UPDATING revision 259669
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420131213: 35 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 36 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 37 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 38 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 39 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 40 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 41 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 42 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 43 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 44 4520131108: 46 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 47 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 48 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 49 should change your settings to use the latter. 50 5120131025: 52 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 53 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 54 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 55 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 56 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 57 5820131014: 59 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 60 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 61 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 62 delete-old-libs": 63 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 64 or 65 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 66 6720131010: 68 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 69 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 70 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 71 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 72 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 73 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 74 75 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 76 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 77 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 78 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 79 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 80 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 81 82 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 83 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 84 with an integer. 85 8620130930: 87 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 88 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 89 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 90 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 91 92 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 93 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 94 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 95 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 96 9720130916: 98 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 99 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 100 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 101 10220130911: 103 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 104 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 105 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 106 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 107 10820130906: 109 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 110 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 111 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 112 options in src.conf. 113 11420130905: 115 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 116 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 117 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 118 'options PROCDESC'. 119 12020130905: 121 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 122 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 123 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 124 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 125 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 126 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 127 12820130903: 129 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 130 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 131 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 132 13320130821: 134 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 135 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 136 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 137 13820130813: 139 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 140 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 141 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 142 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 143 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 144 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 145 14620130806: 147 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 148 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 149 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 150 explicitly. 151 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 152 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 153 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 154 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 155 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 156 15720130806: 158 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 159 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 160 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 161 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 162 to r253970 or later. 163 16420130802: 165 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 166 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 167 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 168 would result: 169 170 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 171 172 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 173 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 174 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 175 old as well as the new version of find. 176 17720130726: 178 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 179 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 180 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 181 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 182 subdirectories must be reviewed. 183 18420130716: 185 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 186 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 187 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 188 189 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 190 191 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 192 users are advised to upgrade. 193 19420130709: 195 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 196 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 197 19820130709: 199 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 200 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 201 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 202 20320130629: 204 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 205 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 206 207 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 208 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 209 overloading the machine. 210 21120130618: 212 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 213 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 214 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 215 write access to that file. 216 21720130615: 218 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 219 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 220 22120130613: 222 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 223 224 make: illegal option -- J 225 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 226 ... 227 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 228 229 this likely due to an old instance of make in 230 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 231 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 232 you see the above error: 233 234 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 235 236 should resolve it. 237 23820130516: 239 Use bmake by default. 240 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 241 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 242 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 243 244 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 245 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 246 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 247 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 248 behavior in parallel build. 249 25020130429: 251 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 252 25320130426: 254 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 255 the IDEA patent expired. 256 25720130426: 258 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 259 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 260 enabled by default. 261 26220130425: 263 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 264 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 265 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 266 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 267 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 268 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 269 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 270 && make install). 271 27220130404: 273 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 274 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 275 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 276 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 277 and removed. 278 27920130319: 280 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 281 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 282 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 283 binaries will not work on older kernels. 284 28520130308: 286 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 287 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 288 28920130304: 290 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 291 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 292 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 293 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 294 is requested. 295 296 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 297 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 298 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 299 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 300 in /boot/loader.conf. 301 30220130301: 303 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 304 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 305 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 306 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 307 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 308 30920130208: 310 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 311 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 312 313 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 314 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 315 31620130129: 317 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 318 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 319 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 320 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 321 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 322 32320130121: 324 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 325 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 326 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 327 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 328 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 329 /etc/src.conf. 330 33120130118: 332 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 333 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 334 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 335 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 336 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 337 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 338 use is expected to be extremely rare. 339 34020121223: 341 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 342 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 343 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 344 34520121222: 346 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 347 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 348 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 349 be updated. 350 35120121217: 352 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 353 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 354 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 355 356 savecore_flags="" 357 35820121201: 359 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 360 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 361 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 362 36320121117: 364 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 365 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 366 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 367 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 368 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 369 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 370 37120121105: 372 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 373 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 374 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 375 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 376 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 377 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 378 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 379 branch point). 