UPDATING revision 76562
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained by imp@village.org. Please send new entries 4directly to him. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the end of the file. Search for 'COMMON 6ITEMS:' 7 820010512: 9 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 10 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 11 1220010423: 13 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 14 1520010411: 16 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 17 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 18 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 19 fsck with the new kernel ever. 20 2120010330: 22 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 23 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page fora 24 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 25 2620010319: 27 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 28 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 29 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 30 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny}. 31 3220010312: 33 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 34 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 35 3620010312: 37 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 38 instead of ad-hoc. 39 4020010310: 41 /dev/urandmon should be a sumbolic link to /dev/random now. 42 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 43 ssh might not work if you don't. 44 4520010220: 46 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 47 safe to go back into the water. 48 4920010211: 50 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 51 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 52 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 53 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 54 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 55 56 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 57 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 58 don't have to move this to the updating section. 59 60 To get around the installworld problem, do: 61 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 62 # make install 63 # cd /usr/src 64 # make installworld 65 If that doesn't work, then try: 66 # make -k installworld 67 # make installworld 68 6920010207: 70 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 71 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 72 7320010205: 74 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 75 Remove them from your config. 76 7720010122: 78 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 79 buildkernel has been changed slightly 80 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 81 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 82 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 83 8420010119: 85 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 86 This requires a new config to build correctly. 87 8820010116: 89 The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 90 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 91 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 92 9320010110: 94 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 95 9620010102: 97 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 98 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 99 10020010101: 101 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 102 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 103 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 104 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 105 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 106 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 107 might have been ignored by the -k option. 108 109 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 110 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 111 of this working. 112 11320001228: 114 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 115 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed 116 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 117 11820001218: 119 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 120 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 121 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 122 cards will not be recognized without it. 123 12420001205: 125 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 126 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 127 adding the following in pam.conf: 128 129 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 130 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 131 sshd session required pam_permit.so 132 13320001031: 134 cvs updated to 1.11. 135 13620001020: 137 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 138 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 139 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 140 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 141 workaround. 142 14320001010: 144 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 145 Sendmail has been updated. 146 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 147 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 148 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 149 is set. 150 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 151 commands. 152 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 153 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 154 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 155 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 156 157 More details can be found at 158 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 159 16020001009: 161 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 162 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 163 16420001006: 165 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 166 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 167 /usr/bin/miniperl. 168 16920001005: 170 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 171 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 172 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 173 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 174 tree for anything to work. 175 17620000928: 177 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 178 17920000916: 180 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 181 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 182 same time as your kernel. 183 18420000914: 185 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 186 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 187 when they resume. Include 188 device pmtimer 189 in your config file and 190 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 191 to your /boot/device.hints file. 192 19320000911: 194 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 195 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 196 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 197 own kernel config file. 198 Remove: 199 options RANDOMDEV 200 Add: 201 device random 202 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 203 nothing. 204 20520000909: 206 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 207 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 208 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 209 The line should read: 210 random_load="YES" 211 21220000907: 213 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 214 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 215 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 216 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 217 first blush appear related to SMP. 218 21920000906: 220 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 221 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 222 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 223 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 224 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 225 22620000905: 227 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 228 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 229 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 230 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 231 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 232 23320000905: 234 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 235 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 236 is /boot/kernel. 237 238 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 239 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 240 installkernel/installworld dance. 241 242 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 243 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 244 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 245 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 246 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 247 248 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 249 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 250 chflags noschg /kernel.old 251 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 252 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 253 fi 254 25520000904: 256 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 257 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 258 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 259 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 260 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 261 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 262 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 263 is not likely to be generated. 264 26520000825: 266 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 267 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 268 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 269 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 270 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 271 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 272 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 273 kernel. 274 27520000821: 276 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 277 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 278 /boot/loader.conf. 279 28020000812: 281 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 282 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 283 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 284 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 285 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 286 will fix this until the next build. 287 28820000812: 289 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 290 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 291 include: 292 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 293 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 294 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 295 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 296 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 297 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 298 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 299 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 300 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 301 30220000810: 303 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 304 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 305 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 306 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 307 specific use for it. 308 30920000729: 310 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 311 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 312 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 313 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 314 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 315 inetd_enable="YES" 316 portmap_enable="YES" 317 sendmail_enable="YES" 318 31920000728: 320 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 321 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 322 32320000728: 324 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 325 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 326 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 327 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 328 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 329 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 330 to /MYKERNEL. 