UPDATING revision 268127
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420140701: 35 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 36 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 37 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 38 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 39 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 40 4120140629: 42 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 43 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 44 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 45 4620140619: 47 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 48 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 49 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 50 5120140606: 52 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 53 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 54 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 55 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 56 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 57 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 58 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 59 "make installworld". 60 61 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 62 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 63 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 64 is run. 65 66 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 67 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 68 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 69 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 70 be removed during a clean upgrade. 71 7220140512: 73 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 74 7520140508: 76 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 77 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 78 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 79 8020140505: 81 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 82 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 83 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 84 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 85 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 86 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 87 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 88 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 89 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 90 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 91 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 92 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 93 94 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 95 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 96 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 97 as well. 98 9920140430: 100 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 101 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 102 10320140418: 104 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 105 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 106 will silently lack HESIOD. 107 10820140405: 109 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 110 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 111 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 112 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 113 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 114 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 115 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 116 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 117 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 118 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 119 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 120 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 121 12220140306: 123 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 124 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 125 with command line option -W. 126 12720140226: 128 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 129 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 130 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 131 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 132 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 133 13420140216: 135 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 136 13720140216: 138 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 139 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 140 14120140212: 142 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 143 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 144 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 145 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 146 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 147 14820140204: 149 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 150 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 151 kernel is still highly recommended. 152 15320140131: 154 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 155 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 156 capability mode support in kernel. 157 15820140128: 159 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 160 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 161 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 162 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 163 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 164 16520140110: 166 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 167 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 168 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 169 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 170 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 171 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 172 17320131213: 174 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 175 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 176 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 177 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 178 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 179 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 180 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 181 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 182 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 183 18420131108: 185 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 186 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 187 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 188 should change your settings to use the latter. 189 19020131025: 191 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 192 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 193 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 194 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 195 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 196 19720131014: 198 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 199 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 200 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 201 delete-old-libs": 202 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 203 or 204 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 205 20620131010: 207 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 208 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 209 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 210 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 211 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 212 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 213 214 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 215 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 216 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 217 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 218 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 219 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 220 221 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 222 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 223 with an integer. 224 22520130930: 226 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 227 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 228 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 229 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 230 231 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 232 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 233 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 234 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 235 23620130916: 237 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 238 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 239 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 240 24120130911: 242 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 243 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 244 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 245 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 246 24720130906: 248 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 249 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 250 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 251 options in src.conf. 252 25320130905: 254 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 255 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 256 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 257 'options PROCDESC'. 258 25920130905: 260 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 261 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 262 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 263 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 264 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 265 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 266 26720130903: 268 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 269 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 270 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 271 27220130821: 273 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 274 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 275 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 276 27720130813: 278 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 279 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 280 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 281 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 282 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 283 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 284 28520130806: 286 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 287 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 288 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 289 explicitly. 290 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 291 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 292 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 293 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 294 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 295 29620130806: 297 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 298 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 299 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 300 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 301 to r253970 or later. 302 30320130802: 304 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 305 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 306 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 307 would result: 308 309 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 310 311 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 312 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 313 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 314 old as well as the new version of find. 315 31620130726: 317 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 318 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 319 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 320 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 321 subdirectories must be reviewed. 322 32320130716: 324 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 325 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 326 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 327 328 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 329 330 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 331 users are advised to upgrade. 332 33320130709: 334 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 335 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 336 33720130709: 338 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 339 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 340 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 341 34220130629: 343 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 344 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 345 346 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 347 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 348 overloading the machine. 349 35020130618: 351 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 352 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 353 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 354 write access to that file. 355 35620130615: 357 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 358 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 359 36020130613: 361 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 362 363 make: illegal option -- J 364 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 365 ... 366 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 367 368 this likely due to an old instance of make in 369 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 370 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 371 you see the above error: 372 373 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 374 375 should resolve it. 376 37720130516: 378 Use bmake by default. 379 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 380 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 381 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 382 383 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 384 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 385 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 386 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 387 behavior in parallel build. 388 38920130429: 390 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 391 39220130426: 393 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 394 the IDEA patent expired. 395 39620130426: 397 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 398 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 399 enabled by default. 400 40120130425: 402 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 403 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 404 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 405 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 406 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 407 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 408 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 409 && make install). 410 41120130404: 412 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 413 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 414 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 415 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 416 and removed. 417 41820130319: 419 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 420 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 421 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 422 binaries will not work on older kernels. 423 42420130308: 425 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 426 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 427 42820130304: 429 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 430 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 431 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 432 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 433 is requested. 434 435 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 436 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 437 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 438 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 439 in /boot/loader.conf. 440 44120130301: 442 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 443 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 444 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 445 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 446 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 447 44820130208: 449 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 450 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 451 452 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 453 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 454 45520130129: 456 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 457 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 458 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 459 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 460 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 461 46220130121: 463 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 464 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 465 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 466 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 467 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 468 /etc/src.conf. 469 47020130118: 471 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 472 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 473 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 474 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 475 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 476 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 477 use is expected to be extremely rare. 478 47920121223: 480 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 481 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 482 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 483 48420121222: 485 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 486 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 487 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 488 be updated. 