380 38120121102: 382 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 383 functionality now turned on by default. 384 38520121023: 386 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 387 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 388 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 389 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 390 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 391 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 392 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 393 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 394 of the two kernel options. 395 39620121023: 397 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 398 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 399 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 400 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 401 40220121022: 403 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 404 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 405 recompiled. 406 40720121018: 408 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 409 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 410 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 411 41220121016: 413 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 414 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 415 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 416 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 417 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 418 41920121015: 420 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 421 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 422 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 423 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 424 42520121014: 426 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 427 42820121013: 429 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 430 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 431 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 432 knob has also gone. 433 43420121006: 435 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 436 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 437 with new kernel. 438 43920121001: 440 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 441 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 442 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 443 44420120913: 445 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 446 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 447 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 448 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 449 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 450 configurations. 451 45220120908: 453 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 454 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 455 45620120828: 457 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 458 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 459 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 460 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 461 manual page. 462 46320120727: 464 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 465 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 466 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 467 46820120712: 469 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 470 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 471 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 472 47320120712: 474 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 475 with other variables: 476 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 477 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 478 47920120628: 480 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 481 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 482 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 483 installed as "bsdsort". 484 48520120611: 486 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 487 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 488 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 489 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 490 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 491 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 492 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 493 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 494 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 495 49620120417: 497 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 498 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 499 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 500 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 501 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 502 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 503 NAMESPACE section). 504 50520120328: 506 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 507 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 508 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 509 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 510 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 511 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 512 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 513 51420120306: 515 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 516 platforms. 517 51820120229: 519 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 520 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 521 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 522 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 523 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 524 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 525 52620120211: 527 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 528 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 529 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 530 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 531 comes from 20111215. 532 53320120114: 534 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 535 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 536 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 537 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 538 539 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 540 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 541 54220120109: 543 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 544 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 545 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 546 tunable/sysctl. 547 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 548 54920111215: 550 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 551 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 552 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 553 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 554 not supported anymore. 555 556 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 557 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 558 need to be recompiled. 559 56020111122: 561 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 562 /dev/wmistat0. 563 56420111108: 565 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 566 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 567 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 568 time. 569 57020111101: 571 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 572 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 573 57420110930: 575 sysinstall has been removed 576 57720110923: 578 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 579 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 580 58120110913: 582 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 583 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 584 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 585 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 586 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 587 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 588 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 589 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 590 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 591 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 592 59320110828: 594 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 595 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 596 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 597 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 598 59920110815: 600 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 601 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 602 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 603 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 604 605 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 606 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 607 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 608 60920110628: 610 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 611 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 612 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 613 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 614 61520110608: 616 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 617 machdep.hlt_cpus 618 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 619 The following sysctl is retired: 620 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 621 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 622 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 623 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 624 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 625 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 626 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 627 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 628 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 629 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 630 a default scheduler. 631 63220110607: 633 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 634 a mask of CPUs. 635 63620110531: 637 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 638 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 639 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 640 world. 641 64220110513: 643 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 644 64520110503: 646 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 647 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 648 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 649 drivers need to be recompiled. 650 651 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 652 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 653 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 654 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 655 branches. 656 65720110430: 658 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 659 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 660 66120110427: 662 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 663 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 664 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 665 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 666 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 667 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 668 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 669 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 670 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 671 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 672 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 673 674 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 675 676 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 677 a diskless root fs use the old client. 678 67920110424: 680 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 681 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 682 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 683 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 684 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 685 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 686 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 687 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 688 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 689 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 690 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 691 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 692 693 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 694 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 695 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 696 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 697 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 698 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 699 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 700 them are parts of the cam module. 