1/*-
2 * Copyright (c) 2016 The FreeBSD Foundation
3 *
4 * This software was developed by Konstantin Belousov under sponsorship
5 * from the FreeBSD Foundation.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 *
16 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26 * SUCH DAMAGE.
27 */
28
29#include <stand.h>
30#include <string.h>
31#include <sys/param.h>
32#include <machine/cpufunc.h>
33#include <machine/psl.h>
34#include <machine/segments.h>
35#include <machine/frame.h>
36#include <machine/tss.h>
37
38#include <efi.h>
39#include <efilib.h>
40
41#include "bootstrap.h"
42#include "loader_efi.h"
43
44#define	NUM_IST	8
45#define	NUM_EXC	32
46
47/*
48 * This code catches exceptions but forwards hardware interrupts to
49 * handlers installed by firmware.  It differentiates exceptions
50 * vs. interrupts by presence of the error code on the stack, which
51 * causes different stack pointer value on trap handler entry.
52 *
53 * Use kernel layout for the trapframe just to not be original.
54 *
55 * Use free IST slot in existing TSS, or create our own TSS if
56 * firmware did not configured any, to have stack switched to
57 * IST-specified one, e.g. to handle #SS.  If hand-off cannot find
58 * unused IST slot, or create a new descriptor in GDT, we bail out.
59 */
60
61static struct region_descriptor fw_idt;	/* Descriptor for pristine fw IDT */
62static struct region_descriptor loader_idt;/* Descriptor for loader
63					   shadow IDT */
64static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS lidt_pa;	/* Address of loader shadow IDT */
65static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS tss_pa;	/* Address of TSS */
66static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS exc_stack_pa;/* Address of IST stack for loader */
67EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS exc_rsp;	/* %rsp value on our IST stack when
68				   exception happens */
69EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS fw_intr_handlers[NUM_EXC]; /* fw handlers for < 32 IDT
70						   vectors */
71static int intercepted[NUM_EXC];
72static int ist;				/* IST for exception handlers */
73static uint32_t tss_fw_seg;		/* Fw TSS segment */
74static uint32_t loader_tss;		/* Loader TSS segment */
75static struct region_descriptor fw_gdt;	/* Descriptor of pristine GDT */
76static EFI_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS loader_gdt_pa; /* Address of loader shadow GDT */
77
78struct frame {
79	struct frame	*fr_savfp;
80	uintptr_t	fr_savpc;
81};
82
83void report_exc(struct trapframe *tf);
84void
85report_exc(struct trapframe *tf)
86{
87	struct frame *fp;
88	uintptr_t pc, base;
89	char buf[80];
90	int ret;
91
92	base = (uintptr_t)boot_img->ImageBase;
93	/*
94	 * printf() depends on loader runtime and UEFI firmware health
95	 * to produce the console output, in case of exception, the
96	 * loader or firmware runtime may fail to support the printf().
