UPDATING revision 225227
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110828: 26 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 27 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 28 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 29 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 30 3120110815: 32 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 33 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 34 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 35 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 36 37 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 38 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 39 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 40 4120110628: 42 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 43 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 44 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 45 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 46 4720110608: 48 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 49 machdep.hlt_cpus 50 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 51 The following sysctl is retired: 52 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 53 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 54 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 55 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 56 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 57 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 58 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 59 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 60 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 61 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 62 a default scheduler. 63 6420110607: 65 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 66 a mask of CPUs. 67 6820110531: 69 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 70 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 71 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 72 world. 73 7420110513: 75 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 76 7720110503: 78 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 79 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 80 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 81 drivers need to be recompiled. 82 83 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 84 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 85 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 86 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 87 branches. 88 8920110430: 90 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 91 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 92 9320110427: 94 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 95 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 96 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 97 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 98 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 99 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 100 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 101 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 102 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 103 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 104 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 105 106 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 107 108 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 109 a diskless root fs use the old client. 110 11120110424: 112 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 113 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 114 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 115 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 116 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 117 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 118 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 119 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 120 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 121 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 122 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 123 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 124 125 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 126 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 127 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 128 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 129 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 130 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 131 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 132 them are parts of the cam module. 133 134 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 135 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 136 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 137 138 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 139 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 140 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 141 options ATA_CAM 142 device ahci 143 device mvs 144 device siis 145 , and instead add back: 146 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 147 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 148 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 149 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 150 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 151 15220110423: 153 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 154 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 155 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 156 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 157 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 158 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 159 16020110418: 161 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 162 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 163 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 164 16520110331: 166 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 167 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 168 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 169 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 170 in order to use ath on everything else. 171 172 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 173 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 174 17520110314: 176 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 177 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 178 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 179 18020110218: 181 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 182 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 183 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 184 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 185 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 186 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 187 18820110218: 189 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 190 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 191 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 192 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 193 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 194 authentication). 195 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 196 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 197 19820110207: 199 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 200 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 201 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 202 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 203 The function remains undocumented. 204 20520110112: 206 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 207 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 208 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 209 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 210 systems where the define is not present can check against 211 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 212 213 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 214 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 215 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 216 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 217 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 218 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 219 22020110103: 221 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 222 the following warning: 223 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 224 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 225 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 226 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 227 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 228 install it on your system. 229 230 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 231 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 232 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 233 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 234 23520101228: 236 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 237 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 238 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 239 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 240 be recompiled. 241 24220101114: 243 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 244 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 245 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 246 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 247 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 248 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 249 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 250 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 251 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 252 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 253 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 254 it, for example via: 255 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 256 257 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 258 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 259 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 260 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 261 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 262 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 263 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 264 265 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 266 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 267 26820101111: 269 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 270 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 271 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 272 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 273 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 274 27520101002: 276 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 277 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 278 migrate local entries to the new format. 279 28020100928: 281 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 282 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 283 upstream sshd. 284 28520100915: 286 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 287 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 288 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 289 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 290 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 291 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 292 29320100913: 294 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 295 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 296 297 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 298 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 299 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 300 default is "AUTO". 301 302 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 303 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 304 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 305 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 306 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 307 308 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 309 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 310 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 311 31220100913: 313 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 314 now i386 and amd64 only. 315 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 316 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 317 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 318 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 319 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 320 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 321 32220100725: 323 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 324 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 325 32620100722: 327 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 328 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 329 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 330 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 331 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 332 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 333 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 334 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 335 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 336 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 337 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 338 33920100713: 340 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 341 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 342 machine powerpc powerpc 343 344 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 345 after this change. 346 34720100713: 348 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 349 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 350 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 351 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 352 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 353 35420100429: 355 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 356 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 357 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 358 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 359 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 360 36120100402: 362 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 363 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 364 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 365 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 366 WITH_CTF=yes"). 367 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 368 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 369 to unwanted behavior. 