1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
2<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix��D.�� GNU General Public License version 3</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL-NS Stylesheets V1.78.1" /><meta name="keywords" content="ISO C++, runtime, library" /><link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The GNU C++ Library" /><link rel="up" href="appendix.html" title="Part��IV.�� Appendices" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_free.html" title="Appendix��C.�� Free Software Needs Free Documentation" /><link rel="next" href="appendix_gfdl.html" title="Appendix��E.��GNU Free Documentation License" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix��D.��
3    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
4  </th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a>��</td><th width="60%" align="center">Part��IV.��
5  Appendices
6</th><td width="20%" align="right">��<a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a id="appendix.gpl-3.0"></a>
7    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License version 3
8  </h1></div></div></div><p>
9    Version 3, 29 June 2007
10  </p><p>
11    Copyright �� 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
12    <a class="link" href="http://www.fsf.org/" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/</a>
13  </p><p>
14    Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
15    document, but changing it is not allowed.
16  </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-preamble"></a>
17    Preamble
18  </h2><p>
19    The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is a free, copyleft
20    license for software and other kinds of works.
21  </p><p>
22    The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to
23    take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast, the
24    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License is intended to guarantee your
25    freedom to share and change all versions of a program���to make sure it
26    remains free software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation,
27    use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for most of our
28    software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its
29    authors.  You can apply it to your programs, too.
30  </p><p>
31    When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price.  Our
32    General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
33    to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish),
34    that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can
35    change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you
36    know you can do these things.
37  </p><p>
38    To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these
39    rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have certain
40    responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify
41    it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
42  </p><p>
43    For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or
44    for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that you
45    received.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source
46    code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
47  </p><p>
48    Developers that use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
49    protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software,
50    and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy,
51    distribute and/or modify it.
52  </p><p>
53    For the developers��� and authors��� protection, the
54    <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> clearly explains that there is no warranty for this
55    free software.  For both users��� and authors��� sake, the
56    <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> requires that modified versions be marked as changed,
57    so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of
58    previous versions.
59  </p><p>
60    Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified
61    versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer can do so.
62    This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting users���
63    freedom to change the software.  The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs
64    in the area of products for individuals to use, which is precisely where it
65    is most unacceptable.  Therefore, we have designed this version of the
66    <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym> to prohibit the practice for those products.  If such
67    problems arise substantially in other domains, we stand ready to extend this
68    provision to those domains in future versions of the <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>,
69    as needed to protect the freedom of users.
70  </p><p>
71    Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents.  States
72    should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on
73    general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the
74    special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it
75    effectively proprietary.  To prevent this, the <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>
76    assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
77  </p><p>
78    The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
79    follow.
80  </p><h2><a id="id-1.3.6.5.16"></a>
81    TERMS AND CONDITIONS
82  </h2><h2><a id="gpl-3-definitions"></a>
83    0. Definitions.
84  </h2><p>
85    ���This License��� refers to version 3 of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
86    General Public License.
87  </p><p>
88    ���Copyright��� also means copyright-like laws that apply to other
89    kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.
90  </p><p>
91    ���The Program��� refers to any copyrightable work licensed under
92    this License.  Each licensee is addressed as ���you���.
93    ���Licensees��� and ���recipients��� may be individuals or
94    organizations.
95  </p><p>
96    To ���modify��� a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of
97    the work in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making
98    of an exact copy.  The resulting work is called a ���modified
99    version��� of the earlier work or a work ���based on��� the
100    earlier work.
101  </p><p>
102    A ���covered work��� means either the unmodified Program or a work
103    based on the Program.
104  </p><p>
105    To ���propagate��� a work means to do anything with it that, without
106    permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for infringement
107    under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a computer or
108    modifying a private copy.  Propagation includes copying, distribution (with
109    or without modification), making available to the public, and in some
110    countries other activities as well.
111  </p><p>
112    To ���convey��� a work means any kind of propagation that enables
113    other parties to make or receive copies.  Mere interaction with a user
114    through a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
115  </p><p>
116    An interactive user interface displays ���Appropriate Legal
117    Notices��� to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently
118    visible feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2)
119    tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the extent
120    that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the work under this
121    License, and how to view a copy of this License.  If the interface presents
122    a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the
123    list meets this criterion.
