UPDATING revision 234395
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520120417: 26 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 27 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 28 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 29 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 30 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 31 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 32 NAMESPACE section). 33 3420120328: 35 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 36 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 37 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 38 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 39 settings are unchanged. 40 4120120306: 42 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 43 platforms. 44 4520120229: 46 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 47 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 48 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 49 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 50 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 51 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 52 5320120211: 54 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 55 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 56 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 57 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 58 comes from 20111215. 59 6020120114: 61 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 62 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 63 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 64 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 65 66 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 67 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 68 6920120109: 70 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 71 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 72 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 73 tunable/sysctl. 74 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 75 7620111215: 77 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 78 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 79 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 80 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 81 not supported anymore. 82 83 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 84 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 85 need to be recompiled. 86 8720111122: 88 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 89 /dev/wmistat0. 90 9120111108: 92 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 93 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 94 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 95 time. 96 9720111101: 98 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 99 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 100 10120110930: 102 sysinstall has been removed 103 10420110923: 105 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 106 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 107 10820110913: 109 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 110 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 111 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 112 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 113 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 114 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 115 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 116 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 117 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 118 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 119 12020110828: 121 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 122 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 123 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 124 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 125 12620110815: 127 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 128 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 129 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 130 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 131 132 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 133 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 134 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 135 13620110628: 137 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 138 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 139 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 140 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 141 14220110608: 143 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 144 machdep.hlt_cpus 145 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 146 The following sysctl is retired: 147 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 148 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 149 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 150 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 151 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 152 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 153 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 154 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 155 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 156 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 157 a default scheduler. 158 15920110607: 160 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 161 a mask of CPUs. 162 16320110531: 164 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 165 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 166 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 167 world. 168 16920110513: 170 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 171 17220110503: 173 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 174 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 175 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 176 drivers need to be recompiled. 177 178 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 179 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 180 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 181 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 182 branches. 183 18420110430: 185 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 186 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 187 18820110427: 189 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 190 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 191 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 192 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 193 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 194 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 195 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 196 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 197 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 198 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 199 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 200 201 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 202 203 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 204 a diskless root fs use the old client. 205 20620110424: 207 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 208 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 209 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 210 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 211 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 212 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 213 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 214 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 215 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 216 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 217 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 218 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 219 220 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 221 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 222 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 223 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 224 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 225 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 226 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 227 them are parts of the cam module. 228 229 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 230 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 231 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 232 233 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 234 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 235 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 236 options ATA_CAM 237 device ahci 238 device mvs 239 device siis 240 , and instead add back: 241 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 242 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 243 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 244 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 245 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 246 24720110423: 248 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 249 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 250 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 251 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 252 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 253 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 254 25520110418: 256 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 257 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 258 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 259 26020110331: 261 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 262 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 263 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 264 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 265 in order to use ath on everything else. 266 267 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 268 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 269 27020110314: 271 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 272 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 273 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 274 27520110218: 276 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 277 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 278 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 279 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 280 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 281 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 282 28320110218: 284 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 285 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 286 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 287 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 288 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 289 authentication). 290 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 291 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 292 29320110207: 294 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 295 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 296 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 297 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 298 The function remains undocumented. 299 30020110112: 301 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 302 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 303 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 304 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 305 systems where the define is not present can check against 306 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 307 308 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 309 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 310 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 311 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 312 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 313 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 314 31520110103: 316 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 317 the following warning: 318 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 319 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 320 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 321 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 322 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 323 install it on your system. 324 325 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 326 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 327 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 328 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 329 33020101228: 331 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 332 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 333 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 334 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 335 be recompiled. 336 33720101114: 338 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 339 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 340 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 341 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 342 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 343 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 344 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 345 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 346 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 347 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 348 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 349 it, for example via: 350 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 351 352 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 353 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 354 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 355 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 356 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 357 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 358 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 359 360 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 361 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 362 36320101111: 364 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 365 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 366 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 367 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 368 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 369 37020101002: 371 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 372 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 373 migrate local entries to the new format. 374 37520100928: 376 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 377 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 378 upstream sshd. 379 38020100915: 381 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 382 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 383 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 384 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 385 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 386 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 387 38820100913: 389 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 390 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 391 392 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 393 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 394 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 395 default is "AUTO". 