97	 */
98	printf("===================================================="
99	    "============================\n");
100	printf("Exception %u\n", tf->tf_trapno);
101	printf("ss 0x%04hx cs 0x%04hx ds 0x%04hx es 0x%04hx fs 0x%04hx "
102	    "gs 0x%04hx\n",
103	    (uint16_t)tf->tf_ss, (uint16_t)tf->tf_cs, (uint16_t)tf->tf_ds,
104	    (uint16_t)tf->tf_es, (uint16_t)tf->tf_fs, (uint16_t)tf->tf_gs);
105	printf("err 0x%08x rfl 0x%08x addr 0x%016lx\n"
106	    "rsp 0x%016lx rip 0x%016lx\n",
107	    (uint32_t)tf->tf_err, (uint32_t)tf->tf_rflags, tf->tf_addr,
108	    tf->tf_rsp, tf->tf_rip);
109	printf(
110	    "rdi 0x%016lx rsi 0x%016lx rdx 0x%016lx\n"
111	    "rcx 0x%016lx r8  0x%016lx r9  0x%016lx\n"
112	    "rax 0x%016lx rbx 0x%016lx rbp 0x%016lx\n"
113	    "r10 0x%016lx r11 0x%016lx r12 0x%016lx\n"
114	    "r13 0x%016lx r14 0x%016lx r15 0x%016lx\n",
115	    tf->tf_rdi, tf->tf_rsi, tf->tf_rdx, tf->tf_rcx, tf->tf_r8,
116	    tf->tf_r9, tf->tf_rax, tf->tf_rbx, tf->tf_rbp, tf->tf_r10,
117	    tf->tf_r11, tf->tf_r12, tf->tf_r13, tf->tf_r14, tf->tf_r15);
118
119	fp = (struct frame *)tf->tf_rbp;
120	pc = tf->tf_rip;
121
122	printf("Stack trace:\n");
123	pager_open();
124	while (fp != NULL || pc != 0) {
125		char *source = "PC";
126
127		if (pc >= base && pc < base + boot_img->ImageSize) {
128			pc -= base;
129			source = "loader PC";
130		}
131		(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "FP %016lx: %s 0x%016lx\n",
132		    (uintptr_t)fp, source, pc);
133		if (pager_output(buf))
134			break;
135
136		if (fp != NULL)
137			fp = fp->fr_savfp;
138
139		if (fp != NULL)
140			pc = fp->fr_savpc;
141		else
142			pc = 0;
143	}
144	pager_close();
145	printf("Machine stopped.\n");
146}
147
148static void
149prepare_exception(unsigned idx, uint64_t my_handler,
150    int ist_use_table[static NUM_IST])
151{
152	struct gate_descriptor *fw_idt_e, *loader_idt_e;
153
154	fw_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)fw_idt.rd_base)[idx];
155	loader_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)loader_idt.rd_base)[idx];
156	fw_intr_handlers[idx] = fw_idt_e->gd_looffset +
157	    (fw_idt_e->gd_hioffset << 16);
158	intercepted[idx] = 1;
159	ist_use_table[fw_idt_e->gd_ist]++;
160	loader_idt_e->gd_looffset = my_handler;
161	loader_idt_e->gd_hioffset = my_handler >> 16;
162	/*
163	 * We reuse uefi selector for the code segment for the exception
164	 * handler code, while the reason for the fault might be the
165	 * corruption of that gdt entry. On the other hand, allocating
166	 * our own descriptor might be not much better, if gdt is corrupted.
167	 */
168	loader_idt_e->gd_selector = fw_idt_e->gd_selector;
169	loader_idt_e->gd_ist = 0;
170	loader_idt_e->gd_type = SDT_SYSIGT;
171	loader_idt_e->gd_dpl = 0;
172	loader_idt_e->gd_p = 1;
173	loader_idt_e->gd_xx = 0;
174	loader_idt_e->sd_xx1 = 0;
175}
176#define	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(N)						\
177    extern char EXC##N##_handler[];					\
178    prepare_exception(N, (uintptr_t)EXC##N##_handler, ist_use_table);
179
180static void
181free_tables(void)
182{
183
184	if (lidt_pa != 0) {
185		BS->FreePages(lidt_pa, EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(fw_idt.rd_limit));
186		lidt_pa = 0;
187	}
188	if (exc_stack_pa != 0) {
189		BS->FreePages(exc_stack_pa, 1);
190		exc_stack_pa = 0;
191	}
192	if (tss_pa != 0 && tss_fw_seg == 0) {
193		BS->FreePages(tss_pa, EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sizeof(struct
194		    amd64tss)));
195		tss_pa = 0;
196	}
197	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0) {
198		BS->FreePages(tss_pa, 2);
199		loader_gdt_pa = 0;
200	}
201	ist = 0;
202	loader_tss = 0;
203}
204
205static int
206efi_setup_tss(struct region_descriptor *gdt, uint32_t loader_tss_idx,
207    struct amd64tss **tss)
208{
209	EFI_STATUS status;
210	struct system_segment_descriptor *tss_desc;
211