124  </p><h2><a id="SourceCode"></a>
125    1. Source Code.
126  </h2><p>
127    The ���source code��� for a work means the preferred form of the
128    work for making modifications to it.  ���Object code��� means any
129    non-source form of a work.
130  </p><p>
131    A ���Standard Interface��� means an interface that either is an
132    official standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
133    interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that is
134    widely used among developers working in that language.
135  </p><p>
136    The ���System Libraries��� of an executable work include anything,
137    other than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
138    packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major Component,
139    and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that Major Component, or
140    to implement a Standard Interface for which an implementation is available
141    to the public in source code form.  A ���Major Component���, in this
142    context, means a major essential component (kernel, window system, and so
143    on) of the specific operating system (if any) on which the executable work
144    runs, or a compiler used to produce the work, or an object code interpreter
145    used to run it.
146  </p><p>
147    The ���Corresponding Source��� for a work in object code form means
148    all the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
149    work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
150    control those activities.  However, it does not include the work���s
151    System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
152    programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but which
153    are not part of the work.  For example, Corresponding Source includes
154    interface definition files associated with source files for the work, and
155    the source code for shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms that
156    the work is specifically designed to require, such as by intimate data
157    communication or control flow between those subprograms and other parts of
158    the work.
159  </p><p>
160    The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can regenerate
161    automatically from other parts of the Corresponding Source.
162  </p><p>
163    The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.
164  </p><h2><a id="BasicPermissions"></a>
165    2. Basic Permissions.
166  </h2><p>
167    All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright
168    on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated conditions are met.
169    This License explicitly affirms your unlimited permission to run the
170    unmodified Program.  The output from running a covered work is covered by
171    this License only if the output, given its content, constitutes a covered
172    work.  This License acknowledges your rights of fair use or other
173    equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
174  </p><p>
175    You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey,
176    without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains in force.  You
177    may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose of having them make
178    modifications exclusively for you, or provide you with facilities for
179    running those works, provided that you comply with the terms of this License
180    in conveying all material for which you do not control copyright.  Those
181    thus making or running the covered works for you must do so exclusively on
182    your behalf, under your direction and control, on terms that prohibit them
183    from making any copies of your copyrighted material outside their
184    relationship with you.
185  </p><p>
186    Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the
187    conditions stated below.  Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10 makes it
188    unnecessary.
189  </p><h2><a id="Protecting"></a>
190    3. Protecting Users��� Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
191  </h2><p>
192    No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological measure
193    under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article 11 of the WIPO
194    copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or similar laws prohibiting or
195    restricting circumvention of such measures.
196  </p><p>
197    When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid
198    circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention is
199    effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to the covered
200    work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or modification of
201    the work as a means of enforcing, against the work���s users, your or
202    third parties��� legal rights to forbid circumvention of technological
203    measures.
204  </p><h2><a id="ConveyingVerbatim"></a>
205    4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
206  </h2><p>
207    You may convey verbatim copies of the Program���s source code as you
208    receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately
209    publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all
210    notices stating that this License and any non-permissive terms added in
211    accord with section 7 apply to the code; keep intact all notices of the
212    absence of any warranty; and give all recipients a copy of this License
213    along with the Program.
214  </p><p>
215    You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you
216    may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
217  </p><h2><a id="ConveyingModified"></a>
218    5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
219  </h2><p>
220    You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce
221    it from the Program, in the form of source code under the terms of section
222    4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
223  </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
224        The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and
225        giving a relevant date.
226      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
227        The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under
228        this License and any conditions added under section 7.  This requirement
229        modifies the requirement in section 4 to ���keep intact all
230        notices���.
231      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
232        You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to
233        anyone who comes into possession of a copy.  This License will therefore
234        apply, along with any applicable section 7 additional terms, to the
235        whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless of how they are
236        packaged.  This License gives no permission to license the work in any
237        other way, but it does not invalidate such permission if you have
238        separately received it.
239      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
240        If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
241        Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive
242        interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your work need
243        not make them do so.
