UPDATING revision 276479
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420141231: 35 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 36 37 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 38 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 39 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 40 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 41 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 42 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 43 later. 44 45 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 46 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 47 of the box. 48 49 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 50 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 51 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 52 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 53 54 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 55 the instructions for 9.x above. 56 57 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 58 default, and do not build clang. 59 60 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 61 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 62 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 63 64 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 65 the following are most likely to appear: 66 67 -Wabsolute-value 68 69 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 70 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 71 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 72 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 73 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 74 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 75 cast, or disable the warning. 76 77 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 78 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 79 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 80 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 81 side-effects. 82 83 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 84 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 85 86 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 87 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 88 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 89 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 90 91 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 92 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 93 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 94 unreachable could be optimized away. 95 9620141222: 97 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 98 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 99 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 100 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 101 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 102 the utilities will report errors. 103 10420141121: 105 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 106 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 107 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 108 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 109 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 110 LOCAL_DIRS. 111 11220141109: 113 faith(4) and faithd(8) has been removed from base system. It 114 has been obsolete for a very long time. 115 11620141104: 117 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 118 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 119 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 120 drivers. 121 122 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 123 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 124 indicate what you need to do. 125 126 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 127 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 128 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 129 130 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 131 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 132 kern.vty=sc 133 13420141102: 135 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 136 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for a more details on how to 137 execute it. 138 13920141009: 140 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 141 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 142 devel/gperf port. 143 14420140923: 145 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 146 contrib/pjdfstest . 147 14820140922: 149 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 150 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 151 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 152 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 153 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 154 their next update cycle. 155 15620140729: 157 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 158 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This 159 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 160 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 161 1.12.4_8 or newer. 162 16320140723: 164 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 165 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 166 16720140719: 168 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 169 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 170 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 171 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 172 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 173 new configuration. 174 17520140709: 176 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 177 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 178 them again. 179 18020140708: 181 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 182 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 183 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 184 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 185 requires readline. 186 18720140702: 188 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 189 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 190 architecture. 191 19220140701: 193 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 194 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 195 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 196 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 197 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 198 19920140629: 200 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 201 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 202 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 203 20420140619: 205 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 206 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 207 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 208 20920140606: 210 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 211 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 212 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 213 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 214 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 215 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 216 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 217 "make installworld". 218 219 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 220 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 221 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 222 is run. 223 224 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 225 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 226 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 227 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 228 be removed during a clean upgrade. 229 23020140512: 231 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 232 23320140508: 234 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 235 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 236 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 237 23820140505: 239 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 240 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 241 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 242 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 243 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 244 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 245 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 246 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 247 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 248 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 249 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 250 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 251 252 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 253 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 254 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 255 as well. 256 25720140430: 258 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 259 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 260 26120140418: 262 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 263 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 264 will silently lack HESIOD. 265 26620140405: 267 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 268 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 269 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 270 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 271 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 272 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 273 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 274 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 275 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 276 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 277 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 278 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 279 28020140306: 281 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 282 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 283 with command line option -W. 284 28520140226: 286 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 287 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 288 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 289 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 290 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 291 29220140216: 293 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 294 29520140216: 296 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 297 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 298 29920140212: 300 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 301 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 302 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 303 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 304 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 305 30620140204: 307 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 308 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 309 kernel is still highly recommended. 310 31120140131: 312 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 313 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 314 capability mode support in kernel. 315 31620140128: 317 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 318 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 319 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 320 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 321 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 322 32320140110: 324 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 325 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 326 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 327 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 328 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 329 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 330 33120131213: 332 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 333 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 334 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 335 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 336 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 337 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 338 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 339 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 340 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 341 34220131108: 343 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 344 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 345 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 346 should change your settings to use the latter. 347 34820131025: 349 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 350 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 351 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 352 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 353 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 354 35520131014: 356 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 357 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 358 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 359 delete-old-libs": 360 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 361 or 362 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 363 36420131010: 365 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 366 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 367 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 368 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 369 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 370 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 371 372 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 373 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 374 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 375 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 376 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 377 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 378 379 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 380 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 381 with an integer. 