370 37120100311: 372 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 373 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 374 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 375 be modified accordingly. 376 37720100113: 378 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 379 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 380 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 381 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 382 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 383 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 384 385 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 386 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 387 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 388 use of utmpx. 389 390 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 391 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 392 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 393 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 394 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 395 39620100108: 397 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 398 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 399 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 400 40120091202: 402 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 403 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 404 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 405 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 406 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 407 408 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 409 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 410 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 411 412 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 413 41420091125: 415 8.0-RELEASE. 416 41720091113: 418 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 419 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 420 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 421 operation of applications on the console. 422 423 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 424 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 425 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 426 cons25. 427 428 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 429 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 430 performed by syscons(4). 431 43220091109: 433 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 434 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 435 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 436 437 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 438 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 439 new structure. 440 44120091025: 442 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 443 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 444 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 445 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 446 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 447 iwn5150fw. 448 44920090926: 450 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 451 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 452 453 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 454 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 455 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 456 457 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 458 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 459 460 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 461 they are obsolete. 462 463 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 464 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 465 466 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 467 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 468 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 469 470 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 471 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 472 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 473 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 474 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 475 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 476 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 477 using ifconfig(8) like: 478 479 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 480 481 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 482 IPv6-preferred. 483 484 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 485 486 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 487 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 488 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 489 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 490 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 491 49220090922: 493 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 494 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 495 49620090912: 497 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 498 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 499 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 500 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 501 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 502 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 503 50420090910: 505 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 506 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 507 50820090825: 509 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 510 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 511 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 512 is 1000. 513 51420090813: 515 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 516 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 517 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 518 51920090803: 520 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 521 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 522 52320090719: 524 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 525 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 526 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 527 52820090714: 529 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 530 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 531 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 532 53320090713: 534 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 535 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 536 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 537 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 538 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 539 54020090712: 541 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 542 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 543 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 544 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 545 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 546 54720090630: 548 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 549 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 550 may need to be adjusted. 551 55220090629: 553 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 554 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 555 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 556 with routing sockets. 557 55820090628: 559 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 560 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 561 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 562 56320090624: 564 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 565 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 566 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 567 800100. 568 56920090622: 570 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 571 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 572 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 573 57420090619: 575 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 576 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 577 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 578 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 579 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 580 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 581 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 582 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 583 584 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 585 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 586 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 587 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 588 authentication method is used. 589 59020090616: 591 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 592 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 593 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 594 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 595 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 596 59720090613: 598 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 599 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 600 60120090611: 602 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 603 be rebuilt. 604 60520090608: 606 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 607 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 608 60920090602: 610 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 611 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 612 61320090601: 614 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 615 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 616 re-compiled. 617 61820090601: 619 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 620 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 621 rebuilt. 622 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 623 62420090530: 625 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 626 more valid. 627 62820090530: 629 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 630 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 631 63220090529: 633 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 634 rebuilt. 635 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 636 63720090528: 638 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 639 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 640 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 641 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 642 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 643 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 644 64520090527: 646 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 647 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 648 64920090523: 650 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 651 need to be rebuilt. 652 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 653 65420090523: 655 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 656 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 657 65820090520: 659 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 660 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 661 66220090520: 663 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 664 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 665 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 666 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 667 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 668 66920090430: 670 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 671 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 672 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 673 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 674 correctly checking networking state from userland. 675 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 676 67720090429: 678 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 679 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 680 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 681 follows the IPv4 implementation. 682 683 For kernel developers: 684 685 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 686 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 687 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 688 689 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 690 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 691 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 692 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 693 694 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 695 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 696 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 697 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 698 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 699 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 700 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 701 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 702 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 703 multicast membership on-link. 704 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 705 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 706 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 707 708 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 709 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 710 stack. 711 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 712 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 713 semantics. 714 715 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 716 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 717 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 718 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 719 720 For application developers: 721 722 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 723 stack. 724 725 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 726 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 727 728 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 729 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 730 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 731 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 732 733 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 734 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 735 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 736 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 737 Multicast Source Filters'. 738 739 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 740 741 For systems administrators: 742 743 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 744 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 745 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 746 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 747 returned by getifaddrs(3). 