UPDATING revision 249960
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130426: 35 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 36 the IDEA patent expired. 37 3820130426: 39 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 40 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 41 enabled by default. 42 4320130425: 44 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 45 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 46 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 47 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 48 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 49 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 50 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 51 && make install). 52 5320130404: 54 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 55 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 56 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 57 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 58 and removed. 59 6020130319: 61 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 62 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 63 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 64 binaries will not work on older kernels. 65 6620130308: 67 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 68 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 69 7020130304: 71 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 72 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 73 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 74 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 75 is requested. 76 77 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 78 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 79 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 80 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 81 in /boot/loader.conf. 82 8320130301: 84 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 85 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 86 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 87 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 88 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 89 9020130208: 91 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 92 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 93 94 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 95 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 96 9720130129: 98 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 99 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 100 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 101 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 102 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 103 10420130118: 105 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 106 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 107 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 108 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 109 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 110 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 111 use is expected to be extremely rare. 112 11320121223: 114 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 115 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 116 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 117 11820121222: 119 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 120 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 121 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 122 be updated. 123 12420121217: 125 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 126 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 127 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 128 129 savecore_flags="" 130 13120121201: 132 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 133 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 134 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 135 13620121117: 137 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 138 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 139 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 140 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 141 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 142 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 143 14420121105: 145 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 146 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 147 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 148 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 149 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 150 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 151 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 152 branch point). 153 15420121102: 155 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 156 functionality now turned on by default. 157 15820121023: 159 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 160 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 161 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 162 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 163 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 164 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 165 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 166 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 167 of the two kernel options. 168 16920121023: 170 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 171 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 172 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 173 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 174 17520121022: 176 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 177 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 178 recompiled. 179 18020121018: 181 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 182 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 183 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 184 18520121016: 186 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 187 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 188 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 189 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 190 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 191 19220121015: 193 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 194 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 195 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 196 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 197 19820121014: 199 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 200 20120121013: 202 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 203 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 204 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 205 knob has also gone. 206 20720121006: 208 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 209 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 210 with new kernel. 211 21220121001: 213 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 214 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 215 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 216 21720120913: 218 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 219 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 220 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 221 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 222 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 223 configurations. 224 22520120908: 226 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 227 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 228 22920120828: 230 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 231 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 232 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 233 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 234 manual page. 235 23620120727: 237 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 238 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 239 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 240 24120120712: 242 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 243 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 244 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 245 24620120712: 247 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 248 with other variables: 249 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 250 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 251 25220120628: 253 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 254 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 255 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 256 installed as "bsdsort". 257 25820120611: 259 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 260 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 261 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 262 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 263 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 264 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 265 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 266 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 267 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 268 26920120417: 270 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 271 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 272 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 273 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 274 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 275 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 276 NAMESPACE section). 277 27820120328: 279 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 280 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 281 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 282 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 283 settings are unchanged. 284 28520120306: 286 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 287 platforms. 288 28920120229: 290 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 291 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 292 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 293 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 294 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 295 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 296 29720120211: 298 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 299 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 300 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 301 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 302 comes from 20111215. 303 30420120114: 305 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 306 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 307 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 308 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 309 310 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 311 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 312 31320120109: 314 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 315 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 316 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 317 tunable/sysctl. 318 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 319 32020111215: 321 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 322 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 323 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 324 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 325 not supported anymore. 326 327 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 328 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 329 need to be recompiled. 330 33120111122: 332 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 333 /dev/wmistat0. 334 33520111108: 336 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 337 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 338 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 339 time. 340 34120111101: 342 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 343 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 344 34520110930: 346 sysinstall has been removed 347 34820110923: 349 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 350 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 351 35220110913: 353 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 354 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 355 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 356 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 357 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 358 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 359 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 360 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 361 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 362 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 363 36420110828: 365 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 366 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 367 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 368 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 369 37020110815: 371 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 372 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 373 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 374 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 375 376 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 377 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 378 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 379 38020110628: 381 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 382 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 383 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 384 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 385 38620110608: 387 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 388 machdep.hlt_cpus 389 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 390 The following sysctl is retired: 391 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 392 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 393 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 394 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 395 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 396 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 397 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 398 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 399 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 400 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 401 a default scheduler. 