244      </p></li></ol></div><p>
245    A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works,
246    which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, and which are
247    not combined with it such as to form a larger program, in or on a volume of
248    a storage or distribution medium, is called an ���aggregate��� if
249    the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access
250    or legal rights of the compilation���s users beyond what the individual works
251    permit.  Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause
252    this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.
253  </p><h2><a id="ConveyingNonSource"></a>
254    6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
255  </h2><p>
256    You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
257    sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable
258    Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these ways:
259  </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
260        Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
261        a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source
262        fixed on a durable physical medium customarily used for software
263        interchange.
264      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
265        Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including
266        a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid
267        for at least three years and valid for as long as you offer spare parts
268        or customer support for that product model, to give anyone who possesses
269        the object code either (1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all
270        the software in the product that is covered by this License, on a
271        durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange, for a
272        price no more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this
273        conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from
274        a network server at no charge.
275      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
276        Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written
277        offer to provide the Corresponding Source.  This alternative is allowed
278        only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if you received the
279        object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection 6b.
280      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
281        Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place
282        (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the
283        Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
284        further charge.  You need not require recipients to copy the
285        Corresponding Source along with the object code.  If the place to copy
286        the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source may be on
287        a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports
288        equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain clear directions
289        next to the object code saying where to find the Corresponding Source.
290        Regardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source, you remain
291        obligated to ensure that it is available for as long as needed to
292        satisfy these requirements.
293      </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
294        Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
295        inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the
296        work are being offered to the general public at no charge under
297        subsection 6d.
298      </p></li></ol></div><p>
299    A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from
300    the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be included in
301    conveying the object code work.
302  </p><p>
303    A ���User Product��� is either (1) a ���consumer product���,
304    which means any tangible personal property which is normally used for
305    personal, family, or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold
306    for incorporation into a dwelling.  In determining whether a product is a
307    consumer product, doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage.
308    For a particular product received by a particular user, ���normally
309    used��� refers to a typical or common use of that class of product,
310    regardless of the status of the particular user or of the way in which the
311    particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the
312    product.  A product is a consumer product regardless of whether the product
313    has substantial commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such
314    uses represent the only significant mode of use of the product.
315  </p><p>
316    ���Installation Information��� for a User Product means any methods,
317    procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install and
318    execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from a
319    modified version of its Corresponding Source.  The information must suffice
320    to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object code is in
321    no case prevented or interfered with solely because modification has been
322    made.
323  </p><p>
324    If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or
325    specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as part of
326    a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the User Product
327    is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a fixed term
328    (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the Corresponding
329    Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied by the Installation
330    Information.  But this requirement does not apply if neither you nor any
331    third party retains the ability to install modified object code on the User
332    Product (for example, the work has been installed in
333    <acronym class="acronym">ROM</acronym>).
334  </p><p>
335    The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a
336    requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates for
337    a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for the User
338    Product in which it has been modified or installed.  Access to a network may
339    be denied when the modification itself materially and adversely affects the
340    operation of the network or violates the rules and protocols for
341    communication across the network.
342  </p><p>
343    Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, in
344    accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly documented
345    (and with an implementation available to the public in source code form),
346    and must require no special password or key for unpacking, reading or
347    copying.
348  </p><h2><a id="AdditionalTerms"></a>
349     7. Additional Terms.
350   </h2><p>
351     ���Additional permissions��� are terms that supplement the terms of
352     this License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
353     Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall be
354     treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent that
355     they are valid under applicable law.  If additional permissions apply only
356     to part of the Program, that part may be used separately under those
357     permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by this License
358     without regard to the additional permissions.
359   </p><p>
360     When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any
361     additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it.  (Additional
362     permissions may be written to require their own removal in certain cases
363     when you modify the work.)  You may place additional permissions on
364     material, added by you to a covered work, for which you have or can give
365     appropriate copyright permission.
366   </p><p>
367     Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add
368     to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that
369     material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
370   </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="a"><li class="listitem"><p>
371         Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms
372         of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
373       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
374         Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author
375         attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal Notices
376         displayed by works containing it; or
377       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
378         Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
379         requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
380         reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
381       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
382         Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
383         authors of the material; or
384       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
385         Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade
386         names, trademarks, or service marks; or
387       </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
388         Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by
389         anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with
390         contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any
391         liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on those
392         licensors and authors.
