
679                                  Dynamic Storage Allocation of $2^n$-word
680                                  Blocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589--592
681                    Keith Paton   Corrigendum: ``An algorithm for the
682                                  blocks and cutnodes of a graph'' . . . . 592--592
683                Eugene Wong and   
684                   T. C. Chiang   Canonical Structure in Attribute Based
685                                  File Organization  . . . . . . . . . . . 593--597
686              David L. Phillips   A note on best one-sided approximations  598--600
687                     W. Liniger   A stopping criterion for the
688                                  Newton-Raphson method in implicit
689                                  multistep integration algorithms for
690                                  nonlinear systems of ordinary
691                                  differential equations . . . . . . . . . 600--601
692                Ivan Flores and   
693                  George Madpis   Average Binary Search Length for Dense
694                                  Ordered Lists  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 602--603
695                 R. R. Fenichel   Comment on Cheney's List-Compaction
696                                  Algorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603--604
697
698Communications of the ACM
699Volume 14,  Number 10, October, 1971
700
701                     Jay Earley   Toward an Understanding of Data
702                                  Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617--627
703         ANSI Subcommittee X3J3   Clarification of Fortran Standards ---
704                                  Second Report  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 628--642
705            A. E. Oldehoeft and   
706                    S. D. Conte   Experiments with an automated
707                                  instructional system for numerical
708                                  methods  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643--650
709                   W. M. Newman   Display procedures . . . . . . . . . . . 651--660
710               A. G. Nemeth and   
711                   P. D. Rovner   User program measurement in a
712                                  time-shared environment  . . . . . . . . 661--666
713             P. J. Courtois and   
714                 F. Heymans and   
715                   D. L. Parnas   Concurrent Control with `Readers' and
716                                  `Writers'  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667--668
717               J. N. Lyness and   
718                       G. Sande   ACM Algorithm 413: ENTCAF and ENTCRE:
719                                  Evaluation of Normalized Taylor
720                                  Coefficients of an Analytic Function
721                                  (C5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669--675
722
723Communications of the ACM
724Volume 14,  Number 11, November, 1971
725
726               P. Branquart and   
727                    J. Lewi and   
728                M. Sintzoff and   
729                    P. L. Wodon   The composition of semantics in Algol 68 697--708
730                  J. W. Hamblen   Using computers in higher education:
731                                  past recommendations, status, and needs  709--712
732                    D. L. Shell   Optimizing the Polyphase Sort  . . . . . 713--719
733                 I. Aramaki and   
734                T. Kawabata and   
735                     K. Arimoto   Automation of etching-pattern layout . . 720--730
736             Michael A. Malcolm   On Accurate Floating-Point Summation . . 731--736
737                G. H. Golub and   
738                    L. B. Smith   ACM Algorithm 414: Chebyshev
739                                  Approximation of Continuous Functions by
740                                  a Chebyshev System of Functions  . . . . 737--746
741
742Communications of the ACM
743Volume 14,  Number 12, December, 1971
744
745                  R. Gordon and   
746                   G. T. Herman   Reconstruction of Pictures from Their
747                                  Projections  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759--768
748               E. L. Amidon and   
749                     G. S. Akin   Algorithmic Selection of the Best Method
750                                  for Compressing Map Data Strings . . . . 769--774
751                James K. Mullin   Retrieval-Update Speed Trade-offs Using
752                                  Combined Indexes . . . . . . . . . . . . 775--776
753                 M. C. Harrison   Implementation of the Substring Test by
754                                  Hashing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777--779
755                 W. A. Wulf and   
756              D. B. Russell and   
757                A. N. Habermann   BLISS: A language for systems
758                                  programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780--790
759                    A. Rochfeld   New LISP Techniques for a Paging
760                                  Environment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 791--795
761             J. W. Blumberg and   
762                    C. R. Foulk   A note on `a modification of Nordsieck's
763                                  method using an ``off-step'' point'  . . 796--796
764        Sven-\AAke A. Gustafson   Rapid Computation of General
765                                  Interpolation Formulas and Mechanical
766                                  Quadrature Rules . . . . . . . . . . . . 797--801
767       Fran\ccois Bourgeois and   
768           Jean-Claude Lassalle   An extension of the Munkres algorithm
769                                  for the assignment problem to
770                                  rectangular matrices . . . . . . . . . . 802--804
771               F. Bourgeois and   
772                 J. C. Lassalle   ACM Algorithm 415: Algorithm for the
773                                  Assignment Problem (Rectangular
774                                  Matrices)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805--806
775           Sven-\AAke Gustafson   ACM Algorithm 416: Rapid Computation of
776                                  Coefficients of Interpolation Formulas
777                                  [E1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 806--807
778           Sven-\AAke Gustafson   ACM Algorithm 417: Rapid Computation of
779                                  Weights of Interpolatory Quadrature
780                                  Rules [D1] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 807--807
781
782Communications of the ACM
783Volume 18,  Number 1, January, 1971
784
785                  A. V. Aho and   
786              P. J. Denning and   
787                   J. D. Ullman   Principles of optimal page replacement   80--93
788
789Communications of the ACM
790Volume 5,  Number 6, June, 1972
791
792              S. C. Johnson and   
793                B. W. Kernighan   Remark on ``CACM Algorithm 397'' . . . .  469
794
795Communications of the ACM
796Volume 8,  Number 9, September, 1972
797
798              R. H. Bartels and   
799                  G. W. Stewart   Algorithm 432: The Solution of the
800                                  Matrix Equation $AX -+BX = C$  . . . . . 820--826
801
802Communications of the ACM
803Volume 15,  Number 1, January, 1972
804
805                     A. M. Lesk   Pictorial pattern recognition and the
806                                  phase problem of X-ray crystallography   3--6
807                    S. Levialdi   On Shrinking Binary Picture Patterns . . 7--10
808                 R. O. Duda and   
809                     P. E. Hart   Use of the Hough transformation to
810                                  detect lines and curves in pictures  . . 11--15
811                E. T. Irons and   
812                   F. M. Djorup   A CRT editing system . . . . . . . . . . 16--20
813                    T. A. Dwyer   Teacher/student authored CAI using the
814                                  NEWBASIC system  . . . . . . . . . . . . 21--28
815                Donald L. Shell   Corrigendum: ``Optimizing the Polyphase
816                                  Sort'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28--28
817              G. I. McCalla and   
818                  J. R. Sampson   MUSE: A Model to Understand Simple
819                                  English  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29--40
820                  R. I. Shrager   Quadratic programming for nonlinear
821                                  regression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41--45
822                   H. E. Salzer   Ordering
823                                  +or-f(+or-f(+or-f(\ldots+or-f(x)\ldots))) when f(x) is positive monotonic  45--46
824                   B. Einarsson   ACM Algorithm 418: Calculation of
825                                  Fourier Integrals  . . . . . . . . . . . 47--48
826
827Communications of the ACM
828Volume 15,  Number 2, February, 1972
829
830                    David Pager   A Proposal for a Computer-Based
831                                  Interactive Scientific Community . . . . 71--75
832                  C. M. Eastman   Preliminary report on a system for
833                                  general space planning . . . . . . . . . 76--87
834               W. A. Martin and   
835                     D. N. Ness   Optimizing Binary Trees Grown with a
836                                  Storing Algorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . 88--93
837            A. E. Oldehoeft and   
838                 M. H. Halstead   Maximum computing power and cost factors
839                                  in the centralization problem  . . . . . 94--96
840              M. A. Jenkins and   
841                    J. F. Traub   ACM Algorithm 419: Zeros of a Complex
842                                  Polynomial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97--99
843                  H. Williamson   ACM Algorithm 420: Hidden-Line Plotting
844                                  Program  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100--103
845                   J. A. Moorer   Music and computer composition . . . . . 104--113
846                Ivan Flores and   
847                  George Madpis   Corrigendum: ``Average Binary Search
848                                  Length for Dense Ordered Lists'' . . . . 113--113
849             Richard Gordon and   
850                Gabor T. Herman   Corrigendum: ``Reconstruction of
851                                  Pictures from Their Projections''  . . . 113--113
852
853Communications of the ACM
854Volume 15,  Number 3, March, 1972
855
856                      Anonymous   Papers from the 3rd ACM symposium on
857                                  operating systems principles . . . . . .   ??
858               D. G. Bobrow and   
859            J. D. Burchfiel and   
860               D. L. Murphy and   
861                R. S. Tomlinson   TENEX, A Paged Time-Sharing System for
862                                  the PDP-10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135--143
863                   B. H. Liskov   The Design of the Venus Operating System 144--149
864              R. Stockton Gains   An operating system based on the concept
865                                  of a supervisory computer  . . . . . . . 150--156
866       Michael D. Schroeder and   
867              Jerome H. Saltzer   A Hardware Architecture for Implementing
868                                  Protection Rings . . . . . . . . . . . . 157--170
869              A. Nico Habermann   Synchronization of Communicating
870                                  Processes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171--176
871             Toby J. Teorey and   
872               Tad B. Pinkerton   A Comparative Analysis of Disk
873                                  Scheduling Policies  . . . . . . . . . . 177--184
874         E. G. Coffman, Jr. and   
875                T. A. Ryan, Jr.   A study of storage partitioning using a
876                                  mathematical model of locality . . . . . 185--190
877           Peter J. Denning and   
878             Stuart C. Schwartz   Properties of the working-set model  . . 191--198
879
880Communications of the ACM
881Volume 15,  Number 4, April, 1972
882
883               R. W. Conway and   
884              W. L. Maxwell and   
885                   H. L. Morgan   On the Implementation of Security
886                                  Measures in Information Systems  . . . . 211--220
887                   D. C. Walden   A system for interprocess communication
888                                  in a resource sharing computer network   221--230
889               N. M. Herbst and   
890                     P. M. Will   An experimental laboratory for pattern
891                                  recognition and signal processing  . . . 231--244
892              Yutaka Matsushita   Hidden lines elimination for a rotating
893                                  object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245--252
894                    S. M. Chase   An implemented graph algorithm for
895                                  winning Shannon Switching Games  . . . . 253--256
896                E. Horowitz and   
897               H. L. Morgan and   
898                     A. C. Shaw   Computers and Society: A Proposed Course
899                                  for Computer Scientists  . . . . . . . . 257--261
900                        H. Kuki   Complex gamma function with error
901                                  control  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262--267
902                    C. B. Moler   Matrix Computations with Fortran and
903                                  Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268--270
904                   Hirondo Kuki   ACM Algorithm 421: Complex Gamma
905                                  Function with Error Control  . . . . . . 271--272
906               V. K. M. Whitney   ACM Algorithm 422: Minimal Spanning Tree 273--274
907                    C. B. Moler   ACM Algorithm 423: Linear Equation
908                                  Solver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274--274
909                   D. C. Walden   A Note on Cheney's Nonrecursive
910                                  List-Compacting Algorithm  . . . . . . . 275--275
911                       T. C. Hu   A Comment on the Double-Chained Tree . . 276--276
912
913Communications of the ACM
914Volume 15,  Number 5, May, 1972
915
916                James K. Mullin   An Improved Indexed-Sequential Access
917                                  Method Using Hashed Overflow . . . . . . 301--307
918              A. Bensoussan and   
919              C. T. Clingen and   
920                    R. C. Daley   The Multics Virtual Memory: Concepts and
921                                  Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308--318
922                R. D. Christman   MUX, a simple approach to on-line
923                                  computing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319--329
924                David L. Parnas   A technique for software module
925                                  specification with examples  . . . . . . 330--336
926            W. Morven Gentleman   Implementing Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature.
927                                  I. Methodology and experience  . . . . . 337--342
928            W. Morvin Gentleman   Implementing Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature.
929                                  II. Computing the cosine transformation  343--346
930               D. Greenspan and   
931                     D. Schultz   Fast finite-difference solution of
932                                  biharmonic problems  . . . . . . . . . . 347--350
933                   C. B. Dunham   Minimax nonlinear approximation by
934                                  approximation on subsets . . . . . . . . 351--351
935                 Richard Harter   The Optimality of Winograd's Formula . . 352--352
936                W. M. Gentleman   ACM Algorithm 424: Clenshaw-Curtis
937                                  Quadrature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353--355
938                R. L. Hurst and   
939                     R. E. Knop   ACM Algorithm 425: Generation of Random
940                                  Correlated Normal Variables  . . . . . . 355--357
941                        C. Bron   ACM Algorithm 426: Merge Sort Algorithm  357--358
942                        P. Linz   ACM Algorithm 427: Fourier Cosine
943                                  Integral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358--360
944                     J. M. Yohe   ACM Algorithm 428: Hu-Tucker Minimum
945                                  Redundancy Alphabetic Coding Method  . . 360--362
946               R. L. Ashenhurst   A report of the ACM curriculum committee
947                                  on computer education for management.
948                                  Curriculum recommendations for graduate
949                                  professional programs in information
950                                  systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363--398
951
952Communications of the ACM
953Volume 15,  Number 6, June, 1972
954
955                  J. Blatny and   
956                S. R. Clark and   
957                   T. A. Rourke   On the optimization of performance of
958                                  time-sharing systems by simulation . . . 411--420
959                   T. R. Spacek   A proposal to establish a pseudo virtual
960                                  memory via writable overlays . . . . . . 421--426
961                 P. Gilbert and   
962                 W. J. Chandler   Interference between Communicating
963                                  Parallel Processes . . . . . . . . . . . 427--437
964                   J. F. Gimpel   Blocks-a new datatype for SNOBOL 4 . . . 438--447
965                David F. Martin   A Boolean matrix method for the
966                                  computation of linear precedence
967                                  functions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448--454
968             Robert T. O'Reagan   Computer Assigned Codes from Verbal
969                                  Responses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455--459
970                      K. Iguchi   A starting method for solving nonlinear
971                                  Volterra integral equations of the
972                                  second kind  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460--461
973                        I. Pohl   A Sorting Problem and Its Complexity . . 462--464
974                   K. S. Kolbig   Certification of algorithm 363 (complex
975                                  error function)  . . . . . . . . . . . . 465--466
976                    H. Niessner   Remark on algorithm 343 (Eigenvalues and
977                                  eigenvectors of a real general matrix)   466--466
978                    L. G. Proll   Remark on ``ACM Algorithm 370 (General
979                                  random number generator) [G5]''  . . . . 467--468
980                  G. F. Schrack   Remark on algorithm 381 (Random vectors
981                                  uniform in solid angle)  . . . . . . . . 468--468
982                  A. H. J. Sale   Remark on algorithm 393 (Special series
983                                  summation with arbitrary precision)  . . 468--469
984                   B. Einarsson   Remark on algorithm 418 (Calculation of
985                                  Fourier integrals) . . . . . . . . . . . 469--469
986              S. C. Johnson and   
987                B. W. Kernighan   Remark on algorithm 397 (An integer
988                                  programming problem) . . . . . . . . . . 469--469
989                 Abraham Kandel   Computer Science --- A Vicious Circle    470--471
990                  E. B. Koffman   Individualizing instruction in a
991                                  generative CAI tutor . . . . . . . . . . 472--473
992              E. N. Houstis and   
993             W. F. Mitchell and   
994                     J. R. Rice   ACM Algorithm 438: Product Type
995                                  Two-point Gauss-Legendre-Simpson's
996                                  Integration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1071
997
998Communications of the ACM
999Volume 15,  Number 7, July, 1972
1000
1001                     Lee Revens   The first twenty-five years ACM
1002                                  1947--1962 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485--490
1003                  Eric A. Weiss   Publications in computing: an informal
1004                                  review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491--497
1005                   A. P. Ershov   Aesthetics and the Human Factor in
1006                                  Programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501--505
1007                      Anonymous   As the industry sees it  . . . . . . . . 506--517
1008               Michael A. Arbib   Toward an Automata Theory of Brains  . . 521--527
1009                Zohar Manna and   
1010                 Jean Vuillemin   Fixpoint Approach to the Theory of
1011                                  Computation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528--536
1012                    J. F. Traub   Numerical Mathematics and Computer
1013                                  Science  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537--541
1014            David F. Shanno and   
1015                  Roman L. Weil   Management science: a view from
1016                                  nonlinear programming  . . . . . . . . . 542--549
1017                     Joel Moses   Toward a General Theory of Special
1018                                  Functions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550--556 (or 550--554??)
1019                   C. C. Foster   A view of computer architecture  . . . . 557--565
1020                   A. G. Fraser   On the interface between computers and
1021                                  data communications systems  . . . . . . 566--573
1022              Per Brinch Hansen   Structured Multiprogramming  . . . . . . 574--578
1023                    W. C. Lynch   Operating system performance . . . . . . 579--585
1024                S. R. Kimbleton   The role of computer system models in
1025                                  performance evaluation . . . . . . . . . 586--590
1026                     Saul Rosen   Programming Systems and Languages
1027                                  (1965--1975) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591--600
1028                 Jean E. Sammet   Programming Languages: History and
1029                                  Future . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601--610
1030                  L. D. Fosdick   The production of better mathematical
1031                                  software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 611--617
1032                   D. G. Bobrow   Requirements for Advanced Programming
1033                                  Systems for List Processing  . . . . . . 618--627
1034             Charles W. Bachman   The Evolution of Storage Structures  . . 628--634
1035                     J. R. Rice   On the present and future of scientific
1036                                  computation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637--639
1037             Robert I. Benjamin   A generational perspective of
1038                                  information system development . . . . . 640--643
1039                  S. Y. Sedelow   Language analysis in the humanities  . . 644--647
1040                     K. L. Zinn   Computers in the instructional process:
1041                                  directions for research and development  648--651
1042                  G. M. Sturman   Computers and urban society  . . . . . . 652--657
1043                      G. Salton   Dynamic document processing  . . . . . . 658--668
1044                Donald E. Knuth   Ancient Babylonian algorithms  . . . . . 671--677
1045                F. L. Bauer and   
1046                 H. Wossner and   
1047                    Konrad Zuse   The ``Plankalkul'' of Konrad Zuse: a
1048                                  forerunner of today's programming
1049                                  languages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678--685
1050             Richard E. Sprague   A Western View of Computer History . . . 686--692
1051                   Franz L. Alt   Archaeology of computers ---
1052                                  reminiscences, 1945--1947  . . . . . . . 693--694
1053                 A. Borodin and   
1054                  C. C. Gotlieb   Computers and employment . . . . . . . . 695--702
1055
1056Communications of the ACM
1057Volume 15,  Number 8, August, 1972
1058
1059                John G. Herriot   In memory of George E. Forsythe  . . . . 719--720
1060                Donald E. Knuth   George Forsythe and the development of
1061                                  Computer Science . . . . . . . . . . . . 721--726
1062                    David Crowe   Generating parsers for affix grammars.
1063                                  Collection of articles in honor of
1064                                  George E. Forsythe (ACM Student
1065                                  Competition Award Papers)  . . . . . . . 728--734
1066           Robert E. Helbig and   
1067             Patrick K. Orr and   
1068             Robert R. Roediger   Political Redistricting by Computer  . . 735--741
1069             Arthur J. Benjamin   Extensible Editor for a Small Machine
1070                                  with Disk Storage  . . . . . . . . . . . 742--747
1071            Robert F. Rosin and   
1072             Gideon Frieder and   
1073       Richard H. Eckhouse, Jr.   Environment for Research in
1074                                  Microprogramming and Emulation . . . . . 748--760
1075                 P. H. Oden and   
1076                  G. S. Shedler   A Model of Memory Contention in a Paging
1077                                  Machine  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761--771
1078            H. J. Bernstein and   
1079                  H. T. Gladwin   Compiling fixed-point multiplications    772--772
1080             W. L. van der Poel   Comment on the composition of semantics
1081                                  in Algol 68  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 772--772
1082           James H. Morris, Jr.   A Bonus from van Wijngaarden's Device    773--773
1083                    P. R. Jones   Comment on average binary search length  774--774
1084             Ronald C. Read and   
1085                      K. Harada   A note on the generation of rosary
1086                                  permutations. With a response by K.
