1/* 2 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993 3 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 4 * 5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 7 * are met: 8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 13 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 14 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 15 * without specific prior written permission. 16 * 17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 18 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 21 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 24 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 27 * SUCH DAMAGE. 28 */ 29 30#if 0 31#ifndef lint 32static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c 8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95"; 33#endif /* not lint */ 34#endif 35#include <sys/cdefs.h> 36__FBSDID("$FreeBSD: stable/10/sbin/fsck_ffs/setup.c 322860 2017-08-24 21:44:23Z mckusick $"); 37 38#include <sys/param.h> 39#include <sys/stat.h> 40#define FSTYPENAMES 41#include <sys/disklabel.h> 42#include <sys/file.h> 43#include <sys/sysctl.h> 44 45#include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 46#include <ufs/ffs/fs.h> 47 48#include <ctype.h> 49#include <err.h> 50#include <errno.h> 51#include <limits.h> 52#include <stdint.h> 53#include <string.h> 54 55#include "fsck.h" 56 57struct bufarea asblk; 58#define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs) 59#define POWEROF2(num) (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0) 60 61static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs); 62static void saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd); 63static int chkrecovery(int devfd); 64 65/* 66 * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary. 67 * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system 68 * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only). 69 */ 70int 71setup(char *dev) 72{ 73 long cg, asked, i, j; 74 long bmapsize; 75 struct stat statb; 76 struct fs proto; 77 size_t size; 78 79 havesb = 0; 80 fswritefd = -1; 81 cursnapshot = 0; 82 if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) { 83 printf("Can't stat %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno)); 84 if (bkgrdflag) { 85 unlink(snapname); 86 bkgrdflag = 0; 87 } 88 return (0); 89 } 90 if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && 91 (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) { 92 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 93 unlink(snapname); 94 printf("background fsck lacks a snapshot\n"); 95 exit(EEXIT); 96 } 97 if ((statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 && cvtlevel == 0) { 98 cursnapshot = statb.st_ino; 99 } else { 100 if (cvtlevel == 0 || 101 (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) { 102 if (preen && bkgrdflag) { 103 unlink(snapname); 104 bkgrdflag = 0; 105 } 106 pfatal("%s is not a disk device", dev); 107 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) { 108 if (bkgrdflag) { 109 unlink(snapname); 110 bkgrdflag = 0; 111 } 112 return (0); 113 } 114 } else { 115 if (bkgrdflag) { 116 unlink(snapname); 117 bkgrdflag = 0; 118 } 119 pfatal("cannot convert a snapshot"); 120 exit(EEXIT); 121 } 122 } 123 } 124 if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) { 125 if (bkgrdflag) { 126 unlink(snapname); 127 bkgrdflag = 0; 128 } 129 printf("Can't open %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno)); 130 return (0); 131 } 132 if (bkgrdflag) { 133 unlink(snapname); 134 size = MIBSIZE; 135 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0|| 136 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjblkcnt", adjblkcnt, &size) < 0|| 137 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freefiles", freefiles, &size) < 0|| 138 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freedirs", freedirs, &size) < 0 || 139 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freeblks", freeblks, &size) < 0) { 140 pfatal("kernel lacks background fsck support\n"); 141 exit(EEXIT); 142 } 143 /* 144 * When kernel is lack of runtime bgfsck superblock summary 145 * adjustment functionality, it does not mean we can not 146 * continue, as old kernels will recompute the summary at 147 * mount time. However, it will be an unexpected softupdates 148 * inconsistency if it turns out that the summary is still 149 * incorrect. Set a flag so subsequent operation can know 150 * this. 151 */ 152 bkgrdsumadj = 1; 153 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjndir", adjndir, &size) < 0 || 154 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnbfree", adjnbfree, &size) < 0 || 155 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnifree", adjnifree, &size) < 0 || 156 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnffree", adjnffree, &size) < 0 || 157 sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnumclusters", adjnumclusters, &size) < 0) { 158 bkgrdsumadj = 0; 159 pwarn("kernel lacks runtime superblock summary adjustment support"); 160 } 161 cmd.version = FFS_CMD_VERSION; 162 cmd.handle = fsreadfd; 163 fswritefd = -1; 164 } 165 if (preen == 0) 166 printf("** %s", dev); 167 if (bkgrdflag == 0 && 168 (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) { 169 fswritefd = -1; 170 if (preen) 171 pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS"); 172 printf(" (NO WRITE)"); 173 } 174 if (preen == 0) 175 printf("\n"); 176 /* 177 * Read in the superblock, looking for alternates if necessary 178 */ 179 if (readsb(1) == 0) { 180 skipclean = 0; 181 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0) 182 return(0); 183 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0) 184 return (0); 185 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) { 186 bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg)); 187 if (readsb(0) != 0) 188 break; 189 } 190 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) { 191 printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n", 192 "SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK", 193 "FAILED. YOU MUST USE THE", 194 "-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY THE", 195 "LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE", 196 "SUPER-BLOCK TO SUPPLY NEEDED", 197 "INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8)."); 198 bflag = 0; 199 return(0); 200 } 201 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %jd\n", bflag); 202 bflag = 0; 203 } 204 if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) { 205 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n"); 206 return (-1); 207 } 208 maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size; 209 maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg; 210 /* 211 * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block. 