tracing: Remove extra space at the end of hwlat_detector/mode

Space is printed after each mode value including the last one:
$ echo \"$(sudo cat /sys/kernel/tracing/hwlat_detector/mode)\"
"none [round-robin] per-cpu "

Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-trace-kernel/20230825103432.7750-1-m.kobuk@ispras.ru

Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Fixes: 8fa826b7344d ("trace/hwlat: Implement the mode config option")
Signed-off-by: Mikhail Kobuk <m.kobuk@ispras.ru>
Reviewed-by: Alexey Khoroshilov <khoroshilov@ispras.ru>
Acked-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/hwlat: Replace sched_setaffinity with set_cpus_allowed_ptr

There is a problem with the behavior of hwlat in a container,
resulting in incorrect output. A warning message is generated:
"cpumask changed while in round-robin mode, switching to mode none",
and the tracing_cpumask is ignored. This issue arises because
the kernel thread, hwlatd, is not a part of the container, and
the function sched_setaffinity is unable to locate it using its PID.
Additionally, the task_struct of hwlatd is already known.
Ultimately, the function set_cpus_allowed_ptr achieves
the same outcome as sched_setaffinity, but employs task_struct
instead of PID.

Test case:

# cd /sys/kernel/tracing
# echo 0 > tracing_on
# echo round-robin > hwlat_detector/mode
# echo hwlat > current_tracer
# unshare --fork --pid bash -c 'echo 1 > tracing_on'
# dmesg -c

Actual behavior:

[573502.809060] hwlat_detector: cpumask changed while in round-robin mode, switching to mode none

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-trace-kernel/20230316144535.1004952-1-costa.shul@redhat.com

Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Fixes: 0330f7aa8ee63 ("tracing: Have hwlat trace migrate across tracing_cpumask CPUs")
Signed-off-by: Costa Shulyupin <costa.shul@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Do not start per-cpu thread if it is already running

The hwlatd tracer will end up starting multiple per-cpu threads with
the following script:

#!/bin/sh
cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing
echo 0 > tracing_on
echo hwlat > current_tracer
echo per-cpu > hwlat_detector/mode
echo 100000 > hwlat_detector/width
echo 200000 > hwlat_detector/window
echo 1 > tracing_on

To fix the issue, check if the hwlatd thread for the cpu is already
running, before starting a new one. Along with the previous patch, this
avoids running multiple instances of the same CPU thread on the system.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230302113654.2984709-1-tero.kristo@linux.intel.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230310100451.3948583-3-tero.kristo@linux.intel.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: f46b16520a087 ("trace/hwlat: Implement the per-cpu mode")
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <tero.kristo@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Do not wipe the contents of per-cpu thread data

Do not wipe the contents of the per-cpu kthread data when starting the
tracer, as this will completely forget about already running instances
and can later start new additional per-cpu threads.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20230302113654.2984709-1-tero.kristo@linux.intel.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230310100451.3948583-2-tero.kristo@linux.intel.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: f46b16520a087 ("trace/hwlat: Implement the per-cpu mode")
Signed-off-by: Tero Kristo <tero.kristo@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: make use of the helper function kthread_run_on_cpu()

Replace kthread_create_on_cpu/wake_up_process() with kthread_run_on_cpu()
to simplify the code.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211022025711.3673-7-caihuoqing@baidu.com
Signed-off-by: Cai Huoqing <caihuoqing@baidu.com>
Cc: Bernard Metzler <bmt@zurich.ibm.com>
Cc: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Doug Ledford <dledford@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca>
Cc: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
Cc: Lai Jiangshan <jiangshanlai@gmail.com>
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Cc: "Paul E . McKenney" <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

tracing/hwlat: Make some internal symbols static

The sparse tool complains as follows:

kernel/trace/trace_hwlat.c:82:27: warning: symbol 'hwlat_single_cpu_data' was not declared. Should it be static?
kernel/trace/trace_hwlat.c:83:1: warning: symbol '__pcpu_scope_hwlat_per_cpu_data' was not declared. Should it be static?

This symbol is not used outside of trace_hwlat.c, so this commit
marks it static.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211021035225.1050685-1-bobo.shaobowang@huawei.com

Signed-off-by: Wang ShaoBo <bobo.shaobowang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Disable "other" permission bits in the tracefs files

When building the files in the tracefs file system, do not by default set
any permissions for OTH (other). This will make it easier for admins who
want to define a group for accessing tracefs and not having to first
disable all the permission bits for "other" in the file system.

