UPDATING revision 239774
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720120828: 28 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 29 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 30 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 31 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 32 manual page. 33 3420120727: 35 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 36 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 37 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 38 3920120712: 40 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 41 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 42 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 43 4420120712: 45 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 46 with other variables: 47 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 48 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 49 5020120628: 51 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 52 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 53 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 54 installed as "bsdsort". 55 5620120611: 57 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 58 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 59 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 60 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 61 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 62 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 63 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 64 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 65 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 66 6720120417: 68 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 69 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 70 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 71 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 72 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 73 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 74 NAMESPACE section). 75 7620120328: 77 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 78 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 79 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 80 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 81 settings are unchanged. 82 8320120306: 84 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 85 platforms. 86 8720120229: 88 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 89 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 90 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 91 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 92 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 93 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 94 9520120211: 96 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 97 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 98 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 99 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 100 comes from 20111215. 101 10220120114: 103 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 104 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 105 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 106 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 107 108 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 109 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 110 11120120109: 112 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 113 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 114 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 115 tunable/sysctl. 116 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 117 11820111215: 119 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 120 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 121 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 122 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 123 not supported anymore. 124 125 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 126 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 127 need to be recompiled. 128 12920111122: 130 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 131 /dev/wmistat0. 132 13320111108: 134 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 135 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 136 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 137 time. 138 13920111101: 140 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 141 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 142 14320110930: 144 sysinstall has been removed 145 14620110923: 147 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 148 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 149 15020110913: 151 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 152 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 153 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 154 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 155 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 156 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 157 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 158 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 159 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 160 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 161 16220110828: 163 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 164 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 165 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 166 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 167 16820110815: 169 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 170 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 171 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 172 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 173 174 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 175 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 176 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 177 17820110628: 179 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 180 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 181 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 182 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 183 18420110608: 185 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 186 machdep.hlt_cpus 187 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 188 The following sysctl is retired: 189 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 190 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 191 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 192 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 193 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 194 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 195 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 196 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 197 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 198 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 199 a default scheduler. 200 20120110607: 202 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 203 a mask of CPUs. 204 20520110531: 206 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 207 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 208 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 209 world. 210 21120110513: 212 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 213 21420110503: 215 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 216 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 217 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 218 drivers need to be recompiled. 219 220 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 221 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 222 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 223 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 224 branches. 225 22620110430: 227 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 228 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 229 23020110427: 231 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 232 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 233 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 234 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 235 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 236 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 237 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 238 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 239 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 240 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 241 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 242 243 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 244 245 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 246 a diskless root fs use the old client. 247 24820110424: 249 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 250 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 251 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 252 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 253 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 254 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 255 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 256 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 257 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 258 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 259 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 260 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 261 262 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 263 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 264 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 265 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 266 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 267 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 268 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 269 them are parts of the cam module. 270 271 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 272 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 273 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 274 275 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 276 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 277 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 278 options ATA_CAM 279 device ahci 280 device mvs 281 device siis 282 , and instead add back: 283 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 284 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 285 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 286 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 287 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 288 28920110423: 290 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 291 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 292 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 293 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 294 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 295 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 296 29720110418: 298 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 299 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 300 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 301 30220110331: 303 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 304 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 305 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 306 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 307 in order to use ath on everything else. 308 309 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 310 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 311 31220110314: 313 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 314 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 315 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 316 31720110218: 318 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 319 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 320 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 321 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 322 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 323 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 324 32520110218: 326 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 327 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 328 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 329 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 330 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 331 authentication). 332 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 333 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 334 33520110207: 336 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 337 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 338 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 339 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 340 The function remains undocumented. 341 34220110112: 343 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 344 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 345 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 346 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 347 systems where the define is not present can check against 348 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 349 350 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 351 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 352 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 353 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 354 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 355 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 356 35720110103: 358 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 359 the following warning: 360 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 361 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 362 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 363 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 364 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 365 install it on your system. 366 367 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 368 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 369 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 370 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 371 37220101228: 373 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 374 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 375 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 376 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 377 be recompiled. 378 37920101114: 380 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 381 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 382 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 383 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 384 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 385 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 386 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 387 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 388 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 389 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 390 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 391 it, for example via: 392 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 393 394 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 395 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 396 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 397 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 398 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 399 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 400 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 401 402 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 403 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 404 40520101111: 406 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 407 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 408 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 409 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 410 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 411 41220101002: 413 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 414 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 415 migrate local entries to the new format. 