212 */ 213 if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) { 214 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK"); 215 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 216 sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME; 217 sbdirty(); 218 } 219 } 220 if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) { 221 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK", 222 sblock.fs_minfree); 223 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) { 224 sblock.fs_minfree = 10; 225 sbdirty(); 226 } 227 } 228 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 229 sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) { 230 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n"); 231 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n"); 232 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n"); 233 exit(EEXIT); 234 } 235 if (asblk.b_dirty && !bflag) { 236 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize); 237 flush(fswritefd, &asblk); 238 } 239 if (preen == 0 && yflag == 0 && sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 240 fswritefd != -1 && chkrecovery(fsreadfd) == 0 && 241 reply("SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") != 0) 242 saverecovery(fsreadfd, fswritefd); 243 /* 244 * read in the summary info. 245 */ 246 asked = 0; 247 sblock.fs_csp = Calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize); 248 if (sblock.fs_csp == NULL) { 249 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for cg summary info\n", 250 (unsigned)sblock.fs_cssize); 251 goto badsb; 252 } 253 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize, j++) { 254 size = sblock.fs_cssize - i < sblock.fs_bsize ? 255 sblock.fs_cssize - i : sblock.fs_bsize; 256 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 257 if (blread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblock.fs_csp + i, 258 fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + j * sblock.fs_frag), 259 size) != 0 && !asked) { 260 pfatal("BAD SUMMARY INFORMATION"); 261 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) { 262 ckfini(0); 263 exit(EEXIT); 264 } 265 asked++; 266 } 267 } 268 /* 269 * allocate and initialize the necessary maps 270 */ 271 bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short)); 272 blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char)); 273 if (blockmap == NULL) { 274 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n", 275 (unsigned)bmapsize); 276 goto badsb; 277 } 278 inostathead = Calloc((unsigned)(sblock.fs_ncg), 279 sizeof(struct inostatlist)); 280 if (inostathead == NULL) { 281 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n", 282 (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg))); 283 goto badsb; 284 } 285 numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128); 286 dirhash = numdirs; 287 inplast = 0; 288 listmax = numdirs + 10; 289 inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc((unsigned)listmax, 290 sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 291 inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc((unsigned)numdirs, 292 sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 293 if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) { 294 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n", 295 (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *)); 296 goto badsb; 297 } 298 bufinit(); 299 if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP) 300 usedsoftdep = 1; 301 else 302 usedsoftdep = 0; 303 return (1); 304 305badsb: 306 ckfini(0); 307 return (0); 308} 309 310/* 311 * Possible superblock locations ordered from most to least likely. 312 */ 313static int sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH; 314 315#define BAD_MAGIC_MSG \ 316"The previous newfs operation on this volume did not complete.\n" \ 317"You must complete newfs before mounting this volume.\n" 318 319/* 320 * Read in the super block and its summary info. 321 */ 322int 323readsb(int listerr) 324{ 325 ufs2_daddr_t super; 326 int i, bad; 327 328 if (bflag) { 329 super = bflag; 330 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 331 if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super, (long)SBLOCKSIZE))) 332 return (0); 333 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) { 334 fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG); 335 exit(11); 336 } 337 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 338 sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) { 339 fprintf(stderr, "%jd is not a file system superblock\n", 340 bflag); 341 return (0); 342 } 343 } else { 344 for (i = 0; sblock_try[i] != -1; i++) { 345 super = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize; 346 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++; 347 if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super, 348 (long)SBLOCKSIZE))) 349 return (0); 350 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) { 351 fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG); 352 exit(11); 353 } 354 if ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC || 355 (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC && 356 sblock.fs_sblockloc == sblock_try[i])) && 357 sblock.fs_ncg >= 1 && 358 sblock.fs_bsize >= MINBSIZE && 359 sblock.fs_sbsize >= roundup(sizeof(struct fs), dev_bsize)) 360 break; 361 } 362 if (sblock_try[i] == -1) { 363 fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find file system superblock\n"); 364 return (0); 365 } 366 } 367 /* 368 * Compute block size that the file system is based on, 369 * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number 370 * so we can tell if this is an alternate later. 