212	tss_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)(gdt->rd_base +
213	    (loader_tss_idx << 3));
214	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
215	    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(sizeof(struct amd64tss)), &tss_pa);
216	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
217		printf("efi_setup_tss: AllocatePages tss error %lu\n",
218		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
219		return (0);
220	}
221	*tss = (struct amd64tss *)tss_pa;
222	bzero(*tss, sizeof(**tss));
223	tss_desc->sd_lolimit = sizeof(struct amd64tss);
224	tss_desc->sd_lobase = tss_pa;
225	tss_desc->sd_type = SDT_SYSTSS;
226	tss_desc->sd_dpl = 0;
227	tss_desc->sd_p = 1;
228	tss_desc->sd_hilimit = sizeof(struct amd64tss) >> 16;
229	tss_desc->sd_gran = 0;
230	tss_desc->sd_hibase = tss_pa >> 24;
231	tss_desc->sd_xx0 = 0;
232	tss_desc->sd_xx1 = 0;
233	tss_desc->sd_mbz = 0;
234	tss_desc->sd_xx2 = 0;
235	return (1);
236}
237
238static int
239efi_redirect_exceptions(void)
240{
241	int ist_use_table[NUM_IST];
242	struct gate_descriptor *loader_idt_e;
243	struct system_segment_descriptor *tss_desc, *gdt_desc;
244	struct amd64tss *tss;
245	struct region_descriptor *gdt_rd, loader_gdt;
246	uint32_t i;
247	EFI_STATUS status;
248	register_t rfl;
249
250	sidt(&fw_idt);
251	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData,
252	    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(fw_idt.rd_limit), &lidt_pa);
253	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
254		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: AllocatePages IDT error %lu\n",
255		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
256		lidt_pa = 0;
257		return (0);
258	}
259	status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages, EfiLoaderData, 1,
260	    &exc_stack_pa);
261	if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
262		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: AllocatePages stk error %lu\n",
263		    EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
264		exc_stack_pa = 0;
265		free_tables();
266		return (0);
267	}
268	loader_idt.rd_limit = fw_idt.rd_limit;
269	bcopy((void *)fw_idt.rd_base, (void *)loader_idt.rd_base,
270	    loader_idt.rd_limit);
271	bzero(ist_use_table, sizeof(ist_use_table));
272	bzero(fw_intr_handlers, sizeof(fw_intr_handlers));
273	bzero(intercepted, sizeof(intercepted));
274
275	sgdt(&fw_gdt);
276	tss_fw_seg = read_tr();
277	gdt_rd = NULL;
278	if (tss_fw_seg == 0) {
279		for (i = 2; (i << 3) + sizeof(*gdt_desc) <= fw_gdt.rd_limit;
280		    i += 2) {
281			gdt_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)(
282			    fw_gdt.rd_base + (i << 3));
283			if (gdt_desc->sd_type == 0 && gdt_desc->sd_mbz == 0) {
284				gdt_rd = &fw_gdt;
285				break;
286			}
287		}
288		if (gdt_rd == NULL) {
289			if (i >= 8190) {
290				printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: all slots "
291				    "in gdt are used\n");
292				free_tables();
293				return (0);
294			}
295			loader_gdt.rd_limit = roundup2(fw_gdt.rd_limit +
296			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor),
297			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor)) - 1;
298			i = (loader_gdt.rd_limit + 1 -
299			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor)) /
300			    sizeof(struct system_segment_descriptor) * 2;
301			status = BS->AllocatePages(AllocateAnyPages,
302			    EfiLoaderData,
303			    EFI_SIZE_TO_PAGES(loader_gdt.rd_limit),
304			    &loader_gdt_pa);
305			if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
306				printf("efi_setup_tss: AllocatePages gdt error "
307				    "%lu\n",  EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
308				loader_gdt_pa = 0;
309				free_tables();
310				return (0);
311			}
312			loader_gdt.rd_base = loader_gdt_pa;
313			bzero((void *)loader_gdt.rd_base, loader_gdt.rd_limit);
314			bcopy((void *)fw_gdt.rd_base,