701 702 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 703 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 704 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 705 706 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 707 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 708 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 709 options ATA_CAM 710 device ahci 711 device mvs 712 device siis 713 , and instead add back: 714 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 715 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 716 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 717 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 718 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 719 72020110423: 721 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 722 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 723 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 724 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 725 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 726 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 727 72820110418: 729 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 730 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 731 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 732 73320110331: 734 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 735 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 736 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 737 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 738 in order to use ath on everything else. 739 740 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 741 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 742 74320110314: 744 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 745 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 746 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 747 74820110218: 749 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 750 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 751 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 752 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 753 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 754 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 755 75620110218: 757 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 758 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 759 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 760 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 761 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 762 authentication). 763 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 764 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 765 76620110207: 767 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 768 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 769 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 770 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 771 The function remains undocumented. 772 77320110112: 774 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 775 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 776 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 777 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 778 systems where the define is not present can check against 779 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 780 781 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 782 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 783 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 784 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 785 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 786 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 787 78820110103: 789 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 790 the following warning: 791 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 792 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 793 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 794 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 795 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 796 install it on your system. 797 798 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 799 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 800 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 801 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 802 80320101228: 804 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 805 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 806 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 807 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 808 be recompiled. 809 81020101114: 811 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 812 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 813 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 814 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 815 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 816 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 817 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 818 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 819 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 820 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 821 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 822 it, for example via: 823 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 824 825 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 826 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 827 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 828 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 829 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 830 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 831 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 832 833 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 834 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 835 83620101111: 837 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 838 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 839 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 840 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 841 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 842 84320101002: 844 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 845 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 846 migrate local entries to the new format. 847 84820100928: 849 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 850 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 851 upstream sshd. 852 85320100915: 854 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 855 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 856 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 857 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 858 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 859 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 860 86120100913: 862 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 863 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 864 865 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 866 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 867 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 868 default is "AUTO". 869 870 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 871 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 872 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 873 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 874 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 875 876 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 877 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 878 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 879 88020100913: 881 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 882 now i386 and amd64 only. 883 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 884 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 885 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 886 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 887 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 888 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 889 89020100725: 891 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 892 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 893 89420100722: 895 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 896 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 897 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 898 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 899 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 900 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 901 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 902 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 903 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 904 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 905 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 906 90720100713: 908 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 909 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 910 machine powerpc powerpc 911 912 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 913 after this change. 914 91520100713: 916 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 917 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 918 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 919 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 920 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 921 92220100429: 923 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 924 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 925 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 926 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 927 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 928 92920100402: 930 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 931 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 932 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 933 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 934 WITH_CTF=yes"). 935 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 936 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 937 to unwanted behavior. 938 93920100311: 940 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 941 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 942 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 943 be modified accordingly. 944 94520100113: 946 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 947 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 948 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 949 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 950 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 951 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 952 953 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 954 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 955 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 956 use of utmpx. 957 958 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 959 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 960 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 961 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 962 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 963 96420100108: 965 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 966 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 967 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 968 96920091202: 970 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 971 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 972 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 973 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 974 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 975 976 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 977 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 978 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 979 980 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 981 98220091125: 983 8.0-RELEASE. 984 98520091113: 986 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 987 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 988 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 989 operation of applications on the console. 990 991 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 992 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 993 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 994 cons25. 995 996 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 997 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 998 performed by syscons(4). 999 100020091109: 1001 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 1002 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 1003 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 1004 1005 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 1006 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 1007 new structure. 1008 100920091025: 1010 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 1011 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 1012 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 1013 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 1014 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 1015 iwn5150fw. 1016 101720090926: 1018 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 1019 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 1020 1021 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 1022 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 1023 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 1024 1025 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 1026 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 1027 1028 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 1029 they are obsolete. 1030 1031 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 1032 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 1033 1034 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 1035 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 1036 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 1037 1038 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 1039 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 1040 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 1041 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 1042 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 1043 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 1044 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 1045 using ifconfig(8) like: 1046 1047 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 1048 1049 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 1050 IPv6-preferred. 