371 */ 372 super *= dev_bsize; 373 dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1); 374 sblk.b_bno = super / dev_bsize; 375 sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE; 376 /* 377 * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block. 378 * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped. 379 */ 380 if (bflag) 381 goto out; 382 getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize); 383 if (asblk.b_errs) 384 return (0); 385 bad = 0; 386#define CHK(x, y) \ 387 if (altsblock.x != sblock.x) { \ 388 bad++; \ 389 if (listerr && debug) \ 390 printf("SUPER BLOCK VS ALTERNATE MISMATCH %s: " y " vs " y "\n", \ 391 #x, (intmax_t)sblock.x, (intmax_t)altsblock.x); \ 392 } 393 CHK(fs_sblkno, "%jd"); 394 CHK(fs_cblkno, "%jd"); 395 CHK(fs_iblkno, "%jd"); 396 CHK(fs_dblkno, "%jd"); 397 CHK(fs_ncg, "%jd"); 398 CHK(fs_bsize, "%jd"); 399 CHK(fs_fsize, "%jd"); 400 CHK(fs_frag, "%jd"); 401 CHK(fs_bmask, "%#jx"); 402 CHK(fs_fmask, "%#jx"); 403 CHK(fs_bshift, "%jd"); 404 CHK(fs_fshift, "%jd"); 405 CHK(fs_fragshift, "%jd"); 406 CHK(fs_fsbtodb, "%jd"); 407 CHK(fs_sbsize, "%jd"); 408 CHK(fs_nindir, "%jd"); 409 CHK(fs_inopb, "%jd"); 410 CHK(fs_cssize, "%jd"); 411 CHK(fs_ipg, "%jd"); 412 CHK(fs_fpg, "%jd"); 413 CHK(fs_magic, "%#jx"); 414#undef CHK 415 if (bad) { 416 if (listerr == 0) 417 return (0); 418 if (preen) 419 printf("%s: ", cdevname); 420 printf( 421 "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK LSB=%jd DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN\n" 422 "LAST ALTERNATE LSB=%jd\n", 423 sblk.b_bno, asblk.b_bno); 424 if (reply("IGNORE ALTERNATE SUPER BLOCK") == 0) 425 return (0); 426 } 427out: 428 /* 429 * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields. 430 */ 431 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC && 432 sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) { 433 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize; 434 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time; 435 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size; 436 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize; 437 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr; 438 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir; 439 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree; 440 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree; 441 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree; 442 } 443 havesb = 1; 444 return (1); 445} 446 447void 448sblock_init(void) 449{ 450 451 fswritefd = -1; 452 fsmodified = 0; 453 lfdir = 0; 454 initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 455 initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK); 456 sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 457 asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE); 458 if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL) 459 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock"); 460 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE; 461} 462 463/* 464 * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the boot area. 465 * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field 466 * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that 467 * their needed information is available! 468 */ 469static int 470calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs) 471{ 472 struct fsrecovery fsr; 473 474 /* 475 * We need fragments-per-group and the partition-size. 476 * 477 * Newfs stores these details at the end of the boot block area 478 * at the start of the filesystem partition. If they have been 479 * overwritten by a boot block, we fail. But usually they are 480 * there and we can use them. 481 */ 482 if (blread(devfd, (char *)&fsr, 483 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, sizeof(fsr)) || 484 fsr.fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) 485 return (0); 486 memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs)); 487 fs->fs_fpg = fsr.fsr_fpg; 488 fs->fs_fsbtodb = fsr.fsr_fsbtodb; 489 fs->fs_sblkno = fsr.fsr_sblkno; 490 fs->fs_magic = fsr.fsr_magic; 491 fs->fs_ncg = fsr.fsr_ncg; 492 return (1); 493} 494 495/* 496 * Check to see if recovery information exists. 497 */ 498static int 499chkrecovery(int devfd) 500{ 501 struct fsrecovery fsr; 502 503 if (blread(devfd, (char *)&fsr, 504 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, sizeof(fsr)) || 505 fsr.fsr_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) 506 return (0); 507 return (1); 508} 509 510/* 511 * Read the last sector of the boot block, replace the last 512 * 20 bytes with the recovery information, then write it back. 513 * The recovery information only works for UFS2 filesystems. 514 */ 515static void 516saverecovery(int readfd, int writefd) 517{ 518 struct fsrecovery fsr; 519 520 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC || 521 blread(readfd, (char *)&fsr, 522 (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, sizeof(fsr))) 523 return; 524 fsr.fsr_magic = sblock.fs_magic; 525 fsr.fsr_fpg = sblock.fs_fpg; 526 fsr.fsr_fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fsbtodb; 527 fsr.fsr_sblkno = sblock.fs_sblkno; 528 fsr.fsr_ncg = sblock.fs_ncg; 529 blwrite(writefd, (char *)&fsr, (SBLOCK_UFS2 - sizeof(fsr)) / dev_bsize, 530 sizeof(fsr)); 531} 532