1087                                  Harada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775--775
1088                      W. Squire   ACM Algorithm 429: Localization of the
1089                                  Roots of a Polynomial  . . . . . . . . . 776--777
1090           P. W. Purdom Jr. and   
1091                    E. F. Moore   ACM Algorithm 430: Immediate
1092                                  Predominators in a Directed Graph  . . . 777--778
1093
1094Communications of the ACM
1095Volume 15,  Number 9, September, 1972
1096
1097               K. N. Levitt and   
1098                    W. H. Kautz   Cellular Arrays for the Solution of
1099                                  Graph Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789--801
1100                 Sakti P. Ghosh   File Organization --- The Consecutive
1101                                  Retrieval Property . . . . . . . . . . . 802--808
1102                     M. Mor and   
1103                      T. Lamdan   A New Approach to Automatic Scanning of
1104                                  Contour Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 809--812
1105                Paul L. Richman   Automatic Error Analysis for Determining
1106                                  Precision  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813--817
1107                   A. Ravindran   ACM Algorithm 431: A Computer Routine
1108                                  for Quadratic and Linear Programming
1109                                  Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 818--820
1110              R. H. Bartels and   
1111                  G. W. Stewart   ACM Algorithm 432: Solution of the
1112                                  Matrix Equation
1113                                  ${\bf{A}}x+x{\bf{B}}={\bf{C}}$ . . . . . 820--826
1114                  E. S. Deutsch   Thinning Algorithms on Rectangular,
1115                                  Hexagonal, and Triangular Arrays . . . . 827--837
1116                     J. Gregory   A Comparison of Floating Point Summation
1117                                  Methods  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838--838
1118                Hatem M. Khalil   The eigenproblem of block tridiagonal
1119                                  matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839--839
1120               D. L. Parnas and   
1121            A. N. Habermann and   
1122                     R. C. Holt   Comment on Deadlock Prevention Method    840--841
1123              R. Rubinstein and   
1124                     J. Feldman   A controller for a Braille terminal  . . 841--842
1125                      K. C. Tan   On Foster's Information Storage and
1126                                  Retrieval Using AVL Trees  . . . . . . . 843--843
1127
1128Communications of the ACM
1129Volume 15,  Number 10, October, 1972
1130
1131                 E. W. Dijkstra   The Humble Programmer  . . . . . . . . . 859--866
1132                James B. Morris   Demand Paging Through Utilization of
1133                                  Working Sets on the Maniac II  . . . . . 867--872
1134               J. H. Ahrens and   
1135                      U. Dieter   Computer Methods for Sampling from the
1136                                  Exponential and Normal Distributions . . 873--882
1137              Richard J. Hanson   Integral Equations of Immunology . . . . 883--890
1138          Robert F. Simmons and   
1139                Jonathan Slocum   Generating English Discourse from
1140                                  Semantic Networks  . . . . . . . . . . . 891--905
1141                     Gert Dathe   Conversion of Decision Tables by Rule
1142                                  Mask Method without Rule Mask  . . . . . 906--909
1143               W. D. Frazer and   
1144                     C. K. Wong   Sorting by Natural Selection . . . . . . 910--913
1145                   A. P. Ershov   Corrigendum: ``Aesthetics and the Human
1146                                  Factor in Programming''  . . . . . . . . 913--913
1147                       H. Akima   ACM Algorithm 433: Interpolation and
1148                                  Smooth Curve Fitting Based on Local
1149                                  Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914--918
1150
1151Communications of the ACM
1152Volume 15,  Number 11, November, 1972
1153
1154                    Phyllis Fox   Comparative Study of Computer Programs
1155                                  for Integrating Differential Equations   941--948
1156             Michael A. Malcolm   Algorithms to Reveal Properties of
1157                                  Floating-Point Arithmetic  . . . . . . . 949--951
1158             Merrell L. Patrick   A Highly Parallel Algorithm for
1159                                  Approximating All Zeros of a Polynomial
1160                                  with Only Real Zeros . . . . . . . . . . 952--955
1161               Henry F. Ledgard   Model for Type Checking --- with an
1162                                  Application to Algol 60  . . . . . . . . 956--966
1163                Peter Henderson   Derived Semantics for Some Programming
1164                                  Language Constructs  . . . . . . . . . . 967--973
1165                    M. Verhelst   Conversion of Limited-Entry Decision
1166                                  Tables to Optimal and Near-Optimal
1167                                  Flowcharts: Two New Algorithms . . . . . 974--980
1168                  H. D. Baecker   Garbage Collection for Virtual Memory
1169                                  Computer Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 981--986
1170            John S. Ramberg and   
1171             Bruce W. Schmeiser   Approximate Method for Generating
1172                                  Symmetric Random Variables . . . . . . . 987--990
1173                    D. L. March   ACM Algorithm 434: Exact Probabilities
1174                                  for ${R\times{C}}$ Contingency Tables    991--992
1175                   W. Fullerton   ACM Algorithm 435: Modified Incomplete
1176                                  Gamma Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 993--995
1177                  V. Y. Lum and   
1178                  P. S. T. Yuen   Additional results on key-to-address
1179                                  transform techniques: a fundamental
1180                                  performance study on large existing
1181                                  formatted files  . . . . . . . . . . . . 996--997
1182                     S. Kennedy   A note on optimal doubly-chained trees   997--998
1183        Murray A. Eisenberg and   
1184             Michael R. McGuire   Further comments on Dijkstra's
1185                                  concurrent programming control problem   999--999
1186                  S. W. Smoliar   Comments on Moorer's Music and computer
1187                                  composition  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1000--1001
1188
1189Communications of the ACM
1190Volume 15,  Number 12, December, 1972
1191
1192        J. Richard Phillips and   
1193                    H. C. Adams   Dynamic Partitioning for Array Languages 1023--1032
1194                   R. Bayer and   
1195                    C. Witzgall   Index Ranges for Matrix Calculi  . . . . 1033--1039
1196                 Jay Earley and   
1197                Paul Caizergues   Method for Incrementally Compiling
1198                                  Languages with Nested Statement
1199                                  Structure  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1040--1044
1200                Fabrizio Luccio   Weighted Increment Linear Search for
1201                                  Scatter Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1045--1047
1202                 D. R. Barr and   
1203                   N. L. Slezak   A comparison of multivariate normal
1204                                  generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1048--1049
1205                 John Moore and   
1206              Prentiss Robinson   New Method for the Solution of the
1207                                  Cauchy Problem for Parabolic Equations   1050--1052
1208                   D. L. Parnas   On the Criteria to Be Used in
1209                                  Decomposing Systems into Modules . . . . 1053--1058
1210                    P. J. Brown   Levels of Language for Portable Software 1059--1062
1211            Stephen Sherman and   
1212        Forest Baskett, III and   
1213                   J. C. Browne   Trace-Driven Modeling and Analysis of
1214                                  CPU Scheduling in a Multiprogramming
1215                                  System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1063--1069
1216                   W. R. Boland   ACM Algorithm 436: Product Type
1217                                  Trapezoidal Integration  . . . . . . . . 1070--1070
1218                   W. R. Boland   ACM Algorithm 437: Product Type
1219                                  Simpson's Integration  . . . . . . . . . 1070--1071
1220                   W. R. Boland   ACM Algorithm 439: Product Type
1221                                  Three-point Gauss-Legendre-Simpson's
1222                                  Integration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1072
1223
1224Communications of the ACM
1225Volume 15,  Number 2, February, 1973
1226
1227           Peter J. Denning and   
1228             Stuart C. Schwartz   Corrigendum: ``Properties of the
1229                                  working-set model''  . . . . . . . . . . 191--198
1230
1231Communications of the ACM
1232Volume 16,  Number 1, January, 1973
1233
1234                  G. S. Shedler   A Queuing Model of a Multiprogrammed
1235                                  Computer with a Two-Level Storage System 3--10
1236                    Carter Bays   The Reallocation of Hash-Coded Tables    11--14
1237           James H. Morris, Jr.   Protection in Programming Languages  . . 15--21
1238             Yoichi Muraoka and   
1239                  David J. Kuck   On the Time Required for a Sequence of
1240                                  Matrix Products  . . . . . . . . . . . . 22--26
1241                E. B. James and   
1242                D. P. Partridge   Adaptive Correction of Program
1243                                  Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27--37
1244                  P. L. Richman   Variable-Precision Exponentiation  . . . 38--40
1245                 C. R. Crawford   Reduction of a Band-Symmetric
1246                                  Generalized Eigenvalue Problem . . . . . 41--44
1247               S. E. Blount and   
1248                        L. Fein   The practical aspect of computer science
1249                                  education --- discussion . . . . . . . . 45--46
1250                        C. Bays   A note on when to chain overflow items
1251                                  within a direct-access table . . . . . . 46--47
1252                   M. S. Atkins   Mutual recursion in Algol 60 using
1253                                  restricted compilers . . . . . . . . . . 47--48
1254                 L. J. Gallaher   ACM Algorithm 440: A Multidimensional
1255                                  Monte Carlo Quadrature with Adaptive
1256                                  Stratified Sampling  . . . . . . . . . . 49--50
1257                     R. E. Knop   ACM Algorithm 441: Random samples from
1258                                  the dipole distribution [G5] . . . . . . 51--51
1259                 G. W. Hill and   
1260                    A. W. Davis   ACM Algorithm 442: Normal deviate [S14]  51--52
1261
1262Communications of the ACM
1263Volume 16,  Number 2, February, 1973
1264
1265                  R. D. Merrill   Representation of Contours and Regions
1266                                  for Efficient Computer Search  . . . . . 69--82
1267         S. Crespi-Reghizzi and   
1268            M. A. Melkanoff and   
1269                     L. Lichten   The Use of Grammatical Inference for
1270                                  Designing Programming Languages  . . . . 83--90
1271                   J. F. Gimpel   A Theory of Discrete Patterns and Their
1272                                  Implementation in SNOBOL4  . . . . . . . 91--100
1273                       J. Rokne   Automatic Errorbounds for Simple Zeros
1274                                  of Analytic Functions  . . . . . . . . . 101--104
1275               Richard P. Brent   Reducing the Retrieval Time of Scatter
1276                                  Storage Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . 105--109
1277           Robert M. Graham and   
1278      Gerald J. Clancy, Jr. and   
1279               David B. DeVaney   A software design and evaluation system  110--116
1280                   R. M. Balzer   An overview of the ISPL computer system
1281                                  design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117--122
1282              F. N. Fritsch and   
1283               R. E. Shafer and   
1284                  W. P. Crowley   ACM Algorithm 443: Solution of the
1285                                  Transcendental Equation $w e^w = x$  . . 123--124
1286
1287Communications of the ACM
1288Volume 16,  Number 3, March, 1973
1289
1290         Richard H. Austing and   
1291                Gerald L. Engel   A Computer Science Course Program for
1292                                  Small Colleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139--147
1293               Robert A. Wagner   Common Phrases and Minimum-Space Text
1294                                  Storage  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148--152
1295                Y. Feinroth and   
1296            E. Franceschini and   
1297                   M. Goldstein   Telecommunications Using a Front-End
1298                                  Minicomputer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153--160
1299                Charles D. Pack   The Effects of Multiplexing on a
1300                                  Computer-Communications System . . . . . 161--168
1301          Richard W. Conway and   
1302               Thomas R. Wilcox   Design and Implementation of Diagnostic
1303                                  Compiler for PL/I  . . . . . . . . . . . 169--179
1304                   H. E. Salzer   Gray code and the +or-sign sequence when
1305                                  +or-f(+or-f(+or-f( . . +or-f(x) . . .)))
1306                                  is ordered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180--180
1307              Abraham Bookstein   On Harrison's Substring Testing
1308                                  Technique  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180--181
1309                    W. H. Payne   Graduate Education: The Ph.D. Glut . . . 181--182
1310                   R. A. Wagner   ACM Algorithm 444: An Algorithm for
1311                                  Extracting Phrases in a Space-Optimal
1312                                  Fashion  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183--185
1313                  Shi-Kuo Chang   ACM Algorithm 445: Binary Pattern
1314                                  Reconstruction from Projections  . . . . 185--186
1315                         J. Lau   Binary pattern reconstruction from
1316                                  projections  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186--186
1317
1318Communications of the ACM
1319Volume 16,  Number 4, April, 1973
1320
1321                 A. Hassitt and   
1322          J. W. Lageschulte and   
1323                     L. E. Lyon   Implementation of a High Level Language
1324                                  Machine  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199--212
1325               John G. Williams   Asymmetric Memory Hierarchies  . . . . . 213--222
1326                    H. Kuki and   
1327                     W. J. Cody   A Statistical Study of the Accuracy of
1328                                  Floating Point Number Systems  . . . . . 223--230
1329             W. A. Burkhard and   
1330                   R. M. Keller   Some Approaches to Best-Match File
1331                                  Searching  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230--236
1332       James P. Strong, III and   
1333               Azriel Rosenfeld   A region coloring technique for scene
1334                                  analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237--246
1335      Juan Rodriguez-Rosell and   
1336              Jean-Pierre Dupuy   The design, implementation, and
1337                                  evaluation of a working set dispatcher   247--253
1338                     R. Broucke   ACM Algorithm 446: Ten Subroutines for
1339                                  the Manipulation of Chebyshev Series . . 254--256
1340              L. C. Ragland and   
1341                     D. I. Good   Greatest common divisor of $n$ integers
1342                                  and multipliers  . . . . . . . . . . . . 257--257
1343
1344Communications of the ACM
1345Volume 16,  Number 5, May, 1973
1346
1347                    David Pager   On the Problem of Communicating Complex
1348                                  Information  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275--281
1349                   David W. Low   Programming by Questionnaire: an
1350                                  Effective Way to Use Decision Tables . . 282--286
1351              P. J. H. King and   
1352                  R. G. Johnson   Some Comments on the Use of Ambiguous
1353                                  Decision Tables and Their Conversion to
1354                                  Computer Programs  . . . . . . . . . . . 287--290
1355                   John Salasin   Hierarchical Storage in Information
1356                                  Retrieval  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291--295
1357              D. G. Corneil and   
1358              C. C. Gotlieb and   
1359                      Y. M. Lee   Minimal Event-Node Network of Project
1360                                  Precedence Relations . . . . . . . . . . 296--298
1361              Andrew Mercer and   
1362               Azriel Rosenfeld   An array grammar programming system  . . 299--305
1363             Edward M. Reingold   A Nonrecursive List Moving Algorithm . . 305--307
1364                         H. Vos   Coulomb wave functions . . . . . . . . . 308--309
1365                       G. Bayer   Maxflow  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309--309
1366                B. Holmgren and   
1367                    A. Kolm and   
1368                   D. Obradovic   Minit algorithm for linear programming   310--310
1369                   D. Obradovic   Minit algorithm for linear programming   310--310
1370                   J. A. Howell   Exact solution of linear equations using
1371                                  residue arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . . 311--311
1372                  A. H. J. Sale   A sparse matrix package  . . . . . . . . 311--311
1373                  R. E. Wheeler   Increasing the efficiency of quicksort   311--311
1374                      M. K. Roy   Reflection-free permutations, rosary
1375                                  permutations and adjacent transposition
1376                                  algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312--312
1377                 C. H. McMorrow   Concerning music and computer
1378                                  composition in computational linguistics 313--313
1379                R. L. Wexelblat   Another comment on computer music  . . . 313--314
1380                   R. G. Estell   A comment on the practical aspects of
1381                                  computer science education . . . . . . . 314--315
1382               Roger Fajman and   
1383                   John Borgelt   WYLBUR, An Interactive Text Editing and
1384                                  Remote Job Entry System  . . . . . . . . 314--322
1385              Dennis J. Frailey   A Practical Approach to Managing
1386                                  Resources and Avoiding Deadlocks . . . . 323--329
1387
1388Communications of the ACM
1389Volume 16,  Number 6, June, 1973
1390
1391                   R. G. Hamlet   Efficient multiprogramming resource
1392                                  allocation and accounting  . . . . . . . 337--342
1393                 E. Gelenbe and   
1394         J. C. A. Boekhorst and   
1395               J. L. W. Kessels   Minimizing wasted space in partitioned
1396                                  segmentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343--349
1397                     J. C. Hill   Synchronizing processors with
1398                                  memory-content-generated interrupts  . . 350--351
1399            Harold S. Stone and   
1400               Samuel F. Fuller   On the Near-Optimality of the
1401                                  Shortest-Latency-Time-First Drum
1402                                  Scheduling Discipline  . . . . . . . . . 352--353
1403              P. F. Stockhausen   Adapting optimal code generation for
1404                                  arithmetic expressions to the
1405                                  instruction sets available on
1406                                  present-day computers  . . . . . . . . . 353--354
1407                     R. F. Ling   A computer generated aid for cluster
1408                                  analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355--361
1409                Ben Shneiderman   Optimum Data Base Reorganization Points  362--365
1410                      H. Strunz   The development of decision tables via
1411                                  parsing of complex decision situations   366--369
1412                  James R. Bell   Threaded Code  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370--372
1413                J. Hopcroft and   
1414                      R. Tarjan   ACM Algorithm 447: Efficient Algorithms
1415                                  for Graph Manipulation . . . . . . . . . 372--378
1416                   T. Beyer and   
1417                D. F. Swinehart   ACM Algorithm 448: Number of
1418                                  Multiply-Restricted Partitions . . . . . 379--379
1419                J. Ferguson and   
1420                   P. A. Staley   Least squares piecewise cubic curve
1421                                  fitting  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380--382
1422                  W. D. Hoskins   Cubic spline solutions to fourth-order
1423                                  boundary value problems  . . . . . . . . 382--385
1424               Franz L. Alt and   
1425               Judith Yuni Kirk   Computer Photocomposition of Technical
1426                                  Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386--391