402 40320110607: 404 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 405 a mask of CPUs. 406 40720110531: 408 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 409 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 410 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 411 world. 412 41320110513: 414 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 415 41620110503: 417 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 418 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 419 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 420 drivers need to be recompiled. 421 422 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 423 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 424 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 425 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 426 branches. 427 42820110430: 429 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 430 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 431 43220110427: 433 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 434 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 435 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 436 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 437 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 438 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 439 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 440 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 441 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 442 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 443 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 444 445 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 446 447 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 448 a diskless root fs use the old client. 449 45020110424: 451 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 452 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 453 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 454 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 455 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 456 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 457 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 458 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 459 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 460 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 461 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 462 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 463 464 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 465 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 466 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 467 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 468 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 469 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 470 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 471 them are parts of the cam module. 472 473 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 474 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 475 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 476 477 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 478 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 479 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 480 options ATA_CAM 481 device ahci 482 device mvs 483 device siis 484 , and instead add back: 485 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 486 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 487 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 488 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 489 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 490 49120110423: 492 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 493 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 494 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 495 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 496 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 497 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 498 49920110418: 500 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 501 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 502 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 503 50420110331: 505 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 506 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 507 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 508 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 509 in order to use ath on everything else. 510 511 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 512 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 513 51420110314: 515 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 516 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 517 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 518 51920110218: 520 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 521 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 522 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 523 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 524 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 525 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 526 52720110218: 528 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 529 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 530 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 531 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 532 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 533 authentication). 534 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 535 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 536 53720110207: 538 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 539 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 540 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 541 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 542 The function remains undocumented. 543 54420110112: 545 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 546 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 547 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 548 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 549 systems where the define is not present can check against 550 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 551 552 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 553 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 554 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 555 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 556 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 557 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 558 55920110103: 560 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 561 the following warning: 562 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 563 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 564 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 565 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 566 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 567 install it on your system. 568 569 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 570 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 571 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 572 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 573 57420101228: 575 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 576 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 577 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 578 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 579 be recompiled. 580 58120101114: 582 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 583 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 584 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 585 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 586 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 587 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 588 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 589 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 590 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 591 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 592 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 593 it, for example via: 594 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 595 596 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 597 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 598 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 599 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 600 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 601 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 602 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 603 604 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 605 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 606 60720101111: 608 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 609 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 610 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 611 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 612 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 613 61420101002: 615 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 616 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 617 migrate local entries to the new format. 618 61920100928: 620 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 621 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 622 upstream sshd. 623 62420100915: 625 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 626 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 627 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 628 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 629 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 630 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 631 63220100913: 633 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 634 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 635 636 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 637 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 638 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 639 default is "AUTO". 640 641 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 642 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 643 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 644 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 645 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 646 647 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 648 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 649 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 650 65120100913: 652 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 653 now i386 and amd64 only. 654 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 655 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 656 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 657 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 658 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 659 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 660 66120100725: 662 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 663 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 664 66520100722: 666 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 667 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 668 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 669 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 670 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 671 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 672 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 673 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 674 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 675 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 676 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 677 67820100713: 679 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 680 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 681 machine powerpc powerpc 682 683 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 684 after this change. 685 68620100713: 687 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 688 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 689 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 690 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 691 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 692 69320100429: 694 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 695 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 696 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 697 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 698 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 699 70020100402: 701 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 702 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 703 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 704 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 705 WITH_CTF=yes"). 706 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 707 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 708 to unwanted behavior. 709 71020100311: 711 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 712 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 713 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 714 be modified accordingly. 715 71620100113: 717 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 718 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 719 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 720 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 721 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 722 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 723 724 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 725 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 726 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 727 use of utmpx. 728 729 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 730 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 731 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 732 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 733 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 734 73520100108: 736 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 737 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 738 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 739 74020091202: 741 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 742 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 743 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 744 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 745 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 746 747 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 748 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 749 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 750 751 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 752 75320091125: 754 8.0-RELEASE. 