331 33220000711: 333 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 334 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 335 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 336 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 337 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 338 to get around them. 339 340 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 341 clauses above, you needn't worry. 342 34320000711: 344 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 345 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 346 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 347 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 348 34920000710: 350 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 351 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 352 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 353 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 354 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 355 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 356 errors. (see below, 20000624). 357 358 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 359 36020000709: 361 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 362 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 363 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 364 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 365 36620000706: 367 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 368 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 369 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 370 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 371 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 372 interim if needed. 373 37420000705: 375 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 376 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 377 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 378 details. 379 38020000704: 381 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 382 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 383 38420000704: 385 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 386 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 387 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 388 38920000630: 390 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 391 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 392 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 393 39420000625: 395 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 396 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 397 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 398 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 399 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 400 were required. You should check with the latest collections 401 to make sure that these haven't changed. 402 40320000624: 404 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 405 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 406 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 407 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT FORWARD for cryptographic services 408 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 409 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 410 date to the completion of the work. 411 412 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 413 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 414 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 415 recreate the random and urandom devices. 416 41720000622: 418 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 419 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 420 that used to be required when updating. 421 42220000621: 423 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 424 the config file update procedure. 425 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 426 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 427 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file. 428 42920000620: 430 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 431 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 432 that workaround will no longer be required. 433 43420000615: 435 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 436 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 437 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 438 devices. 439 440 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 441 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 442 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 443 may work). 444 44520000612: 446 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 447 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 448 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 449 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 450 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 451 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 452 45320000522: 454 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 455 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 456 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 457 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 458 459 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 460 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 461 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 462 is resolved. 463 46420000513: 465 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 466 46720000510: 468 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 469 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 470 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 471 47220000503: 473 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 474 is now available. 475 47620000502: 477 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 478 connected to the kernel building instead. 479 48020000427: 481 You may need to build gperf 482 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 483 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 484 an option only in -current. 485 48620000417: 487 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 488 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 489 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 490 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 491 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 492 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 493 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 494 49520000320: 496 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 497 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 498 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 499 /sbin/sysctl -w hw.atamodes=pio,pio,pio,pio 500 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 501 50220000319: 503 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 504 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 505 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 506 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 507 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 508 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 509 51020000318: 511 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 512 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 513 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 514 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 515 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 516 that you are loading are up to date. 517 51820000315: 519 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 520 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 521 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 522 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 523 boot. 524 52520000315: 526 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 527 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 528 529COMMON ITEMS: 530 531 General Notes 532 ------------- 533 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 534 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 535 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 536 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 537 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 538 on the -current branch). 539 540 To build a kernel 541 ----------------- 542 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 543 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 544 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 545 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 546 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 547 548 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 549 -------------------------------------------------------------- 550 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 551 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE [1] 552 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 553 make depend 554 make 555 make install 556 557 [1] If in doubt, -r might help here. 558 559 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 560 561 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 562 ----------------------------------------------------------- 563 make world 564 Build a new kernel, see above. 565 566 To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current 567 ------------------------------------- 568 make buildworld 569 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 570 cp src/sys/${MACHINE_ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 571 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 572 make installworld 573 mergemaster 574 [1] 575 <reboot> 576 577 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 578 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 579 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 580 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 581 the UPDATING entries. 582 583 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 584 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 585 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 586 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 587 much fewer pitfalls. 588 589 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 590 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 591 system on reboot. 592 593 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 594 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 595 configuration. 596 597FORMAT: 598 599This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 600breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 601and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 602previous releases if your system is older than this. 603 604Please filter your entries through Warner Losh (imp@village.org) so 605that the style, formatting, etc of this file can be maintained. 606 607$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 76562 2001-05-14 05:11:31Z imp $ 608