1427
1428Communications of the ACM
1429Volume 16,  Number 7, July, 1973
1430
1431               Richard L. Nolan   Managing the Computer Resource: Stage
1432                                  Hypothesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399--405
1433                    J. C. Huang   A Note on Information Organization and
1434                                  Storage  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406--410
1435      Edward W. Kozdrowicki and   
1436               Dennis W. Cooper   COKO III: the Cooper-Koz Chess Program   411--427 (or 411--426??)
1437            John H. Howard, Jr.   Mixed Solutions for the Deadlock Problem 427--430
1438                   Erol Gelenbe   Distribution of a Program in Primary and
1439                                  Fast Buffer Storage  . . . . . . . . . . 431--434
1440                Robert F. Rosin   Teaching ``About Programming'' . . . . . 435--439
1441         F. Warren McFarlan and   
1442               Richard L. Nolan   Curriculum Recommendations for Graduate
1443                                  Professional Programs in Information
1444                                  Systems: Recommended Addendum on
1445                                  Information Systems Administration . . . 439--442 (or 439--441??)
1446                      A. Kandel   Computer Science --- Seminars for
1447                                  Undergraduates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442--442
1448                 G. V. Bochmann   Multiple Exits from a Loop Without the
1449                                  GOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443--444
1450             Patrick A. V. Hall   Equivalence Between AND/OR Graphs and
1451                                  Context-Free Grammars  . . . . . . . . . 444--445
1452                       F. Fiala   ACM Algorithm 449: Solution of Linear
1453                                  Programming Problems in 0-1 Variables    445--448 (or 445--447??)
1454                B. W. Kernighan   Remark on ``Algorithm 422: Minimal
1455                                  Spanning Tree''  . . . . . . . . . . . . 448--448
1456           I. D. G. Macleod and   
1457                  A. M. Collins   Hidden-line plotting program . . . . . . 448--448
1458                  P. J. Nikolai   DIFSUB for solution of ordinary
1459                                  differential equations . . . . . . . . . 448--448
1460
1461Communications of the ACM
1462Volume 16,  Number 8, August, 1973
1463
1464               Michael H. Smith   A learning program which plays
1465                                  partnership dominoes . . . . . . . . . . 462--467
1466                B. J. MacLennan   Fen --- an Axiomatic Basis for Program
1467                                  Semantics  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468--474
1468                  David Misunas   Petri Nets and Speed Independent Design  474--482 (or 474--481??)
1469                 M. MacHura and   
1470                      A. Mulawa   ACM Algorithm 450: Rosenbrock Function
1471                                  Minimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482--483
1472                R. B. Goldstein   ACM Algorithm 451: Chi-Square Quantiles  483--485
1473                  C. N. Liu and   
1474                     D. T. Tang   ACM Algorithm 452: Enumerating
1475                                  Combinations of $m$ Out of $n$ Objects   485--485
1476                Robert Piessens   ACM Algorithm 453: Gaussian Quadrature
1477                                  Formulas for Bromwich's Integral . . . . 486--487
1478           J. A. Richardson and   
1479                  J. L. Kuester   ACM Algorithm 454: The Complex Method
1480                                  for Constrained Optimization . . . . . . 487--489
1481              G. Andrejkova and   
1482                       J. Vinar   Complex gamma function . . . . . . . . . 489--489
1483                R. M. De Morgan   Remark on ``Algorithm 357 [A1]: An
1484                                  Efficient Prime Number Generator'' . . . 489--489
1485                  R. P. Watkins   Graph plotter  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 489--490
1486                    J. G. Byrne   Hu-Tucker minimum redundancy alphabetic
1487                                  coding method  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490--490
1488                     A. J. Good   Clenshaw-Curtis quadrature . . . . . . . 490--490
1489                 E. J. Williams   Localization of the roots of a
1490                                  polynomial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490--490
1491                Zohar Manna and   
1492               Stephen Ness and   
1493                 Jean Vuillemin   Inductive Methods for Proving Properties
1494                                  of Programs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491--502
1495             W. W. Peterson and   
1496                  T. Kasami and   
1497                      N. Tokura   On the Capabilities of While, Repeat,
1498                                  and Exit Statements  . . . . . . . . . . 503--512
1499               Caxton C. Foster   A Generalization of AVL Trees  . . . . . 513--517
1500
1501Communications of the ACM
1502Volume 16,  Number 9, September, 1973
1503
1504               Jeffrey P. Buzen   Computational Algorithms for Closed
1505                                  Queueing Networks with Exponential
1506                                  Servers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527--531
1507               S. Ganapathy and   
1508                   V. Rajaraman   Information Theory Applied to the
1509                                  Conversion of Decision Tables to
1510                                  Computer Programs  . . . . . . . . . . . 532--539
1511            Alfonso F. Cardenas   Evaluation and Selection of File
1512                                  Organization --- A Model and a System    540--548
1513                    R. G. Casey   Design of Tree Structures for Efficient
1514                                  Querying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 549--556
1515          Juan Rodriguez-Rosell   Empirical Working Set Behavior . . . . . 556--560
1516          Geoffrey W. Gates and   
1517             David A. Poplawski   A simple technique for structured
1518                                  variable lookup  . . . . . . . . . . . . 561--565
1519                M. V. Zelkowitz   Reversible Execution . . . . . . . . . . 566--566
1520         Robert E. Barnhill and   
1521               David T. Pilcher   Sard kernels for certain bivariate
1522                                  cubatures  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567--571 (or 567--570??)
1523               D. B. Hunter and   
1524                 J. M. Williams   ACM Algorithm 455: Analysis of Skew
1525                                  Representations of the Symmetric Group   571--572
1526                 Zden\vek Fencl   ACM Algorithm 456: Routing Problem . . . 572--574
1527                  Coen Bron and   
1528                  Joep Kerbosch   ACM Algorithm 457: Finding All Cliques
1529                                  of an Undirected Graph . . . . . . . . . 575--577
1530                      M. K. Roy   Remark on ``Algorithm 323 [G6]:
1531                                  Generation of Permutations in
1532                                  Lexicographic Order''  . . . . . . . . . 577--578
1533                Mohit Kumar Roy   Remark on ``Algorithm 323 [G6]:
1534                                  Generation of Permutations in
1535                                  Lexicographic Order''  . . . . . . . . . 577--578
1536                 E. E. Lawrence   A sparse matrix package. I . . . . . . . 578--578
1537                  H. Williamson   Hidden-line plotting program . . . . . . 578--579
1538             H. B. Driessen and   
1539                E. W. LeM. Hunt   Localization of the roots of a
1540                                  polynomial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579--579
1541
1542Communications of the ACM
1543Volume 16,  Number 10, October, 1973
1544
1545              John S. McGeachie   Multiple Terminals Under User Program
1546                                  Control in a Time-Sharing Environment    587--590
1547           Daniel G. Bobrow and   
1548                   Ben Wegbreit   A Model and Stack Implementation of
1549                                  Multiple Environments  . . . . . . . . . 591--603
1550                 Vincent Y. Lum   General Performance Analysis of
1551                                  Key-to-Address Transformation Methods
1552                                  Using an Abstract File Concept . . . . . 603--612
1553              Butler W. Lampson   A Note on the Confinement Problem  . . . 613--615
1554           Daniel S. Hirschberg   A Class of Dynamic Memory Allocation
1555                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615--618
1556               Barton G. Prieve   Using Page Residency to Select the
1557                                  Working Set Parameter  . . . . . . . . . 619--620
1558            Robert E. Millstein   Control Structures in Illiac IV Fortran  621--627
1559               P. D. Robers and   
1560                   S. S. Robers   ACM Algorithm 458: Discrete Linear
1561                                  ${L}_1$ Approximation by Interval Linear
1562                                  Programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 629--631
1563                    M. M. Syslo   ACM Algorithm 459: The Elementary
1564                                  Circuits of a Graph  . . . . . . . . . . 632--633
1565             Paul E. Saylor and   
1566             James D. Sebastian   ACM Algorithm 460: Calculation of
1567                                  Optimum Parameters for Alternating
1568                                  Direction Implicit Procedures  . . . . . 633--635
1569            F. J. Burkowski and   
1570                  W. D. Hoskins   ACM Algorithm 461: Cubic Spline
1571                                  Solutions to a Class of Functional
1572                                  Differential Equations . . . . . . . . . 635--637
1573                 T. G. Donnelly   ACM Algorithm 462: Bivariate Normal
1574                                  Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638--638
1575                   C. R. Lewart   ACM Algorithm 463: Algorithms SCALE1,
1576                                  SCALE2, and SCALE3 for Determination of
1577                                  Scales on Computer Generated Plots . . . 639--640
1578
1579Communications of the ACM
1580Volume 16,  Number 11, November, 1973
1581
1582             Charles W. Bachman   The Programmer as Navigator  . . . . . . 653--658
1583                    R. S. Fabry   Dynamic Verification of Operating System
1584                                  Decisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 659--668
1585             M. D. Mickunas and   
1586                V. B. Schneider   Parser-Generating System for
1587                                  Constructing Compressed Compilers  . . . 669--676
1588          B. W. Jordan, Jr. and   
1589                  R. C. Barrett   Scan Conversion Algorithm with Reduced
1590                                  Storage Requirements . . . . . . . . . . 676--682
1591            James R. Slagle and   
1592                Lewis M. Norton   Experiments with an Automatic
1593                                  Theorem-Prover Having Partial Ordering
1594                                  Inference Rules  . . . . . . . . . . . . 682--688
1595                  C. H. Reinsch   ACM Algorithm 464: Eigenvalues of a Real
1596                                  Symmetric Tridiagonal Matrix . . . . . . 689--689
1597                     G. W. Hill   ACM Algorithm 465: Student's $t$
1598                                  Frequency  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690--690
1599                     G. Ehrlich   ACM Algorithm 466: Four Combinatorial
1600                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690--691
1601                     N. Brenner   ACM Algorithm 467: Matrix Transposition
1602                                  in Place . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692--694
1603             T. N. L. Patterson   ACM Algorithm 468: Algorithm for
1604                                  Automatic Numerical Integration Over a
1605                                  Finite Interval  . . . . . . . . . . . . 694--699
1606                     C. Lam and   
1607                       J. McKay   ACM Algorithm 469: Arithmetic Over a
1608                                  Finite Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699--699
1609           Peter J. Denning and   
1610                G. Scott Graham   A Note on Subexpression Ordering in the
1611                                  Execution of Arithmetic Expressions  . . 700--702
1612          Jerome A. Feldman and   
1613               James R. Low and   
1614                    R. P. Brent   Comment on Brent's scatter storage
1615                                  algorithm (and author's reply) . . . . . 703--703
1616                      E. Wegner   Tree-structured programs . . . . . . . . 704--705
1617              Herbert E. Salzer   A recurrence scheme for converting from
1618                                  one orthogonal expansion into another    705--707
1619                     F. Stenger   An algorithm for the approximate
1620                                  solution of Wiener-Hopf integral
1621                                  equations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708--710
1622                  L. W. Ehrlich   Solving the Biharmonic Equation in a
1623                                  Square: a Direct Versus a Semidirect
1624                                  Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711--714
1625
1626Communications of the ACM
1627Volume 16,  Number 12, December, 1973
1628
1629               J. Daniel Couger   Curriculum Recommendations for
1630                                  Undergraduate Programs in Information
1631                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727--749
1632            Edgar H. Sibley and   
1633               Robert W. Taylor   A Data Definition and Mapping Language   750--759
1634                     M. Kubicek   ACM Algorithm 470: Linear Systems with
1635                                  Almost Tridiagonal Matrix  . . . . . . . 760--761
1636                    W. Gautschi   ACM Algorithm 471: Exponential Integrals 761--763
1637              J. G. Herriot and   
1638                  C. H. Reinsch   ACM Algorithm 472: Procedures for
1639                                  Natural Spline Interpolation . . . . . . 763--768
1640
1641Communications of the ACM
1642Volume 17,  Number 1, January, 1974
1643
1644                        G. Lyon   Syntax-directed least-errors analysis
1645                                  for context-free languages: a practical
1646                                  approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--14
1647         Michael A. Malcolm and   
1648                    John Palmer   A Fast Method For Solving a Class of
1649                                  Tridiagonal Systems of Linear Equations  14--17
1650                       H. Akima   A method of bivariate interpolation and
1651                                  smooth surface fitting based on local
1652                                  procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18--20
1653            Norman E. Gibbs and   
1654          William G. Poole, Jr.   Tridiagonalization by Permutations . . . 20--24
1655                    R. Piessens   ACM Algorithm 473: Computation of
1656                                  Legendre Series Coefficients . . . . . . 25--25
1657                       H. Akima   ACM Algorithm 474: Bivariate
1658                                  Interpolation and Smooth Surface Fitting
1659                                  Based on Local Procedures  . . . . . . . 26--31
1660         Ivan E. Sutherland and   
1661                Gary W. Hodgman   Reentrant Polygon Clipping . . . . . . . 32--42
1662              P. J. H. King and   
1663                  R. G. Johnson   Comments on the algorithms of Verhelst
1664                                  for the conversion of limited-entry
1665                                  decision tables to flowcharts (and
1666                                  author's reply)  . . . . . . . . . . . . 43--45
1667                  Gary D. Knott   A Numbering System for Combinations  . . 45--46
1668               H. C. Lucas, Jr.   A CRT report generating system . . . . . 47--48
1669
1670Communications of the ACM
1671Volume 17,  Number 2, February, 1974
1672
1673      James B. Rothnie, Jr. and   
1674                   Tomas Lozano   Attribute Based File Organization in a
1675                                  Paged Memory Environment . . . . . . . . 63--69
1676          B. W. Jordan, Jr. and   
1677                  R. C. Barrett   A cell organized raster display for line
1678                                  drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70--77
1679            John S. Ramberg and   
1680             Bruce W. Schmeiser   An Approximate Method for Generating
1681                                  Asymmetric Random Variables  . . . . . . 78--82
1682                 Leslie Lamport   The Parallel Execution of DO Loops . . . 83--93
1683               Henry F. Ledgard   Production Systems: or can we do better
1684                                  than BNF?  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94--102
1685                   Ben Wegbreit   The Synthesis of Loop Predicates . . . . 102--112
1686
1687Communications of the ACM
1688Volume 17,  Number 3, March, 1974
1689
1690             K. Sreenivasan and   
1691                 A. J. Kleinman   On the Construction of a Representative
1692                                  Synthetic Workload . . . . . . . . . . . 127--133
1693               E. Balkovich and   
1694                    W. Chiu and   
1695                 L. Presser and   
1696                        R. Wood   Dynamic Memory Repacking . . . . . . . . 133--138
1697              Howard Lee Morgan   Optimal Space Allocation on Disk Storage
1698                                  Devices  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139--142
1699                  Rudolf Loeser   Some Performance Tests of ``Quicksort''
1700                                  and Descendants  . . . . . . . . . . . . 143--152
1701                      T. Wright   Visible surface plotting program . . . . 152--157 (or 152--155??)
1702               N. E. Bosten and   
1703                 E. L. Battiste   Incomplete beta ratio  . . . . . . . . . 156--157
1704              R. C. Barrett and   
1705              B. W. Jordan, Jr.   Scan Conversion Algorithms for a Cell
1706                                  Organized Raster Display . . . . . . . . 157--163
1707              A. Frank Ackerman   Quadratic Search for Hash Tables of Size
1708                                  $p^n$  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164--164
1709                Harold S. Stone   A note on a combinatorial problem of
1710                                  Burnett and Coffman  . . . . . . . . . . 165--166
1711                  Fred T. Krogh   Efficient Implementation of a Variable
1712                                  Projection Algorithm for Nonlinear Least
1713                                  Squares Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . 167--169
1714
1715Communications of the ACM
1716Volume 17,  Number 4, April, 1974
1717
1718              Jerome H. Saltzer   A Simple Linear Model of Demand Paging
1719                                  Performance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181--186
1720             M. A. Franklin and   
1721                    R. K. Gupta   Computation of Page Fault Probability
1722                                  from Program Transition Diagram  . . . . 186--191
1723                  John W. Boyse   Execution Characteristics of Programs in
1724                                  a Page-On-Demand System  . . . . . . . . 192--196
1725               Graham Smith and   
1726                  Ian M. Sefton   On Lions' Counter Example for Gotlieb's
1727                                  Method for the Construction of School
1728                                  Timetables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196--197
1729                 Gary Lindstrom   Copying List Structures Using Bounded
1730                                  Workspace  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198--202
1731                    Shimon Even   Parallelism in Tape-Sorting  . . . . . . 202--204
1732           H. C. Lucas, Jr. and   
1733           D. B. Montgomery and   
1734                 J. C. Larreche   A study of computer use in a graduate
1735                                  school of business . . . . . . . . . . . 205--206
1736              Peter Freeman and   
1737         Michael A. Malcolm and   
1738               William H. Payne   Graduate Education: The Ph.D. Glut:
1739                                  Response and Rebuttal  . . . . . . . . . 206--207
1740             T. D. Sterling and   
1741                  S. V. Pollack   Ideal teaching machines --- a solution
1742                                  to the pedagogic language problem  . . . 207--208
1743                 P. W. Abrahams   Some remarks on lookup of structured
1744                                  variables  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209--210
1745                     A. Balfour   An alternative approach to mutual
1746                                  recursion in Algol 60 using restricted
1747                                  compilers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210--210
1748               R. C. T. Lee and   
1749                C. L. Chang and   
1750                R. J. Waldinger   An Improved Program-Synthesizing
1751                                  Algorithm and its Correctness  . . . . . 211--217
1752                    A. K. Cline   Scalar- and planar-valued curve fitting
1753                                  using splines under tension. I . . . . . 218--220
1754                    A. K. Cline   ACM Algorithm 476: Six Subprograms for
1755                                  Curve Fitting Using Splines Under
1756                                  Tension  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220--223 (or 220--221??)