755 75620091113: 757 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 758 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 759 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 760 operation of applications on the console. 761 762 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 763 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 764 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 765 cons25. 766 767 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 768 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 769 performed by syscons(4). 770 77120091109: 772 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 773 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 774 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 775 776 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 777 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 778 new structure. 779 78020091025: 781 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 782 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 783 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 784 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 785 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 786 iwn5150fw. 787 78820090926: 789 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 790 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 791 792 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 793 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 794 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 795 796 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 797 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 798 799 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 800 they are obsolete. 801 802 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 803 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 804 805 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 806 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 807 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 808 809 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 810 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 811 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 812 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 813 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 814 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 815 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 816 using ifconfig(8) like: 817 818 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 819 820 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 821 IPv6-preferred. 822 823 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 824 825 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 826 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 827 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 828 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 829 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 830 83120090922: 832 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 833 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 834 83520090912: 836 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 837 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 838 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 839 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 840 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 841 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 842 84320090910: 844 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 845 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 846 84720090825: 848 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 849 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 850 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 851 is 1000. 852 85320090813: 854 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 855 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 856 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 857 85820090803: 859 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 860 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 861 86220090719: 863 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 864 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 865 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 866 86720090714: 868 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 869 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 870 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 871 87220090713: 873 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 874 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 875 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 876 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 877 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 878 87920090712: 880 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 881 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 882 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 883 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 884 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 885 88620090630: 887 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 888 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 889 may need to be adjusted. 890 89120090629: 892 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 893 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 894 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 895 with routing sockets. 896 89720090628: 898 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 899 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 900 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 901 90220090624: 903 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 904 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 905 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 906 800100. 907 90820090622: 909 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 910 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 911 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 912 91320090619: 914 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 915 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 916 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 917 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 918 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 919 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 920 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 921 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 922 923 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 924 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 925 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 926 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 927 authentication method is used. 928 92920090616: 930 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 931 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 932 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 933 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 934 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 935 93620090613: 937 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 938 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 939 94020090611: 941 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 942 be rebuilt. 943 94420090608: 945 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 946 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 947 94820090602: 949 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 950 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 951 95220090601: 953 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 954 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 955 re-compiled. 956 95720090601: 958 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 959 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 960 rebuilt. 961 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 962 96320090530: 964 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 965 more valid. 966 96720090530: 968 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 969 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 970 97120090529: 972 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 973 rebuilt. 974 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 975 97620090528: 977 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 978 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 979 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 980 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 981 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 982 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 983 98420090527: 985 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 986 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 987 98820090523: 989 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 990 need to be rebuilt. 991 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 992 99320090523: 994 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 995 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 996 99720090520: 998 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 999 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1000 100120090520: 1002 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1003 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1004 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1005 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1006 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1007 100820090430: 1009 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1010 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1011 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1012 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1013 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1014 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1015 101620090429: 1017 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1018 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1019 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1020 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1021 1022 For kernel developers: 1023 1024 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1025 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1026 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1027 1028 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1029 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1030 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1031 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1032 1033 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1034 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1035 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1036 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1037 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1038 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1039 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1040 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1041 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1042 multicast membership on-link. 1043 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1044 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1045 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1046 1047 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1048 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1049 stack. 1050 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1051 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1052 semantics. 1053 1054 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1055 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1056 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1057 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1058 1059 For application developers: 1060 1061 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1062 stack. 1063 1064 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1065 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1066 1067 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1068 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1069 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1070 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1071 1072 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1073 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1074 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1075 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1076 Multicast Source Filters'. 1077 1078 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1079 1080 For systems administrators: 1081 1082 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1083 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1084 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1085 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1086 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1087 1088 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1089 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1090 1091 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1092 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1093 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1094 recommended for optimal system performance. 1095 1096 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1097 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1098 back forwarded datagrams. 1099 1100 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1101 110220090422: 1103 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1104 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1105 110620090419: 1107 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1108 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1109 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1110 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1111 111220090415: 1113 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1114 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1115 state will require a world rebuild. 