1051 1052 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 1053 1054 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 1055 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 1056 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 1057 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 1058 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 1059 106020090922: 1061 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 1062 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 1063 106420090912: 1065 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 1066 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 1067 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 1068 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 1069 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 1070 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 1071 107220090910: 1073 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 1074 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 1075 107620090825: 1077 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 1078 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 1079 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 1080 is 1000. 1081 108220090813: 1083 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 1084 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 1085 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 1086 108720090803: 1088 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1089 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 1090 109120090719: 1092 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 1093 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 1094 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 1095 109620090714: 1097 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 1098 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 1099 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 1100 110120090713: 1102 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 1103 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 1104 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 1105 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 1106 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 1107 110820090712: 1109 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 1110 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 1111 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 1112 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 1113 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1114 111520090630: 1116 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 1117 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 1118 may need to be adjusted. 1119 112020090629: 1121 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 1122 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 1123 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 1124 with routing sockets. 1125 112620090628: 1127 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 1128 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 1129 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 1130 113120090624: 1132 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 1133 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 1134 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1135 800100. 1136 113720090622: 1138 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 1139 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 1140 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 1141 114220090619: 1143 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 1144 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 1145 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 1146 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 1147 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 1148 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 1149 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1150 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1151 1152 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1153 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1154 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1155 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1156 authentication method is used. 1157 115820090616: 1159 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1160 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1161 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1162 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1163 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1164 116520090613: 1166 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1167 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1168 116920090611: 1170 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1171 be rebuilt. 1172 117320090608: 1174 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1175 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1176 117720090602: 1178 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1179 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1180 118120090601: 1182 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1183 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1184 re-compiled. 1185 118620090601: 1187 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1188 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1189 rebuilt. 1190 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1191 119220090530: 1193 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1194 more valid. 1195 119620090530: 1197 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1198 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1199 120020090529: 1201 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1202 rebuilt. 1203 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1204 120520090528: 1206 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1207 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1208 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1209 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1210 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1211 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1212 121320090527: 1214 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1215 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1216 121720090523: 1218 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1219 need to be rebuilt. 1220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1221 122220090523: 1223 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1224 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1225 122620090520: 1227 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1228 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1229 123020090520: 1231 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1232 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1233 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1234 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1235 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1236 123720090430: 1238 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1239 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1240 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1241 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1242 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1243 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1244 124520090429: 1246 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1247 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1248 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1249 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1250 1251 For kernel developers: 1252 1253 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1254 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1255 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1256 1257 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1258 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1259 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1260 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1261 1262 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1263 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1264 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1265 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1266 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1267 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1268 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1269 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1270 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1271 multicast membership on-link. 1272 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1273 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1274 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1275 1276 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1277 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1278 stack. 1279 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1280 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1281 semantics. 1282 1283 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1284 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1285 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1286 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1287 1288 For application developers: 1289 1290 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1291 stack. 1292 1293 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1294 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1295 1296 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1297 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1298 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1299 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1300 1301 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1302 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1303 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1304 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1305 Multicast Source Filters'. 1306 1307 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1308 1309 For systems administrators: 1310 1311 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1312 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1313 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1314 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1315 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1316 1317 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1318 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1319 1320 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1321 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1322 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1323 recommended for optimal system performance. 1324 1325 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1326 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1327 back forwarded datagrams. 1328 1329 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1330 133120090422: 1332 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1333 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1334 133520090419: 1336 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1337 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1338 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1339 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1340 134120090415: 1342 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1343 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1344 state will require a world rebuild. 1345 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1346 134720090415: 1348 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1349 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1350 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1351 135220090414: 1353 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1354 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1355 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1356 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1357 load balancing. 1358 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1359 136020090408: 1361 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1362 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1363 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1364 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1365 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1366 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1367 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1368 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1369 137020090407: 1371 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1372 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1373 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1374 137520090320: 1376 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1377 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1378 introduces some changes: 1379 1380 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1381 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1382 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1383 1384 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1385 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1386 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1387 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1388 1389 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1390 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1391 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1392 the "386BSD" type). 