1757                     G. Ehrlich   ACM Algorithm 477: Generator of
1758                                  Set-Partitions to Exactly ${R}$ Subsets  224--225
1759                   B. Einarsson   Solution of the transcendental equation
1760                                  we/sup w/=x  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225--225
1761
1762Communications of the ACM
1763Volume 17,  Number 5, May, 1974
1764
1765                      Mary Shaw   Reduction of Compilation Costs Through
1766                                  Language Contraction . . . . . . . . . . 245--250
1767                   Ben Wegbreit   The treatment of data types in EL1 . . . 251--264
1768               Robert A. Wagner   Order-$n$ Correction for Regular
1769                                  Languages  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265--268
1770                  Nai Kuan Tsao   On the Distributions of Significant
1771                                  Digits and Roundoff Errors . . . . . . . 269--271
1772           M. C. Wunderlich and   
1773                J. L. Selfridge   Design for a Number Theory Package with
1774                                  an Optimized Trial Division Routine  . . 272--276
1775            W. M. Gentleman and   
1776                 S. B. Marovich   More on Algorithms that Reveal
1777                                  Properties of Floating Point Arithmetic
1778                                  Units  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276--277
1779                 D. E. Gold and   
1780                     D. J. Kuck   A Model for Masking Rotational Latency
1781                                  by Dynamic Disk Allocation . . . . . . . 278--288
1782
1783Communications of the ACM
1784Volume 17,  Number 6, June, 1974
1785
1786              Jacques Cohen and   
1787                 Carl Zuckerman   Two Languages for Estimating Program
1788                                  Efficiency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301--308
1789                L. Henschen and   
1790           Ross A. Overbeek and   
1791                         L. Wos   A Theorem-Proving Language for
1792                                  Experimentation  . . . . . . . . . . . . 308--314
1793                James F. Gimpel   The minimization of
1794                                  spatially-multiplexed character sets . . 315--318
1795               I. Barrodale and   
1796               F. D. K. Roberts   ACM Algorithm 478: Solution of an
1797                                  Overdetermined System of Equations in
1798                                  the ${L_1}$ Norm . . . . . . . . . . . . 319--320
1799                     R. L. Page   ACM Algorithm 479: A Minimal Spanning
1800                                  Tree Clustering Method . . . . . . . . . 321--323
1801                     B. Gaither   Hidden-line plotting program . . . . . . 324--324
1802                    R. Piessens   Calculation of Fourier integrals . . . . 324--324
1803                    R. Piessens   Modified Havie integration . . . . . . . 324--324
1804                 T. M. R. Ellis   Hidden-line plotting program . . . . . . 324--325
1805                     R. L. Page   Generation of random correlated normal
1806                                  variables  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325--325
1807                  D. M. Boulton   Exact probabilities for R*C contingency
1808                                  tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326--326
1809                    W. D. Slysz   An evaluation of software in the social
1810                                  sciences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326--332
1811                 John Adams and   
1812                      John Gary   Compact Representation of Contour Plots
1813                                  for Phone Line Transmission  . . . . . . 333--336
1814                    W. Wulf and   
1815                   E. Cohen and   
1816                  W. Corwin and   
1817                   A. Jones and   
1818                   R. Levin and   
1819                 C. Pierson and   
1820                     F. Pollack   HYDRA: The Kernel of a Multiprocessor
1821                                  Operating System . . . . . . . . . . . . 337--345
1822              Ian J. Barton and   
1823           Susan E. Creasey and   
1824           Michael F. Lynch and   
1825               Michael J. Snell   An Information-Theoretic Approach to
1826                                  Text Searching in Direct Access Systems  345--350
1827                 Edward Minieka   On Computing Sets of Shortest Paths in a
1828                                  Graph  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351--353
1829
1830Communications of the ACM
1831Volume 17,  Number 7, July, 1974
1832
1833          Dennis M. Ritchie and   
1834                   Ken Thompson   The UNIX Time-Sharing System . . . . . . 365--375
1835               Samuel H. Fuller   Minimal-Total-Processing Time Drum and
1836                                  Disk Scheduling Disciplines  . . . . . . 376--381
1837                   J. Bruno and   
1838         E. G. Coffman, Jr. and   
1839                       R. Sethi   Scheduling Independent Tasks To Reduce
1840                                  Mean Finishing Time  . . . . . . . . . . 382--387
1841              Jerome H. Saltzer   Protection and the Control of
1842                                  Information Sharing in Multics . . . . . 388--402
1843                    R. S. Fabry   Capability-Based Addressing  . . . . . . 403--412
1844            Gerald J. Popek and   
1845             Robert P. Goldberg   Formal Requirements for Virtualizable
1846                                  Third Generation Architectures . . . . . 412--421
1847
1848Communications of the ACM
1849Volume 17,  Number 8, August, 1974
1850
1851                     Bruce Hahn   A New Technique for Compression and
1852                                  Storage of Data  . . . . . . . . . . . . 434--436
1853          Arthur Evans, Jr. and   
1854         William Kantrowitz and   
1855                    Edwin Weiss   A User Authentication Scheme Not
1856                                  Requiring Secrecy in the Computer  . . . 437--442
1857                George B. Purdy   A High Security Log-in Procedure . . . . 442--445
1858       Theodore D. Friedman and   
1859               Lance J. Hoffman   Execution Time Requirements for
1860                                  Encipherment Programs  . . . . . . . . . 445--449
1861              G. A. Neufeld and   
1862                      J. Tartar   Graph Coloring Conditions for the
1863                                  Existence of Solutions to the Timetable
1864                                  Problem  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450--453
1865                 Leslie Lamport   A New Solution of Dijkstra's Concurrent
1866                                  Programming Problem  . . . . . . . . . . 453--455
1867               John C. Cavouras   On the Conversion of Programs to
1868                                  Decision Tables: Method and Objectives   456--462
1869                   T. Lyche and   
1870                L. L. Schumaker   ACM Algorithm 480: Procedures for
1871                                  Computing Smoothing and Interpolating
1872                                  Natural Splines  . . . . . . . . . . . . 463--467
1873                 K. C. Crandall   ACM Algorithm 481: Arrow to Precedence
1874                                  Network Transformation . . . . . . . . . 467--469
1875                 John McKay and   
1876                     E. Regener   ACM Algorithm 482: Transitivity Sets
1877                                  [G7] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470--470
1878                   A. H. Stroud   Gauss Harmonic Interpolation Formulas    471--475
1879           Rolf O. E. Lagerloef   Interpolation with Rounded Ramp
1880                                  Functions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476--479
1881                Forman S. Acton   Recurrence Relations for the Fresnel
1882                                  Integral
1883                                  $\int_0^\infty[\exp(-ct)dt/(t)^{1/2}(1+t^2)]$ and Similar Integrals  480--481
1884
1885Communications of the ACM
1886Volume 17,  Number 9, September, 1974
1887
1888                  I. M. Willers   A New Integration Algorithm for Ordinary
1889                                  Differential Equations Based on
1890                                  Continued Fraction Approximations  . . . 504--508
1891                  Oliver Aberth   A Precise Numerical Analysis Program . . 509--513
1892                 To-yat. Cheung   Interactive Graphic Display for Region
1893                                  Partitioning by Linear Programming . . . 513--516
1894               Mario Schkolnick   The Equivalence of Reducing Transition
1895                                  Languages and Deterministic Languages    517--519
1896                  S. L. Watkins   ACM Algorithm 483: Masked
1897                                  Three-Dimensional Plot Program with
1898                                  Rotations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520--523
1899                  K. H. Burrell   ACM Algorithm 484: Evaluation of the
1900                                  Modified Bessel Functions ${K}_0(z)$ and
1901                                  ${K}_1(z)$ for Complex Arguments . . . . 524--526
1902               H. D. Eidson and   
1903                L. L. Schumaker   ACM Algorithm 485: Computation of
1904                                  $g$-Splines via a Factorization Method   526--530
1905                  John W. Young   A First Order Approximation to the
1906                                  Optimum Checkpoint Interval  . . . . . . 530--531
1907                 Keith Shwayder   Extending the Information Theory
1908                                  Approach to Converting Limited-Entry
1909                                  Decision Tables to Computer Programs . . 532--537
1910
1911Communications of the ACM
1912Volume 17,  Number 10, October, 1974
1913
1914                 C. A. R. Hoare   Monitors: An Operating System
1915                                  Structuring Concept  . . . . . . . . . . 549--557
1916            Kenneth K. Shen and   
1917              James L. Peterson   A Weighted Buddy Method for Dynamic
1918                                  Storage Allocation . . . . . . . . . . . 558--568 (or 558--562??)
1919                D. R. Slutz and   
1920                  I. L. Traiger   A note on the calculation of average
1921                                  working set size . . . . . . . . . . . . 563--565
1922            Ben Shneiderman and   
1923              Peter Scheuermann   Structured Data Structures . . . . . . . 566--574
1924              R. H. Canaday and   
1925             R. D. Harrison and   
1926                 E. L. Ivie and   
1927                J. L. Ryder and   
1928                     L. A. Wehr   A Back-end Computer for Data Base
1929                                  Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575--583 (or 575--582??)
1930                 A. Charnes and   
1931                W. M. Raike and   
1932                J. D. Stutz and   
1933                  A. S. Walters   On Generation of Test Problems for
1934                                  Linear Programming Codes . . . . . . . . 583--587 (or 583--586??)
1935                     F. Veillon   ACM Algorithm 486: Numerical Inversion
1936                                  of Laplace Transform . . . . . . . . . . 587--589 (or 587--588??)
1937                   H. Koppelaar   Certification and remark on algorithm
1938                                  191  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589--590
1939                    L. G. Proll   A computer routine for quadratic and
1940                                  linear programming problems  . . . . . . 590--590
1941                  J. Klemes and   
1942                      J. Klemsa   Rosenbrock function minimization . . . . 590--591
1943                  Fred T. Krogh   Errata: ``Efficient Implementation of a
1944                                  Variable Projection Algorithm for
1945                                  Nonlinear Least Squares''  . . . . . . . 591--591
1946            Bruce Gilchrist and   
1947               Richard E. Weber   Enumerating Full-Time Programmers  . . . 592--593
1948
1949Communications of the ACM
1950Volume 17,  Number 11, November, 1974
1951
1952            Theodor D. Sterling   Guidelines for Humanizing Computerized
1953                                  Information Systems, A Report from
1954                                  Stanley House  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 609--613
1955               Domenico Ferrari   Improving Locality by Critical Working
1956                                  Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614--620
1957            Perry Lowell Miller   A locally-organized parser for spoken
1958                                  input  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621--630
1959                  Gary M. Rader   Method for Composing Simple Traditional
1960                                  Music by Computer  . . . . . . . . . . . 631--638
1961            R. A. Freiburghouse   Register Allocation via Usage Counts . . 638--642
1962                 E. W. Dijkstra   Self-stabilizing Systems in Spite of
1963                                  Distributed Control  . . . . . . . . . . 643--644
1964                J. A. Brown and   
1965                      B. Werner   An on-site data management system
1966                                  application in field archaeology . . . . 644--646
1967                   D. R. Hanson   A simple technique for representing
1968                                  strings in Fortran IV  . . . . . . . . . 646--647
1969           C. J. Van Rijsbergen   The best-match problem in document
1970                                  retrieval  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648--649
1971                    R. V. Evans   Multiple exits from a loop using neither
1972                                  GO TO nor labels . . . . . . . . . . . . 650--650
1973
1974Communications of the ACM
1975Volume 17,  Number 12, December, 1974
1976
1977                Donald E. Knuth   Computer Programming as an Art . . . . . 667--673
1978              Laurance I. Press   Arguments for a Moratorium on the
1979                                  Construction of a Community Information
1980                                  Utility  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674--678
1981                  J. C. Strauss   An analytic model of the Hasp execution
1982                                  task monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679--685
1983             Thomas L. Adam and   
1984               K. M. Chandy and   
1985                  J. R. Dickson   A Comparison of List Schedules for
1986                                  Parallel Processing Systems  . . . . . . 685--690
1987                  N. D. Wallace   Computer Generation of Gamma Random
1988                                  Variates with Non-Integral Shape
1989                                  Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 691--695
1990                 A. Salazar and   
1991                  R. V. Oakford   A Graph Formulation of a School
1992                                  Scheduling Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . 696--698
1993            Sherwood C. Chu and   
1994                   Mones Berman   An Exponential Method for the Solution
1995                                  of Systems of Ordinary Differential
1996                                  Equations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699--702
1997                    J. Pomeranz   ACM Algorithm 487: Exact Cumulative
1998                                  Distribution of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov
1999                                  Statistic for Small Samples  . . . . . . 703--704
2000                    R. P. Brent   ACM Algorithm 488: A Gaussian
2001                                  pseudo-random number generator [G5]  . . 704--706 (or 704--705??)
2002             C. William Skinner   Heuristic Approach to Inductive
2003                                  Inference in Fact Retrieval Systems  . . 707--712
2004
2005Communications of the ACM
2006Volume 21,  Number 1, January, 1974
2007
2008                       D. Mitra   Some Aspects of Hierarchical Memory
2009                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54--65
2010
2011Communications of the ACM
2012Volume 6,  Number 10, October, 1975
2013
2014                R. E. Millstein   Control Structures in Illiac IV Fortran  157--164
2015                T. Sterling and   
2016                     V. Lum and   
2017                     N. Shu and   
2018                      B. Housel   CONVERT: A High Level Translation
2019                                  Definition Language for Data Conversion  557--567
2020
2021Communications of the ACM
2022Volume 18,  Number 1, January, 1975
2023
2024                 Aaron Finerman   Professionalism in the Computing Field   4--9
2025                    F. L. Bauer   Positivity and Norms . . . . . . . . . . 9--13
2026                      John Todd   The Lemniscate Constants . . . . . . . . 14--19
2027                  G. Peters and   
2028                J. H. Wilkinson   On the Stability of Gauss-Jordan
2029                                  Elimination with Pivoting  . . . . . . . 20--24
2030               Garrett Birkhoff   Two Hadamard Numbers for Matrices  . . . 25--29
2031               A. van der Sluis   Perturbations of Eigenvalues of
2032                                  Non-Normal Matrices  . . . . . . . . . . 30--36
2033              Marvin Marcus and   
2034               Herbert Robinson   Elementary Divisors of Tensor Products   36--39
2035             Magnus R. Hestenes   Pseudoinverses and Conjugate Gradients   40--43
2036                Harlan D. Mills   The New Math of Computer Programming . . 43--48
2037              Tien Chi Chen and   
2038                   Irving T. Ho   Storage-Efficient Representation of
2039                                  Decimal Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49--52
2040                 Werner Liniger   Connections Between Accuracy and
2041                                  Stability Properties of Linear Multistep
2042                                  Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53--56
2043              Richard J. Hanson   Stably Updating Mean and Standard
2044                                  Deviation of Data  . . . . . . . . . . . 57--58
2045
2046Communications of the ACM
2047Volume 18,  Number 2, February, 1975
2048
2049                  John McCarthy   Proposed Criterion for a Cipher to be
2050                                  Probable-Word Proof  . . . . . . . . . .   ??
2051              G. J. Burnett and   
2052             E. G. Coffman, Jr.   Analysis of Interleaved Memory Systems
2053                                  Using Blockage Buffers . . . . . . . . . 91--95
2054                Neil M. Goldman   Sentence Paraphrasing from a Conceptual
2055                                  Base . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--106
2056       Gordon J. VanderBrug and   
2057                    Jack Minker   State-Space, Problem-Reduction, and
2058                                  Theorem Proving --- Some Relationships   107--115
2059              Carolyn Kimme and   
2060               Dana Ballard and   
2061                  Jack Sklansky   Finding Circles by an Array of
2062                                  Accumulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120--122
2063
2064Communications of the ACM
2065Volume 18,  Number 3, March, 1975
2066
2067             H. C. Johnston and   
2068                 C. A. R. Hoare   Matrix Reduction --- an Efficient Method
2069                                  (school timetables)  . . . . . . . . . . 141--150
2070         Brian W. Kernighan and   
2071              Lorinda L. Cherry   A System for Typesetting Mathematics . . 151--157
2072               D. H. Lawrie and   
2073                  T. Layman and   
2074                    D. Baer and   
2075                   J. M. Randal   GLYPNIR --- A programming language for
2076                                  Illiac IV  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157--164
2077            Robert W. Floyd and   
2078               Ronald L. Rivest   Expected Time Bounds for Selection . . . 165--172
2079                R. W. Floyd and   
2080                   R. L. Rivest   ACM Algorithm 489: The Algorithm SELECT
2081                                  -- for Finding the $i$th Smallest of $n$
2082                                  Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173--173
2083              A. M. Erisman and   
2084                   W. F. Tinney   On Computing Certain Elements of the
2085                                  Inverse of a Sparse Matrix . . . . . . . 177--179
2086                 L. F. Shampine   Discrete Least Squares Polynomial Fits   179--180
2087               A. van der Sluis   Corrigendum: ``Perturbations of
2088                                  eigenvalues of non-normal matrices'' . .  180
2089                   D. L. Parnas   On a Solution to the Cigarette Smoker's
2090                                  Problem (Without Conditional Statements) 181--183
2091
2092Communications of the ACM
2093Volume 18,  Number 4, April, 1975
2094
2095           Jack A. Chambers and   
2096                   Ray V. Poore   Computer Networks in Higher Education:
2097                                  Socio-Economic-Political Factors . . . . 193--199
2098             E. S. Ginsberg and   
2099                  D. Zaborowski   ACM Algorithm 490: The Dilogarithm
2100                                  Function of a Real Argument  . . . . . . 200--202
2101                 K. K. Shen and   
2102                 J. L. Peterson   Corrigendum: ``A Weighted Buddy Method
2103                                  for Dynamic Storage Allocation'' . . . . 202--202
2104                   Graham Smith   On Maintenance of the Opportunity List
2105                                  for Class-Teacher Timetable Problems . . 203--208
2106                    I. C. Braid   The Synthesis of Solids Bounded by Many
2107                                  Faces  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209--216
2108              Vladimir Batagelj   Quadratic Hash Method When the Table
2109                                  Size is not a Prime Number . . . . . . . 216--217
2110           Henry S. Warren, Jr.   A Modification of Warshall's Algorithm
2111                                  for the Transitive Closure of Binary
2112                                  Relations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218--220
2113                 James A. Hinds   Algorithm for Locating Adjacent Storage
2114                                  Blocks in the Buddy System . . . . . . . 221--222
2115            Jean G. Vaucher and   
2116                   Pierre Duval   A Comparison of Simulation Event List
2117                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223--230
2118         Robert R. Korfhage and   
2119                David W. Matula   On Salazar and Oakford . . . . . . . . . 240--240
2120           Michael R. Garey and   
2121               David S. Johnson   On Salazar and Oakford . . . . . . . . . 240--241
2122
2123Communications of the ACM
2124Volume 18,  Number 5, May, 1975
2125
2126                David A. Fisher   Copying Cyclic List Structures in Linear
2127                                  Time Using Bounded Workspace . . . . . . 251--252
2128            Alfonso F. Cardenas   Analysis and Performance of Inverted
2129                                  Data Base Structures . . . . . . . . . . 253--263
2130                   Yorick Wilks   An intelligent analyzer and understander
2131                                  of English . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264--274
2132                    N. E. Gibbs   ACM Algorithm 491: Basic Cycle
2133                                  Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275--276 (or 275--275??)