1116 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1117 111820090415: 1119 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1120 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1121 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1122 112320090414: 1124 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1125 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1126 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1127 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1128 load balancing. 1129 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1130 113120090408: 1132 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1133 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1134 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1135 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1136 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1137 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1138 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1139 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1140 114120090407: 1142 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1143 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1144 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1145 114620090320: 1147 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1148 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1149 introduces some changes: 1150 1151 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1152 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1153 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1154 1155 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1156 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1157 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1158 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1159 1160 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1161 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1162 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1163 the "386BSD" type). 1164 1165 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1166 116720090319: 1168 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1169 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1170 (supported by sane). 1171 117220090319: 1173 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1174 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1175 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1176 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1177 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1178 117920090315: 1180 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1181 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1182 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1183 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1184 used. 1185 118620090313: 1187 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1188 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1189 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1190 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1191 119220090313: 1193 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1194 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1195 119620090309: 1197 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1198 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1199 1200 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1201 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1202 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1203 1204 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1205 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1206 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1207 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1208 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1209 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1210 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1211 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1212 1213 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1214 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1215 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1216 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1217 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1218 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1219 1220 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1221 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1222 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1223 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1224 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1225 1226 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1227 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1228 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1229 via IGMP. 1230 1231 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1232 recompiled to reflect this. 1233 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1234 123520090309: 1236 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1237 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1238 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1239 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1240 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1241 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1242 124320090302: 1244 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1245 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1246 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1247 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1248 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1249 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1250 125120090301: 1252 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1253 network device driver modules. 1254 125520090227: 1256 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1257 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1258 125920090223: 1260 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1261 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1262 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1263 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1264 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1265 apply. 1266 126720090217: 1268 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1269 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1270 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1271 use the new name. 1272 127320090216: 1274 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1275 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1276 add 1277 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1278 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1279 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1280 128120090215: 1282 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1283 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1284 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1285 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1286 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1287 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1288 1289 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1290 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1291 be used for this: 1292 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1293 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1294 129520090209: 1296 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1297 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1298 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1299 130020090203: 1301 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1302 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1303 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1304 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1305 same interface. 1306 130720090201: 1308 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1309 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1310 131120090119: 1312 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1313 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1314 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1315 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1316 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1317 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1318 131920090115: 1320 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1321 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1322 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1323 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1324 132520081225: 1326 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1327 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1328 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1329 in next mpd5.3 release. 1330 133120081219: 1332 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1333 the base system (it was a port). 1334 133520081216: 1336 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1337 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1338 133920081214: 1340 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1341 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1342 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1343 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1344 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1345 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1346 none of the L2 information. 1347 134820081130: 1349 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1350 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1351 1352 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1353 1354 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1355 1356 device ath_hal 1357 1358 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1359 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1360 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1361 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1362 136320081121: 1364 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1365 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1366 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1367 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1368 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1369 packets. 1370 137120081117: 1372 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1373 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1374 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1375 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1376 137720081028: 1378 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1379 138020081009: 1381 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1382 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1383 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1384 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1385 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1386 1387 uhci_load="YES" 1388 ehci_load="YES" 1389 139020081009: 1391 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1392 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1393 sync. 1394 139520081009: 1396 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1397 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1398 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1399 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1400 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1401 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1402 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1403 140420080820: 1405 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1406 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1407 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1408 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1409 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1410 1411 PCI/ISA: 1412 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1413 1414 USB: 1415 ubser, ucycom 1416 1417 Line disciplines: 1418 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1419 1420 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1421 cause compilation to fail. 1422 142320080818: 1424 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1425 142620080801: 1427 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1428 1429 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1430 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1431 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1432 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1433 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1434 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1435 accepting the RSA key. 1436 1437 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1438 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1439 command line. 1440 1441 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1442 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1443 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1444 behavior. 1445 144620080713: 1447 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1448 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1449 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1450 1451 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1452 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1453 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1454 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1455 use the new device names. 1456 1457 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1458 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1459 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1460 at the loader prompt: 1461 1462 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1463 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1464 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1465 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1466 boot -s 1467 146820080609: 1469 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1470 disks instead. 