lib: Automated cleanup of cdefs and other formatting

Apply the following automated changes to try to eliminate
no-longer-needed sys/cdefs.h includes as well as now-empty
blank lines in a row.

Remove /^#if.*\n#endif.*\n#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>.*\n/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>.*\n+#if.*\n#endif.*\n+/
Remove /\n+#if.*\n#endif.*\n+/
Remove /^#if.*\n#endif.*\n/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>\n#include\s+<sys/types.h>/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>\n#include\s+<sys/param.h>/
Remove /\n+#include\s+<sys/cdefs.h>\n#include\s+<sys/capsicum.h>/

Sponsored by: Netflix

lib: Remove ancient SCCS tags.

Remove ancient SCCS tags from the tree, automated scripting, with two
minor fixup to keep things compiling. All the common forms in the tree
were removed with a perl script.

Sponsored by: Netflix

libc: Purge unneeded cdefs.h

These sys/cdefs.h are not needed. Purge them. They are mostly left-over
from the $FreeBSD$ removal. A few in libc are still required for macros
that cdefs.h defines. Keep those.

Sponsored by: Netflix
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D42385

libc: Implement N2680.

This adds specific width length modifiers in the form of wN and wfN (where N is 8, 16, 32, or 64) which allow printing intN_t and int_fastN_t without resorting to casts or PRI macros.

Reviewed by: imp, emaste
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D41725

libc: Fix fixed-width case in the new integer parser.

Fixes: d9dc1603d6e4
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D41622

libc: Implement N2630.

This adds formatted input/output of binary integer numbers to the printf(), scanf(), and strtol() families, including their wide-character counterparts.

Reviewed by: imp, emaste
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D41511

Remove $FreeBSD$: one-line .c pattern

Remove /^[\s*]*__FBSDID\("\$FreeBSD\$"\);?\s*\n/

libc: drop "All rights reserved" from Foundation copyrights

This has already been done for most files that have the Foundation as
the only listed copyright holder. Do it now for files that list
multiple copyright holders, but have the Foundation copyright in its own
section.

Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

libc/stdio/vfwscanf.c::convert_wstring(): wcp0 is write-only

The function fwscanf() return value is wrong when encountering an early
matching failure.

According to the Open Group documentation for fwscanf:
"Upon successful completion, these functions shall return the number of
successfully matched and assigned input items; this number can be zero in
the event of an early matching failure."

Without this change, fwscanf would return EOF in the case of an early
matching failure, instead of the proper return value of 0.

This change aligns fwscanf(3) with the implementation in fscanf(3).

PR: 202240
Submitted by: rajendra.sy@gmail.com
Reviewed by: jhb, cem
Approved by: sjg (mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D13288

General further adoption of SPDX licensing ID tags.

Mainly focus on files that use BSD 3-Clause license.

The Software Package Data Exchange (SPDX) group provides a specification
to make it easier for automated tools to detect and summarize well known
opensource licenses. We are gradually adopting the specification, noting
that the tags are considered only advisory and do not, in any way,
superceed or replace the license texts.

Special thanks to Wind River for providing access to "The Duke of
Highlander" tool: an older (2014) run over FreeBSD tree was useful as a
starting point.

Make stdio deferred cancel-safe.

If used with fopen(3)/fdopen(3)-ed FILEs, stdio accurately uses
non-cancellable internal versions of the functions, i.e. it seems to
be fine with regard to cancellation. But if the funopen(3) and
f{r,w}open(3) functions were used to open the FILE, and corresponding
user functions create cancellation points (they typically have no
other choice), then stdio code at least leaks FILE' lock.

The change installs cleanup handler which unlocks FILE. Some minimal
restructuring of the code was required to make it use common return
place to satisfy hand-rolled pthread_cleanup_pop() requirements.

Noted by: eugen
Reviewed by: eugen, vangyzen
Tested by: pho
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation
MFC after: 2 weeks
Differential revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D11246

Renumber clauses to reduce diffs to other versions

NetBSD, OpenBSD, and Android's Bionic all number the clauses 1 through 3,
so follow suit to make comparison easier.

Acked-by: imp@

Remove incorrect __restrict qualifier on several pointers

The typical case was:
static __inline int
convert_ccl(FILE *fp, char * __restrict p, [...])
{
[...]

if (p == SUPPRESS_PTR) {
[...]
} else {
[...]
}

[...]
}

This qualifier says that the pointer is the only one at that time
pointing to the resource.