396 397 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 398 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 399 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 400 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 401 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 402 403 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 404 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 405 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 406 40720100913: 408 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 409 now i386 and amd64 only. 410 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 411 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 412 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 413 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 414 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 415 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 416 41720100725: 418 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 419 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 420 42120100722: 422 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 423 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 424 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 425 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 426 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 427 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 428 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 429 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 430 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 431 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 432 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 433 43420100713: 435 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 436 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 437 machine powerpc powerpc 438 439 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 440 after this change. 441 44220100713: 443 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 444 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 445 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 446 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 447 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 448 44920100429: 450 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 451 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 452 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 453 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 454 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 455 45620100402: 457 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 458 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 459 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 460 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 461 WITH_CTF=yes"). 462 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 463 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 464 to unwanted behavior. 465 46620100311: 467 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 468 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 469 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 470 be modified accordingly. 471 47220100113: 473 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 474 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 475 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 476 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 477 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 478 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 479 480 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 481 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 482 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 483 use of utmpx. 484 485 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 486 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 487 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 488 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 489 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 490 49120100108: 492 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 493 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 494 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 495 49620091202: 497 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 498 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 499 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 500 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 501 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 502 503 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 504 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 505 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 506 507 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 508 50920091125: 510 8.0-RELEASE. 511 51220091113: 513 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 514 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 515 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 516 operation of applications on the console. 517 518 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 519 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 520 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 521 cons25. 522 523 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 524 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 525 performed by syscons(4). 526 52720091109: 528 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 529 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 530 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 531 532 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 533 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 534 new structure. 535 53620091025: 537 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 538 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 539 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 540 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 541 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 542 iwn5150fw. 543 54420090926: 545 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 546 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 547 548 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 549 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 550 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 551 552 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 553 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 554 555 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 556 they are obsolete. 557 558 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 559 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 560 561 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 562 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 563 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 564 565 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 566 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 567 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 568 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 569 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 570 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 571 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 572 using ifconfig(8) like: 573 574 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 575 576 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 577 IPv6-preferred. 578 579 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 580 581 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 582 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 583 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 584 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 585 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 586 58720090922: 588 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 589 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 590 59120090912: 592 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 593 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 594 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 595 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 596 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 597 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 598 59920090910: 600 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 601 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 602 60320090825: 604 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 605 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 606 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 607 is 1000. 608 60920090813: 610 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 611 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 612 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 613 61420090803: 615 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 616 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 617 61820090719: 619 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 620 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 621 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 622 62320090714: 624 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 625 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 626 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 627 62820090713: 629 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 630 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 631 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 632 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 633 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 634 63520090712: 636 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 637 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 638 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 639 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 640 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 641 64220090630: 643 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 644 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 645 may need to be adjusted. 646 64720090629: 648 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 649 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 650 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 651 with routing sockets. 652 65320090628: 654 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 655 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 656 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 657 65820090624: 659 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 660 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 661 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 662 800100. 663 66420090622: 665 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 666 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 667 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 668 66920090619: 670 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 671 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 672 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 673 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 674 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 675 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 676 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 677 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 678 679 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 680 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 681 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 682 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 683 authentication method is used. 684 68520090616: 686 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 687 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 688 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 689 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 690 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 691 69220090613: 693 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 694 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 695 69620090611: 697 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 698 be rebuilt. 699 70020090608: 701 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 702 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 703 70420090602: 705 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 706 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 707 70820090601: 709 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 710 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 711 re-compiled. 712 71320090601: 714 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 715 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 716 rebuilt. 717 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 718 71920090530: 720 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 721 more valid. 722 72320090530: 724 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 725 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 726 72720090529: 728 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 729 rebuilt. 730 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 731 73220090528: 733 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 734 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 735 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 736 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 737 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 738 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 739 74020090527: 741 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 742 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 743 74420090523: 745 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 746 need to be rebuilt. 747 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 748 74920090523: 750 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 751 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 752 75320090520: 754 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 755 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 756 75720090520: 758 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 759 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 760 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 761 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 762 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 763 76420090430: 765 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 766 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 767 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 768 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 769 correctly checking networking state from userland. 770 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 771 77220090429: 773 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 774 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 775 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 776 follows the IPv4 implementation. 777 778 For kernel developers: 779 780 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 781 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 782 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 783 784 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 785 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 786 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 787 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 788 789 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 790 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 791 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 792 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 793 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 794 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 795 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 796 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 797 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 798 multicast membership on-link. 799 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 800 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 801 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 802 803 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 804 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 805 stack. 