416 41720100928: 418 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 419 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 420 upstream sshd. 421 42220100915: 423 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 424 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 425 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 426 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 427 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 428 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 429 43020100913: 431 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 432 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 433 434 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 435 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 436 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 437 default is "AUTO". 438 439 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 440 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 441 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 442 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 443 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 444 445 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 446 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 447 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 448 44920100913: 450 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 451 now i386 and amd64 only. 452 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 453 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 454 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 455 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 456 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 457 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 458 45920100725: 460 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 461 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 462 46320100722: 464 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 465 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 466 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 467 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 468 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 469 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 470 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 471 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 472 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 473 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 474 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 475 47620100713: 477 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 478 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 479 machine powerpc powerpc 480 481 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 482 after this change. 483 48420100713: 485 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 486 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 487 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 488 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 489 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 490 49120100429: 492 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 493 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 494 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 495 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 496 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 497 49820100402: 499 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 500 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 501 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 502 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 503 WITH_CTF=yes"). 504 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 505 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 506 to unwanted behavior. 507 50820100311: 509 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 510 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 511 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 512 be modified accordingly. 513 51420100113: 515 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 516 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 517 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 518 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 519 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 520 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 521 522 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 523 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 524 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 525 use of utmpx. 526 527 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 528 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 529 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 530 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 531 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 532 53320100108: 534 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 535 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 536 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 537 53820091202: 539 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 540 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 541 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 542 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 543 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 544 545 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 546 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 547 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 548 549 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 550 55120091125: 552 8.0-RELEASE. 553 55420091113: 555 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 556 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 557 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 558 operation of applications on the console. 559 560 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 561 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 562 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 563 cons25. 564 565 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 566 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 567 performed by syscons(4). 568 56920091109: 570 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 571 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 572 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 573 574 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 575 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 576 new structure. 577 57820091025: 579 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 580 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 581 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 582 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 583 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 584 iwn5150fw. 585 58620090926: 587 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 588 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 589 590 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 591 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 592 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 593 594 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 595 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 596 597 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 598 they are obsolete. 599 600 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 601 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 602 603 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 604 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 605 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 606 607 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 608 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 609 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 610 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 611 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 612 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 613 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 614 using ifconfig(8) like: 615 616 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 617 618 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 619 IPv6-preferred. 620 621 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 622 623 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 624 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 625 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 626 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 627 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 628 62920090922: 630 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 631 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 632 63320090912: 634 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 635 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 636 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 637 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 638 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 639 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 640 64120090910: 642 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 643 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 644 64520090825: 646 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 647 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 648 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 649 is 1000. 650 65120090813: 652 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 653 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 654 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 655 65620090803: 657 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 658 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 659 66020090719: 661 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 662 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 663 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 664 66520090714: 666 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 667 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 668 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 669 67020090713: 671 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 672 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 673 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 674 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 675 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 676 67720090712: 678 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 679 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 680 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 681 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 682 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 683 68420090630: 685 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 686 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 687 may need to be adjusted. 688 68920090629: 690 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 691 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 692 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 693 with routing sockets. 694 69520090628: 696 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 697 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 698 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 699 70020090624: 701 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 702 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 703 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 704 800100. 705 70620090622: 707 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 708 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 709 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 710 71120090619: 712 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 713 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 714 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 715 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 716 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 717 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 718 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 719 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 720 721 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 722 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 723 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 724 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 725 authentication method is used. 726 72720090616: 728 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 729 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 730 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 731 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 732 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 733 73420090613: 735 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 736 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 737 73820090611: 739 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 740 be rebuilt. 741 74220090608: 743 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 744 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 745 74620090602: 747 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 748 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 749 75020090601: 751 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 752 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 753 re-compiled. 754 75520090601: 756 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 757 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 758 rebuilt. 759 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 760 76120090530: 762 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 763 more valid. 764 76520090530: 766 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 767 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 768 76920090529: 770 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 771 rebuilt. 772 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 773 77420090528: 775 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 776 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 777 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 778 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 779 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 780 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 781 78220090527: 783 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 784 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 785 78620090523: 787 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 788 need to be rebuilt. 789 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 790 79120090523: 792 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 793 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 794 79520090520: 796 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 797 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 798 79920090520: 800 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 801 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 802 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 803 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 804 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 805 80620090430: 807 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 808 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 809 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 810 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 811 correctly checking networking state from userland. 812 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 813 81420090429: 815 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 816 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 817 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 818 follows the IPv4 implementation. 