lib{c,sys}: return wrapped syscall APIs to libc

These provide standard APIs, but are implemented using another system
call (e.g., pipe implemented in terms of pipe2) or are interposed by the
threading library to support cancelation.

After discussion with kib (see D44111), I've concluded that it is
better to keep most public interfaces in libc with as little
as possible in libsys.

Reviewed by: kib
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D44241

libc: Purge unneeded cdefs.h

These sys/cdefs.h are not needed. Purge them. They are mostly left-over
from the $FreeBSD$ removal. A few in libc are still required for macros
that cdefs.h defines. Keep those.

Sponsored by: Netflix
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D42385

ino64: Remove 'forward compat' code for this

Forward compatibility code was added for running newer ino64 binaries on
older kernels as a transition aide. Now that ino64 has been in the tree
6 years, this code is no longer useful and should have been removed long
ago. Remove it now. Should be no user-visible changes at this point as
all the 'upgrade' scenarios it was intended for are long since past.

Also need to remove this stuff from rtld since the _foo versions
no longer exist.

Sponsored by: Netflix
Reviewed by: kib
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D42382

Remove $FreeBSD$: one-line .c pattern

Remove /^[\s*]*__FBSDID\("\$FreeBSD\$"\);?\s*\n/

Regularize my copyright notice

o Remove All Rights Reserved from my notices
o imp@FreeBSD.org everywhere
o regularize punctiation, eliminate date ranges
o Make sure that it's clear that I don't claim All Rights reserved by listing
All Rights Reserved on same line as other copyright holders (but not
me). Other such holders are also listed last where it's clear.

Forward compatibility for ino64.

Add forward compatibility so that new binaries can run on old
kernels. If the new system call from ino64 isn't available on your
system, then the old one will be used and the results translated. The
stat and statfs families of functions are fully emulated. While not
required by policy, in this case it is helpful to our users to provide
this compatibility. In this case, it allows rollback of the kernel
after installing a new userland should a problem be discovered. It
also prevents foot-shooting if a user does an install before rebooting
with the new kernel. Finally, it allows the use case where one needs
to run new binaries on an old kernel as part of an upgrade process.

The getdirentries family uses tricks that may not work on remote
filesystems. Specifically, it uses a buffer 1/4 the size requested to
get the data from he old syscall.

The code carefully uses direct syscalls for old system calls to avoid
referencing freebsd11_* symbols, which contaminate ld-elf.so.1's
export table due to its use of stat functions, which causes errno to
be incorrect in client programs due to the wrong *stat* function being
resolved in some cases.

This code should removed sometime after 12 is branched.

Tested on: 12-current binaries on a 10.3-beta kernel run and return
consistent results. 12-current kernel and userland with
packages from before ino64 was committed also work.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D11185
Reviewed by: kib@, emaste@

Commit the 64-bit inode project.

Extend the ino_t, dev_t, nlink_t types to 64-bit ints. Modify
struct dirent layout to add d_off, increase the size of d_fileno
to 64-bits, increase the size of d_namlen to 16-bits, and change
the required alignment. Increase struct statfs f_mntfromname[] and
f_mntonname[] array length MNAMELEN to 1024.

ABI breakage is mitigated by providing compatibility using versioned
symbols, ingenious use of the existing padding in structures, and
by employing other tricks. Unfortunately, not everything can be
fixed, especially outside the base system. For instance, third-party
APIs which pass struct stat around are broken in backward and
forward incompatible ways.

Kinfo sysctl MIBs ABI is changed in backward-compatible way, but
there is no general mechanism to handle other sysctl MIBS which
return structures where the layout has changed. It was considered
that the breakage is either in the management interfaces, where we
usually allow ABI slip, or is not important.

Struct xvnode changed layout, no compat shims are provided.

For struct xtty, dev_t tty device member was reduced to uint32_t.
It was decided that keeping ABI compat in this case is more useful
than reporting 64-bit dev_t, for the sake of pstat.

Update note: strictly follow the instructions in UPDATING. Build
and install the new kernel with COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option enabled,
then reboot, and only then install new world.

Credits: The 64-bit inode project, also known as ino64, started life
many years ago as a project by Gleb Kurtsou (gleb). Kirk McKusick
(mckusick) then picked up and updated the patch, and acted as a
flag-waver. Feedback, suggestions, and discussions were carried
by Ed Maste (emaste), John Baldwin (jhb), Jilles Tjoelker (jilles),
and Rick Macklem (rmacklem). Kris Moore (kris) performed an initial
ports investigation followed by an exp-run by Antoine Brodin (antoine).
Essential and all-embracing testing was done by Peter Holm (pho).
The heavy lifting of coordinating all these efforts and bringing the
project to completion were done by Konstantin Belousov (kib).

Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation (emaste, kib)
Differential revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D10439