2134                D. J. Evans and   
2135                 M. Hatzopoulos   A note on the LU factorization of a
2136                                  symmetric matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . 278--279
2137                      B. L. Fox   More on $k$th Shortest Paths . . . . . . 279--279
2138                A. I. Wasserman   A problem-list of public policy issues
2139                                  concerning computers and health care . . 279--280
2140                Harlan D. Mills   Corrigendum: ``The New Math of Computer
2141                                  Programming''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280--280
2142             Steven L. Horowitz   Syntactic Algorithm for Peak Detection
2143                                  in Waveforms with Applications to
2144                                  Cardiography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281--285
2145         Charles E. Pfefferkorn   Heuristic Problem Solving Design System
2146                                  for Equipment or Furniture Layouts . . . 286--297
2147         Robert R. Korfhage and   
2148                David W. Matula   More on the Salazar and Oakford Paper    303--303
2149
2150Communications of the ACM
2151Volume 18,  Number 6, June, 1975
2152
2153                    N. E. Gibbs   ACM Algorithm 492: Generation of All the
2154                                  Cycles of a Graph from a Set of Basic
2155                                  Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310--310
2156                Bui Tuong Phong   Illumination for Computer Generated
2157                                  Pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311--317
2158                  V. Y. Lum and   
2159                M. E. Senko and   
2160                 C. P. Wang and   
2161                        H. Ling   A Cost Oriented Algorithm for Data Set
2162                                  Allocation in Storage Hierarchies  . . . 318--322
2163             Alan F. Babich and   
2164                John Grason and   
2165                David L. Parnas   Significant Event Simulation . . . . . . 323--329
2166             Robert B. K. Dewar   Indirect Threaded Code . . . . . . . . . 330--331
2167               Ben Cranston and   
2168                    Rick Thomas   Simplified Recombination Scheme for the
2169                                  Fibonacci Buddy System . . . . . . . . . 331--332
2170              Alfred V. Aho and   
2171           Margaret J. Corasick   Efficient String Matching: an Aid to
2172                                  Bibliographic Search . . . . . . . . . . 333--340
2173               D. S. Hirschberg   A Linear Space Algorithm for Computing
2174                                  Maximal Common Subsequences  . . . . . . 341--343
2175                  Stephen Soule   Addition in an Arbitrary Base Without
2176                                  Radix Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . 344--346
2177               L. H. Harper and   
2178                T. H. Payne and   
2179               J. E. Savage and   
2180                      E. Straus   Sorting $X + Y$  . . . . . . . . . . . . 347--350 (or 347--349??)
2181                  F. Paul Wyman   Improved Event-Scanning Mechanisms for
2182                                  Discrete Event Simulation  . . . . . . . 350--353
2183            Donald E. Knuth and   
2184           Charles T. Zahn, Jr.   Ill-Chosen Use of ``Event''  . . . . . . 360--360
2185
2186Communications of the ACM
2187Volume 18,  Number 7, July, 1975
2188
2189                 P. J. Courtois   Decomposability, Instabilities, and
2190                                  Saturation in Multiprogramming Systems   371--377
2191                  Soren Lauesen   A large semaphore based operating system 377--389
2192                Naomi Sager and   
2193                 Ralph Grishman   Restriction Language for Computer
2194                                  Grammars of Natural Language . . . . . . 390--400
2195               D. L. Parnas and   
2196                D. P. Siewiorek   Use of the Concept of Transparency in
2197                                  the Design of Hierarchically Structured
2198                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401--408
2199                 H. Freeman and   
2200                     R. Shapira   Determining the Minimum-Area Encasing
2201                                  Rectangle for an Arbitrary Closed Curve  409--413
2202               Daniel G. Bobrow   A Note on Hash Linking . . . . . . . . . 413--415
2203                R. E. Weber and   
2204                   B. Gilchrist   Discrimination in the employment of
2205                                  women in the computer industry . . . . . 416--418
2206
2207Communications of the ACM
2208Volume 18,  Number 8, August, 1975
2209
2210                  John E. Shore   On the External Storage Fragmentation
2211                                  Produced by First-Fit and Best-Fit
2212                                  Allocation Strategies  . . . . . . . . . 433--440
2213                  A. V. Aho and   
2214              S. C. Johnson and   
2215                   J. D. Ullman   Deterministic Parsing of Ambiguous
2216                                  Grammars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441--452
2217             Edsger W. Dijkstra   Guarded Commands, Nondeterminacy and
2218                                  Formal Derivation of Programs  . . . . . 453--457
2219                   L. W. Cotton   Remark on stably updating mean and
2220                                  standard deviation of data . . . . . . . 458--458
2221          Stuart C. Shapiro and   
2222              Stanley C. Kwasny   Interactive Consulting via Natural
2223                                  Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 459--462
2224                      John Todd   Corrigendum: ``The Lemniscate
2225                                  Constants''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462--462
2226              J. G. Vaucher and   
2227                       P. Duval   Corrigendum: ``A comparison of
2228                                  simulation event list algorithms'' . . . 462--462
2229                    A. J. Smith   Comments on a paper by T. C. Chen and I.
2230                                  T. Ho  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463--463
2231                 Sakti P. Ghosh   Consecutive Storage of Relevant Records
2232                                  with Redundancy  . . . . . . . . . . . . 464--471
2233                 Leslie Lamport   Multiple Byte Processing with Full-Word
2234                                  Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471--475
2235                 Keith Shwayder   Combining Decision Rules in a Decision
2236                                  Table  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476--480
2237
2238Communications of the ACM
2239Volume 18,  Number 9, September, 1975
2240
2241             Guy L. Steele, Jr.   Multiprocessing Compactifying Garbage
2242                                  Collection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495--508
2243              Jon Louis Bentley   Multidimensional Binary Search Trees
2244                                  Used for Associative Searching . . . . . 509--517
2245               R. Mark Claudson   Digital Simulation of River Plankton
2246                                  Population Dynamics  . . . . . . . . . . 517--523
2247           William F. Piepmeier   Optimal Balancing of I/O Requests to
2248                                  Disks  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524--527
2249                   Ben Wegbreit   Mechanical Program Analysis  . . . . . . 528--539
2250
2251Communications of the ACM
2252Volume 18,  Number 10, October, 1975
2253
2254                  Rob Gerritsen   A Preliminary System for the Design of
2255                                  DBTG Data Structures . . . . . . . . . . 551--557
2256                 Nan C. Shu and   
2257           Barron C. Housel and   
2258                 Vincent Y. Lum   CONVERT: A High Level Translation
2259                                  Definition Language for Data Conversion  557--567
2260           John Miles Smith and   
2261          Philip Yen-Tang Chang   Optimizing the Performance of a
2262                                  Relational Algebra Data Base Interface   568--579
2263             M. M. Astrahan and   
2264               D. D. Chamberlin   Implementation of a Structured English
2265                                  Query Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580--588
2266                  Fanica Gavril   Merging with Parallel Processors . . . . 588--591
2267                  M. Reiser and   
2268                   H. Kobayashi   Horner's Rule for the Evaluation of
2269                                  General Closed Queueing Networks . . . . 592--593
2270
2271Communications of the ACM
2272Volume 18,  Number 11, November, 1975
2273
2274                  G. Salton and   
2275                    A. Wong and   
2276                     C. S. Yang   A Vector Space Model for Automatic
2277                                  Indexing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613--620
2278           Raymond F. Boyce and   
2279       Donald D. Chamberlin and   
2280         W. Frank King, III and   
2281              Michael M. Hammer   Specifying Queries as Relational
2282                                  Expressions: The Square Data Sublanguage 621--628
2283           Henry F. Ledgard and   
2284               Michael Marcotty   A genealogy of control structures  . . . 629--639
2285            Susan L. Graham and   
2286               Steven P. Rhodes   Practical Syntactic Error Recovery . . . 639--650 (or 639--649??)
2287            James R. Bitner and   
2288             Edward M. Reingold   Backtrack Programming Techniques . . . . 651--656
2289            Lawrence T. Kou and   
2290                     C. K. Wong   A Note on the Set Basis Problem Related
2291                                  to the Compaction of Character Sets  . . 656--657
2292
2293Communications of the ACM
2294Volume 18,  Number 12, December, 1975
2295
2296                     Peter Naur   Programming Languages, Natural
2297                                  Languages, and Mathematics . . . . . . . 676--683
2298             John B. Goodenough   Exception Handling: Issues and a
2299                                  Proposed Notation  . . . . . . . . . . . 683--696
2300             Mehdi Jazayeri and   
2301           William F. Ogden and   
2302              William C. Rounds   The Intrinsically Exponential Complexity
2303                                  of the Circularity Problem for Attribute
2304                                  Grammars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697--706
2305         Harry B. Hunt, III and   
2306        Thomas G. Szymanski and   
2307              Jeffrey D. Ullman   On the Complexity of LR(k) Testing . . . 707--716
2308            Susan L. Graham and   
2309                    Mark Wegman   A fast and usually linear algorithm for
2310                                  global flow analysis . . . . . . . . . . 716--716
2311              Richard J. Lipton   Reduction: A Method of Proving
2312                                  Properties of Parallel Programs  . . . . 717--721
2313                 J. T. Schwartz   Automatic Data Structure Choice in a
2314                                  Language of Very High Level  . . . . . . 722--728
2315
2316Communications of the ACM
2317Volume 19,  Number 1, January, 1976
2318
2319          Leonard Kleinrock and   
2320          William E. Naylor and   
2321               Holger Opderbeck   A Study of Line Overhead in the ARPANET  3--13
2322                Neil C. Wilhelm   An Anomaly in Disk Scheduling: A
2323                                  Comparison of FCFS and SSTF Seek
2324                                  Scheduling Using an Empirical Model for
2325                                  Disk Accesses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13--18 (or 13--17??)
2326                Carson E. Agnew   On Quadratic Adaptive Routing Algorithms 18--22
2327              P. L. Karlton and   
2328               S. H. Fuller and   
2329              R. E. Scroggs and   
2330                  E. B. Kaehler   Performance of Height-Balanced Trees . . 23--28
2331                J. J. Florentin   Information Reference Coding . . . . . . 29--33
2332         Charles R. Litecky and   
2333                Gordon B. Davis   Study of Errors, Error-Proneness, and
2334                                  Error Diagnosis in Cobol . . . . . . . . 33--37
2335
2336Communications of the ACM
2337Volume 19,  Number 2, February, 1976
2338
2339                Donald E. Knuth   Errata: ``Ancient Babylonian
2340                                  algorithms''
2341             Gregor V. Bochmann   Semantic Evaluation from Left to Right   55--62
2342               Ronald L. Rivest   On Self-Organizing Sequential Search
2343                                  Heuristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63--67
2344                     F. M. Ives   Permutation Enumeration: Four New
2345                                  Permutation Algorithms . . . . . . . . . 68--72
2346               Alberto Martelli   Application of Heuristic Search Methods
2347                                  to Edge and Contour Detection  . . . . . 73--83
2348               Kenneth F. Siler   A Stochastic Evaluation Model for
2349                                  Database Organizations in Data Retrieval
2350                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84--95
2351                   Ronald Fagin   A Counterintuitive Example of Computer
2352                                  Paging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96--97
2353                 Ehud Artzy and   
2354             James A. Hinds and   
2355                  Harry J. Saal   A Fast Division Technique for Constant
2356                                  Divisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98--101
2357
2358Communications of the ACM
2359Volume 19,  Number 3, March, 1976
2360
2361               Allen Newell and   
2362               Herbert A. Simon   Computer Science as Empirical Inquiry:
2363                                  Symbols and Search . . . . . . . . . . . 113--126
2364              Jair M. Babad and   
2365               Mario M. Modiano   Joining Policies in a Multipriority
2366                                  Multiclass Batch Computer System . . . . 127--136
2367                F. E. Allen and   
2368                       J. Cocke   A Program Data Flow Analysis Procedure   137--147 (or 137--146??)
2369                 Naftaly Minski   Intentional Resolution of Privacy
2370                                  Protection in Database Systems . . . . . 148--159
2371                     M. Naftaly   Intentional resolution of privacy
2372                                  protection in database systems . . . . . 148--159
2373
2374Communications of the ACM
2375Volume 19,  Number 4, April, 1976
2376
2377                    O. R. Smoot   Development of an international system
2378                                  for legal protection of computer
2379                                  programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171--174
2380               Bennet P. Lientz   A comparative evaluation of versions of
2381                                  BASIC  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175--181
2382                     J. Raymond   LG: A language for analytic geometry . . 182--187
2383                   Ronald Fagin   Corrigendum: ``A Counterintuitive
2384                                  Example of Computer Paging'' . . . . . .  187
2385                Shmuel Katz and   
2386                    Zohar Manna   Logical Analysis of Programs . . . . . . 188--206
2387
2388Communications of the ACM
2389Volume 19,  Number 5, May, 1976
2390
2391             Dorothy E. Denning   A Lattice Model of Secure Information
2392                                  Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236--243
2393             Jonathan K. Millen   Security Kernel Validation in Practice   243--250
2394          Butler W. Lampson and   
2395              Howard E. Sturgis   Reflections on an Operating System
2396                                  Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251--265
2397            A. N. Habermann and   
2398              Lawrence Flon and   
2399                  Lee Cooprider   Modularization and Hierarchy in a Family
2400                                  of Operating Systems . . . . . . . . . . 266--272
2401                 John H. Howard   Proving Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . 273--279 (or 273--278??)
2402               Susan Owicki and   
2403                    David Gries   Verifying Properties of Parallel
2404                                  Programs: An Axiomatic Approach  . . . . 279--285
2405           A. Wayne Madison and   
2406                 Alan P. Batson   Characteristics of Program Localities    285--294
2407           Barton G. Prieve and   
2408                    R. S. Fabry   VMIN --- an Optimal Variable-Space Page
2409                                  Replacement Algorithm  . . . . . . . . . 295--297
2410              Wesley W. Chu and   
2411               Holger Opderbeck   Analysis of the PFF Replacement
2412                                  Algorithm via a Semi-Markov Model  . . . 298--304
2413
2414Communications of the ACM
2415Volume 19,  Number 6, June, 1976
2416
2417              O. E. Taulbee and   
2418                    S. D. Conte   Production and employment of Ph.D.'s in
2419                                  computer science . . . . . . . . . . . . 311--313
2420        Dennis G. Severance and   
2421               Ricardo A. Duhne   A Practitioner's Guide to Addressing
2422                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314--326
2423             Forest Baskett and   
2424                 Alan Jay Smith   Interference in Multiprocessor Computer
2425                                  Systems with Interleaved Memory  . . . . 327--334
2426             Gideon Frieder and   
2427                  Harry J. Saal   Process for the Determination of
2428                                  Addresses in Variable Length Addressing  335--338
2429                  David S. Wise   Referencing Lists by an Edge . . . . . . 338--342
2430          Helmut Schumacher and   
2431              Kenneth C. Sevcik   The synthetic approach to decision table
2432                                  conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343--351
2433               Douglas W. Clark   An Efficient List Moving Algorithm Using
2434                                  constant Workspace . . . . . . . . . . . 352--354 (or 353--354??)
2435             Guy L. Steele, Jr.   Corrigendum: ``Multiprocessing
2436                                  Compactifying Garbage Collection'' . . . 354--354
2437                  Gary D. Knott   A Numbering System for Permutations of
2438                                  Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355--356
2439
2440Communications of the ACM
2441Volume 19,  Number 7, July, 1976
2442
2443                S. D. Conte and   
2444                 M. H. Halstead   Technology of Computer Center
2445                                  Management: a Proposed Course for
2446                                  Graduate Professional Programs in
2447                                  Computer Science or in Information
2448                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369--370
2449               Robert M. Keller   Formal Verification of Parallel Programs 371--384
2450                  James C. King   Symbolic Execution and Program Testing   385--394
2451         Robert M. Metcalfe and   
2452                 David R. Boggs   Ethernet: Distributed Packet Switching
2453                                  for Local Computer Networks  . . . . . . 395--404
2454            Cheng-Wen Cheng and   
2455                    Jonas Rabin   Synthesis of Decision Rules  . . . . . . 404--406
2456              George S. Fishman   Sampling from the Gamma-distribution on
2457                                  a computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407--409
2458                      Kurt Maly   Compressed Tries . . . . . . . . . . . . 409--415
2459                  Warren Burton   A buddy system variation for disk
2460                                  storage allocation . . . . . . . . . . . 416--417
2461                   G. H. Gonnet   Heaps applied to event driven mechanisms 417--418
2462
2463Communications of the ACM
2464Volume 19,  Number 8, August, 1976
2465
2466                John J. Donovan   Tools and Philosophy for Software
2467                                  Education  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430--436
2468                  R. D. Tennent   The Denotational Semantics of
2469                                  Programming Languages  . . . . . . . . . 437--453
2470                 James H. Clark   Designing Surfaces in 3-D  . . . . . . . 454--460
2471        Michael A. Harrison and   
2472            Walter L. Ruzzo and   
2473              Jeffrey D. Ullman   Protection in Operating Systems  . . . . 461--471
2474               D. S. Hirschberg   An Insertion Technique for One-Sided
2475                                  Height-Balanced Trees  . . . . . . . . . 471--473
2476
2477Communications of the ACM
2478Volume 19,  Number 9, September, 1976
2479
2480              Wesley W. Chu and   
2481               Holger Opderbeck   Corrigendum: ``Analysis of the PFF
2482                                  replacement algorithm via a semi-Markov
2483                                  model''
2484                   Ben Wegbreit   Corrigendum: ``Faster Retrieval from
2485                                  Context Trees''  . . . . . . . . . . . .   ??
2486               Philip L. Wadler   Analysis of an Algorithm for Real Time
2487                                  Garbage Collection . . . . . . . . . . . 491--500
2488                    Chee K. Yap   New Upper Bounds for Selection . . . . . 501--508
2489                Michael C. Loui   Weighted Derivation Trees  . . . . . . . 509--513
2490              Kenneth G. Walter   Recursion Analysis for Compiler
2491                                  Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 514--516
2492            James R. Bitner and   
2493             Gideon Ehrlich and   
2494             Edward M. Reingold   Efficient Generation of the Binary
2495                                  Reflected Gray Code and Its Applications 517--521
2496           L. Peter Deutsch and   
2497               Daniel G. Bobrow   An Efficient, Incremental, Automatic
2498                                  Garbage Collector  . . . . . . . . . . . 522--526
2499                   Ben Wegbreit   Faster Retrieval from Context Trees  . . 526--529
2500
2501Communications of the ACM
2502Volume 19,  Number 10, October, 1976
2503
2504             James F. Blinn and   
2505               Martin E. Newell   Texture and Reflection in Computer
2506                                  Generated Images . . . . . . . . . . . . 542--547
2507                 James H. Clark   Hierarchical Geometric Models for
2508                                  Visible Surface Algorithms . . . . . . . 547--554
2509                Joshua Z. Levin   A Parametric Algorithm for Drawing
2510                                  Pictures of Solid Objects Composed of
2511                                  Quadric Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . 555--563
2512                 N. Burtnyk and   
2513                        M. Wein   Interactive Skeleton Techniques for
2514                                  Enhancing Motion Dynamics in Key Frame
2515                                  Animation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564--569
2516                 James W. Frane   The BMD and BMDP Series of Statistical
2517                                  Computer Programs  . . . . . . . . . . . 570--576
2518              C. Duong-Kien and   
2519             H.-J. Hoffmann and   
2520                        D. Muth   An improvement to Martin's algorithm for
2521                                  computation of linear precedence
2522                                  functions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576--577
2523 Richard G. Montanelli, Jr. and   
2524               Sandra A. Mamrak   Status of Women and Minorities in
2525                                  Academic Computer Science  . . . . . . . 578--581
2526
2527Communications of the ACM
2528Volume 19,  Number 11, November, 1976
2529
2530                     D. T. Ross   Homilies for humble standards (computer
2531                                  applications)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 595--600
