Copy stable/10@r272459 to releng/10.1 as part of
the 10.1-RELEASE process.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

MFC r269953:
Use "NO NAME" as the default unnamed label.

Microsoft recommends avoiding the use of spaces in the
string structures for FAT. Unfortunately they do just
that by default in the case of unlabeled filesystems.

Follow the default MS behavior to avoid confusion in
common tools like file(1). This was actually the
default behavior before r203868.

Obtained from: NetBSD (CVS rev. 1.39)

Copy head (r256279) to stable/10 as part of the 10.0-RELEASE cycle.

Approved by: re (implicit)
Sponsored by: The FreeBSD Foundation

newfs_msdos: fix inaccurate comments.

The fields from deMTime and deMDate in the DOS directory entry
are actually the last-modified time/date.

According to some online documentation these are the only
timestamps available in FAT12/FAT16.

MFC after: 3 days

newfs_msdos: cosmetical cleanups

- Simplify diagnostic messages.
- Adopt lowercase first letters to make the messages
more canonical.

PR: bin/175404
Submitted by: Christoph Mallon
Reviewed by: bde
MFC after: 3 days

Many style fixes.
Remove C99 initializers: they don't help in this case.
Set errno to 0 before strtoll() (from NetBSD).

PR: 151850
Suggested by: bde
Approved by: jhb (Mentor)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Use __packed to prevent alignment from taking place, which otherwise may
change the on-disk format in an incompatible way. Without this change,
msdosfs created on FreeBSD/arm would not be mountable.

PR: bin/162486
Submitted by: Ian Lepore <freebsd damnhippie dyndns org>
Reported by: Mattia Rossi <mrossi at swin.edu.au>
MFC after: 3 days

Use NULL instead of 0 for third argument of sigaction(2).

Pointed by: kib
MFC after: 2 weeks

Add SIGINFO handler.

Reviewed by: kib
Obtained from: NetBSD (partly)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Rename variables to match msdosfs headers.

Submitted by: Pedro F. Giffuni <giffunip tutopia com>
Reviewed by: bde
MFC after: 2 weeks

Some cleanups from NetBSD:
- C99 initializers.
- Change the default volume label from "NO NAME" to "NO_NAME".
- Set OEM String to "BSD4.4 " following the unnamed spacing convention
in that other OS that suggests "MSWIN4.1"
Also, David Naylor's changes for Clang, mostly changing the signess
of constants.

Submitted by: Pedro F. Giffuni <giffunip tutopia com>
Clang fixes by: David Naylor <naylor.b.david gmail com>
Reviewed by: bde (with some disagreement about Clang issues)
MFC after: 2 weeks

Do not prepend /dev/ when -C is used.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

When using -C, do not warn when the file is not a character device, but warn when it is not a regular file.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Fix a bug in r185587.

fstat(fd, &sb) was not executed unconditionally anymore so sb was read
uninitialised when -C is used.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Use ftruncate() instead of lseek()+write()+lseek() to set the created
file (-C) to the requested size.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

De-static local variables in main() (which is not recursive) and const-ify
others.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Show -@ and -C in usage, which were added in r185587.

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

Clean up the usage() function to use a single fprintf().

Submitted by: Christoph Mallon <christoph mallon gmx de>

newfs_msdos: allow to work with media that doesn't have any CHS params

Either use parameters provided by user or make them up.
The code for faking CHS params is borrowed from disklabel code.
The logic for using user-provided and auto-guessed parameters is not
perfect, so to speak.

PR: bin/121182
Approved by: jhb (mentor)

Fix build - cast off_t to (intmax_t) for printing.

Some useful operational extensions to newfs_msdos, especially
when preparing images for emulators or flash devices:

+ option '-C size' to create the underlying image file with given size.
Saves doing a 'dd' before, and especially it creates a sparse file

+ option '-@ offset' to build the FAT image at the specified offset
in the image file or device;

+ make the cluster size adaptive on the filesystem size.
Previously the default was 4k which is really unconvenient with
large media; now it goes from 512 bytes to 32k depending on
filesystem size (i still need to check whether it makes sense
to go further up, to 64k or above);

+ fix default geometry when not specified on the command line,
use 63 sectors/255 heads by default.
Also trim the size so it exactly a multiple of a track, to avoid
complaints in some filesystem code.

+ document all the above, plus some manual page clarifications.

MFC after: 4 weeks

Create a fake geometry (16 heads, 64 sectors) when dealing with
a plain file and a geometry is not explicitly supplied through
command line or disktab entry.

This way you can a FAT image on a file as simply as this:

newfs_msdos ./some/file

(right now you need a much longer command

newfs_msdos -h 32 -u 64 -S 512 -s $total_blocks -o 0 ./some/file

Will be merged after 7.1 and 6.4 are released.
See also the related PR which suggests a similar change.

PR: bin/121182
MFC after: 4 weeks

The newfs_msdos utility does not store the boot signature in the
correct place on large sector disks. The boot signature should be at
offset 0x1fe in the BPB; newfs_msdos currently stores it 2 bytes from
the end of the sector.

Taken from: NetBSD

WARNS=6 cleanup:

- Initialize everything in the struct array, not only the mentioned
ones
- Unconditionally initialize hs to 0 to avoid repeatly doing so
- Cast to unsigned int when comparing to unsigned variables.

Remove unnecessary newlines from errx() arguments.

Bring newfs_msdos into the GEOM world. Totally rewrite and simplify
getdiskinfo(). For the fixed-disk case, bpb->hid probably isn't
handled correctly, but I'm not sure if this is a serious problem since
the primary use of this program is to format floppy disks.

Reviewed by: phk

EFI GPT partitions use 'p' as a slice seperator. eg: da0p1 or da0p217.
(There is a theoretical limit of 16384 partitions)

s/filesystem/file system/g as discussed on -developers

more file system > filesystem

Don't depend on <sys/stat.h> bogusly including <sys/time.h> (and thereby
<time.h>).

Remove redundant code left over on removal of /dev/rXXX handling
in r1.12.

Partially revert r1.12, in which a warnx() if the device is not a
character device is changed to an errx(). This unnecessarily
compromises device independence.

Fix the reporting of a raw device node.

Change a warnx to an errx since we should only attempt to use
this utility on a character device.

Approved by: green

Better error message for a case that I hit.

Added 640KB and 1232KB formats, which were standard MS-DOS formats of
2DD and 2HD disks in Japan.

Submitted by: Shigeharu TAKENO <shige@iee.niit.ac.jp>
Pointed out by: chi@bd.mbn.or.jp (Chiharu Shibata)

$Id$ -> $FreeBSD$

Avoid ambigious if-else

Clean up some more residual /usr/mdec references. I left all the
extra rbootd/boot rom cruft pointing at /usr/mdec since it either
doesn't exist or doesn't work anyway, so who cares? :)

Use '#' flag in place of "0x" in format strings.

Don't assume that time_t is long.

Minor consistency fixes.

Reverse charnier's changes to usage.

Correct use of .Nm. Remove unused #includes. Short usage() string, see man
page for details.

This commit was generated by cvs2svn to compensate for changes in r37446,
which included commits to RCS files with non-trunk default branches.

Add newfs_msdos: extensive newfs-style support for creating FAT12,
FAT16, and FAT32 file systems in all their various horriblenesses.

Approved-in-concept by: joerg