382 38320130930: 384 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 385 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 386 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 387 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 388 389 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 390 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 391 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 392 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 393 39420130916: 395 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 396 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 397 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 398 39920130911: 400 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 401 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 402 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 403 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 404 40520130906: 406 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 407 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 408 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 409 options in src.conf. 410 41120130905: 412 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 413 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 414 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 415 'options PROCDESC'. 416 41720130905: 418 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 419 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 420 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 421 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 422 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 423 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 424 42520130903: 426 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 427 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 428 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 429 43020130821: 431 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 432 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 433 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 434 43520130813: 436 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 437 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 438 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 439 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 440 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 441 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 442 44320130806: 444 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 445 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 446 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 447 explicitly. 448 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 449 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 450 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 451 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 452 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 453 45420130806: 455 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 456 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 457 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 458 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 459 to r253970 or later. 460 46120130802: 462 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 463 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 464 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 465 would result: 466 467 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 468 469 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 470 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 471 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 472 old as well as the new version of find. 473 47420130726: 475 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 476 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 477 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 478 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 479 subdirectories must be reviewed. 480 48120130716: 482 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 483 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 484 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 485 486 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 487 488 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 489 users are advised to upgrade. 490 49120130709: 492 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 493 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 494 49520130709: 496 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 497 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 498 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 499 50020130629: 501 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 502 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 503 504 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 505 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 506 overloading the machine. 507 50820130618: 509 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 510 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 511 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 512 write access to that file. 513 51420130615: 515 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 516 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 517 51820130613: 519 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 520 521 make: illegal option -- J 522 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 523 ... 524 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 525 526 this likely due to an old instance of make in 527 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 528 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 529 you see the above error: 530 531 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 532 533 should resolve it. 534 53520130516: 536 Use bmake by default. 537 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 538 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 539 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 540 541 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 542 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 543 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 544 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 545 behavior in parallel build. 546 54720130429: 548 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 549 55020130426: 551 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 552 the IDEA patent expired. 553 55420130426: 555 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 556 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 557 enabled by default. 558 55920130425: 560 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 561 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 562 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 563 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 564 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 565 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 566 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 567 && make install). 568 56920130404: 570 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 571 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 572 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 573 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 574 and removed. 575 57620130319: 577 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 578 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 579 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 580 binaries will not work on older kernels. 581 58220130308: 583 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 584 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 585 58620130304: 587 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 588 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 589 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 590 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 591 is requested. 592 593 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 594 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 595 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 596 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 597 in /boot/loader.conf. 598 59920130301: 600 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 601 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 602 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 603 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 604 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 605 60620130208: 607 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 608 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 609 610 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 611 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 612 61320130129: 614 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 615 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 616 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 617 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 618 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 619 62020130121: 621 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 622 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 623 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 624 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 625 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 626 /etc/src.conf. 627 62820130118: 629 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 630 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 631 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 632 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 633 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 634 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 635 use is expected to be extremely rare. 636 63720121223: 638 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 639 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 640 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 641 64220121222: 643 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 644 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 645 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 646 be updated. 647 64820121217: 649 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 650 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 651 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 652 653 savecore_flags="" 654 65520121201: 656 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 657 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 658 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 659 66020121117: 661 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 662 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 663 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 664 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 665 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 666 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 667 66820121105: 669 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 670 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 671 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 672 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 673 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 674 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 675 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 676 branch point). 677 67820121102: 679 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 680 functionality now turned on by default. 681 68220121023: 683 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 684 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 685 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 686 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 687 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 688 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 689 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 690 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 691 of the two kernel options. 692 69320121023: 694 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 695 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 696 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 697 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 698 69920121022: 700 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 701 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 702 recompiled. 703 70420121018: 705 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 706 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 707 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 708 70920121016: 710 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 711 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 712 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 713 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 714 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 715 71620121015: 717 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 718 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 719 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 720 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 721 72220121014: 723 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 724 72520121013: 726 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 727 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 728 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 729 knob has also gone. 730 73120121006: 732 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 733 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 734 with new kernel. 735 73620121001: 737 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 738 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 739 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 740 74120120913: 742 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 743 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 744 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 745 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 746 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 747 configurations. 