MFC r338646: dd(1): Correct padding in status=progress

Output padding is specified via outlen, which is set using the return value
of fprintf. Because it's printing that padding plus a trailing byte, it
grows by one each iteration rather than reflecting actual length.

Additionally, iec was sized improperly for scaling up similarly to si.
Fixing this revealed that the humanize_number(3) call to populate persec
was using the wrong width.

MFC r337505, r337865, r337869: dd status=progress

r337505:
dd: add status=progress support

This reports the current status on a single line every second, mirroring
similar functionality in GNU dd, and carefully interacts with SIGINFO.

PR: 229615

r337865:
dd: Incorporate some changes from imp for status=progress

Notable changes from what landed in r337505:
- sigalarm handler isn't setup unless we're actually using it
- Humanized versions of the amount of data transferred in the progress
update

r337869:
dd(1): Kill off duplicate progress definition following r337865

Revert r330897:

This was intended to be a non-functional change. It wasn't. The commit
message was thus wrong. In addition it broke arm, and merged crypto
related code.

Revert with prejudice.

This revert skips files touched in r316370 since that commit was since
MFCed. This revert also skips files that require $FreeBSD$ property
changes.

Thank you to those who helped me get out of this mess including but not
limited to gonzo, kevans, rgrimes.

Requested by: gjb (re)

Partial merge of the SPDX changes

These changes are incomplete but are making it difficult
to determine what other changes can/should be merged.

No objections from: pfg

Copy head@r302406 to stable/11 as part of the 11.0-RELEASE cycle.
Prune svn:mergeinfo from the new branch, as nothing has been merged
here.

Additional commits post-branch will follow.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Add speed limit to dd(1). This is useful for testing RCTL disk io limits
(when they actually get committed, that is), and might also come in handy
in other situations.

Reviewed by: wblock@ (man page)
MFC after: 1 month
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

Incorporate feedback from bde and jilles regarding r265472 to dd(1).

* Don't use sysexits.h. Just exit 1 on error and 0 otherwise.
* Don't sacrifice precision by converting the output of clock_gettime() to a
double and then comparing the results. Instead, subtract the values of
the two clock_gettime() calls, then convert to double.
* Don't use CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE. It's an unportable synonym for
CLOCK_MONOTONIC.
* Use more appropriate names for some local variables.
* In the summary message, round elapsed time to the nearest microsecond.

Reported by: bde, jilles
MFC after: 3 days
X-MFC-With: 265472

dd(1) uses gettimeofday(2) to compute the throughput statistics. However,
gettimeofday returns the system clock, which may jump forward or back,
especially if NTP is in use. If the time jumps backwards, then dd will see
negative elapsed time, round it up to 1usec, and print an absurdly fast
transfer rate.

The solution is to use clock_gettime(2) with CLOCK_MONOTONIC_PRECISE as the
clock_id. That clock advances steadily, regardless of changes to the system
clock.

Reviewed by: delphij
MFC after: 3 days
Sponsored by: Spectra Logic

Implement GNU's extension of 'status' operand. The GNU syntax is
borrowed where syntax status=noxfer means no transfer statistics
and status=none means no status information at all.

This feature is useful because the statistics information can
sometimes be annoying, and redirecting stderr to /dev/null would
mean error messages also gets silenced.

Obtained from: OpenBSD
MFC after: 2 weeks

Make dd's signal handler async safe.

PR: bin/75258
Submitted by: "Oleg V. Nauman" <oleg@reis.zp.ua>
Arrival Date: Sun Dec 19 14:50:21 GMT 2004
Reviewed by: mjg, jhb
Reviewed by: jilles (earlier version)
MFC after: 1 week

Rework all non-contributed files that use `struct timezone'.

This structure is not part of POSIX. According to POSIX, gettimeofday()
has the following prototype:

int gettimeofday(struct timeval *restrict tp, void *restrict tzp);

Also, POSIX states that gettimeofday() shall return 0 (as long as tzp is
not used). Remove dead error handling code. Also use NULL for a
nul-pointer instead of integer 0.