806 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 807 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 808 semantics. 809 810 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 811 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 812 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 813 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 814 815 For application developers: 816 817 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 818 stack. 819 820 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 821 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 822 823 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 824 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 825 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 826 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 827 828 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 829 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 830 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 831 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 832 Multicast Source Filters'. 833 834 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 835 836 For systems administrators: 837 838 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 839 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 840 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 841 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 842 returned by getifaddrs(3). 843 844 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 845 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 846 847 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 848 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 849 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 850 recommended for optimal system performance. 851 852 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 853 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 854 back forwarded datagrams. 855 856 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 857 85820090422: 859 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 860 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 861 86220090419: 863 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 864 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 865 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 866 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 867 86820090415: 869 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 870 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 871 state will require a world rebuild. 872 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 873 87420090415: 875 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 876 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 877 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 878 87920090414: 880 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 881 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 882 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 883 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 884 load balancing. 885 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 886 88720090408: 888 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 889 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 890 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 891 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 892 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 893 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 894 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 895 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 896 89720090407: 898 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 899 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 900 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 901 90220090320: 903 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 904 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 905 introduces some changes: 906 907 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 908 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 909 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 910 911 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 912 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 913 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 914 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 915 916 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 917 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 918 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 919 the "386BSD" type). 920 921 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 922 92320090319: 924 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 925 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 926 (supported by sane). 927 92820090319: 929 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 930 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 931 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 932 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 933 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 934 93520090315: 936 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 937 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 938 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 939 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 940 used. 941 94220090313: 943 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 944 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 945 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 946 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 947 94820090313: 949 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 950 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 951 95220090309: 953 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 954 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 955 956 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 957 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 958 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 959 960 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 961 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 962 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 963 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 964 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 965 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 966 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 967 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 968 969 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 970 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 971 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 972 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 973 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 974 to preserve the existing behaviour. 975 976 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 977 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 978 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 979 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 980 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 981 982 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 983 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 984 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 985 via IGMP. 986 987 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 988 recompiled to reflect this. 989 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 990 99120090309: 992 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 993 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 994 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 995 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 996 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 997 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 998 99920090302: 1000 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1001 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1002 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1003 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1004 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1005 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1006 100720090301: 1008 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1009 network device driver modules. 1010 101120090227: 1012 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1013 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1014 101520090223: 1016 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1017 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1018 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1019 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1020 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1021 apply. 1022 102320090217: 1024 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1025 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1026 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1027 use the new name. 1028 102920090216: 1030 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1031 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1032 add 1033 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1034 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1035 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1036 103720090215: 1038 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1039 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1040 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1041 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1042 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1043 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1044 1045 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1046 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1047 be used for this: 1048 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1049 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1050 105120090209: 1052 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1053 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1054 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1055 105620090203: 1057 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1058 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1059 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1060 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1061 same interface. 1062 106320090201: 1064 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1065 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1066 106720090119: 1068 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1069 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1070 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1071 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1072 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1073 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1074 107520090115: 1076 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1077 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1078 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1079 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1080 108120081225: 1082 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1083 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1084 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1085 in next mpd5.3 release. 1086 108720081219: 1088 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1089 the base system (it was a port). 1090 109120081216: 1092 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1093 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1094 109520081214: 1096 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1097 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1098 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1099 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1100 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1101 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1102 none of the L2 information. 1103 110420081130: 1105 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1106 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1107 1108 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1109 1110 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1111 1112 device ath_hal 1113 1114 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1115 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1116 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1117 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1118 111920081121: 1120 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1121 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1122 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1123 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1124 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1125 packets. 1126 112720081117: 1128 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1129 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1130 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1131 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1132 113320081028: 1134 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1135 113620081009: 1137 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1138 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1139 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1140 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1141 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1142 1143 uhci_load="YES" 1144 ehci_load="YES" 1145 114620081009: 1147 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1148 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1149 sync. 1150 115120081009: 1152 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1153 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1154 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1155 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1156 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1157 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1158 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1159 116020080820: 1161 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1162 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1163 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1164 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1165 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1166 1167 PCI/ISA: 1168 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1169 1170 USB: 1171 ubser, ucycom 1172 1173 Line disciplines: 1174 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1175 1176 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1177 cause compilation to fail. 1178 117920080818: 1180 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1181 118220080801: 1183 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1184 1185 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1186 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1187 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1188 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1189 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1190 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1191 accepting the RSA key. 1192 1193 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1194 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1195 command line. 1196 1197 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1198 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1199 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1200 behavior. 