748 74920120908: 750 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 751 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 752 75320120828: 754 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 755 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 756 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 757 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 758 manual page. 759 76020120727: 761 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 762 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 763 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 764 76520120712: 766 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 767 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 768 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 769 77020120712: 771 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 772 with other variables: 773 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 774 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 775 77620120628: 777 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 778 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 779 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 780 installed as "bsdsort". 781 78220120611: 783 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 784 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 785 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 786 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 787 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 788 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 789 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 790 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 791 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 792 79320120417: 794 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 795 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 796 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 797 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 798 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 799 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 800 NAMESPACE section). 801 80220120328: 803 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 804 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 805 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 806 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 807 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 808 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 809 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 810 81120120306: 812 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 813 platforms. 814 81520120229: 816 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 817 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 818 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 819 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 820 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 821 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 822 82320120211: 824 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 825 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 826 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 827 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 828 comes from 20111215. 829 83020120114: 831 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 832 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 833 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 834 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 835 836 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 837 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 838 83920120109: 840 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 841 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 842 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 843 tunable/sysctl. 844 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 845 84620111215: 847 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 848 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 849 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 850 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 851 not supported anymore. 852 853 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 854 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 855 need to be recompiled. 856 85720111122: 858 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 859 /dev/wmistat0. 860 86120111108: 862 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 863 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 864 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 865 time. 866 86720111101: 868 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 869 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 870 87120110930: 872 sysinstall has been removed 873 87420110923: 875 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 876 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 877 878COMMON ITEMS: 879 880 General Notes 881 ------------- 882 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 883 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 884 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 885 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 886 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 887 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 888 several months have passed on the -current branch). 889 890 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 891 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 892 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 893 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 894 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 895 896 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 897 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 898 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 899 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 900 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 901 902 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 903 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 904 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 905 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 906 907 ZFS notes 908 --------- 909 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 910 these two steps: 911 912 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 913 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 914 915 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 916 917 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 918 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 919 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 920 921 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 922 923 To build a kernel 924 ----------------- 925 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 926 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 927 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 928 929 make kernel-toolchain 930 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 931 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 932 933 To test a kernel once 934 --------------------- 935 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 936 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 937 debugging information) run 938 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 939 nextboot -k testkernel 940 941 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 942 -------------------------------------------------------------- 943 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 944 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 945 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 946 947 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 948 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 949 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 950 make depend 951 make 952 make install 953 954 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 955 956 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 957 ----------------------------------------------------------- 958 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 959 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 960 961 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 962 make buildworld 963 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 964 [1] 965 <reboot in single user> [3] 966 mergemaster -Fp [5] 967 make installworld 968 mergemaster -Fi [4] 969 make delete-old [6] 970 <reboot> 971 972 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 973 -------------------------------------------------- 974 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 975 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 976 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 977 # size. 978 979 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 980 <boot into -stable> 981 make buildworld 982 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 983 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 984 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 985 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 986 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 987 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 988 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 989 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 990 <reboot into current> 991 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 992 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 993 <reboot> 994 995 996 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 997 ---------------------------------------------- 998 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 999 make buildworld [9] 1000 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1001 [1] 1002 <reboot in single user> [3] 1003 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1004 make installworld 1005 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1006 make delete-old [6] 1007 <reboot> 1008 1009 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1010 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1011 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1012 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1013 the UPDATING entries. 1014 1015 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1016 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1017 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1018 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1019 much fewer pitfalls. 1020 1021 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1022 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1023 system on reboot. 1024 1025 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1026 fsck -p 1027 mount -u / 1028 mount -a 1029 cd src 1030 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1031 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1032 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1033 1034 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1035 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1036 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1037 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1038 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1039 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1040 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1041 1042 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1043 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1044 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1045 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1046 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1047 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1048 1049 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1050 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1051 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1052 1053 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1054 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1055 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1056 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1057 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1058 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1059 1060 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1061 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1062 1063 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1064 cvs prune empty directories. 1065 1066 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1067 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1068 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1069 1070 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1071 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1072 warn if it is improperly defined. 1073FORMAT: 1074 1075This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1076breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1077list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1078If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1079to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1080 1081Copyright information: 1082 1083Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1084 1085Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1086modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1087document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1088 1089THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1090IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1091WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1092DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1093INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1094(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1095SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1096HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1097STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1098IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1099POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1100 1101Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1102this document. 1103 1104$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 276479 2014-12-31 20:31:32Z dim $ 1105