As tracing can leak sensitive information, it should never by default
allowing all users access. An admin can still set the permission bits for
others to have access, which may be useful for creating a honeypot and
seeing who takes advantage of it and roots the machine.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210818153038.864149276@goodmis.org

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Replace deprecated CPU-hotplug functions.

The functions get_online_cpus() and put_online_cpus() have been
deprecated during the CPU hotplug rework. They map directly to
cpus_read_lock() and cpus_read_unlock().

Replace deprecated CPU-hotplug functions with the official version.
The behavior remains unchanged.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210803141621.780504-37-bigeasy@linutronix.de

Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Quiet smp_processor_id() use in preemptable warning in hwlat

The hardware latency detector (hwlat) has a mode that it runs one thread
across CPUs. The logic to move from the currently running CPU to the next
one in the list does a smp_processor_id() to find where it currently is.
Unfortunately, it's done with preemption enabled, and this triggers a
warning for using smp_processor_id() in a preempt enabled section.

As it is only using smp_processor_id() to get information on where it
currently is in order to simply move it to the next CPU, it doesn't really
care if it got moved in the mean time. It will simply balance out later if
such a case arises.

Switch smp_processor_id() to raw_smp_processor_id() to quiet that warning.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210804141848.79edadc0@oasis.local.home

Acked-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Fixes: 8fa826b7344d ("trace/hwlat: Implement the mode config option")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Support hotplug operations

Enable and disable hwlat thread during cpu hotplug online
and offline operations, respectivelly.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-doc/20210621134636.5b332226@oasis.local.home/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/52012d25ea35491a0f8088b947864d8df8e25157.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Protect kdata->kthread with get/put_online_cpus

In preparation to the hotplug support, protect kdata->kthread
with get/put_online_cpus() to avoid concurrency with hotplug
operations.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-doc/20210621134636.5b332226@oasis.local.home/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/8bdb2a56f46abfd301d6fffbf43448380c09a6f5.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Remove printk from sampling loop

hwlat has some time operation checks on the sample loop, and it is
currently using pr_err (printk) to report them. The problem is that
this can lead the system to an unresponsible state due to an overflow of
printk messages. This problem can be mitigated by writing the error
message to the trace buffer.

Remove the printk messages from the sampling loop, switching the to
messages in the trace buffer.

No functional change.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/9d77c34869748aa105e965c769d24642914eea3a.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Use trace_min_max_param for width and window params

Use the trace_min_max_param to reduce code duplication.

No functional change.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/b91accd5a7c6c14ea02d3379aae974ba22b47dd6.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Implement the per-cpu mode

Implements the per-cpu mode in which a sampling thread is created for
each cpu in the "cpus" (and tracing_mask).

The per-cpu mode has the potention to speed up the hwlat detection by
running on multiple CPUs at the same time, at the cost of higher cpu
usage with irqs disabled. Use with care.

[
Changed get_cpu_data() to static.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
]

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ec06d0ab340e8460d293772faba19ad8a5c371aa.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Switch disable_migrate to mode none

When in the round-robin mode, if the tracer detects a change in the
hwlatd thread affinity by an external tool, e.g., taskset, the
round-robin logic is disabled. The disable_migrate variable currently
tracks this.

With the addition of the "mode" config and the mode "none," the
disable_migrate logic is equivalent to switch to the "none" mode.

Hence, instead of using a hidden variable to track this behavior,
switch the mode to none, informing the user about this change.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/a679af672458d6b1f62252605905c5214030f247.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Implement the mode config option

Provides the "mode" config to the hardware latency detector. hwlatd has
two different operation modes. The default mode is the "round-robin" one,
in which a single hwlatd thread runs, migrating among the allowed CPUs in a
"round-robin" fashion. This is the current behavior.

The "none" sets the allowed cpumask for a single hwlatd thread at the
startup, but skips the round-robin, letting the scheduler handle the
migration.

In preparation to the per-cpu mode.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/f3b1271262aa030c680e26615c1b9b2d71e55e92.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace/hwlat: Fix Clark's email

Clark's email is williams@redhat.com.