315			    (void *)loader_gdt.rd_base, fw_gdt.rd_limit);
316			gdt_rd = &loader_gdt;
317		}
318		loader_tss = i << 3;
319		if (!efi_setup_tss(gdt_rd, i, &tss)) {
320			tss_pa = 0;
321			free_tables();
322			return (0);
323		}
324	} else {
325		tss_desc = (struct system_segment_descriptor *)((char *)
326		    fw_gdt.rd_base + tss_fw_seg);
327		if (tss_desc->sd_type != SDT_SYSTSS &&
328		    tss_desc->sd_type != SDT_SYSBSY) {
329			printf("LTR points to non-TSS descriptor\n");
330			free_tables();
331			return (0);
332		}
333		tss_pa = tss_desc->sd_lobase + (tss_desc->sd_hibase << 16);
334		tss = (struct amd64tss *)tss_pa;
335		tss_desc->sd_type = SDT_SYSTSS; /* unbusy */
336	}
337
338	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(0);
339	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(1);
340	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(2);
341	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(3);
342	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(4);
343	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(5);
344	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(6);
345	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(7);
346	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(8);
347	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(9);
348	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(10);
349	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(11);
350	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(12);
351	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(13);
352	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(14);
353	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(16);
354	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(17);
355	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(18);
356	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(19);
357	PREPARE_EXCEPTION(20);
358
359	exc_rsp = exc_stack_pa + PAGE_SIZE -
360	    (6 /* hw exception frame */ + 3 /* scratch regs */) * 8;
361
362	/* Find free IST and use it */
363	for (ist = 1; ist < NUM_IST; ist++) {
364		if (ist_use_table[ist] == 0)
365			break;
366	}
367	if (ist == NUM_IST) {
368		printf("efi_redirect_exceptions: all ISTs used\n");
369		free_tables();
370		lidt_pa = 0;
371		return (0);
372	}
373	for (i = 0; i < NUM_EXC; i++) {
374		loader_idt_e = &((struct gate_descriptor *)loader_idt.
375		    rd_base)[i];
376		if (intercepted[i])
377			loader_idt_e->gd_ist = ist;
378	}
379	(&(tss->tss_ist1))[ist - 1] = exc_stack_pa + PAGE_SIZE;
380
381	/* Switch to new IDT */
382	rfl = intr_disable();
383	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0)
384		bare_lgdt(&loader_gdt);
385	if (loader_tss != 0)
386		ltr(loader_tss);
387	lidt(&loader_idt);
388	intr_restore(rfl);
389	return (1);
390}
391
392static void
393efi_unredirect_exceptions(void)
394{
395	register_t rfl;
396
397	if (lidt_pa == 0)
398		return;
399
400	rfl = intr_disable();
401	if (ist != 0)
402		(&(((struct amd64tss *)tss_pa)->tss_ist1))[ist - 1] = 0;
403	if (loader_gdt_pa != 0)
404		bare_lgdt(&fw_gdt);
405	if (loader_tss != 0)
406		ltr(tss_fw_seg);
407	lidt(&fw_idt);
408	intr_restore(rfl);
409	free_tables();
410}
411
412static int
413command_grab_faults(int argc, char *argv[])
414{
415	int res;
416
417	res = efi_redirect_exceptions();
418	if (!res)
419		printf("failed\n");
420	return (CMD_OK);
421}
422COMMAND_SET(grap_faults, "grab_faults", "grab faults", command_grab_faults);
423
424static int
425command_ungrab_faults(int argc, char *argv[])
426{
427
428	efi_unredirect_exceptions();
429	return (CMD_OK);
430}
431COMMAND_SET(ungrab_faults, "ungrab_faults", "ungrab faults",
432    command_ungrab_faults);
433
434static int
435command_fault(int argc, char *argv[])
436{
437
438	__asm("ud2");
439	return (CMD_OK);
440}
441COMMAND_SET(fault, "fault", "generate fault", command_fault);
442