819 820 For kernel developers: 821 822 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 823 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 824 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 825 826 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 827 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 828 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 829 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 830 831 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 832 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 833 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 834 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 835 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 836 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 837 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 838 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 839 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 840 multicast membership on-link. 841 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 842 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 843 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 844 845 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 846 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 847 stack. 848 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 849 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 850 semantics. 851 852 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 853 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 854 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 855 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 856 857 For application developers: 858 859 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 860 stack. 861 862 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 863 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 864 865 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 866 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 867 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 868 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 869 870 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 871 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 872 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 873 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 874 Multicast Source Filters'. 875 876 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 877 878 For systems administrators: 879 880 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 881 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 882 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 883 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 884 returned by getifaddrs(3). 885 886 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 887 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 888 889 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 890 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 891 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 892 recommended for optimal system performance. 893 894 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 895 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 896 back forwarded datagrams. 897 898 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 899 90020090422: 901 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 902 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 903 90420090419: 905 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 906 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 907 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 908 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 909 91020090415: 911 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 912 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 913 state will require a world rebuild. 914 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 915 91620090415: 917 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 918 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 919 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 920 92120090414: 922 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 923 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 924 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 925 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 926 load balancing. 927 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 928 92920090408: 930 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 931 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 932 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 933 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 934 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 935 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 936 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 937 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 938 93920090407: 940 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 941 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 942 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 943 94420090320: 945 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 946 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 947 introduces some changes: 948 949 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 950 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 951 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 952 953 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 954 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 955 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 956 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 957 958 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 959 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 960 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 961 the "386BSD" type). 962 963 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 964 96520090319: 966 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 967 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 968 (supported by sane). 969 97020090319: 971 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 972 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 973 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 974 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 975 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 976 97720090315: 978 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 979 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 980 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 981 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 982 used. 983 98420090313: 985 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 986 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 987 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 988 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 989 99020090313: 991 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 992 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 993 99420090309: 995 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 996 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 997 998 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 999 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1000 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1001 1002 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1003 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1004 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1005 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1006 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1007 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1008 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1009 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1010 1011 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1012 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1013 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1014 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1015 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1016 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1017 1018 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1019 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1020 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1021 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1022 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1023 1024 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1025 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1026 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1027 via IGMP. 1028 1029 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1030 recompiled to reflect this. 1031 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1032 103320090309: 1034 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1035 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1036 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1037 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1038 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1039 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1040 104120090302: 1042 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1043 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1044 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1045 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1046 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1047 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1048 104920090301: 1050 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1051 network device driver modules. 1052 105320090227: 1054 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1055 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1056 105720090223: 1058 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1059 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1060 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1061 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1062 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1063 apply. 1064 106520090217: 1066 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1067 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1068 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1069 use the new name. 1070 107120090216: 1072 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1073 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1074 add 1075 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1076 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1077 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1078 107920090215: 1080 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1081 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1082 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1083 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1084 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1085 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1086 1087 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1088 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1089 be used for this: 1090 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1091 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1092 109320090209: 1094 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1095 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1096 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1097 109820090203: 1099 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1100 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1101 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1102 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1103 same interface. 1104 110520090201: 1106 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1107 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1108 110920090119: 1110 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1111 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1112 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1113 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1114 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1115 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1116 111720090115: 1118 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1119 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1120 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1121 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1122 112320081225: 1124 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1125 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1126 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1127 in next mpd5.3 release. 1128 112920081219: 1130 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1131 the base system (it was a port). 1132 113320081216: 1134 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1135 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1136 113720081214: 1138 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1139 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1140 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1141 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1142 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1143 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1144 none of the L2 information. 1145 114620081130: 1147 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1148 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1149 1150 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1151 1152 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1153 1154 device ath_hal 1155 1156 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1157 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1158 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1159 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1160 116120081121: 1162 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1163 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1164 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1165 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1166 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1167 packets. 1168 116920081117: 1170 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1171 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1172 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1173 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1174 117520081028: 1176 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1177 117820081009: 1179 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1180 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1181 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1182 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1183 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1184 1185 uhci_load="YES" 1186 ehci_load="YES" 1187 118820081009: 1189 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1190 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1191 sync. 1192 119320081009: 1194 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1195 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1196 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1197 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1198 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1199 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1200 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1201 120220080820: 1203 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1204 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1205 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1206 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1207 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1208 1209 PCI/ISA: 1210 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1211 1212 USB: 1213 ubser, ucycom 1214 1215 Line disciplines: 1216 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1217 1218 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1219 cause compilation to fail. 1220 122120080818: 1222 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1223 122420080801: 1225 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1226 1227 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1228 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1229 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1230 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1231 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1232 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1233 accepting the RSA key. 1234 1235 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1236 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1237 command line. 1238 1239 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1240 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1241 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1242 behavior. 