Here, clang considers that "p" will never match "SUPPRESS_PTR" and
optimize the if{} block out. This leads to segfaults in programs calling
vfscanf(3) and vfwscanf(3) with just the format string (no arguments
following it).

The following softwares were reported to abort with segmentation fault
and this patch fixes it:
o cmake
o smartd
o devel/ORBit2

dim@ opened an LLVM PR to discuss this clang optimization:
http://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=12656

Tested by: bsam@

Fix a bug in *wscanf's handling of non-wide %s, %c, and %[
conversions. Both the specification and the documentation say the
width is interpreted as the max number of wide characters to read, but
the implementation was interpreting it as the number of bytes to convert.
(See also r105317.)

This change has security implications for any applications that depend
on the buggy behavior, but the impact in practice is probably nil.
Any such application would already be buggy on other platforms that
get the semantics right. Also, these conversions are rarely used;
%ls, %lc, and %l[ are more appropriate.

Bugfix: Include whitespace characters in the count of the number of
characters read.

Bugfix: %n doesn't count as a conversion, so
sscanf("abc", "ab%ncd", &i) returns EOF, not 0.

Refactor scanf to improve modularity. Conversions are now performed
by separate conversion functions. This will hopefully make bugs more
noticeable (I noticed several already) and provide opportunities to
reduce code duplication.

Implement xlocale APIs from Darwin, mainly for use by libc++. This adds a
load of _l suffixed versions of various standard library functions that use
the global locale, making them take an explicit locale parameter. Also
adds support for per-thread locales. This work was funded by the FreeBSD
Foundation.

Please test any code you have that uses the C standard locale functions!

Reviewed by: das (gdtoa changes)
Approved by: dim (mentor)

A new jail(8) with a configuration file, to replace the work currently done
by /etc/rc.d/jail.

Create the altix project branch. The altix project will add support
for the SGI Altix 350 to FreeBSD/ia64. The hardware used for porting
is a two-module system, consisting of a base compute module and a
CPU expansion module. SGI's NUMAFlex architecture can be an excellent
platform to test CPU affinity and NUMA-aware features in FreeBSD.

- Add support for multibyte decimal_point encodings, e.g., U+066B.
A forthcoming gdtoa import is needed to make this fully work.
- Improve the way "nan(...)" is parsed.

- Import the HEAD csup code which is the basis for the cvsmode work.

Remove some test instrumentation. (The Symbol.map changes broke it anyway.)

Per Regents of the University of Calfornia letter, remove advertising
clause.

# If I've done so improperly on a file, please let me know.

Add missing #if's for NO_FLOATING_POINT

Include <sys/types.h> and <limits.h> ourselves, don't assume they are included
through <pthread.h>.

gen/sem.c: Prerequisite for <_semaphore.h>
net/getprotoent.c: USHRT_MAX
net/getservent.c: USHRT_MAX
stdio/ungetwc.c: MB_LEN_MAX
stdio/vfwscanf.c: MB_LEN_MAX

Remove bogus FBSDID.

Merge vfscanf.c, v1.37:
- s/#ifdef FLOATING_POINT/#ifndef NO_FLOATING_POINT/

Prepare to handle trivial state-dependent encodings. Full support for
state-dependent encodings with locking shifts will come later if there
is demand for it.

Merge vfscanf.c,v 1.35.

Make intentions explicit with additional parenthesis.

Pass NULL instead of a pointer to a zeroed mbstate_t object.

Fix two incorrect uses of sizeof: we need to divide the size of the buffer
by sizeof(wchar_t) to get the number of wide characters it contains.
Remove the !hardway micro-optimisation from the CT_INT case to avoid
having to fix it for wide characters.

Merge recent floating point conversion changes from vfscanf.c.

No need to include floatio.h here: vfscanf() no longer uses anything
it defines.

The field width for single-byte string conversions (%c, %s, %[) is the
maximum number of bytes that may be stored in the array, not the maximum
number of wide characters to read. The wording of the standard unfortunately
does not make this clear.

Remove an unneeded call to _sfrefill() that was missed in the conversion
from vfscanf() to vfwscanf(). It doesn't hurt to have it there, but it's
redundant since __fgetwc() will refill the buffer if it needs to.

Add implementations of wscanf() and related functions: fwscanf(), swscanf(),
vfwscanf(), vswscanf(), vwscanf(). As the name suggests, these are wide-
character versions of the scanf() family of functions.