2532           Henry F. Ledgard and   
2533                William C. Cave   Cobol Under Control  . . . . . . . . . . 601--608
2534           Thomas R. Wilcox and   
2535              Alan M. Davis and   
2536             Michael H. Tindall   Design and Implementation of a Table
2537                                  Driven, Interactive Diagnostic
2538                                  Programming System . . . . . . . . . . . 609--616
2539                    Frank Rubin   Experiments in Text File Compression . . 617--623 (or 617--622??)
2540              K. P. Eswaran and   
2541                 J. N. Gray and   
2542                R. A. Lorie and   
2543                  I. L. Traiger   The notions of consistency and predicate
2544                                  locks in a database system . . . . . . . 624--633
2545                K. Maruyama and   
2546                    S. E. Smith   Optimal Reorganization of Distributed
2547                                  Space Disk Files . . . . . . . . . . . . 634--642
2548              Richard G. Hamlet   High-Level Binding with Low-Level
2549                                  Linkers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642--644
2550
2551Communications of the ACM
2552Volume 19,  Number 12, December, 1976
2553
2554                 Jean E. Sammet   Roster of Programming Languages for
2555                                  1974--75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 655--669
2556                 Bruce W. Arden   The Computer Science and Engineering
2557                                  Research Study (COSERS)  . . . . . . . . 670--673
2558       J. F. Nunamaker, Jr. and   
2559     Benn R. Konsynski, Jr. and   
2560                  Thomas Ho and   
2561                    Carl Singer   Computer-Aided Analysis and Design of
2562                                  Information Systems  . . . . . . . . . . 674--687
2563            George Stockman and   
2564               Laveen Kanal and   
2565                     M. C. Kyle   Structural Pattern Recognition of
2566                                  Carotid Pulse Waves Using a General
2567                                  Waveform Parsing System  . . . . . . . . 688--695
2568
2569Communications of the ACM
2570Volume 20,  Number 1, January, 1977
2571
2572               Allen van Gelder   Structured programming in COBOL: an
2573                                  approach for application programmers . . 2--12
2574         Richard H. Austing and   
2575            Bruce H. Barnes and   
2576                Gerald L. Engel   A Survey of the Literature in Computer
2577                                  Science Education Since Curriculum '68   13--21
2578                  Jair M. Babad   A Record and File Partitioning Model . . 22--31 (or 22--30??)
2579          Albert L. Zobrist and   
2580      Frederick R. Carlson, Jr.   Detection of Combined Occurrences  . . . 31--36 (or 31--35??)
2581               A. P. Batson and   
2582                 R. E. Brundage   Segment Sizes and Lifetimes in Algol 60
2583                                  Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36--44
2584                    David Gries   On Believing Programs to be Correct  . . 49--50
2585
2586Communications of the ACM
2587Volume 20,  Number 2, February, 1977
2588
2589               Mervin E. Muller   An Approach to Multidimensional Data
2590                                  Array Processing by Computer . . . . . . 63--77
2591           Douglas W. Clark and   
2592               C. Cordell Green   An Empirical Study of List Structure in
2593                                  LISP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78--87
2594            F. P. Preparata and   
2595                     S. J. Hong   Convex Hulls of Finite Sets of Points in
2596                                  Two and Three Dimensions . . . . . . . . 87--93
2597               M. C. Easton and   
2598                  B. T. Bennett   Transient-Free Working-Set Statistics    93--99
2599                 Jack Bresenham   A Linear Algorithm for Incremental
2600                                  Digital Display of Circular Arcs . . . . 100--106
2601        Thoddi C. T. Kotiah and   
2602             David I. Steinberg   Occurrences of Cycling and Other
2603                                  Phenomena Arising in a Class of Linear
2604                                  Programming Models . . . . . . . . . . . 107--112
2605                  Gary D. Knott   A Numbering System for Binary Trees  . . 113--115
2606
2607Communications of the ACM
2608Volume 20,  Number 3, March, 1977
2609
2610                 Philip Clapson   Improving the Access Time for Random
2611                                  Access Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127--135
2612                   C. T. Yu and   
2613                      G. Salton   Effective Information Retrieval Using
2614                                  Term Accuracy  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135--142
2615                    Amund Lunde   Empirical Evaluation of Some Features of
2616                                  Instruction Set Processor Architectures  143--153
2617                R. M. Brown and   
2618               J. C. Browne and   
2619                   K. M. Chandy   Memory Management and Response Time  . . 153--165
2620                  Warren Burton   Representation of Many-Sided Polygons
2621                                  and Polygonal Lines for Rapid Processing 166--171
2622            H. B. Hunt, III and   
2623            T. G. Szymanski and   
2624                   J. D. Ullman   Operations on Sparse Relations . . . . . 171--176
2625               Richard L. Nolan   Effects of Chargeout on User/Manager
2626                                  Attitudes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177--185
2627            Israel Borovits and   
2628                 Philip Ein-Dor   Cost/utilization: A measure of system
2629                                  performance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185--191
2630                        C. Bays   A comparison of next-fit, first-fit, and
2631                                  best-fit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191--192
2632               Eberhard Bertsch   The storage requirement in precedence
2633                                  parsing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192--196 (or 192--194??)
2634
2635Communications of the ACM
2636Volume 20,  Number 4, April, 1977
2637
2638       James H. Morris, Jr. and   
2639                   Ben Wegbreit   Subgoal Induction  . . . . . . . . . . . 209--222
2640         Steven L. Tanimoto and   
2641            Theodosios Pavlidis   Editing of Picture Segmentations Using
2642                                  Local Analysis of Graphs . . . . . . . . 223--229
2643            Nicholas V. Findler   Studies in Machine Cognition Using the
2644                                  Game of Poker  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230--245
2645                K. Maruyama and   
2646                    S. E. Smith   Analysis of Design Alternatives for
2647                                  Virtual Memory Indexes . . . . . . . . . 245--254
2648        Henry C. Lucas, Jr. and   
2649                Jimmy A. Sutton   Stage Hypothesis and the S-Curve: Some
2650                                  Contradictory Evidence . . . . . . . . . 254--259
2651                      S. B. Yao   Approximating block accesses in database
2652                                  organizations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260--261
2653                C. R. Hollander   Remark on uniform insertion on
2654                                  structured data structures . . . . . . . 261--262
2655            S. K. Bandyopadhyay   Comment on weighted increment linear
2656                                  search for scatter tables  . . . . . . . 262--263
2657             C. D. Thompson and   
2658                     H. T. Kung   Sorting on a Mesh-Connected Parallel
2659                                  Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263--271
2660          Lawrence Robinson and   
2661                 Karl N. Levitt   Proof Techniques for Hierarchically
2662                                  Structured Programs  . . . . . . . . . . 271--283
2663
2664Communications of the ACM
2665Volume 20,  Number 5, May, 1977
2666
2667                 R. C. Holt and   
2668              D. B. Wortman and   
2669              D. T. Barnard and   
2670                    J. R. Cordy   SP/k: A System for Teaching Computer
2671                                  Programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301--309
2672              George S. Fishman   Achieving Specific Accuracy in
2673                                  Simulation Output Analysis . . . . . . . 310--315
2674           Howard L. Morgan and   
2675                   K. Dan Levin   Optimal Program and Data Locations in
2676                                  Computer Networks  . . . . . . . . . . . 315--322
2677                 J.-L. Baer and   
2678                      B. Schwab   A Comparison of Tree-Balancing
2679                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322--330
2680           Neil J. Stillman and   
2681                 P. Bruce Berra   A Comparison of Hardware and Software
2682                                  Associative Memories in the Context of
2683                                  Computer Graphics  . . . . . . . . . . . 331--339
2684                 Marvin Shapiro   Choice of Reference Points in Best-Match
2685                                  File Searching . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339--343
2686              Michael Z. Hanani   An Optimal Evaluation of Boolean
2687                                  Expressions in an Online Query System    344--347
2688                      Y. Milman   An Approach to Optimal Design of Storage
2689                                  Parameters in Databases  . . . . . . . . 347--350
2690              James W. Hunt and   
2691            Thomas G. Szymanski   A Fast Algorithm for Computing Longest
2692                                  Common Subsequences  . . . . . . . . . . 350--353
2693
2694Communications of the ACM
2695Volume 20,  Number 6, June, 1977
2696
2697           Orrin E. Taulbee and   
2698                    S. D. Conte   Production and Employment of Ph.D.'s in
2699                                  Computer Science --- 1976  . . . . . . . 370--372
2700            Ben Shneiderman and   
2701              Richard Mayer and   
2702                  Don McKay and   
2703                   Peter Heller   Experimental Investigations of the
2704                                  Utility of Detailed Flowcharts in
2705                                  Programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373--381
2706              H. F. Ledgard and   
2707                   R. W. Taylor   Two Views of Data Abstraction  . . . . . 382--384
2708             Moshe M. Zloof and   
2709               S. Peter de Jong   The System for Business Automation
2710                                  (SBA): Programming Language  . . . . . . 385--396
2711                 John V. Guttag   Abstract Data Types and the Development
2712                                  of Data Structures . . . . . . . . . . . 396--404
2713           John Miles Smith and   
2714              Diane C. P. Smith   Database Abstractions: Aggregation . . . 405--413
2715                David Gries and   
2716                  Narain Gehani   Some Ideas on Data Types in High-Level
2717                                  Languages  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414--420
2718          James L. Peterson and   
2719             Theodore A. Norman   Buddy Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421--431
2720                   J. M. Robson   A Bounded Storage Algorithm for Copying
2721                                  Cyclic Structures  . . . . . . . . . . . 431--433
2722                     R. S. Bird   Notes on Recursion Elimination . . . . . 434--439
2723           Henry S. Warren, Jr.   Functions Realizable with Word-Parallel
2724                                  Logical and Two's-Complement Addition
2725                                  Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439--441
2726
2727Communications of the ACM
2728Volume 20,  Number 7, July, 1977
2729
2730               Sandra A. Mamrak   Dynamic Response Time Prediction for
2731                                  Computer Networks  . . . . . . . . . . . 461--468
2732         Manfred Ruschitzka and   
2733                    R. S. Fabry   A Unifying Approach to Scheduling  . . . 469--477
2734          William D. Tajibnapis   A Correctness Proof of a Topology
2735                                  Information Maintenance Protocol for a
2736                                  Distributed Computer Network . . . . . . 477--485
2737             Paul G. Heckel and   
2738              Butler W. Lampson   A terminal-oriented communication system 486--494
2739    Ben Ross Schneider, Jr. and   
2740                  Reid M. Watts   SITAR: an Interactive Text Processing
2741                                  System for Small Computers . . . . . . . 495--499
2742               J. L. W. Kessels   Alternative to Event Queues for
2743                                  Synchronization in Monitors  . . . . . . 500--503
2744         Dorothy E. Denning and   
2745               Peter J. Denning   Certification of Programs for Secure
2746                                  Information Flow . . . . . . . . . . . . 504--513
2747               Jeffrey M. Barth   Shifting Garbage Collection Overhead to
2748                                  Compile Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513--518
2749             E. A. Ashcroft and   
2750                    W. W. Wadge   Lucid, a Nonprocedural Language with
2751                                  Iteration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519--526
2752              J. Nevil Brownlee   An Algol-based implementation of SNOBOL
2753                                  4 patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527--529
2754
2755Communications of the ACM
2756Volume 20,  Number 8, August, 1977
2757
2758         Charles M. Geschke and   
2759       James H. Morris, Jr. and   
2760         Edwin H. Satterthwaite   Early Experience with Mesa . . . . . . . 540--553
2761                  Mary Shaw and   
2762            William A. Wulf and   
2763                Ralph L. London   Abstraction and Verification in Alphard:
2764                                  Defining and Specifying Iteration and
2765                                  Generators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 553--564
2766             Barbara Liskov and   
2767                Alan Snyder and   
2768           Russell Atkinson and   
2769                Craig Schaffert   Abstraction Mechanisms in CLU  . . . . . 564--576
2770                  Niklaus Wirth   Toward a Discipline of Real-Time
2771                                  Programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577--583
2772                   J. D. Gannon   An experimental evaluation of data type
2773                                  conventions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 584--595
2774               W. R. Franta and   
2775                      Kurt Maly   An Efficient Data Structure for the
2776                                  Simulation Event Set . . . . . . . . . . 596--602
2777               Eugene L. Lawler   Comment on computing the $k$ shortest
2778                                  paths in a graph . . . . . . . . . . . . 603--604
2779                     N. Francez   Another advantage of keyword notation
2780                                  for parameter communication with
2781                                  subprograms  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 604--605
2782
2783Communications of the ACM
2784Volume 20,  Number 9, September, 1977
2785
2786               Michael O. Rabin   Complexity of Computations . . . . . . . 625--633
2787                  Dana S. Scott   Logic and Programming Languages  . . . . 634--641
2788             Richard H. Austing   The GRE Advanced Test in Computer
2789                                  Science  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642--645
2790            Robert W. Scheifler   An Analysis of Inline Substitution for a
2791                                  Structured Programming Language  . . . . 647--654
2792               David K. Gifford   Hardware Estimation of a Process'
2793                                  Primary Memory Requirements  . . . . . . 655--663
2794               Harry G. Mairson   Some New Upper Bounds on the Generation
2795                                  of Prime Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . 664--669
2796            Edward M. McCreight   Pagination of B*-Trees with
2797                                  Variable-Length Records  . . . . . . . . 670--674
2798
2799Communications of the ACM
2800Volume 20,  Number 10, October, 1977
2801
2802                   H. Fuchs and   
2803                Z. M. Kedem and   
2804                  S. P. Uselton   Optimal Surface Reconstruction from
2805                                  Planar Contours  . . . . . . . . . . . . 693--702
2806          Sheng-Chuan C. Wu and   
2807               John F. Abel and   
2808            Donald P. Greenberg   An Interactive Computer Graphics
2809                                  Approach to Surface Representation . . . 703--712
2810                 Barry K. Rosen   High-Level Data Flow Analysis  . . . . . 712--724
2811              C. Montangero and   
2812                  G. Pacini and   
2813                      F. Turini   Two-Level Control Structure for
2814                                  Nondeterministic Programming . . . . . . 725--730
2815                Wilf R. LaLonde   Regular Right Part Grammars and Their
2816                                  Parsers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 731--741
2817                   R. Devillers   Game Interpretation of the Deadlock
2818                                  Avoidance Problem  . . . . . . . . . . . 741--745
2819                   Evan L. Ivie   Programmer's Workbench --- a Machine for
2820                                  Software Development . . . . . . . . . . 746--753
2821                 Alan Jay Smith   Multiprocessor Memory Organization and
2822                                  Memory Interference  . . . . . . . . . . 754--761
2823            Robert S. Boyer and   
2824              J. Strother Moore   A Fast String Searching Algorithm  . . . 762--772
2825
2826Communications of the ACM
2827Volume 20,  Number 11, November, 1977
2828
2829                   J. A. N. Lee   Considerations for future programming
2830                                  language standards activities  . . . . . 788--794
2831             Rollins Turner and   
2832                  Bill Strecker   Use of the LRU Stack Depth Distribution
2833                                  for Simulation of Paging Behavior  . . . 795--798
2834               Franklin C. Crow   The Aliasing Problem in
2835                                  Computer-Generated Shaded Images . . . . 799--805
2836                 Leslie Lamport   Concurrent Reading and Writing . . . . . 806--811
2837                  John E. Shore   Anomalous Behavior of the Fifty-Percent
2838                                  Rule in Dynamic Memory Allocation  . . . 812--820
2839             G. C. Stockman and   
2840                 A. K. Agrawala   Equivalence of Hough curve detection to
2841                                  template matching  . . . . . . . . . . . 820--822
2842                       N. Wirth   What can we do about the unnecessary
2843                                  diversity of notation for syntactic
2844                                  definitions? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822--823
2845                      M. K. Roy   A note on reflection-free permutation
2846                                  enumeration  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823--823
2847                Zohar Manna and   
2848                     Adi Shamir   The Optimal Approach to Recursive
2849                                  Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 824--831
2850             Michael Hammer and   
2851              W. Gerry Howe and   
2852         Vincent J. Kruskal and   
2853               Irving Wladawsky   Very High Level Programming Language for
2854                                  Data Processing Applications . . . . . . 832--840
2855                Renzo Sprugnoli   Perfect Hashing Functions: A Single
2856                                  Probe Retrieving Method for Static Sets  841--850
2857                 John Cocke and   
2858                    Ken Kennedy   An Algorithm for Reduction of Operator
2859                                  Strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850--856
2860                     R. S. Bird   Improving Programs by the Introduction
2861                                  of Recursion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856--863
2862              Norman R. Nielsen   Dynamic Memory Allocation in Computer
2863                                  Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864--873
2864         Michael W. Blasgen and   
2865           Richard G. Casey and   
2866              Kapali P. Eswaran   An Encoding Method for Multifield
2867                                  Sorting and Indexing . . . . . . . . . . 874--878
2868              Enrique Grapa and   
2869              Geneva G. Belford   Some Theorems to Aid in Solving the File
2870                                  Allocation Problem . . . . . . . . . . . 878--882
2871
2872Communications of the ACM
2873Volume 20,  Number 12, December, 1977
2874
2875                A. A. Lopez and   
2876                 R. Raymond and   
2877                     R. Tardiff   A survey of computer science offerings
2878                                  in small liberal arts colleges . . . . . 902--906
2879               J. L. W. Kessels   A Conceptual Framework for a
2880                                  Nonprocedural Programming Language . . . 906--913
2881             J. Lawrence Carter   A Case Study of a New Code Generation
2882                                  Technique for Compilers  . . . . . . . . 914--920
2883                    David Gries   An Exercise in Proving Parallel Programs
2884                                  Correct  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921--930
2885                    Irene Grief   A language for formal problem
2886                                  specification  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931--935
2887         Marshall D. Abrams and   
2888                 Siegfried Treu   A Methodology for Interactive Computer
2889                                  Service Measurement  . . . . . . . . . . 936--944
2890             J. N. Danziger and   
2891                   W. H. Dutton   Computers as an innovation in American
2892                                  local governments  . . . . . . . . . . . 945--956
2893
2894Communications of the ACM
2895Volume 24,  Number 1, January, 1977
2896
2897                  P. D. Summers   A Methodology for LISP Program
2898                                  Construction from Examples . . . . . . . 161--175
2899                S. H. Lavington   The Manchester Mark I and Atlas: a
2900                                  historical perspective . . . . . . . . . 4--12
2901               R. N. Ibbett and   
2902                    P. C. Capon   The development of the MU5 computer
2903                                  system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13--24
2904            B. R. Borgerson and   
2905               M. L. Hanson and   
2906                  P. A. Hartley   Evolution of the Sperry Univac 1100
2907                                  Series: a History, Analysis, and
2908                                  Projection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25--43
2909                 C. G. Bell and   
2910                   A. Kotok and   
2911             T. N. Hastings and   
2912                        R. Hill   The Evolution of the DECsystem 10  . . . 44--63
2913             Richard M. Russell   The CRAY-1 Computer System . . . . . . . 63--72
2914            Richard P. Case and   
2915                  Andris Padegs   Architecture of the IBM System/370 . . . 73--96
2916
2917Communications of the ACM
2918Volume 21,  Number 2, February, 1978
2919
2920               S. A. Mamrak and   
2921          R. G. Montanelli, Jr.   Computer science faculties: the current
2922                                  status of minorities and women . . . . . 115--119
2923               R. L. Rivest and   
2924                  A. Shamir and   
2925                     L. Adelman   A Method for Obtaining Digital
2926                                  Signatures and Public-Key Cryptosystems  120--126
2927            M. A. Auslander and   
2928                   H. R. Strong   Systematic Recursion Removal . . . . . . 127--134
2929                  L. T. Kou and   