1243 124420080713: 1245 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1246 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1247 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1248 1249 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1250 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1251 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1252 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1253 use the new device names. 1254 1255 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1256 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1257 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1258 at the loader prompt: 1259 1260 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1261 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1262 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1263 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1264 boot -s 1265 126620080609: 1267 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1268 disks instead. 1269 127020080603: 1271 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1272 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1273 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1274 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1275 127620080525: 1277 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1278 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1279 128020080509: 1281 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1282 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1283 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1284 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1285 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1286 128720080420: 1288 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1289 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1290 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1291 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1292 For example, change: 1293 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1294 to 1295 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1296 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1297 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1298 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1299 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1300 1301 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1302 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1303 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1304 130520080408: 1306 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1307 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1308 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1309 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1310 other operation levels. 1311 131220080312: 1313 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1314 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1315 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1316 compatibility with any prior release: 1317 1318 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1319 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1320 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1321 132220080301: 1323 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1324 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1325 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1326 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1327 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1328 nonetheless. 1329 133020080229: 1331 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1332 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1333 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1334 with older hardware easier to do. 1335 133620080220: 1337 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1338 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1339 134020080211: 1341 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1342 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1343 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1344 firewall rules. 1345 134620080208: 1347 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1348 mbuf chains. 1349 135020080126: 1351 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1352 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1353 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1354 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1355 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1356 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1357 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1358 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1359 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1360 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1361 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1362 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1363 136420080123: 1365 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1366 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1367 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1368 136920071128: 1370 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1371 functionality is the default now. 1372 137320071118: 1374 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1375 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1376 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1377 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1378 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1379 1380 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1381 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1382 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1383 138420071024: 1385 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1386 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1387 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1388 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1389 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1390 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1391 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1392 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1393 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1394 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1395 however. 1396 139720071020: 1398 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1399 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1400 used kproc_start().. 1401 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1402 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1403 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1404 140520071010: 1406 RELENG_7 branched. 1407 1408COMMON ITEMS: 1409 1410 General Notes 1411 ------------- 1412 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1413 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1414 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1415 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1416 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1417 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1418 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1419 1420 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1421 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1422 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1423 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1424 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1425 1426 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1427 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1428 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1429 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1430 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1431 1432 ZFS notes 1433 --------- 1434 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1435 these two steps: 1436 1437 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1438 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1439 1440 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1441 1442 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1443 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1444 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1445 1446 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1447 1448 To build a kernel 1449 ----------------- 1450 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1451 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1452 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1453 1454 make kernel-toolchain 1455 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1456 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1457 1458 To test a kernel once 1459 --------------------- 1460 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1461 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1462 debugging information) run 1463 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1464 nextboot -k testkernel 1465 1466 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1467 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1468 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1469 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1470 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1471 1472 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1473 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1474 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1475 make depend 1476 make 1477 make install 1478 1479 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1480 1481 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1482 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1483 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1484 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1485 1486 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1487 make buildworld 1488 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1489 [1] 1490 <reboot in single user> [3] 1491 mergemaster -p [5] 1492 make installworld 1493 mergemaster -i [4] 1494 make delete-old [6] 1495 <reboot> 1496 1497 1498 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1499 -------------------------------------------------- 1500 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1501 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1502 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1503 # size. 1504 1505 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1506 <boot into -stable> 1507 make buildworld 1508 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1509 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1510 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1511 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1512 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1513 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1514 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1515 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1516 <reboot into current> 1517 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1518 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1519 <reboot> 1520 1521 1522 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1523 ---------------------------------------------- 1524 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1525 make buildworld [9] 1526 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1527 [1] 1528 <reboot in single user> [3] 1529 mergemaster -p [5] 1530 make installworld 1531 mergemaster -i [4] 1532 make delete-old [6] 1533 <reboot> 1534 1535 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1536 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1537 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1538 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1539 the UPDATING entries. 1540 1541 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1542 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1543 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1544 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1545 much fewer pitfalls. 1546 1547 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1548 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1549 system on reboot. 1550 1551 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1552 fsck -p 1553 mount -u / 1554 mount -a 1555 cd src 1556 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1557 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1558 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1559 1560 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1561 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1562 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1563 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1564 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1565 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1566 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1567 1568 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1569 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1570 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1571 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1572 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1573 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1574 1575 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1576 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1577 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1578 1579 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1580 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1581 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1582 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1583 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1584 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1585 1586 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1587 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1588 1589 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1590 cvs prune empty directories. 1591 1592 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1593 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1594 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1595 1596 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1597 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1598 warn if it is improperly defined. 1599FORMAT: 1600 1601This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1602breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1603list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1604If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1605to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1606 1607Copyright information: 1608 1609Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1610 1611Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1612modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1613document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1614 1615THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1616IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1617WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1618DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1619INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1620(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1621SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1622HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1623STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1624IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1625POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1626 1627Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1628this document. 1629 1630$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 239774 2012-08-28 12:25:37Z mm $ 1631