1393 1394 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1395 139620090319: 1397 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1398 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1399 (supported by sane). 1400 140120090319: 1402 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1403 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1404 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1405 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1406 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1407 140820090315: 1409 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1410 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1411 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1412 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1413 used. 1414 141520090313: 1416 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1417 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1418 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1419 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1420 142120090313: 1422 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1423 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1424 142520090309: 1426 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1427 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1428 1429 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1430 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1431 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1432 1433 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1434 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1435 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1436 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1437 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1438 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1439 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1440 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1441 1442 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1443 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1444 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1445 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1446 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1447 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1448 1449 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1450 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1451 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1452 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1453 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1454 1455 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1456 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1457 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1458 via IGMP. 1459 1460 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1461 recompiled to reflect this. 1462 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1463 146420090309: 1465 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1466 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1467 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1468 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1469 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1470 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1471 147220090302: 1473 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1474 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1475 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1476 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1477 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1478 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1479 148020090301: 1481 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1482 network device driver modules. 1483 148420090227: 1485 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1486 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1487 148820090223: 1489 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1490 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1491 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1492 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1493 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1494 apply. 1495 149620090217: 1497 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1498 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1499 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1500 use the new name. 1501 150220090216: 1503 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1504 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1505 add 1506 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1507 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1508 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1509 151020090215: 1511 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1512 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1513 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1514 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1515 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1516 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1517 1518 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1519 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1520 be used for this: 1521 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1522 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1523 152420090209: 1525 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1526 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1527 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1528 152920090203: 1530 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1531 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1532 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1533 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1534 same interface. 1535 153620090201: 1537 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1538 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1539 154020090119: 1541 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1542 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1543 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1544 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1545 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1546 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1547 154820090115: 1549 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1550 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1551 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1552 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1553 155420081225: 1555 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1556 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1557 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1558 in next mpd5.3 release. 1559 156020081219: 1561 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1562 the base system (it was a port). 1563 156420081216: 1565 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1566 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1567 156820081214: 1569 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1570 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1571 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1572 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1573 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1574 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1575 none of the L2 information. 1576 157720081130: 1578 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1579 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1580 1581 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1582 1583 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1584 1585 device ath_hal 1586 1587 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1588 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1589 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1590 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1591 159220081121: 1593 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1594 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1595 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1596 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1597 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1598 packets. 1599 160020081117: 1601 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1602 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1603 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1604 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1605 160620081028: 1607 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1608 160920081009: 1610 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1611 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1612 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1613 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1614 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1615 1616 uhci_load="YES" 1617 ehci_load="YES" 1618 161920081009: 1620 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1621 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1622 sync. 1623 162420081009: 1625 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1626 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1627 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1628 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1629 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1630 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1631 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1632 163320080820: 1634 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1635 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1636 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1637 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1638 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1639 1640 PCI/ISA: 1641 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1642 1643 USB: 1644 ubser, ucycom 1645 1646 Line disciplines: 1647 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1648 1649 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1650 cause compilation to fail. 1651 165220080818: 1653 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1654 165520080801: 1656 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1657 1658 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1659 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1660 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1661 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1662 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1663 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1664 accepting the RSA key. 1665 1666 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1667 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1668 command line. 1669 1670 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1671 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1672 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1673 behavior. 1674 167520080713: 1676 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1677 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1678 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1679 1680 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1681 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1682 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1683 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1684 use the new device names. 1685 1686 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1687 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1688 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1689 at the loader prompt: 1690 1691 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1692 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1693 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1694 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1695 boot -s 1696 169720080609: 1698 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1699 disks instead. 1700 170120080603: 1702 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1703 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1704 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1705 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1706 170720080525: 1708 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1709 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1710 171120080509: 1712 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1713 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1714 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1715 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1716 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1717 171820080420: 1719 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1720 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1721 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1722 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1723 For example, change: 1724 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1725 to 1726 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1727 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1728 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1729 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1730 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1731 1732 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1733 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1734 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1735 173620080408: 1737 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1738 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1739 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1740 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1741 other operation levels. 