2930           L. J. Stockmeyer and   
2931                     C. K. Wong   Covering Edges by Cliques with Regard to
2932                                  Keyword Conflicts and Intersection
2933                                  Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135--139
2934                Gerald Held and   
2935            Michael Stonebraker   B-Trees Re-Examined  . . . . . . . . . . 139--143
2936             William J. Stewart   A Comparison of Numerical Techniques in
2937                                  Markov Modeling  . . . . . . . . . . . . 144--152
2938            Gabor T. Herman and   
2939                Arnold Lent and   
2940                  Peter H. Lutz   Relaxation Methods for Image
2941                                  Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152--158
2942                Zohar Manna and   
2943              Richard Waldinger   Is `Sometime' Sometimes Better Than
2944                                  `Always'? (Intermittent Assertions in
2945                                  Proving Program Correctness) . . . . . . 159--172
2946         Bruce J. Schachter and   
2947               Azriel Rosenfeld   Some New Methods of Detecting Step Edges
2948                                  in Digital Pictures  . . . . . . . . . . 172--176
2949
2950Communications of the ACM
2951Volume 21,  Number 3, March, 1978
2952
2953               Michael O. Rabin   Corrigendum: ``Complexity of
2954                                  computations''
2955            Henry C. Lucas, Jr.   Use of an Interactive Information
2956                                  Storage and Retrieval System in Medical
2957                                  Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197--205
2958          William H. Dutton and   
2959             Kenneth L. Kraemer   Management Utilization of Computers in
2960                                  American Local Governments . . . . . . . 206--218
2961                 R. E. Anderson   Value orientation of computer science
2962                                  students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219--225
2963                S. Rao Kosaraju   Insertions and Deletions in One-Sided
2964                                  Height-Balanced Trees  . . . . . . . . . 226--227
2965         Richard A. DeMillo and   
2966       Stanley C. Eisenstat and   
2967              Richard J. Lipton   Preserving Average Proximity in Arrays   228--231
2968             M. A. Franklin and   
2969            G. Scott Graham and   
2970                    R. K. Gupta   Anomalies with Variable Partition Paging
2971                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232--236
2972            Andrew S. Tanenbaum   Implications of Structured Programming
2973                                  for Machine Architecture . . . . . . . . 237--246
2974
2975Communications of the ACM
2976Volume 21,  Number 4, April, 1978
2977
2978                W. H. Payne and   
2979                 K. L. McMillen   Orderly Enumeration of Nonsingular
2980                                  Binary Matrices Applied to Text
2981                                  Encryption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259--263
2982                    Paul Heckel   A Technique for Isolating Differences
2983                                  Between Files  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264--268
2984                        Art Lew   Optimal Conversion of Extended-Entry
2985                                  Decision Tables with General Cost
2986                                  Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269--279
2987            Henry G. Baker, Jr.   List Processing in Real Time on a Serial
2988                                  Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280--294
2989                Ralph C. Merkle   Secure Communications Over Insecure
2990                                  Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294--299
2991            Thomas G. Szymanski   Assembling Code for machines with
2992                                  Span-Dependent Instructions  . . . . . . 300--308
2993                 Jean Vuillemin   A Data Structure for Manipulating
2994                                  Priority Queues  . . . . . . . . . . . . 309--315
2995                    S. Even and   
2996                       M. Rodeh   Economical Encoding of Commas Between
2997                                  Strings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315--317
2998                 R. C. H. Cheng   Generating beta variates with
2999                                  nonintegral shape parameters . . . . . . 317--322
3000
3001Communications of the ACM
3002Volume 21,  Number 5, May, 1978
3003
3004               Douglas W. Clark   A Fast Algorithm for Copying List
3005                                  Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351--357
3006             Anita K. Jones and   
3007              Barbara H. Liskov   A Language Extension for Expressing
3008                                  Constraints on Data Access . . . . . . . 358--367
3009                 Matthew Geller   Test Data as an Aid in Proving Program
3010                                  Correctness  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368--375
3011                   James R. Low   Automatic Data Structure Selection: an
3012                                  Example and Overview . . . . . . . . . . 376--385
3013               Michael Karr and   
3014           David B. Loveman III   Incorporation of Units into Programming
3015                                  Languages  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385--391
3016            David R. Hanson and   
3017              Ralph E. Griswold   The SL5 procedure mechanism  . . . . . . 392--400
3018       Frederick Hayes-Roth and   
3019                 John McDermott   An Interference Matching Technique for
3020                                  Inducing Abstractions  . . . . . . . . . 401--411
3021             J. M. Fleisher and   
3022                    R. R. Meyer   New Sufficient Optimality Conditions for
3023                                  Integer Programming and Their
3024                                  Application  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411--418
3025           Pandu R. Tadikamalla   Computer Generation of Gamma Random
3026                                  Variables  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419--422
3027               Richard L. Sites   Optimal Shift Strategy for a
3028                                  Block-Transfer CCD Memory  . . . . . . . 423--425
3029
3030Communications of the ACM
3031Volume 21,  Number 6, June, 1978
3032
3033               S. H. Zweben and   
3034                 M. A. McDonald   An Optimal Method for Deletion in
3035                                  One-Sided Height-Balanced Trees  . . . . 441--445
3036          James R. Driscoll and   
3037                 Y. Edmund Lien   A Selective Traversal Algorithm for
3038                                  Binary Search Trees  . . . . . . . . . . 445--447
3039              Jacques Cohen and   
3040                 Martin S. Roth   Analyses of Deterministic Parsing
3041                                  Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448--458
3042         M. Dennis Mickunas and   
3043                  John A. Modry   Automatic Error Recovery for LR Parsers  459--465
3044               B. P. Lientz and   
3045              E. B. Swanson and   
3046                 G. E. Tompkins   Characteristics of Application Software
3047                                  Maintenance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466--471
3048                  Earl Chrysler   Some Basic Determinants of Computer
3049                                  Programming Productivity . . . . . . . . 472--483
3050                      Rob Kling   Automated Welfare Client-Tracking and
3051                                  Service Integration: the Political
3052                                  Economy of Computing . . . . . . . . . . 484--493
3053                 E. Gelenbe and   
3054                  D. Derochette   Performance of Rollback Recovery Systems
3055                                  Under Intermittent Failures  . . . . . . 493--499
3056                 Toby J. Teorey   General Equations for Idealized CPU-I/O
3057                                  Overlap Configurations . . . . . . . . . 500--507
3058
3059Communications of the ACM
3060Volume 21,  Number 7, July, 1978
3061
3062                 David L. Waltz   An English Language Query Answering
3063                                  System for a Large Relational Data Base  526--539
3064         Michael L. Fredman and   
3065                    Bruce Weide   On the complexity of computing the
3066                                  measure of $\bigcup[a_i,b_i]$  . . . . . 540--544
3067                Francis Y. Chin   An ${O}(n)$ Algorithm for Determining a
3068                                  Near-Optimal Computation Order of Matrix
3069                                  Chain Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544--549
3070              Yehoshua Perl and   
3071                  Alon Itai and   
3072                      Haim Avni   Interpolation Search --- A Log Log N
3073                                  Search . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550--553
3074       Constantine Halatsis and   
3075             George Philokyprou   Pseudochaining in Hash Tables  . . . . . 554--557
3076                 Leslie Lamport   Time, Clocks, and the Ordering of Events
3077                                  in a Distributed System  . . . . . . . . 558--565
3078        Henry Givens Baker, Jr.   Shallow Binding in Lisp 1.5  . . . . . . 565--569
3079                    Hanan Samet   Proving the Correctness of Heuristically
3080                                  Optimized Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570--582
3081              Robert E. Shostak   An Algorithm for Reasoning About
3082                                  Equality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583--585
3083            Rahul Chattergy and   
3084                   Udo W. Pooch   Analysis of the Availability of Computer
3085                                  Systems Using Computer-Aided Algebra . . 586--591
3086                Lawrence Snyder   B-Trees Re-examined  . . . . . . . . . . 594--594
3087
3088Communications of the ACM
3089Volume 21,  Number 8, August, 1978
3090
3091                    John Backus   Can Programming Be Liberated From the
3092                                  von Neumann Style? A Functional Style
3093                                  and its Algebra of Programs  . . . . . . 613--641
3094                       R. Kling   Value conflicts and social choice in
3095                                  electronic funds transfer system
3096                                  developments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642--657
3097               D. S. Hirschberg   Fast Parallel Sorting Algorithms . . . . 657--661
3098             F. Lockwood Morris   A Time- and Space-Efficient Garbage
3099                                  Compaction Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . 662--665
3100                 C. A. R. Hoare   Communicating Sequential Processes . . . 666--677
3101           Richard S. Brice and   
3102                   J. C. Browne   Feedback Coupled Resource Allocation
3103                                  Policies in the
3104                                  Multiprogramming-Multiprocessor Computer
3105                                  System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678--686
3106          Peter Scheuermann and   
3107              C. Robert Carlson   Self-Assessment Procedure V: a
3108                                  self-assessment procedure dealing with
3109                                  database systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 687--693
3110
3111Communications of the ACM
3112Volume 21,  Number 9, September, 1978
3113
3114               R. A. Harris and   
3115                     J. D. Zund   An algorithm using symbolic techniques
3116                                  for the Bel-Petrov classification of
3117                                  gravitational fields . . . . . . . . . . 715--717
3118                H. D. Schwetman   Hybrid Simulation Models of Computer
3119                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718--723
3120               Jeffrey M. Barth   A Practical Interprocedural Data Flow
3121                                  Analysis Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . . 724--736
3122            Gerald J. Popek and   
3123                David A. Farber   Model for Verification of Data Security
3124                                  in Operating Systems . . . . . . . . . . 737--749
3125           Peter J. Denning and   
3126                Donald R. Slutz   Generalized Working Sets for Segment
3127                                  Reference Strings  . . . . . . . . . . . 750--759
3128              Glenford J. Myers   Controlled Experiment in Program Testing
3129                                  and Code Walkthroughs/Inspections  . . . 760--768
3130                Th. Ottmann and   
3131                  H. W. Six and   
3132                        D. Wood   Right Brother Trees  . . . . . . . . . . 769--776
3133                Ernst G. Ulrich   Event Manipulation for Discrete
3134                                  Simulations Requiring Large Numbers of
3135                                  Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 777--785
3136                        K. Maly   A note on virtual memory indexes . . . . 786--787
3137                Stephen A. Ward   Real Time Plotting of Approximate
3138                                  Contour Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788--790
3139                   A. Tenenbaum   Simulations of dynamic sequential search
3140                                  algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790--791
3141
3142Communications of the ACM
3143Volume 21,  Number 10, October, 1978
3144
3145                  Walt Brainerd   Fortran 77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 806--820
3146                 D. Towsley and   
3147               K. M. Chandy and   
3148                   J. C. Browne   Models for Parallel Processing Within
3149                                  Programs: Application to CPU:I/O and
3150                                  I/O:I/O Overlap  . . . . . . . . . . . . 821--831
3151                Ben Shneiderman   Jump Searching: A Fast Sequential Search
3152                                  Technique  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 831--834
3153              Shi-Kuo Chang and   
3154                   Yin-Wah Wong   Optimal Histogram Matching by Monotone
3155                                  Gray Level Transformation  . . . . . . . 835--840
3156                  Robert Morris   Counting Large Numbers of Events in
3157                                  Small Registers  . . . . . . . . . . . . 840--842
3158              Colin L. McMaster   An Analysis of Algorithms for the Dutch
3159                                  National Flag Problem  . . . . . . . . . 842--846
3160               Robert Sedgewick   Implementing Quicksort Programs  . . . . 847--857
3161                    Gordon Lyon   Packed Scatter Tables  . . . . . . . . . 857--865
3162          Malcolm C. Easton and   
3163                   Ronald Fagin   Cold-Start Vs. Warm-Start Miss Ratios    866--872
3164               W. R. Franta and   
3165                      Kurt Maly   A comparison of heaps and the TL
3166                                  structure for the simulation event set   873--875
3167
3168Communications of the ACM
3169Volume 21,  Number 11, November, 1978
3170
3171                Norman R. Lyons   Systems Design Education: a Gaming
3172                                  Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 889--895
3173                  J. W. Wendorf   A Simply Extended and Modified Batch
3174                                  Environment Graphical System (Sembegs)   897--904
3175                   B. Kumar and   
3176                 E. S. Davidson   Performance Evaluation of Highly
3177                                  Concurrent Computers by Deterministic
3178                                  Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904--913
3179        Berthold K. P. Horn and   
3180               Brett L. Bachman   Using Synthetic Images to Register Real
3181                                  Images with Surface Models . . . . . . . 914--924
3182              P. R. Tadikamalla   Computer Generation of Gamma Random
3183                                  Variables --- II . . . . . . . . . . . . 925--928
3184                G. David Ripley   Simple Recovery-Only Procedure for
3185                                  Simple Precedence Parsers  . . . . . . . 928--930
3186             D. P. Friedman and   
3187                     D. S. Wise   A Note on Conditional Expressions  . . . 931--933
3188              Per Brinch Hansen   Distributed Processes: A Concurrent
3189                                  Programming Concept  . . . . . . . . . . 934--941
3190            Fabrizio Luccio and   
3191                    Linda Pagli   Power Trees  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941--947
3192                    B. A. Sheil   Median Split Trees: A Fast Lookup
3193                                  Technique for Frequently Occurring Keys  947--958
3194                 C. A. R. Hoare   Corrigendum: ``Communicating Sequential
3195                                  Processes''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 958--958
3196              Eugene C. Freuder   Synthesizing Constraint Expressions  . . 958--966
3197         Edsger W. Dijkstra and   
3198             Leslie Lamport and   
3199               A. J. Martin and   
3200             C. S. Scholten and   
3201              E. F. M. Steffens   On-the-Fly Garbage Collection: An
3202                                  Exercise in Cooperation  . . . . . . . . 966--975
3203
3204Communications of the ACM
3205Volume 21,  Number 12, December, 1978
3206
3207                    David Gries   Corrigendum: ``An exercise in proving
3208                                  parallel programs correct''
3209           Roger M. Needham and   
3210           Michael D. Schroeder   Using Encryption for Authentication in
3211                                  Large Networks of Computers  . . . . . . 993--999
3212                David Gries and   
3213                  Jayadev Misra   A Linear Sieve Algorithm for Finding
3214                                  Prime Numbers  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 999--1003
3215          James L. Peterson and   
3216            James R. Bitner and   
3217                 John H. Howard   The Selection of Optimal Tab Settings    1004--1007
3218          James C. Wetherbe and   
3219                 V. Thomas Dock   Strategic Planning Methodology for the
3220                                  Computing Effort in Higher Education: an
3221                                  Empirical Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . 1008--1015
3222                M. Ibramsha and   
3223                   V. Rajaraman   Detection of Logical Errors in Decision
3224                                  Table Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1016--1025
3225           Alberto Martelli and   
3226                  Ugo Montanari   Optimizing Decision Trees Through
3227                                  Heuristically Guided Search  . . . . . . 1025--1039
3228             Yogen K. Dalal and   
3229             Robert M. Metcalfe   Reverse Path Forwarding of Broadcast
3230                                  Packets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1040--1048
3231             John V. Guttag and   
3232             Ellis Horowitz and   
3233                David R. Musser   Abstract Data Types and Software
3234                                  Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1048--1064
3235             Jay M. Spitzen and   
3236             Karl N. Levitt and   
3237              Lawrence Robinson   An Example of Hierarchical Design and
3238                                  Proof  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1064--1075
3239
3240Communications of the ACM
3241Volume 23,  Number 4, May, 1978
3242
3243                  J. L. Bentley   Multidimensional Divide-and-Conquer  . . 214--228
3244
3245Communications of the ACM
3246Volume 22,  Number 1, January, 1979
3247
3248                  John W. Boyse   Interference Detection Among Solids and
3249                                  Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3--9
3250                 Kent W. Colton   The impact and use of computer
3251                                  technology by the police . . . . . . . . 10--20
3252     Gian Carlo Bongiovanni and   
3253                Fabrizio Luccio   Permutation of Data Blocks in a Bubble
3254                                  Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21--25
3255           Charles H. Sauer and   
3256                 K. Mani Chandy   The Impact of Distributions and
3257                                  Disciplines on Multiple Processor
3258                                  Systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25--34
3259              J. P. Banatre and   
3260              J. P. Routeau and   
3261                    L. Trilling   An event-driven compiling technique  . . 34--42
3262               Jacques J. Arsac   Syntactic Source to Source Transforms
3263                                  and Program Manipulation . . . . . . . . 43--54
3264
3265Communications of the ACM
3266Volume 22,  Number 2, February, 1979
3267
3268              O. E. Taulbee and   
3269                    S. D. Conte   Production and employment of Ph.D.s in
3270                                  computer science --- 1977 and 1978 . . . 75--76
3271                  R. E. Fairley   Employment characteristics of doctoral
3272                                  level computer scientists  . . . . . . . 77--78
3273                 W. E. Gull and   
3274                  M. A. Jenkins   Recursive data structures in APL.  . . . 79--96
3275                   E. Morel and   
3276                    C. Renvoise   Global Optimization by Suppression of
3277                                  Partial Redundancies . . . . . . . . . . 96--103
3278             M. R. Anderson and   
3279                 M. G. Anderson   Comments on Perfect Hashing Functions: A
3280                                  Single Probe Retrieving Method for
3281                                  Static Sets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104--105
3282          David R. Cheriton and   
3283         Michael A. Malcolm and   
3284          Lawrence S. Melen and   
3285                  Gary R. Sager   Thoth, a Portable Real-Time Operating
3286                                  System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105--115
3287              David P. Reed and   
3288            Rajendra K. Kanodia   Synchronization with Eventcounts and
3289                                  Sequencers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115--123
3290             Haim Mendelson and   
3291          Joseph S. Pliskin and   
3292                   Uri Yechiali   Optimal Storage Allocation for Serial
3293                                  Files  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124--130
3294
3295Communications of the ACM
3296Volume 22,  Number 3, March, 1979
3297
3298         Richard H. Austing and   
3299            Bruce H. Barnes and   
3300          Della T. Bonnette and   
3301            Gerald L. Engel and   
3302                  Gordon Stokes   Curriculum '78: Recommendations for the
3303                                  Undergraduate Program in Computer
3304                                  Science --- A Report of the ACM
3305                                  Curriculum Committee on Computer Science 147--166
3306            Albert D. Edgar and   
3307                  Samuel C. Lee   FOCUS microcomputer number system  . . . 166--177
3308                   James Slagle   Experiments with Some Algorithms that
3309                                  Find Central Solutions for Pattern
3310                                  Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178--183
3311        Amaryllis Deliyanni and   
3312             Robert A. Kowalski   Logic and Semantic Networks  . . . . . . 184--192
3313                  Dalia Motzkin   Use of Normal Multiplication Tables for
3314                                  Information Storage and Retrieval  . . . 193--207
3315                 C. L. McMaster   Corrigendum: ``An Analysis of Algorithms
3316                                  for the Dutch National Flag Problem''    207--207
3317
3318Communications of the ACM
3319Volume 22,  Number 4, April, 1979
3320
3321                 Arthur M. Lesk   Detection of Three-Dimensional Patterns
3322                                  of Atoms in Chemical Structures  . . . . 219--224