393       </p></li></ol></div><p>
394     All other non-permissive additional terms are considered ���further
395     restrictions��� within the meaning of section 10.  If the Program as
396     you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
397     governed by this License along with a term that is a further restriction,
398     you may remove that term.  If a license document contains a further
399     restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this License, you
400     may add to a covered work material governed by the terms of that license
401     document, provided that the further restriction does not survive such
402     relicensing or conveying.
403   </p><p>
404     If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you must
405     place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the additional terms
406     that apply to those files, or a notice indicating where to find the
407     applicable terms.
408   </p><p>
409     Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form
410     of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above
411     requirements apply either way.
412   </p><h2><a id="gpl-3-termination"></a>
413     8. Termination.
414   </h2><p>
415     You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided
416     under this License.  Any attempt otherwise to propagate or modify it is
417     void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License
418     (including any patent licenses granted under the third paragraph of section
419     11).
420   </p><p>
421     However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from
422     a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and
423     until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license,
424     and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the
425     violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
426   </p><p>
427     Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated
428     permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some
429     reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of
430     violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and
431     you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
432   </p><p>
433     Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
434     licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this
435     License.  If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
436     reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
437     material under section 10.
438   </p><h2><a id="AcceptanceNotRequired"></a>
439     9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
440   </h2><p>
441     You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a
442     copy of the Program.  Ancillary propagation of a covered work occurring
443     solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to receive a
444     copy likewise does not require acceptance.  However, nothing other than
445     this License grants you permission to propagate or modify any covered work.
446     These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept this License.
447     Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered work, you indicate your
448     acceptance of this License to do so.
449   </p><h2><a id="AutomaticDownstream"></a>
450     10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
451   </h2><p>
452     Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a
453     license from the original licensors, to run, modify and propagate that
454     work, subject to this License.  You are not responsible for enforcing
455     compliance by third parties with this License.
456   </p><p>
457     An ���entity transaction��� is a transaction transferring control
458     of an organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
459     organization, or merging organizations.  If propagation of a covered work
460     results from an entity transaction, each party to that transaction who
461     receives a copy of the work also receives whatever licenses to the work the
462     party���s predecessor in interest had or could give under the previous
463     paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corresponding Source of the
464     work from the predecessor in interest, if the predecessor has it or can get
465     it with reasonable efforts.
466   </p><p>
467     You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the rights
468     granted or affirmed under this License.  For example, you may not impose a
469     license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted under
470     this License, and you may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim
471     or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed
472     by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or
473     any portion of it.
474   </p><h2><a id="Patents"></a>
475    11. Patents.
476  </h2><p>
477    A ���contributor��� is a copyright holder who authorizes use under
478    this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based.  The
479    work thus licensed is called the contributor���s ���contributor
480    version���.
481  </p><p>
482    A contributor���s ���essential patent claims��� are all patent
483    claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
484    hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by
485    this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, but do
486    not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence of further
487    modification of the contributor version.  For purposes of this definition,
488    ���control��� includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a
489    manner consistent with the requirements of this License.
490  </p><p>
491    Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent
492    license under the contributor���s essential patent claims, to make, use,
493    sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the
494    contents of its contributor version.
495  </p><p>
496    In the following three paragraphs, a ���patent license��� is any
497    express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a
498    patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not
499    to sue for patent infringement).  To ���grant��� such a patent
500    license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to
501    enforce a patent against the party.
502  </p><p>
503    If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the
504    Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free
505    of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available
506    network server or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1)
507    cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive
508    yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or
509    (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License,
510    to extend the patent license to downstream recipients.  ���Knowingly
511    relying��� means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent
512    license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your
513    recipient���s use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one
514    or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe
515    are valid.
516  </p><p>
517    If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement,
518    you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and
519    grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work
520    authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the
521    covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to
522    all recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
523  </p><p>
524    A patent license is ���discriminatory��� if it does not include
525    within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
526    conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
527    specifically granted under this License.  You may not convey a covered work
528    if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
529    business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third
530    party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under
531    which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the
532    covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection
533    with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those
534    copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or
535    compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that
536    arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
537  </p><p>
538    Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any
539    implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be
540    available to you under applicable patent law.
