1/* SparseSet implementation.
2   Copyright (C) 2007-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3   Contributed by Peter Bergner <bergner@vnet.ibm.com>
4
5This file is part of GCC.
6
7GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
8the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
9Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
10version.
11
12GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
13WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
15for more details.
16
17You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
18along with GCC; see the file COPYING3.  If not see
19<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
20
21#ifndef GCC_SPARSESET_H
22#define GCC_SPARSESET_H
23
24/* Implementation of the Briggs and Torczon sparse set representation.
25   The sparse set representation was first published in:
26
27   "An Efficient Representation for Sparse Sets",
28   ACM LOPLAS, Vol. 2, Nos. 1-4, March-December 1993, Pages 59-69.
29
30   The sparse set representation is suitable for integer sets with a
31   fixed-size universe.  Two vectors are used to store the members of
32   the set.  If an element I is in the set, then sparse[I] is the
33   index of I in the dense vector, and dense[sparse[I]] == I.  The dense
34   vector works like a stack.  The size of the stack is the cardinality
35   of the set.
36
37   The following operations can be performed in O(1) time:
38
39     * clear			: sparseset_clear
40     * cardinality		: sparseset_cardinality
41     * set_size			: sparseset_size
42     * member_p			: sparseset_bit_p
43     * add_member		: sparseset_set_bit
44     * remove_member		: sparseset_clear_bit
45     * choose_one		: sparseset_pop
46
47   Additionally, the sparse set representation supports enumeration of
48   the members in O(N) time, where n is the number of members in the set.
49   The members of the set are stored cache-friendly in the dense vector.
50   This makes it a competitive choice for iterating over relatively sparse
51   sets requiring operations:
52
53     * forall			: EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_SPARSESET
54     * set_copy			: sparseset_copy
55     * set_intersection		: sparseset_and
56     * set_union		: sparseset_ior
57     * set_difference		: sparseset_and_compl
58     * set_disjuction		: (not implemented)
59     * set_compare		: sparseset_equal_p
60
61   NB: It is OK to use remove_member during EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_SPARSESET.
62   The iterator is updated for it.
63
64   Based on the efficiency of these operations, this representation of
65   sparse sets will often be superior to alternatives such as simple
66   bitmaps, linked-list bitmaps, array bitmaps, balanced binary trees,
67   hash tables, linked lists, etc., if the set is sufficiently sparse.
68   In the LOPLAS paper the cut-off point where sparse sets became faster
69   than simple bitmaps (see sbitmap.h) when N / U < 64 (where U is the
70   size of the universe of the set).
71
72   Because the set universe is fixed, the set cannot be resized.  For
73   sparse sets with initially unknown size, linked-list bitmaps are a
74   better choice, see bitmap.h.
75
76   Sparse sets storage requirements are relatively large: O(U) with a
77   larger constant than sbitmaps (if the storage requirement for an
78   sbitmap with universe U is S, then the storage required for a sparse
79   set for the same universe are 2*HOST_BITS_PER_WIDEST_FAST_INT * S).
80   Accessing the sparse vector is not very cache-friendly, but iterating
81   over the members in the set is cache-friendly because only the dense
82   vector is used.  */
83
84/* Data Structure used for the SparseSet representation.  */
85
86#define SPARSESET_ELT_BITS ((unsigned) HOST_BITS_PER_WIDEST_FAST_INT)
87#define SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE unsigned HOST_WIDEST_FAST_INT
88
89typedef struct sparseset_def
90{
91  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE *dense;	/* Dense array.  */
92  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE *sparse;	/* Sparse array.  */
93  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE members;	/* Number of elements.  */
94  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE size;	/* Maximum number of elements.  */
95  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE iter;	/* Iterator index.  */
96  unsigned char iter_inc;	/* Iteration increment amount.  */
97  bool iterating;
98  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE elms[2];   /* Combined dense and sparse arrays.  */
99} *sparseset;
100
101#define sparseset_free(MAP)  free(MAP)
102extern sparseset sparseset_alloc (SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE n_elms);
103extern void sparseset_clear_bit (sparseset, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE);
104extern void sparseset_copy (sparseset, sparseset);
105extern void sparseset_and (sparseset, sparseset, sparseset);
106extern void sparseset_and_compl (sparseset, sparseset, sparseset);
107extern void sparseset_ior (sparseset, sparseset, sparseset);
108extern bool sparseset_equal_p (sparseset, sparseset);
109
110/* Operation: S = {}
111   Clear the set of all elements.  */
112
113static inline void
114sparseset_clear (sparseset s)
115{
116  s->members = 0;
117  s->iterating = false;
118}
119
120/* Return the number of elements currently in the set.  */
121
122static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
123sparseset_cardinality (sparseset s)
124{
125  return s->members;
126}
127
128/* Return the maximum number of elements this set can hold.  */
129
130static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
131sparseset_size (sparseset s)
132{
133  return s->size;
134}
135
136/* Return true if e is a member of the set S, otherwise return false.  */
137
138static inline bool
139sparseset_bit_p (sparseset s, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE e)
140{
141  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE idx;
142
143  gcc_checking_assert (e < s->size);
144
145  idx = s->sparse[e];
146
147  return idx < s->members && s->dense[idx] == e;
148}
149
150/* Low level insertion routine not meant for use outside of sparseset.[ch].
151   Assumes E is valid and not already a member of the set S.  */
152
153static inline void
154sparseset_insert_bit (sparseset s, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE e, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE idx)
155{
156  s->sparse[e] = idx;
157  s->dense[idx] = e;
158}
159
160/* Operation: S = S + {e}
161   Insert E into the set S, if it isn't already a member.  */
162
163static inline void
164sparseset_set_bit (sparseset s, SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE e)
165{
166  if (!sparseset_bit_p (s, e))
167    sparseset_insert_bit (s, e, s->members++);
168}
169
170/* Return and remove the last member added to the set S.  */
171
172static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
173sparseset_pop (sparseset s)
174{
175  SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE mem = s->members;
176
177  gcc_checking_assert (mem != 0);
178
179  s->members = mem - 1;
180  return s->dense[s->members];
181}
182
183static inline void
184sparseset_iter_init (sparseset s)
185{
186  s->iter = 0;
187  s->iter_inc = 1;
188  s->iterating = true;
189}
190
191static inline bool
192sparseset_iter_p (sparseset s)
193{
194  if (s->iterating && s->iter < s->members)
195    return true;
196  else
197    return s->iterating = false;
198}
199
200static inline SPARSESET_ELT_TYPE
201sparseset_iter_elm (sparseset s)
202{
203  return s->dense[s->iter];
204}
205
206static inline void
207sparseset_iter_next (sparseset s)
208{
209  s->iter += s->iter_inc;
210  s->iter_inc = 1;
211}
212
213#define EXECUTE_IF_SET_IN_SPARSESET(SPARSESET, ITER)			\
214  for (sparseset_iter_init (SPARSESET);					\
215       sparseset_iter_p (SPARSESET)					\
216       && (((ITER) = sparseset_iter_elm (SPARSESET)) || 1);		\
217       sparseset_iter_next (SPARSESET))
218
219#endif /* GCC_SPARSESET_H */
220