Purge more stray embedded $FreeBSD$ strings

These do not use __FBSDID but instead use bare char arrays.

Reviewed by: imp, emaste
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D41957

Mark usage function as __dead2 in programs where it does not return

In most cases, usage does not return, so mark them as __dead2. For the
cases where they do return, they have not been marked __dead2.

Reviewed by: imp
Pull Request: https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd-src/pull/735

spdx: The BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD identifier is obsolete, drop -FreeBSD

The SPDX folks have obsoleted the BSD-2-Clause-FreeBSD identifier. Catch
up to that fact and revert to their recommended match of BSD-2-Clause.

Discussed with: pfg
MFC After: 3 days
Sponsored by: Netflix

Fix the following -Werror warning from clang 10.0.0 in newfs_msdos:

sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c:181:2: error: misleading indentation; statement is not part of the previous 'if' [-Werror,-Wmisleading-indentation]
if (o.align) {
^
sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c:179:5: note: previous statement is here
if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
^

MFC after: 3 days

Fix a couple of minor issues with newfs_msdos:

- Do not unnecessarily strdup().
- Check return value of getdiskinfo(), if it failed, bail out.

Reviewed by: imp
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D22729

Explicitly exit() instead of return in main().

MFC after: 2 weeks

newfs_msdos: -A is incompatible with -r, not -o.

PR: 242314
Submitted by: Guy Yur <guyyur gmail com>
MFC after: 2 weeks

Added option to cluster-align the start of the root directory.

Obtained from: Android
Obtained from: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/052f27562154d175267999106bd6bf18fc8c363e
Obtained from: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/8218b6aae9cd4a19fa074a8a8203fe9275b35447
MFC after: 1 month
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D15672

various: general adoption of SPDX licensing ID tags.

Mainly focus on files that use BSD 2-Clause license, however the tool I
was using misidentified many licenses so this was mostly a manual - error
prone - task.

The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.

No functional change intended.

newfs_msdos: add -T (timestamp) option for reproducible builds

This includes some whitespace and minor bug fixes relative to NetBSD,
which will be submitted upstream at the conclusion of the makefs
msdos update.

NetBSD revs:
mkfs_msdos.c 1.11
mkfs_msdos.h 1.4
newfs_msdos.8 1.22
newfs_msdos.c 1.44

Submitted by: Siva Mahadevan <smahadevan@freebsdfoundation.org>
Reviewed by: emaste
Obtained from: NetBSD
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Use netbsd usage() implementation in newfs_msdos

In r289629 newfs_msdos option descriptions are available in
mkfs_msdos.h.

Obtained from: NetBSD

newfs_msdos: rework error handling for eventual use in makefs

Return -1 on errors from mkfs_msdos() instead of err()/errx(), to
allow different consumers to handle errors as appropriate.

Obtained from: NetBSD
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

newfs_msdos: move mkfs_msdos to separate file for later use in makefs

Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

newfs_msdos: rework option parsing to match NetBSD

NetBSD split newfs_msdos in two so that they can reuse the file system
creation part in makefs. This change is a step on the path of bringing
that support to FreeBSD.

Reviewed by: kib, pfg
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D3905

Remove old ioctl use and support, once and for all.

Use "NO NAME" as the default unnamed label.

Microsoft recommends avoiding the use of spaces in the
string structures for FAT. Unfortunately they do just
that by default in the case of unlabeled filesystems.

Follow the default MS behavior to avoid confusion in
common tools like file(1). This was actually the
default behavior before r203868.

Obtained from: NetBSD (CVS rev. 1.39)
MFC after: 3 days

Small cleanup: mostly whitespace vs. tabs.

Correct min/max cluster counts for FAT12/16/32

FAT12 1..4084
FAT16 4085..65524
FAT32 65525..

This is required for interoperability with other FAT implementations,
and in particular UEFI.

Obtained from: NetBSD
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

newfs_msdos: fix inaccurate comments.

The fields from deMTime and deMDate in the DOS directory entry
are actually the last-modified time/date.

According to some online documentation these are the only
timestamps available in FAT12/FAT16.

MFC after: 3 days

newfs_msdos: cosmetical cleanups

- Simplify diagnostic messages.
- Adopt lowercase first letters to make the messages
more canonical.

PR: bin/175404
Submitted by: Christoph Mallon
Reviewed by: bde
MFC after: 3 days

Many style fixes.
Remove C99 initializers: they don't help in this case.
Set errno to 0 before strtoll() (from NetBSD).

PR: 151850
Suggested by: bde
Approved by: jhb (Mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Use __packed to prevent alignment from taking place, which otherwise may
change the on-disk format in an incompatible way. Without this change,
msdosfs created on FreeBSD/arm would not be mountable.

PR: bin/162486
Submitted by: Ian Lepore <freebsd damnhippie dyndns org>
Reported by: Mattia Rossi <mrossi at swin.edu.au>
MFC after: 3 days

Use NULL instead of 0 for third argument of sigaction(2).

Pointed by: kib
MFC after: 2 weeks

Add SIGINFO handler.

Reviewed by: kib
Obtained from: NetBSD (partly)
MFC after: 2 weeks

A new jail(8) with a configuration file, to replace the work currently done
by /etc/rc.d/jail.

MFC r203869:
Rename variables to match msdosfs headers.

MFC r203868:
Some cleanups from NetBSD.