No functional change.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/6fa4b49e17ab8a1ff19c335ab7cde38d8afb0e29.1624372313.git.bristot@redhat.com

Cc: Phil Auld <pauld@redhat.com>
Cc: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Kate Carcia <kcarcia@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com>
Cc: Clark Willaims <williams@redhat.com>
Cc: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira <bristot@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix various typos in comments

Fix ~59 single-word typos in the tracing code comments, and fix
the grammar in a handful of places.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210322224546.GA1981273@gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210323174935.GA4176821@gmail.com

Reviewed-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Merge irqflags + preempt counter.

The state of the interrupts (irqflags) and the preemption counter are
both passed down to tracing_generic_entry_update(). Only one bit of
irqflags is actually required: The on/off state. The complete 32bit
of the preemption counter isn't needed. Just whether of the upper bits
(softirq, hardirq and NMI) are set and the preemption depth is needed.

The irqflags and the preemption counter could be evaluated early and the
information stored in an integer `trace_ctx'.
tracing_generic_entry_update() would use the upper bits as the
TRACE_FLAG_* and the lower 8bit as the disabled-preemption depth
(considering that one must be substracted from the counter in one
special cases).

The actual preemption value is not used except for the tracing record.
The `irqflags' variable is mostly used only for the tracing record. An
exception here is for instance wakeup_tracer_call() or
probe_wakeup_sched_switch() which explicilty disable interrupts and use
that `irqflags' to save (and restore) the IRQ state and to record the
state.

Struct trace_event_buffer has also the `pc' and flags' members which can
be replaced with `trace_ctx' since their actual value is not used
outside of trace recording.

This will reduce tracing_generic_entry_update() to simply assign values
to struct trace_entry. The evaluation of the TRACE_FLAG_* bits is moved
to _tracing_gen_ctx_flags() which replaces preempt_count() and
local_save_flags() invocations.

As an example, ftrace_syscall_enter() may invoke:
- trace_buffer_lock_reserve() -> … -> tracing_generic_entry_update()
- event_trigger_unlock_commit()
-> ftrace_trace_stack() -> … -> tracing_generic_entry_update()
-> ftrace_trace_userstack() -> … -> tracing_generic_entry_update()

In this case the TRACE_FLAG_* bits were evaluated three times. By using
the `trace_ctx' they are evaluated once and assigned three times.

A build with all tracers enabled on x86-64 with and without the patch:

text data bss dec hex filename
21970669 17084168 7639260 46694097 2c87ed1 vmlinux.old
21970293 17084168 7639260 46693721 2c87d59 vmlinux.new

text shrank by 379 bytes, data remained constant.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210125194511.3924915-2-bigeasy@linutronix.de

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Remove WARN_ON in start_thread()

This patch reverts commit 978defee11a5 ("tracing: Do a WARN_ON()
if start_thread() in hwlat is called when thread exists")

.start hook can be legally called several times if according
tracer is stopped

screen window 1
[root@localhost ~]# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/tracing/events/kmem/kfree/enable
[root@localhost ~]# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/tracing/options/pause-on-trace
[root@localhost ~]# less -F /sys/kernel/tracing/trace

screen window 2
[root@localhost ~]# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on
0
[root@localhost ~]# echo hwlat > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/current_tracer
[root@localhost ~]# echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on
[root@localhost ~]# cat /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on
0
[root@localhost ~]# echo 2 > /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_on

triggers warning in dmesg:
WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 1403 at kernel/trace/trace_hwlat.c:371 hwlat_tracer_start+0xc9/0xd0

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/bd4d3e70-400d-9c82-7b73-a2d695e86b58@virtuozzo.com

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 978defee11a5 ("tracing: Do a WARN_ON() if start_thread() in hwlat is called when thread exists")
Signed-off-by: Vasily Averin <vvs@virtuozzo.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix some typos in comments

s/detetector/detector/
s/enfoced/enforced/
s/writen/written/
s/actualy/actually/
s/bascially/basically/
s/Regarldess/Regardless/
s/zeroes/zeros/
s/followd/followed/
s/incrememented/incremented/
s/separatelly/separately/
s/accesible/accessible/
s/sythetic/synthetic/
s/enabed/enabled/
s/heurisitc/heuristic/
s/assocated/associated/
s/otherwides/otherwise/
s/specfied/specified/
s/seaching/searching/
s/hierachry/hierarchy/
s/internel/internal/
s/Thise/This/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201029150554.3354-1-hqjagain@gmail.com

Signed-off-by: Qiujun Huang <hqjagain@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: make tracing_init_dentry() returns an integer instead of a d_entry pointer

Current tracing_init_dentry() return a d_entry pointer, while is not
necessary. This function returns NULL on success or error on failure,
which means there is no valid d_entry pointer return.

