Remove compat hacks from libcxxrt's _Unwind_Exception

This reverts 9097e3cbcac4, which was in itself a revert of upstream
libcxxrt commits 88bdf6b290da ("Specify double-word alignment for ARM
unwind") and b96169641f79 ("Updated Itanium unwind"), and a
reapplication of our commit 3c4fd2463bb2 ("libcxxrt: add padding in
__cxa_allocate_* to fix alignment").

The editors/libreoffice port will be patched to be able to cope with the
standards-compliant alignment of _Unwind_Exception and consequently,
that of __cxa_exception. The layouts and sizes of these structures
should then be completely the same for libcxxrt, libunwind and
libc++abi.

PR: 262008
Reviewed by: emaste, jhb, theraven
MFC after: 3 days
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D34488

Partially revert libcxxrt changes to avoid _Unwind_Exception change

(Note I am also applying this to main and stable/13, to restore the old
libcxxrt ABI and to avoid having to maintain a compat library.)

After the recent cherry-picking of libcxxrt commits 0ee0dbfb0d26 and
d2b3fadf2db5, users reported that editors/libreoffice packages from the
official package builders did not start anymore. It turns out that the
combination of these commits subtly changes the ABI, requiring all
applications that depend on internal details of struct _Unwind_Exception
(available via unwind-arm.h and unwind-itanium.h) to be recompiled.

However, the FreeBSD package builders always use -RELEASE jails, so
these still use the old declaration of struct _Unwind_Exception, which
is not entirely compatible. In particular, LibreOffice uses this struct
in its internal "uno bridge" component, where it attempts to setup its
own exception handling mechanism.

To fix this incompatibility, go back to the old declarations of struct
_Unwind_Exception, and restore the __LP64__ specific workaround we had
in place before (which was to cope with yet another, older ABI bug).

Effectively, this reverts upstream libcxxrt commits 88bdf6b290da
("Specify double-word alignment for ARM unwind") and b96169641f79
("Updated Itanium unwind"), and reapplies our commit 3c4fd2463bb2
("libcxxrt: add padding in __cxa_allocate_* to fix alignment").

PR: 253840

Include <stdint.h> in unwind-arm.h, since it uses uint32_t and uint64_t
in various declarations.

Otherwise, depending on how unwind-arm.h is included from other source
files, the compiler may complain that uint32_t and uint64_t are unknown
types.

MFC after: 3 days

Add _US_ACTION_MASK to libcxxrt's arm-specific unwind header. This
value is used in newer versions of compiler-rt.

MFC after: 3 days

Since newer versions of compiler-rt require unwind.h, and we want to use
the copy in libcxxrt for it, fix the arm-specific header to define the
_Unwind_Action type.

Submitted by: andrew
MFC after: 3 days