1471 147220080603: 1473 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1474 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1475 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1476 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1477 147820080525: 1479 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1480 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1481 148220080509: 1483 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1484 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1485 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1486 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1487 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1488 148920080420: 1490 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1491 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1492 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1493 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1494 For example, change: 1495 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1496 to 1497 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1498 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1499 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1500 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1501 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1502 1503 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1504 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1505 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1506 150720080408: 1508 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1509 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1510 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1511 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1512 other operation levels. 1513 151420080312: 1515 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1516 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1517 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1518 compatibility with any prior release: 1519 1520 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1521 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1522 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1523 152420080301: 1525 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1526 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1527 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1528 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1529 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1530 nonetheless. 1531 153220080229: 1533 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1534 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1535 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1536 with older hardware easier to do. 1537 153820080220: 1539 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1540 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1541 154220080211: 1543 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1544 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1545 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1546 firewall rules. 1547 154820080208: 1549 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1550 mbuf chains. 1551 155220080126: 1553 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1554 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1555 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1556 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1557 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1558 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1559 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1560 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1561 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1562 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1563 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1564 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1565 156620080123: 1567 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1568 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1569 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1570 157120071128: 1572 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1573 functionality is the default now. 1574 157520071118: 1576 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1577 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1578 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1579 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1580 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1581 1582 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1583 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1584 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1585 158620071024: 1587 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1588 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1589 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1590 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1591 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1592 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1593 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1594 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1595 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1596 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1597 however. 1598 159920071020: 1600 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1601 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1602 used kproc_start().. 1603 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1604 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1605 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1606 160720071010: 1608 RELENG_7 branched. 1609 1610COMMON ITEMS: 1611 1612 General Notes 1613 ------------- 1614 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1615 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1616 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1617 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1618 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1619 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1620 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1621 1622 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1623 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1624 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1625 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1626 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1627 1628 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1629 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1630 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1631 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1632 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1633 1634 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1635 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1636 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1637 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1638 1639 ZFS notes 1640 --------- 1641 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1642 these two steps: 1643 1644 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1645 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1646 1647 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1648 1649 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1650 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1651 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1652 1653 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1654 1655 To build a kernel 1656 ----------------- 1657 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1658 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1659 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1660 1661 make kernel-toolchain 1662 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1663 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1664 1665 To test a kernel once 1666 --------------------- 1667 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1668 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1669 debugging information) run 1670 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1671 nextboot -k testkernel 1672 1673 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1674 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1675 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1676 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1677 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1678 1679 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1680 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1681 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1682 make depend 1683 make 1684 make install 1685 1686 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1687 1688 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1689 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1690 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1691 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1692 1693 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1694 make buildworld 1695 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1696 [1] 1697 <reboot in single user> [3] 1698 mergemaster -p [5] 1699 make installworld 1700 mergemaster -i [4] 1701 make delete-old [6] 1702 <reboot> 1703 1704 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1705 -------------------------------------------------- 1706 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1707 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1708 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1709 # size. 1710 1711 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1712 <boot into -stable> 1713 make buildworld 1714 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1715 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1716 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1717 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1718 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1719 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1720 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1721 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1722 <reboot into current> 1723 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1724 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1725 <reboot> 1726 1727 1728 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1729 ---------------------------------------------- 1730 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1731 make buildworld [9] 1732 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1733 [1] 1734 <reboot in single user> [3] 1735 mergemaster -p [5] 1736 make installworld 1737 mergemaster -i [4] 1738 make delete-old [6] 1739 <reboot> 1740 1741 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1742 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1743 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1744 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1745 the UPDATING entries. 1746 1747 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1748 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1749 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1750 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1751 much fewer pitfalls. 1752 1753 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1754 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1755 system on reboot. 1756 1757 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1758 fsck -p 1759 mount -u / 1760 mount -a 1761 cd src 1762 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1763 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1764 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1765 1766 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1767 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1768 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1769 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1770 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1771 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1772 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1773 1774 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1775 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1776 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1777 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1778 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1779 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1780 1781 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1782 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1783 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1784 1785 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1786 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1787 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1788 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1789 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1790 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1791 1792 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1793 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1794 1795 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1796 cvs prune empty directories. 1797 1798 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1799 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1800 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1801 1802 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1803 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1804 warn if it is improperly defined. 1805FORMAT: 1806 1807This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1808breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1809list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1810If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1811to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1812 1813Copyright information: 1814 1815Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1816 1817Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1818modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1819document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1820 1821THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1822IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1823WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1824DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1825INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1826(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1827SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1828HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1829STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1830IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1831POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1832 1833Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1834this document. 1835 1836$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 249960 2013-04-27 00:03:07Z eadler $ 1837