748 749 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 750 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 751 752 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 753 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 754 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 755 recommended for optimal system performance. 756 757 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 758 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 759 back forwarded datagrams. 760 761 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 762 76320090422: 764 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 765 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 766 76720090419: 768 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 769 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 770 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 771 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 772 77320090415: 774 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 775 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 776 state will require a world rebuild. 777 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 778 77920090415: 780 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 781 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 782 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 783 78420090414: 785 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 786 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 787 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 788 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 789 load balancing. 790 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 791 79220090408: 793 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 794 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 795 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 796 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 797 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 798 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 799 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 800 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 801 80220090407: 803 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 804 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 805 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 806 80720090320: 808 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 809 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 810 introduces some changes: 811 812 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 813 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 814 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 815 816 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 817 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 818 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 819 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 820 821 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 822 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 823 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 824 the "386BSD" type). 825 826 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 827 82820090319: 829 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 830 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 831 (supported by sane). 832 83320090319: 834 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 835 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 836 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 837 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 838 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 839 84020090315: 841 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 842 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 843 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 844 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 845 used. 846 84720090313: 848 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 849 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 850 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 851 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 852 85320090313: 854 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 855 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 856 85720090309: 858 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 859 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 860 861 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 862 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 863 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 864 865 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 866 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 867 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 868 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 869 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 870 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 871 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 872 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 873 874 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 875 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 876 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 877 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 878 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 879 to preserve the existing behaviour. 880 881 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 882 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 883 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 884 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 885 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 886 887 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 888 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 889 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 890 via IGMP. 891 892 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 893 recompiled to reflect this. 894 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 895 89620090309: 897 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 898 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 899 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 900 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 901 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 902 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 903 90420090302: 905 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 906 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 907 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 908 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 909 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 910 raised to allow such segments to be created. 911 91220090301: 913 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 914 network device driver modules. 915 91620090227: 917 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 918 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 919 92020090223: 921 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 922 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 923 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 924 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 925 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 926 apply. 927 92820090217: 929 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 930 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 931 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 932 use the new name. 933 93420090216: 935 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 936 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 937 add 938 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 939 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 940 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 941 94220090215: 943 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 944 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 945 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 946 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 947 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 948 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 949 950 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 951 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 952 be used for this: 953 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 954 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 955 95620090209: 957 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 958 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 959 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 960 96120090203: 962 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 963 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 964 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 965 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 966 same interface. 967 96820090201: 969 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 970 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 971 97220090119: 973 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 974 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 975 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 976 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 977 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 978 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 979 98020090115: 981 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 982 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 983 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 984 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 985 98620081225: 987 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 988 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 989 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 990 in next mpd5.3 release. 991 99220081219: 993 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 994 the base system (it was a port). 995 99620081216: 997 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 998 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 999 100020081214: 1001 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1002 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1003 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1004 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1005 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1006 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1007 none of the L2 information. 1008 100920081130: 1010 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1011 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1012 1013 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1014 1015 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1016 1017 device ath_hal 1018 1019 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1020 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1021 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1022 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1023 102420081121: 1025 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1026 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1027 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1028 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1029 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1030 packets. 1031 103220081117: 1033 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1034 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1035 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1036 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1037 103820081028: 1039 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1040 104120081009: 1042 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1043 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1044 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1045 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1046 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1047 1048 uhci_load="YES" 1049 ehci_load="YES" 1050 105120081009: 1052 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1053 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1054 sync. 1055 105620081009: 1057 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1058 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1059 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1060 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1061 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1062 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1063 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1064 106520080820: 1066 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1067 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1068 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1069 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1070 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1071 1072 PCI/ISA: 1073 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1074 1075 USB: 1076 ubser, ucycom 1077 1078 Line disciplines: 1079 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1080 1081 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1082 cause compilation to fail. 1083 108420080818: 1085 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1086 108720080801: 1088 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1089 1090 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1091 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1092 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1093 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1094 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1095 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1096 accepting the RSA key. 1097 1098 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1099 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1100 command line. 1101 1102 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1103 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1104 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1105 behavior. 1106 110720080713: 1108 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1109 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1110 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1111 1112 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1113 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1114 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1115 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1116 use the new device names. 1117 1118 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1119 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1120 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1121 at the loader prompt: 1122 1123 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1124 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1125 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1126 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1127 boot -s 1128 112920080609: 1130 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1131 disks instead. 