Let's return 0 on success and negative value for error.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200712011036.70948-5-richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com

Signed-off-by: Wei Yang <richard.weiyang@linux.alibaba.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/hwlat: Honor the tracing_cpumask

In calculation of the cpu mask for the hwlat kernel thread, the wrong
cpu mask is used instead of the tracing_cpumask, this causes the
tracing/tracing_cpumask useless for hwlat tracer. Fixes it.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200730082318.42584-2-haokexin@gmail.com

Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 0330f7aa8ee6 ("tracing: Have hwlat trace migrate across tracing_cpumask CPUs")
Signed-off-by: Kevin Hao <haokexin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/hwlat: Drop the duplicate assignment in start_kthread()

We have set 'current_mask' to '&save_cpumask' in its declaration,
so there is no need to assign again.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200730082318.42584-1-haokexin@gmail.com

Signed-off-by: Kevin Hao <haokexin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have hwlat ts be first instance and record count of instances

The hwlat tracer runs a loop of width time during a given window. It then
reports the max latency over a given threshold and records a timestamp. But
this timestamp is the time after the width has finished, and not the time it
actually triggered.

Record the actual time when the latency was greater than the threshold as
well as the number of times it was greater in a given width per window.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Make struct ring_buffer less ambiguous

As there's two struct ring_buffers in the kernel, it causes some confusion.
The other one being the perf ring buffer. It was agreed upon that as neither
of the ring buffers are generic enough to be used globally, they should be
renamed as:

perf's ring_buffer -> perf_buffer
ftrace's ring_buffer -> trace_buffer

This implements the changes to the ring buffer that ftrace uses.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191213140531.116b3200@gandalf.local.home

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Rename trace_buffer to array_buffer

As we are working to remove the generic "ring_buffer" name that is used by
both tracing and perf, the ring_buffer name for tracing will be renamed to
trace_buffer, and perf's ring buffer will be renamed to perf_buffer.

As there already exists a trace_buffer that is used by the trace_arrays, it
needs to be first renamed to array_buffer.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20191213153553.GE20583@krava

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

simple_recursive_removal(): kernel-side rm -rf for ramfs-style filesystems

two requirements: no file creations in IS_DEADDIR and no cross-directory
renames whatsoever.

Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

tracing/hwlat: Fix a few trivial nits

Update the source file name in the comments, and fix a grammatical
error.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157073346821.17189.8946944856026592247.stgit@srivatsa-ubuntu

Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat (VMware) <srivatsa@csail.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Implement fs notification for tracing_max_latency

This patch implements the feature that the tracing_max_latency file,
e.g. /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_max_latency will receive
notifications through the fsnotify framework when a new latency is
available.

One particularly interesting use of this facility is when enabling
threshold tracing, through /sys/kernel/debug/tracing/tracing_thresh,
together with the preempt/irqsoff tracers. This makes it possible to
implement a user space program that can, with equal probability,
obtain traces of latencies that occur immediately after each other in
spite of the fact that the preempt/irqsoff tracers operate in overwrite
mode.

This facility works with the hwlat, preempt/irqsoff, and wakeup
tracers.

The tracers may call the latency_fsnotify() from places such as
__schedule() or do_idle(); this makes it impossible to call
queue_work() directly without risking a deadlock. The same would
happen with a softirq, kernel thread or tasklet. For this reason we
use the irq_work mechanism to call queue_work().

This patch creates a new workqueue. The reason for doing this is that
I wanted to use the WQ_UNBOUND and WQ_HIGHPRI flags. My thinking was
that WQ_UNBOUND might help with the latency in some important cases.