3323                 E. G. Cale and   
3324           L. L. Gremillion and   
3325                 J. L. McKenney   Price/Performance Patterns of U.S.
3326                                  Computer Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . 225--233
3327              Giacomo Bucci and   
3328             Donald N. Streeter   Methodology for the Design of
3329                                  Distributed Information Systems  . . . . 233--245
3330          Richard J. Hanson and   
3331             John A. Wisniewski   A Mathematical Programming Updating
3332                                  Method Using Modified Givens
3333                                  Transformations and Applied to LP
3334                                  Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245--251
3335                  Daniel Brelaz   New Methods to Color the Vertices of a
3336                                  Graph  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251--256
3337
3338Communications of the ACM
3339Volume 22,  Number 5, May, 1979
3340
3341        Richard A. De Millo and   
3342          Richard J. Lipton and   
3343                 Alan J. Perlis   Social Processes and Proofs of Theorems
3344                                  and Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271--280
3345               Ernest Chang and   
3346               Rosemary Roberts   An Improved Algorithm for Decentralized
3347                                  Extrema-Finding in Circular
3348                                  Configurations of Processors . . . . . . 281--283
3349                 T. D. Sterling   Consumer Difficulties with Computerized
3350                                  Transactions: an Empirical Investigation 283--289
3351               John C. Reynolds   Reasoning About Arrays . . . . . . . . . 290--299
3352             Michael J. Manthey   Model for and Discussion of
3353                                  Multi-Interpreter Systems  . . . . . . . 299--309
3354
3355Communications of the ACM
3356Volume 22,  Number 6, June, 1979
3357
3358                    R. S. Lemos   An implementation of structured
3359                                  walk-throughs in teaching COBAL
3360                                  programming  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335--340
3361            S. N. Busenberg and   
3362                      W. C. Tam   An academic program providing realistic
3363                                  training in software engineering . . . . 341--345
3364                   Steven Alter   Model for Automating File and Program
3365                                  Design in Business Application Systems   345--353
3366              Jerome A. Feldman   High Level Programming for Distributed
3367                                  Computing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353--368
3368               Robert Sedgewick   Corrigendum: ``Implementing Quicksort
3369                                  Programs'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368--368
3370                 R. Shapira and   
3371                     H. Freeman   The Cyclic Order Property of Vertices as
3372                                  an Aid in Scene Analysis . . . . . . . . 368--375
3373
3374Communications of the ACM
3375Volume 22,  Number 7, July, 1979
3376
3377                    T. Winograd   Beyond Programming Languages . . . . . . 391--401
3378                F. P. Preparata   An Optimal Real-Time Algorithm for
3379                                  Planar Convex Hulls  . . . . . . . . . . 402--405
3380         Patrick C. Fischer and   
3381              Robert L. Probert   Storage Reorganization Techniques for
3382                                  Matrix Computation in a Paging
3383                                  Environment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405--415
3384                 J. H. Hine and   
3385                 I. Mitrani and   
3386                        S. Tsur   The Control of Response Times in
3387                                  Multi-Class Systems by Memory Allocation 415--424
3388             Robert A. Kowalski   Algorithm = Logic + Control  . . . . . . 424--436
3389
3390Communications of the ACM
3391Volume 22,  Number 8, August, 1979
3392
3393                 J. W. Wong and   
3394                G. Scott Graham   Self-Assessment Procedure VI: a
3395                                  self-assessment procedure dealing with
3396                                  queueing network models of computer
3397                                  systems  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449--454
3398                    R. W. Floyd   The paradigms of programming . . . . . . 455--460
3399           D. S. Hirschberg and   
3400              A. K. Chandra and   
3401                  D. V. Sarwate   Computing Connected Components on
3402                                  Parallel Computers . . . . . . . . . . . 461--464
3403          Nachum Dershowitz and   
3404                    Zohar Manna   Proving Termination with Multiset
3405                                  Orderings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465--476
3406             Dorothy E. Denning   Secure Personal Computing in an Insecure
3407                                  Network  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476--482
3408                   L. S. Nelson   Further remark on stably updating mean
3409                                  and standard deviation estimates . . . . 483--483
3410
3411Communications of the ACM
3412Volume 22,  Number 9, September, 1979
3413
3414          Jerome A. Feldman and   
3415          William R. Sutherland   Rejuvenating Experimental Computer
3416                                  Science --- A Report to the National
3417                                  Science Foundation and Others  . . . . . 497--502
3418   Daniel D. McCracken, CCP and   
3419           Peter J. Denning and   
3420               David H. Brandin   Addendum: An ACM Executive Committee
3421                                  Position on the Crisis in Experimental
3422                                  Computer Science . . . . . . . . . . . . 503--504
3423                      Zvi Galil   On Improving the Worse Case Running Time
3424                                  of the Boyer-Moore String Matching
3425                                  Algorithm  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505--508
3426           Kari-Jouko Raiha and   
3427               Stuart H. Zweben   An Optimal Insertion Algorithm for
3428                                  One-Sided Height-Balanced Binary Search
3429                                  Trees  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508--512
3430              Wilfred J. Hansen   Progressive acyclic digraphs --- a tool
3431                                  for database integrity . . . . . . . . . 513--518
3432                    G. Nagy and   
3433                    S. G. Wagle   Approximation of Polygonal Maps by
3434                                  Cellular Maps  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 518--525
3435                 T. F. Chan and   
3436                    J. G. Lewis   Computing standard deviations: accuracy  526--531
3437                  D. H. D. West   Updating mean and variance estimates: an
3438                                  improved method  . . . . . . . . . . . . 532--535
3439
3440Communications of the ACM
3441Volume 22,  Number 10, October, 1979
3442
3443                    P. D. Laird   Comment on: ``An optimal evaluation of
3444                                  Boolean expressions in an online query
3445                                  system'' [Comm. ACM, 20, 1977, no. 5,
3446                                  344--347, MR 55 #9627] by M. Z. Hanani   549--550
3447                 Ehud Gudes and   
3448                Anthony Hoffman   A note on: ``An optimal evaluation of
3449                                  Boolean expressions in an online query
3450                                  system'' [Comm. ACM, 20, 1977, no. 5,
3451                                  344--347, MR 55 #9627] by M. Z. Hanani   550--553
3452             M. R. Anderson and   
3453                 M. G. Anderson   Corrigendum: ``Comments on Perfect
3454                                  Hashing Functions: A Single Probe
3455                                  Retrieving Method for Static Sets''  . .  553
3456                 Leslie Lamport   On the Proof of Correctness of a
3457                                  Calendar Program . . . . . . . . . . . . 554--556
3458                     Paul Klint   Line Numbers Made Cheap  . . . . . . . . 557--559
3459         Tomas Lozano-Perez and   
3460              Michael A. Wesley   An Algorithm for Planning Collision-Free
3461                                  Paths Among Polyhedral Obstacles . . . . 560--570
3462                   F. L. Morris   On a Comparison of Garbage Collection
3463                                  Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  571
3464
3465Communications of the ACM
3466Volume 22,  Number 11, November, 1979
3467
3468                    R. E. Mayer   A psychology of learning BASIC . . . . . 589--593
3469                  R. Morris and   
3470                    K. Thompson   Password Security --- A Case History . . 594--597
3471               Shmuel Peleg and   
3472               Azriel Rosenfeld   Breaking Substitution Ciphers Using a
3473                                  Relaxation Algorithm . . . . . . . . . . 598--605
3474        Robert Endre Tarjan and   
3475            Andrew Chi Chih Yao   Storing a Sparse Table . . . . . . . . . 606--611
3476                     Adi Shamir   How to Share a Secret  . . . . . . . . . 612--613
3477
3478Communications of the ACM
3479Volume 22,  Number 12, December, 1979
3480
3481                    A. H. Lipis   Costs of the current US payments system  644--647
3482                     R. H. Long   Public protection and education with EFT 648--654
3483                   D. B. Parker   Vulnerabilities of EFTs to intentionally
3484                                  caused losses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 654--660
3485              K. L. Kraemer and   
3486                      K. Colton   Policy, values, and EFT research:
3487                                  anatomy of a research agenda . . . . . . 660--671
3488                J. F. Shoch and   
3489                     J. A. Hupp   Measured Performance of an ETHERNET
3490                                  Local Network  . . . . . . . . . . . . . 711--721
3491
3492Communications of the ACM
3493Volume 26,  Number 9, September, 1979
3494
3495                    Hanan Samet   A quadtree medial axis transform . . . . 680--693
3496
3497Communications of the ACM
3498Volume 33,  Number 6, June, 1990
3499
3500               Peter K. Pearson   Fast Hashing of Variable-Length Text
3501                                  Strings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677--680
3502
3503Communications of the ACM
3504Volume 33,  Number 8, August, 1990
3505
3506               Daniel M. Sunday   A Very Fast Substring Search Algorithm   132--142
3507
3508Communications of the ACM
3509Volume 34,  Number 11, November, 1991
3510
3511                     I. Dittmer   Note on Fast Hashing of Variable Length
3512                                  Text Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  118
3513                  Jacques Savoy   Note on Fast Hashing of Variable Length
3514                                  Text Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118--119
3515                  James Litsios   Note on Fast Hashing of Variable Length
3516                                  Text Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118--120
3517                  Peter Pearson   Note on Fast Hashing of Variable Length
3518                                  Text Strings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  120
3519
3520Computing Surveys
3521Volume 6,  Number 4, December, 1974
3522
3523                Donald E. Knuth   Structured Programming with go to
3524                                  Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261--301
3525
3526Journal of the ACM
3527Volume 23,  Number 1, January, 1976
3528
3529            Susan L. Graham and   
3530                    Mark Wegman   A Fast and Usually Linear Algorithm for
3531                                  Global Flow Analysis . . . . . . . . . . 172--202
3532
3533Management Science
3534Volume 19,  Number , , 1972
3535
3536                    R. J. Brown   Chromatic scheduling and the chromatic
3537                                  number problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451--463
3538
3539SIAM Journal of Computing
3540Volume 6,  Number 2, June, 1977
3541
3542            Donald E. Knuth and   
3543               J. H. Morris and   
3544                    V. R. Pratt   Fast pattern matching in strings . . . . 323--350
3545
3546Software --- Practice and Experience
3547Volume 12,  Number 1, January, 1982
3548
3549                A. L. Tharp and   
3550                      K.-C. Tai   The practicality of text signatures for
3551                                  accelerating string searching  . . . . . 35--44
3552
3553ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3554Volume 1,  Number 3, September, 1975
3555
3556                  Ove Skovgaard   Remark on ``Algorithm 236: Bessel
3557                                  Functions of the First Kind [S17]''  . . 282--284
3558                  Jayadev Misra   Remark on ``Algorithm 246: Graycode
3559                                  [Z]''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285--285
3560
3561ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3562Volume 1,  Number 9, September, 1975
3563
3564               Robert Feinstein   Remark on ``Algorithm 483: Masked
3565                                  Three-Dimensional Plot Program with
3566                                  Rotations [J6]'' . . . . . . . . . . . . 285--285
3567
3568ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3569Volume 2,  Number 1, March, 1976
3570
3571                  D. M. Boulton   Remark on ``Algorithm 434: Exact
3572                                  Probabilities for $R\times{C}$
3573                                  Contingency Tables [G2]''  . . . . . . . 108--108
3574                 Lucian D. Duta   Remark on ``Algorithm 475: Visible
3575                                  Surface Plotting Program [J6]''  . . . . 109--110
3576                G. M. White and   
3577                S. Goudreau and   
3578                   J. L. Legros   Remark on ``Algorithm 479: A Minimal
3579                                  Spanning Tree Clustering Method [Z]''    110--111
3580                    J. Pomeranz   Remark on ``Algorithm 487: Exact
3581                                  Cumulative Distribution of the
3582                                  Kolmogorov-Smirnov Statistic for Small
3583                                  Samples [S14]''  . . . . . . . . . . . . 111--111
3584                  Robert Morris   Remark on ``Algorithm 490: The
3585                                  Dilogarithm Function of a Real Argument
3586                                  [S22]''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112--112
3587
3588ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3589Volume 2,  Number 2, June, 1976
3590
3591            Malcolm C. Pike and   
3592                  Jennie SooHoo   Remark on ``Algorithm 179: Incomplete
3593                                  Beta Ratio [S14]'' . . . . . . . . . . . 207--208
3594            Michael R. Anderson   Remark on ``Algorithm 433: Interpolation
3595                                  and Smooth Curve Fitting Based on Local
3596                                  Procedures [E2]''  . . . . . . . . . . . 208--208
3597
3598ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3599Volume 2,  Number 3, September, 1976
3600
3601                 Alan M. Davies   Remark on ``Algorithm 450: Rosenbrock
3602                                  Function Minimization [E4]'' . . . . . . 300--301
3603                 Theodore Brown   Remark on ``Algorithm 489: The Algorithm
3604                                  SELECT --- for Finding the $i$th
3605                                  Smallest of $n$ Elements [M1]''  . . . . 301--304
3606
3607ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3608Volume 2,  Number 4, December, 1976
3609
3610                      M. R. Ito   Remark on ``Algorithm 284: Interchange
3611                                  of Two Blocks of Data [K2]'' . . . . . . 392--393
3612                Mohamed el Lozy   Remark on ``Algorithm 299: Chi-Squared
3613                                  Integral [S15]'' . . . . . . . . . . . . 393--395
3614             Henk Koppelaar and   
3615                 Peter Molenaar   Remark on ``Algorithm 486: Numerical
3616                                  Inversion of Laplace Transform [D5]''    395--396
3617
3618ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3619Volume 3,  Number 1, March, 1977
3620
3621               Esko G. Cate and   
3622                 David W. Twigg   Algorithm 513: Analysis of In-Situ
3623                                  Transposition [F1] . . . . . . . . . . . 104--110
3624            Fran\ccoise Veillon   Remark on ``Algorithm 486: Numerical
3625                                  Inversion of Laplace Transform'' . . . . 111--111
3626
3627ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3628Volume 3,  Number 2, June, 1977
3629
3630                J. K. M. Jansen   Remark on ``Algorithm 259: Legendre
3631                                  Functions for Arguments Larger than
3632                                  One''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204--250
3633
3634ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3635Volume 3,  Number 3, September, 1977
3636
3637                   Paolo Sipala   Remark on ``Algorithm 408: A Sparse
3638                                  Matrix Package (Part I) [F4]'' . . . . . 303--303
3639                  Dennis Tenney   Remark on ``Algorithm 219: Topological
3640                                  Ordering for PERT Networks'' . . . . . . 303--303
3641
3642ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3643Volume 4,  Number 1, March, 1978
3644
3645                  Ove Skovgaard   Remark on ``Algorithm 149: Complete
3646                                  Elliptic Integral [S21]''  . . . . . . . 95--95
3647
3648ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3649Volume 4,  Number 3, September, 1978
3650
3651                John P. Coleman   Remark on ``Algorithm 49: Spherical
3652                                  Neumann Function'' . . . . . . . . . . . 295--295
3653              Fred G. Gustavson   Remark on ``Algorithm 408: A Sparse
3654                                  Matrix Package (Part I) [F4]'' . . . . . 295--295
3655              Andrew Y. Schoene   Remark on ``Algorithm 435: Modified
3656                                  Incomplete Gamma Function [S14]''  . . . 296--304
3657
3658ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3659Volume 5,  Number 2, June, 1979
3660
3661                Mohamed el Lozy   Remark on ``Algorithm 395: Student's
3662                                  $t$-Distribution'' and Remark on
3663                                  ``Algorithm 396: Student's Quantiles
3664                                  [S14]''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238--239
3665                   K. O. Geddes   Remark on ``Algorithm 424:
3666                                  Clenshaw-Curtis Quadrature [O1]''  . . . 240--240
3667                 M. R. Anderson   Remark on ``Algorithm 474: Bivariate
3668                                  Interpolation and Smooth Surface Fitting
3669                                  Based on Local Procedures''  . . . . . . 241--241
3670
3671ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3672Volume 5,  Number 4, December, 1979
3673
3674             Burton L. Leathers   Remark on ``Algorithm 513: Analysis of
3675                                  In-Situ Transposition [F1]'' and Remark
3676                                  on ``Algorithm 467: Matrix Transposition
3677                                  in Place'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520--520
3678       A. C. M. van Swieten and   
3679            J. Th. M. de Hosson   Remark on ``Algorithm 475: Visible
3680                                  Surface Plotting Program'' . . . . . . . 521--523
3681
3682ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3683Volume 6,  Number 3, September, 1980
3684
3685                   U. Harms and   
3686             H. Kollakowski and   
3687                      G. Moller   Remark on ``Algorithm 408: A Sparse
3688                                  Matrix Package (Part 1) [F4]'' . . . . . 456--457
3689
3690ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3691Volume 7,  Number 2, June, 1981
3692
3693                     G. W. Hill   Remark on ``Algorithm 395: Student's
3694                                  $t$-Distribution'' . . . . . . . . . . . 247--249
3695                     G. W. Hill   Remark on ``Algorithm 396: Student's
3696                                  $t$-Quantiles''  . . . . . . . . . . . . 250--251
3697                 I. D. Hill and   
3698                     M. C. Pike   Remark on ``Algorithm 299: Chi-Squared
3699                                  Integral'' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185--185
3700
3701ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software
3702Volume 11,  Number 4, December, 1985
3703
3704                       M. C. Er   Remark on ``Algorithm 246: Graycode
3705                                  [Z]''  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441--443
3706