1132 113320080603: 1134 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1135 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1136 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1137 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1138 113920080525: 1140 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1141 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1142 114320080509: 1144 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1145 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1146 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1147 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1148 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1149 115020080420: 1151 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1152 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1153 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1154 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1155 For example, change: 1156 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1157 to 1158 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1159 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1160 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1161 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1162 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1163 1164 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1165 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1166 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1167 116820080408: 1169 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1170 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1171 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1172 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1173 other operation levels. 1174 117520080312: 1176 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1177 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1178 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1179 compatibility with any prior release: 1180 1181 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1182 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1183 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1184 118520080301: 1186 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1187 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1188 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1189 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1190 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1191 nonetheless. 1192 119320080229: 1194 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1195 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1196 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1197 with older hardware easier to do. 1198 119920080220: 1200 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1201 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1202 120320080211: 1204 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1205 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1206 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1207 firewall rules. 1208 120920080208: 1210 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1211 mbuf chains. 1212 121320080126: 1214 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1215 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1216 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1217 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1218 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1219 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1220 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1221 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1222 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1223 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1224 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1225 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1226 122720080123: 1228 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1229 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1230 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1231 123220071128: 1233 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1234 functionality is the default now. 1235 123620071118: 1237 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1238 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1239 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1240 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1241 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1242 1243 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1244 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1245 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1246 124720071024: 1248 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1249 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1250 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1251 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1252 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1253 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1254 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1255 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1256 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1257 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1258 however. 1259 126020071020: 1261 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1262 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1263 used kproc_start().. 1264 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1265 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1266 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1267 126820071010: 1269 RELENG_7 branched. 1270 1271COMMON ITEMS: 1272 1273 General Notes 1274 ------------- 1275 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1276 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1277 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1278 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1279 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1280 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1281 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1282 1283 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1284 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1285 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1286 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1287 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1288 1289 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1290 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1291 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1292 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1293 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1294 1295 ZFS notes 1296 --------- 1297 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1298 these two steps: 1299 1300 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1301 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1302 1303 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1304 1305 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1306 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1307 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1308 1309 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1310 1311 To build a kernel 1312 ----------------- 1313 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1314 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1315 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1316 1317 make kernel-toolchain 1318 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1319 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1320 1321 To test a kernel once 1322 --------------------- 1323 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1324 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1325 debugging information) run 1326 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1327 nextboot -k testkernel 1328 1329 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1330 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1331 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1332 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1333 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1334 1335 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1336 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1337 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1338 make depend 1339 make 1340 make install 1341 1342 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1343 1344 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1345 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1346 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1347 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1348 1349 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1350 make buildworld 1351 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1352 [1] 1353 <reboot in single user> [3] 1354 mergemaster -p [5] 1355 make installworld 1356 mergemaster -i [4] 1357 make delete-old [6] 1358 <reboot> 1359 1360 1361 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1362 -------------------------------------------------- 1363 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1364 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1365 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1366 # size. 1367 1368 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1369 <boot into -stable> 1370 make buildworld 1371 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1372 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1373 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1374 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1375 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1376 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1377 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1378 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1379 <reboot into current> 1380 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1381 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1382 <reboot> 1383 1384 1385 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1386 ---------------------------------------------- 1387 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1388 make buildworld [9] 1389 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1390 [1] 1391 <reboot in single user> [3] 1392 mergemaster -p [5] 1393 make installworld 1394 mergemaster -i [4] 1395 make delete-old [6] 1396 <reboot> 1397 1398 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1399 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1400 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1401 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1402 the UPDATING entries. 1403 1404 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1405 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1406 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1407 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1408 much fewer pitfalls. 1409 1410 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1411 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1412 system on reboot. 1413 1414 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1415 fsck -p 1416 mount -u / 1417 mount -a 1418 cd src 1419 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1420 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1421 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1422 1423 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1424 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1425 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1426 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1427 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1428 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1429 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1430 1431 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1432 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1433 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1434 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1435 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1436 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1437 1438 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1439 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1440 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1441 1442 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1443 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1444 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1445 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1446 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1447 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1448 1449 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1450 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1451 1452 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1453 cvs prune empty directories. 1454 1455 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1456 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1457 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1458 1459 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1460 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1461 warn if it is improperly defined. 1462FORMAT: 1463 1464This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1465breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1466list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1467If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1468to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1469 1470Copyright information: 1471 1472Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1473 1474Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1475modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1476document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1477 1478THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1479IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1480WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1481DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1482INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1483(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1484SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1485HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1486STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1487IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1488POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1489 1490Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1491this document. 1492 1493$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 225227 2011-08-28 09:26:48Z kib $ 1494