If we use:

queue_work(system_highpri_wq, &tr->fsnotify_work);

then the work will (almost) always execute on the same CPU but if we are
unlucky that CPU could be too busy while there could be another CPU in
the system that would be able to process the work soon enough.

queue_work_on() could be used to queue the work on another CPU but it
seems difficult to select the right CPU.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191008220824.7911-2-viktor.rosendahl@gmail.com

Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes (Google) <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Signed-off-by: Viktor Rosendahl (BMW) <viktor.rosendahl@gmail.com>
[ Added max() to have one compare for max latency ]
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/hwlat: Don't ignore outer-loop duration when calculating max_latency

max_latency is intended to record the maximum ever observed hardware
latency, which may occur in either part of the loop (inner/outer). So
we need to also consider the outer-loop sample when updating
max_latency.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157073345463.17189.18124025522664682811.stgit@srivatsa-ubuntu

Fixes: e7c15cd8a113 ("tracing: Added hardware latency tracer")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat (VMware) <srivatsa@csail.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing/hwlat: Report total time spent in all NMIs during the sample

nmi_total_ts is supposed to record the total time spent in *all* NMIs
that occur on the given CPU during the (active portion of the)
sampling window. However, the code seems to be overwriting this
variable for each NMI, thereby only recording the time spent in the
most recent NMI. Fix it by accumulating the duration instead.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/157073343544.17189.13911783866738671133.stgit@srivatsa-ubuntu

Fixes: 7b2c86250122 ("tracing: Add NMI tracing in hwlat detector")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Srivatsa S. Bhat (VMware) <srivatsa@csail.mit.edu>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

sched/core: Provide a pointer to the valid CPU mask

In commit:

4b53a3412d66 ("sched/core: Remove the tsk_nr_cpus_allowed() wrapper")

the tsk_nr_cpus_allowed() wrapper was removed. There was not
much difference in !RT but in RT we used this to implement
migrate_disable(). Within a migrate_disable() section the CPU mask is
restricted to single CPU while the "normal" CPU mask remains untouched.

As an alternative implementation Ingo suggested to use:

struct task_struct {
const cpumask_t *cpus_ptr;
cpumask_t cpus_mask;
};
with
t->cpus_ptr = &t->cpus_mask;

In -RT we then can switch the cpus_ptr to:

t->cpus_ptr = &cpumask_of(task_cpu(p));

in a migration disabled region. The rules are simple:

- Code that 'uses' ->cpus_allowed would use the pointer.
- Code that 'modifies' ->cpus_allowed would use the direct mask.

Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190423142636.14347-1-bigeasy@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

tracing: Add SPDX License format tags to tracing files

Add the SPDX License header to ease license compliance management.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Do a WARN_ON() if start_thread() in hwlat is called when thread exists

The start function of the hwlat tracer should never be called when the hwlat
thread already exists. If it is called, do a WARN_ON().

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

ftrace: Add missing check for existing hwlat thread

The hwlat tracer uses a kernel thread to measure latencies. The function
that creates this kernel thread, start_kthread(), can be called when the
tracer is initialized and when the tracer is explicitly enabled.
start_kthread() does not check if there is an existing hwlat kernel
thread and will create a new one each time it is called.

This causes the reference to the previous thread to be lost. Without the
thread reference, the old kernel thread becomes unstoppable and
continues to use CPU time even after the hwlat tracer has been disabled.
This problem can be observed when a system is booted with tracing
enabled and the hwlat tracer is configured like this:

echo hwlat > current_tracer; echo 1 > tracing_on

Add the missing check for an existing kernel thread in start_kthread()
to prevent this problem. This function and the rest of the hwlat kernel
thread setup and teardown are already serialized because they are called
through the tracer core code with trace_type_lock held.

[
Note, this only fixes the symptom. The real fix was not to call
this function when tracing_on was already one. But this still makes
the code more robust, so we'll add it.
]

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1533120354-22923-1-git-send-email-erica.bugden@linutronix.de

Signed-off-by: Erica Bugden <erica.bugden@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

trace: make trace_hwlat timestamp y2038 safe

struct timespec is not y2038 safe on 32 bit machines and needs to be
replaced by struct timespec64 in order to represent times beyond year
2038 on such machines.