1201 120220080713: 1203 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1204 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1205 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1206 1207 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1208 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1209 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1210 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1211 use the new device names. 1212 1213 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1214 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1215 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1216 at the loader prompt: 1217 1218 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1219 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1220 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1221 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1222 boot -s 1223 122420080609: 1225 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1226 disks instead. 1227 122820080603: 1229 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1230 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1231 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1232 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1233 123420080525: 1235 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1236 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1237 123820080509: 1239 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1240 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1241 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1242 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1243 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1244 124520080420: 1246 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1247 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1248 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1249 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1250 For example, change: 1251 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1252 to 1253 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1254 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1255 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1256 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1257 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1258 1259 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1260 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1261 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1262 126320080408: 1264 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1265 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1266 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1267 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1268 other operation levels. 1269 127020080312: 1271 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1272 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1273 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1274 compatibility with any prior release: 1275 1276 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1277 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1278 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1279 128020080301: 1281 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1282 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1283 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1284 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1285 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1286 nonetheless. 1287 128820080229: 1289 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1290 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1291 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1292 with older hardware easier to do. 1293 129420080220: 1295 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1296 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1297 129820080211: 1299 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1300 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1301 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1302 firewall rules. 1303 130420080208: 1305 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1306 mbuf chains. 1307 130820080126: 1309 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1310 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1311 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1312 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1313 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1314 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1315 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1316 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1317 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1318 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1319 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1320 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1321 132220080123: 1323 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1324 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1325 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1326 132720071128: 1328 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1329 functionality is the default now. 1330 133120071118: 1332 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1333 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1334 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1335 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1336 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1337 1338 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1339 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1340 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1341 134220071024: 1343 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1344 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1345 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1346 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1347 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1348 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1349 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1350 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1351 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1352 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1353 however. 1354 135520071020: 1356 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1357 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1358 used kproc_start().. 1359 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1360 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1361 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1362 136320071010: 1364 RELENG_7 branched. 1365 1366COMMON ITEMS: 1367 1368 General Notes 1369 ------------- 1370 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1371 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1372 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1373 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1374 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1375 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1376 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1377 1378 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1379 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1380 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1381 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1382 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1383 1384 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1385 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1386 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1387 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1388 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1389 1390 ZFS notes 1391 --------- 1392 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1393 these two steps: 1394 1395 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1396 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1397 1398 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1399 1400 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1401 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1402 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1403 1404 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1405 1406 To build a kernel 1407 ----------------- 1408 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1409 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1410 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1411 1412 make kernel-toolchain 1413 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1414 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1415 1416 To test a kernel once 1417 --------------------- 1418 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1419 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1420 debugging information) run 1421 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1422 nextboot -k testkernel 1423 1424 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1425 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1426 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1427 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1428 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1429 1430 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1431 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1432 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1433 make depend 1434 make 1435 make install 1436 1437 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1438 1439 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1440 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1441 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1442 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1443 1444 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1445 make buildworld 1446 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1447 [1] 1448 <reboot in single user> [3] 1449 mergemaster -p [5] 1450 make installworld 1451 mergemaster -i [4] 1452 make delete-old [6] 1453 <reboot> 1454 1455 1456 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1457 -------------------------------------------------- 1458 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1459 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1460 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1461 # size. 1462 1463 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1464 <boot into -stable> 1465 make buildworld 1466 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1467 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1468 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1469 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1470 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1471 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1472 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1473 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1474 <reboot into current> 1475 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1476 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1477 <reboot> 1478 1479 1480 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1481 ---------------------------------------------- 1482 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1483 make buildworld [9] 1484 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1485 [1] 1486 <reboot in single user> [3] 1487 mergemaster -p [5] 1488 make installworld 1489 mergemaster -i [4] 1490 make delete-old [6] 1491 <reboot> 1492 1493 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1494 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1495 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1496 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1497 the UPDATING entries. 1498 1499 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1500 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1501 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1502 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1503 much fewer pitfalls. 1504 1505 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1506 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1507 system on reboot. 1508 1509 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1510 fsck -p 1511 mount -u / 1512 mount -a 1513 cd src 1514 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1515 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1516 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1517 1518 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1519 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1520 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1521 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1522 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1523 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1524 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1525 1526 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1527 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1528 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1529 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1530 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1531 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1532 1533 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1534 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1535 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1536 1537 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1538 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1539 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1540 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1541 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1542 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1543 1544 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1545 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1546 1547 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1548 cvs prune empty directories. 1549 1550 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1551 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1552 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1553 1554 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1555 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1556 warn if it is improperly defined. 1557FORMAT: 1558 1559This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1560breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1561list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1562If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1563to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1564 1565Copyright information: 1566 1567Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1568 1569Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1570modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1571document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1572 1573THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1574IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1575WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1576DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1577INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1578(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1579SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1580HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1581STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1582IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1583POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1584 1585Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1586this document. 1587 1588$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 234395 2012-04-17 20:21:04Z jasone $ 1589