1742 174320080312: 1744 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1745 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1746 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1747 compatibility with any prior release: 1748 1749 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1750 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1751 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1752 175320080301: 1754 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1755 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1756 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1757 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1758 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1759 nonetheless. 1760 176120080229: 1762 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1763 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1764 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1765 with older hardware easier to do. 1766 176720080220: 1768 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1769 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1770 177120080211: 1772 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1773 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1774 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1775 firewall rules. 1776 177720080208: 1778 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1779 mbuf chains. 1780 178120080126: 1782 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1783 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1784 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1785 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1786 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1787 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1788 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1789 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1790 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1791 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1792 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1793 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1794 179520080123: 1796 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1797 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1798 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1799 180020071128: 1801 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1802 functionality is the default now. 1803 180420071118: 1805 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1806 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1807 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1808 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1809 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1810 1811 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1812 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1813 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1814 181520071024: 1816 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1817 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1818 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1819 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1820 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1821 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1822 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1823 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1824 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1825 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1826 however. 1827 182820071020: 1829 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1830 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1831 used kproc_start().. 1832 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1833 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1834 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1835 183620071010: 1837 RELENG_7 branched. 1838 1839COMMON ITEMS: 1840 1841 General Notes 1842 ------------- 1843 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1844 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1845 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1846 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1847 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1848 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1849 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1850 1851 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1852 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1853 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1854 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1855 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1856 1857 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1858 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1859 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1860 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1861 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1862 1863 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1864 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1865 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1866 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1867 1868 ZFS notes 1869 --------- 1870 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1871 these two steps: 1872 1873 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1874 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1875 1876 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1877 1878 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1879 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1880 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1881 1882 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1883 1884 To build a kernel 1885 ----------------- 1886 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1887 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1888 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1889 1890 make kernel-toolchain 1891 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1892 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1893 1894 To test a kernel once 1895 --------------------- 1896 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1897 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1898 debugging information) run 1899 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1900 nextboot -k testkernel 1901 1902 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1903 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1904 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1905 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1906 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1907 1908 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1909 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1910 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1911 make depend 1912 make 1913 make install 1914 1915 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1916 1917 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1918 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1919 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1920 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1921 1922 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1923 make buildworld 1924 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1925 [1] 1926 <reboot in single user> [3] 1927 mergemaster -p [5] 1928 make installworld 1929 mergemaster -i [4] 1930 make delete-old [6] 1931 <reboot> 1932 1933 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1934 -------------------------------------------------- 1935 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1936 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1937 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1938 # size. 1939 1940 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1941 <boot into -stable> 1942 make buildworld 1943 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1944 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1945 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1946 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1947 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1948 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1949 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1950 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1951 <reboot into current> 1952 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1953 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1954 <reboot> 1955 1956 1957 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1958 ---------------------------------------------- 1959 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1960 make buildworld [9] 1961 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1962 [1] 1963 <reboot in single user> [3] 1964 mergemaster -p [5] 1965 make installworld 1966 mergemaster -i [4] 1967 make delete-old [6] 1968 <reboot> 1969 1970 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1971 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1972 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1973 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1974 the UPDATING entries. 1975 1976 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1977 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1978 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1979 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1980 much fewer pitfalls. 1981 1982 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1983 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1984 system on reboot. 1985 1986 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1987 fsck -p 1988 mount -u / 1989 mount -a 1990 cd src 1991 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1992 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1993 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1994 1995 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1996 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1997 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1998 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1999 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2000 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2001 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2002 2003 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 2004 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2005 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2006 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2007 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2008 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2009 2010 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2011 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2012 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2013 2014 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 2015 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 2016 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 2017 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 2018 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 2019 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 2020 2021 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2022 last time you updated your kernel config file. 2023 2024 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 2025 cvs prune empty directories. 2026 2027 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2028 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2029 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2030 2031 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2032 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2033 warn if it is improperly defined. 2034FORMAT: 2035 2036This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2037breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2038list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 2039If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2040to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2041 2042Copyright information: 2043 2044Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 2045 2046Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2047modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2048document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2049 2050THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2051IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2052WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2053DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2054INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2055(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2056SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2057HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2058STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2059IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2060POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2061 2062Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2063this document. 2064 2065$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 259669 2013-12-20 23:34:10Z jmg $ 2066