541  </p><h2><a id="NoSurrender"></a>
542    12. No Surrender of Others��� Freedom.
543  </h2><p>
544    If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
545    otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
546    excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot convey a
547    covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
548    License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
549    not convey it at all.  For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
550    to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the
551    Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License
552    would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
553  </p><h2><a id="UsedWithAGPL"></a>
554    13. Use with the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License.
555  </h2><p>
556    Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to
557    link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the
558    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License into a single combined
559    work, and to convey the resulting work.  The terms of this License will
560    continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special
561    requirements of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Affero General Public License,
562    section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
563    combination as such.
564  </p><h2><a id="RevisedVersions"></a>
565    14. Revised Versions of this License.
566  </h2><p>
567    The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
568    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License from time to time.  Such new
569    versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
570    detail to address new problems or concerns.
571  </p><p>
572    Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
573    specifies that a certain numbered version of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym>
574    General Public License ���or any later version��� applies to it, you
575    have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that
576    numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software
577    Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of the
578    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License, you may choose any version
579    ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
580  </p><p>
581    If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of
582    the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License can be used, that
583    proxy���s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
584    authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
585  </p><p>
586    Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions.
587    However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright
588    holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
589  </p><h2><a id="WarrantyDisclaimer"></a>
590    15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
591  </h2><p>
592    THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
593    LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR
594    OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM ���AS IS��� WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
595    ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
596    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
597    THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH
598    YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL
599    NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
600  </p><h2><a id="LiabilityLimitation"></a>
601    16. Limitation of Liability.
602  </h2><p>
603    IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
604    ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE
605    PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
606    GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE
607    OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA
608    OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
609    PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
610    EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
611    SUCH DAMAGES.
612  </p><h2><a id="InterpretationSecs1516"></a>
613    17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
614  </h2><p>
615    If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above
616    cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing
617    courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute
618    waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a
619    warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in
620    return for a fee.
621  </p><h2><a id="id-1.3.6.5.99"></a>
622    END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
623  </h2><h2><a id="HowToApply"></a>
624    How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
625  </h2><p>
626    If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible
627    use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software
628    which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
629  </p><p>
630    To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest to
631    attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the
632    exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the
633    ���copyright��� line and a pointer to where the full notice is
634    found.
635  </p><pre class="screen">
636<em class="replaceable"><code>one line to give the program���s name and a brief idea of what it does.</code></em>
637Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
638
639This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
640it under the terms of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License as published by
641the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
642(at your option) any later version.
643
644This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
645but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
646MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
647<acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License for more details.
648
649You should have received a copy of the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License
650along with this program.  If not, see <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
651  </pre><p>
652    Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
653  </p><p>
654    If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like
655    this when it starts in an interactive mode:
656  </p><pre class="screen">
657<em class="replaceable"><code>program</code></em> Copyright (C) <em class="replaceable"><code>year</code></em> <em class="replaceable"><code>name of author</code></em>
658This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ���<code class="literal">show w</code>���.
659This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
660under certain conditions; type ���<code class="literal">show c</code>��� for details.
661  </pre><p>
662    The hypothetical commands ���<code class="literal">show w</code>��� and
663    ���<code class="literal">show c</code>��� should show the appropriate parts of
664    the General Public License.  Of course, your program���s commands might be
665    different; for a GUI interface, you would use an ���about box���.
666  </p><p>
667    You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
668    if any, to sign a ���copyright disclaimer��� for the program, if
669    necessary.  For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the
670    <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> <acronym class="acronym">GPL</acronym>, see
671    <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/licenses/</a>.
672  </p><p>
673    The <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> General Public License does not permit
674    incorporating your program into proprietary programs.  If your program is a
675    subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking
676    proprietary applications with the library.  If this is what you want to do,
677    use the <acronym class="acronym">GNU</acronym> Lesser General Public License instead of this
678    License.  But first, please read <a class="link" href="http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html" target="_top">http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html</a>.
679  </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_free.html">Prev</a>��</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="appendix.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right">��<a accesskey="n" href="appendix_gfdl.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix��C.��
680  Free Software Needs Free Documentation
681  
682��</td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top">��Appendix��E.��GNU Free Documentation License</td></tr></table></div></body></html>