Fix all the timestamp representation in struct trace_hwlat and all the
corresponding implementations.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1491613030-11599-3-git-send-email-deepa.kernel@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to <linux/sched/clock.h>

We are going to split <linux/sched/clock.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/clock.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

tracing/hwlat: Update old comment about migration

The ftrace hwlat does support a cpumask.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170213122517.6e211955@redhat.com

Signed-off-by: Luiz Capitulino <lcapitulino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Clean up the hwlat binding code

Instead of initializing the affinity of the hwlat kthread in the thread
itself, simply set up the initial affinity at thread creation. This
simplifies the code.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Fix hwlat kthread migration

The hwlat tracer creates a kernel thread at start of the tracer. It is
pinned to a single CPU and will move to the next CPU after each period of
running. If the user modifies the migration thread's affinity, it will not
change after that happens.

The original code created the thread at the first instance it was called,
but later was changed to destroy the thread after the tracer was finished,
and would not be created until the next instance of the tracer was
established. The code that initialized the affinity was only called on the
initial instantiation of the tracer. After that, it was not initialized, and
the previous affinity did not match the current newly created one, making
it appear that the user modified the thread's affinity when it did not, and
the thread failed to migrate again.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 0330f7aa8ee6 ("tracing: Have hwlat trace migrate across tracing_cpumask CPUs")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Make __buffer_unlock_commit() always_inline

The function __buffer_unlock_commit() is called in a few places outside of
trace.c. But for the most part, it should really be inlined, as it is in the
hot path of the trace_events. For the callers outside of trace.c, create a
new function trace_buffer_unlock_commit_nostack(), as the reason it was used
was to avoid the stack tracing that trace_buffer_unlock_commit() could do.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161121183700.GW26852@two.firstfloor.org

Reported-by: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Add NMI tracing in hwlat detector

As NMIs can also cause latency when interrupts are disabled, the hwlat
detectory has no way to know if the latency it detects is from an NMI or an
SMI or some other hardware glitch.

As ftrace_nmi_enter/exit() funtions are no longer used (except for sh, which
isn't supported anymore), I converted those to "arch_ftrace_nmi_enter/exit"
and use ftrace_nmi_enter/exit() to check if hwlat detector is tracing or
not, and if so, it calls into the hwlat utility.

Since the hwlat detector only has a single kthread that is spinning with
interrupts disabled, it marks what CPU it is on, and if the NMI callback
happens on that CPU, it records the time spent in that NMI. This is added to
the output that is generated by the hwlat detector as:

#3 inner/outer(us): 9/9 ts:1470836488.206734548
#4 inner/outer(us): 0/8 ts:1470836497.140808588
#5 inner/outer(us): 0/6 ts:1470836499.140825168 nmi-total:5 nmi-count:1
#6 inner/outer(us): 9/9 ts:1470836501.140841748

All time is still tracked in microseconds.

The NMI information is only shown when an NMI occurred during the sample.

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Have hwlat trace migrate across tracing_cpumask CPUs

Instead of having the hwlat detector thread stay on one CPU, have it migrate
across all the CPUs specified by tracing_cpumask. If the user modifies the
thread's CPU affinity, the migration will stop until the next instance that
the tracer is instantiated. The migration happens at the end of each window
(period).

Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

tracing: Added hardware latency tracer

The hardware latency tracer has been in the PREEMPT_RT patch for some time.
It is used to detect possible SMIs or any other hardware interruptions that
the kernel is unaware of. Note, NMIs may also be detected, but that may be
good to note as well.

The logic is pretty simple. It simply creates a thread that spins on a
single CPU for a specified amount of time (width) within a periodic window
(window). These numbers may be adjusted by their cooresponding names in

/sys/kernel/tracing/hwlat_detector/

The defaults are window = 1000000 us (1 second)
width = 500000 us (1/2 second)

The loop consists of:

t1 = trace_clock_local();
t2 = trace_clock_local();

Where trace_clock_local() is a variant of sched_clock().

The difference of t2 - t1 is recorded as the "inner" timestamp and also the
timestamp t1 - prev_t2 is recorded as the "outer" timestamp. If either of
these differences are greater than the time denoted in
/sys/kernel/tracing/tracing_thresh then it records the event.

When this tracer is started, and tracing_thresh is zero, it changes to the
default threshold of 10 us.

The hwlat tracer in the PREEMPT_RT patch was originally written by
Jon Masters. I have modified it quite a bit and turned it into a
tracer.

Based-on-code-by: Jon Masters <jcm@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>