Create the altix project branch. The altix project will add support
for the SGI Altix 350 to FreeBSD/ia64. The hardware used for porting
is a two-module system, consisting of a base compute module and a
CPU expansion module. SGI's NUMAFlex architecture can be an excellent
platform to test CPU affinity and NUMA-aware features in FreeBSD.

Rename variables to match msdosfs headers.

Submitted by: Pedro F. Giffuni <giffunip tutopia com>
Reviewed by: bde
MFC after: 2 weeks

Some cleanups from NetBSD:
- C99 initializers.
- Change the default volume label from "NO NAME" to "NO_NAME".
- Set OEM String to "BSD4.4 " following the unnamed spacing convention
in that other OS that suggests "MSWIN4.1"
Also, David Naylor's changes for Clang, mostly changing the signess
of constants.

Submitted by: Pedro F. Giffuni <giffunip tutopia com>
Clang fixes by: David Naylor <naylor.b.david gmail com>
Reviewed by: bde (with some disagreement about Clang issues)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Do not prepend /dev/ when -C is used.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

When using -C, do not warn when the file is not a character device, but warn when it is not a regular file.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Fix a bug in r185587.

fstat(fd, &sb) was not executed unconditionally anymore so sb was read
uninitialised when -C is used.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Use ftruncate() instead of lseek()+write()+lseek() to set the created
file (-C) to the requested size.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

De-static local variables in main() (which is not recursive) and const-ify
others.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Show -@ and -C in usage, which were added in r185587.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Clean up the usage() function to use a single fprintf().

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

newfs_msdos: allow to work with media that doesn't have any CHS params

Either use parameters provided by user or make them up.
The code for faking CHS params is borrowed from disklabel code.
The logic for using user-provided and auto-guessed parameters is not
perfect, so to speak.

PR: bin/121182
Approved by: jhb (mentor)

Fix build - cast off_t to (intmax_t) for printing.

Some useful operational extensions to newfs_msdos, especially
when preparing images for emulators or flash devices:

+ option '-C size' to create the underlying image file with given size.
Saves doing a 'dd' before, and especially it creates a sparse file

+ option '-@ offset' to build the FAT image at the specified offset
in the image file or device;

+ make the cluster size adaptive on the filesystem size.
Previously the default was 4k which is really unconvenient with
large media; now it goes from 512 bytes to 32k depending on
filesystem size (i still need to check whether it makes sense
to go further up, to 64k or above);

+ fix default geometry when not specified on the command line,
use 63 sectors/255 heads by default.
Also trim the size so it exactly a multiple of a track, to avoid
complaints in some filesystem code.

+ document all the above, plus some manual page clarifications.

MFC after: 4 weeks

Create a fake geometry (16 heads, 64 sectors) when dealing with
a plain file and a geometry is not explicitly supplied through
command line or disktab entry.

This way you can a FAT image on a file as simply as this:

newfs_msdos ./some/file

(right now you need a much longer command

newfs_msdos -h 32 -u 64 -S 512 -s $total_blocks -o 0 ./some/file

Will be merged after 7.1 and 6.4 are released.
See also the related PR which suggests a similar change.

PR: bin/121182
MFC after: 4 weeks

- Import the HEAD csup code which is the basis for the cvsmode work.

The newfs_msdos utility does not store the boot signature in the
correct place on large sector disks. The boot signature should be at
offset 0x1fe in the BPB; newfs_msdos currently stores it 2 bytes from
the end of the sector.

Taken from: NetBSD

WARNS=6 cleanup:

- Initialize everything in the struct array, not only the mentioned
ones
- Unconditionally initialize hs to 0 to avoid repeatly doing so
- Cast to unsigned int when comparing to unsigned variables.

Remove unnecessary newlines from errx() arguments.

Bring newfs_msdos into the GEOM world. Totally rewrite and simplify
getdiskinfo(). For the fixed-disk case, bpb->hid probably isn't
handled correctly, but I'm not sure if this is a serious problem since
the primary use of this program is to format floppy disks.

Reviewed by: phk

EFI GPT partitions use 'p' as a slice seperator. eg: da0p1 or da0p217.
(There is a theoretical limit of 16384 partitions)

s/filesystem/file system/g as discussed on -developers

more file system > filesystem

Don't depend on <sys/stat.h> bogusly including <sys/time.h> (and thereby
<time.h>).

Remove redundant code left over on removal of /dev/rXXX handling
in r1.12.

Partially revert r1.12, in which a warnx() if the device is not a
character device is changed to an errx(). This unnecessarily
compromises device independence.

Fix the reporting of a raw device node.

Change a warnx to an errx since we should only attempt to use
this utility on a character device.

Approved by: green

Better error message for a case that I hit.

Added 640KB and 1232KB formats, which were standard MS-DOS formats of
2DD and 2HD disks in Japan.

Submitted by: Shigeharu TAKENO <shige@iee.niit.ac.jp>
Pointed out by: chi@bd.mbn.or.jp (Chiharu Shibata)

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

Avoid ambigious if-else

Clean up some more residual /usr/mdec references. I left all the
extra rbootd/boot rom cruft pointing at /usr/mdec since it either
doesn't exist or doesn't work anyway, so who cares? :)

Use '#' flag in place of "0x" in format strings.

Don't assume that time_t is long.

Minor consistency fixes.

Reverse charnier's changes to usage.

Correct use of .Nm. Remove unused #includes. Short usage() string, see man
page for details.

Add newfs_msdos: extensive newfs-style support for creating FAT12,
FAT16, and FAT32 file systems in all their various horriblenesses.

Approved-in-concept by: joerg