While there, change all pieces of code that only use tv_sec to use
time(3), as this provides less overhead.

Remove clause 3 from the UCB licenses.

OK'ed by: imp, core

WARNS=4 fixes. This would be WARNS=9 if we were -std=99 instead of
-ansi, due to 'long long'.

Reviewed by: green (slightly earlier version)

Consistently use __FBSDID

Replace <strings.h> with <string.h>. No functions from the former are
used in this file, and strlen() needs to be prototyped by the latter,
for this to compile without warnings.

Reviewed by: mike

o __P has been reoved
o Old-style K&R declarations have been converted to new C89 style
o register has been removed
o prototype for main() has been removed (gcc3 makes it an error)
o int main(int argc, char *argv[]) is the preferred main definition.
o Attempt to not break style(9) conformance for declarations more than
they already are.

Approved by: arch@, new style(9)

Use __unused for non-used variables.

Submitted by: Mike Barcroft <mike@q9media.com>

Previous commit broke dd(1)'s I/O summary when it's terminated by a
signal. Fix it by adding an explicit call to summary() in terminate()
(it was previously called implicitly by exit() because summary() was
registered with atexit()). summary() is supposed to be signal-safe--
it handles SIGINFO almost exclusively--so this should be safe.

Submitted by: bde

Don't call exit(3) from a signal handler.

Obtained from: OpenBSD

Add more headers that are required with -fno-builtin (stdlib and strings)

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

This is the second round of dd(1) changes. Some changes made/reversed by
request of Bruce. More changes may follow later. 'g' multiplier has
been added (i.e. dd seek=5g if=bigfile.) Some minor corrections were made
as well.

Noticed by: bde

Miscellaneous dd(1) changes: mainly fixing variable types (size_t, ssize_t,
off_t, int, u_int64_t, etc.). dd(1) should now work properly with REALLY
big amounts of data.

Fixed printf format errors.

Restore Lite-2 sccsid. Restore include of sys/types.h.

Correct use of .Nm and other cosmetics. Add rcsid. Remove unused #inc.

Exit with a nonzero status if we get killed by a SIGINT. POSIX.2
specifies exiting with a zero status if the file was copied
successfully, and with a nonzero status if an error occurred. We
are too sloppy to tell if the file was copied successfully when we
get killed by a SIGINT, but it is unlikely to have been. Added a
comment about related sloppiness (calling exit() from a signal
handler).

Fix printing for bytes read > 4G.

Reviewed by: bde

It's more portable to use <errno.h> than <sys/errno.h>

Pointed-out-by: bde (a long while ago)

Add <sys/errno.h>

make signal handlers errno safe

Obtained from: OpenBSD (file rev 1.5) Theo de Raadt <deraadt@openbsd.org>

Revert $FreeBSD$ to $Id$

Make the long-awaited change from $Id$ to $FreeBSD$

This will make a number of things easier in the future, as well as (finally!)
avoiding the Id-smashing problem which has plagued developers for so long.

Boy, I'm glad we're not using sup anymore. This update would have been
insane otherwise.

-Wall cleaning.

Bruce says: "You have been programming in the kernel for too long :-)."

and he's right ... I forgot about this floating point stuff you can
use in user-land :-)

Increase precision of duration to microseconds.
No heuristics to avoid overflow in calculation needed - just depend
on DBL_MAX being a bit larger than LONG_MAX.

Use double instead of `struct timeval' in dd.h so that everything
doesn't have to include <sys/time.h>.

Fixed style bugs in recent and old FreeBSD changes.

Reviewed by: phk
Submitted by: bde

Increase precision of duration to milliseconds.
Some heuristics to avoid overflow in calculation attempted.

Added $Id$

This commit was generated by cvs2svn to compensate for changes in r1556,
which included commits to RCS files with non-trunk default branches.

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