489 49020121217: 491 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 492 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 493 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 494 495 savecore_flags="" 496 49720121201: 498 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 499 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 500 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 501 50220121117: 503 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 504 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 505 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 506 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 507 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 508 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 509 51020121105: 511 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 512 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 513 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 514 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 515 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 516 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 517 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 518 branch point). 519 52020121102: 521 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 522 functionality now turned on by default. 523 52420121023: 525 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 526 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 527 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 528 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 529 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 530 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 531 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 532 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 533 of the two kernel options. 534 53520121023: 536 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 537 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 538 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 539 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 540 54120121022: 542 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 543 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 544 recompiled. 545 54620121018: 547 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 548 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 549 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 550 55120121016: 552 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 553 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 554 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 555 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 556 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 557 55820121015: 559 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 560 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 561 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 562 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 563 56420121014: 565 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 566 56720121013: 568 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 569 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 570 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 571 knob has also gone. 572 57320121006: 574 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 575 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 576 with new kernel. 577 57820121001: 579 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 580 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 581 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 582 58320120913: 584 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 585 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 586 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 587 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 588 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 589 configurations. 590 59120120908: 592 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 593 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 594 59520120828: 596 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 597 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 598 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 599 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 600 manual page. 601 60220120727: 603 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 604 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 605 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 606 60720120712: 608 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 609 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 610 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 611 61220120712: 613 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 614 with other variables: 615 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 616 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 617 61820120628: 619 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 620 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 621 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 622 installed as "bsdsort". 623 62420120611: 625 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 626 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 627 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 628 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 629 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 630 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 631 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 632 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 633 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 634 63520120417: 636 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 637 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 638 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 639 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 640 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 641 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 642 NAMESPACE section). 643 64420120328: 645 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 646 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 647 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 648 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 649 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 650 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 651 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 652 65320120306: 654 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 655 platforms. 656 65720120229: 658 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 659 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 660 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 661 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 662 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 663 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 664 66520120211: 666 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 667 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 668 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 669 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 670 comes from 20111215. 671 67220120114: 673 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 674 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 675 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 676 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 677 678 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 679 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 680 68120120109: 682 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 683 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 684 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 685 tunable/sysctl. 686 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 687 68820111215: 689 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 690 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 691 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 692 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 693 not supported anymore. 694 695 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 696 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 697 need to be recompiled. 698 69920111122: 700 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 701 /dev/wmistat0. 702 70320111108: 704 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 705 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 706 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 707 time. 708 70920111101: 710 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 711 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 712 71320110930: 714 sysinstall has been removed 715 71620110923: 717 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 718 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 719 720COMMON ITEMS: 721 722 General Notes 723 ------------- 724 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 725 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 726 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 727 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 728 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 729 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 730 several months have passed on the -current branch). 731 732 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 733 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 734 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 735 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 736 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 737 738 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 739 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 740 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 741 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 742 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 743 744 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 745 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 746 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 747 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 748 749 ZFS notes 750 --------- 751 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 752 these two steps: 753 754 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 755 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 756 757 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 758 759 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 760 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 761 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 762 763 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 764 765 To build a kernel 766 ----------------- 767 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 768 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 769 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 770 771 make kernel-toolchain 772 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 773 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 774 775 To test a kernel once 776 --------------------- 777 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 778 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 779 debugging information) run 780 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 781 nextboot -k testkernel 782 783 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 784 -------------------------------------------------------------- 785 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 786 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 787 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 788 789 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 790 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 791 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 792 make depend 793 make 794 make install 795 796 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 797 798 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 799 ----------------------------------------------------------- 800 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 801 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 802 803 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 804 make buildworld 805 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 806 [1] 807 <reboot in single user> [3] 808 mergemaster -Fp [5] 809 make installworld 810 mergemaster -Fi [4] 811 make delete-old [6] 812 <reboot> 813 814 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 815 -------------------------------------------------- 816 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 817 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 818 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 819 # size. 820 821 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 822 <boot into -stable> 823 make buildworld 824 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 825 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 826 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 827 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 828 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 829 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 830 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 831 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 832 <reboot into current> 833 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 834 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 835 <reboot> 836 837 838 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 839 ---------------------------------------------- 840 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 841 make buildworld [9] 842 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 843 [1] 844 <reboot in single user> [3] 845 mergemaster -Fp [5] 846 make installworld 847 mergemaster -Fi [4] 848 make delete-old [6] 849 <reboot> 850 851 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 852 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 853 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 854 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 855 the UPDATING entries. 856 857 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 858 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 859 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 860 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 861 much fewer pitfalls. 862 863 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 864 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 865 system on reboot. 866 867 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 868 fsck -p 869 mount -u / 870 mount -a 871 cd src 872 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 873 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 874 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 875 876 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 877 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 878 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 879 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 880 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 881 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 882 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 883 884 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 885 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 886 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 887 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 888 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 889 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 890 891 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 892 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 893 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 894 895 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 896 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 897 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 898 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 899 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 900 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 901 902 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 903 last time you updated your kernel config file. 904 905 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 906 cvs prune empty directories. 907 908 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 909 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 910 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 911 912 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 913 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 914 warn if it is improperly defined. 915FORMAT: 916 917This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 918breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 919list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 920If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 921to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 922 923Copyright information: 924 925Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 926 927Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 928modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 929document are permitted without further permission from the author. 930 931THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 932IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 933WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 934DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 935INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 936(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 937SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 938HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 939STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 940IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 941POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 942 943Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 944this document. 945 946$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 268127 2014-07-01 22:32:11Z rmacklem $ 947