UPDATING revision 222853
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110608: 26 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 27 machdep.hlt_cpus 28 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 29 The following sysctl is retired: 30 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 31 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 32 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 33 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 34 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 35 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 36 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 37 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 38 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 39 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 40 a default scheduler. 41 4220110607: 43 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 44 a mask of CPUs. 45 4620110531: 47 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 48 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 49 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 50 world. 51 5220110513: 53 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 54 5520110430: 56 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 57 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 58 5920110427: 60 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 61 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 62 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 63 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 64 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 65 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 66 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 67 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 68 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 69 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 70 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 71 72 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 73 74 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 75 a diskless root fs use the old client. 76 7720110424: 78 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 79 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 80 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 81 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 82 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 83 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 84 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 85 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 86 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 87 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 88 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 89 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 90 91 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 92 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 93 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 94 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 95 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 96 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 97 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 98 them are parts of the cam module. 99 100 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 101 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 102 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 103 104 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 105 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 106 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 107 options ATA_CAM 108 device ahci 109 device mvs 110 device siis 111 , and instead add back: 112 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 113 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 114 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 115 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 116 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 117 11820110423: 119 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 120 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 121 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 122 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 123 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 124 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 125 12620110418: 127 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 128 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 129 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 130 13120110331: 132 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 133 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 134 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 135 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 136 in order to use ath on everything else. 137 138 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 139 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 140 14120110314: 142 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 143 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 144 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 145 14620110218: 147 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 148 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 149 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 150 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 151 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 152 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 153 15420110218: 155 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 156 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 157 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 158 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 159 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 160 authentication). 161 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 162 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 163 16420110207: 165 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 166 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 167 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 168 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 169 The function remains undocumented. 170 17120110112: 172 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 173 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 174 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 175 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 176 systems where the define is not present can check against 177 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 178 179 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 180 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 181 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 182 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 183 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 184 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 185 18620110103: 187 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 188 the following warning: 189 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 190 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 191 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 192 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 193 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 194 install it on your system. 195 196 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 197 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 198 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 199 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 200 20120101228: 202 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 203 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 204 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 205 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 206 be recompiled. 207 20820101114: 209 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 210 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 211 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 212 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 213 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 214 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 215 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 216 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 217 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 218 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 219 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 220 it, for example via: 221 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 222 223 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 224 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 225 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 226 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 227 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 228 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 229 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 230 231 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 232 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 233 23420101111: 235 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 236 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 237 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 238 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 239 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 240 24120101002: 242 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 243 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 244 migrate local entries to the new format. 245 24620100928: 247 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 248 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 249 upstream sshd. 250 25120100915: 252 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 253 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 254 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 255 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 256 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 257 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 258 25920100913: 260 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 261 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 262 263 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 264 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 265 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 266 default is "AUTO". 267 268 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 269 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 270 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 271 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 272 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 273 274 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 275 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 276 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 277 27820100913: 279 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 280 now i386 and amd64 only. 281 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 282 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 283 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 284 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 285 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 286 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 287 28820100725: 289 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 290 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 291 29220100722: 293 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 294 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 295 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 296 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 297 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 298 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 299 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 300 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 301 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 302 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 303 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 304 30520100713: 306 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 307 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 308 machine powerpc powerpc 309 310 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 311 after this change. 312 31320100713: 314 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 315 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 316 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 317 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 318 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 319 32020100429: 321 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 322 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 323 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 324 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 325 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 326 32720100402: 328 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 329 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 330 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 331 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 332 WITH_CTF=yes"). 333 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 334 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 335 to unwanted behavior. 336 33720100311: 338 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 339 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 340 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 341 be modified accordingly. 342 34320100113: 344 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 345 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 346 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 347 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 348 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 349 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 350 351 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 352 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 353 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 354 use of utmpx. 355 356 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 357 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 358 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 359 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 360 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 361 36220100108: 363 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 364 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 365 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 366 36720091202: 368 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 369 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 370 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 371 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 372 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 373 374 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 375 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 376 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 377 378 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 379 38020091125: 381 8.0-RELEASE. 382 38320091113: 384 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 385 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 386 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 387 operation of applications on the console. 388 389 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 390 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 391 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 392 cons25. 393 394 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 395 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 396 performed by syscons(4). 397 39820091109: 399 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 400 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 401 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 402 403 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 404 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 405 new structure. 406 40720091025: 408 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 409 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 410 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 411 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 412 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 413 iwn5150fw. 414 41520090926: 416 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 417 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 418 419 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 420 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 421 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 422 423 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 424 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 425 426 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 427 they are obsolete. 428 429 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 430 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 431 432 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 433 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 434 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 435 436 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 437 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 438 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 439 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 440 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 441 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 442 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 443 using ifconfig(8) like: 444 445 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 446 447 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 448 IPv6-preferred. 449 450 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 451 452 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 453 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 454 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 455 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 456 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 457 45820090922: 459 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 460 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 461 46220090912: 463 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 464 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 465 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 466 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 467 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 468 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 469 47020090910: 471 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 472 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 473 47420090825: 475 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 476 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 477 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 478 is 1000. 479 48020090813: 481 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 482 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 483 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 484 48520090803: 486 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 487 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 488 48920090719: 490 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 491 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 492 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 493 49420090714: 495 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 496 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 497 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 498 49920090713: 500 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 501 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 502 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 503 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 504 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 505 50620090712: 507 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 508 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 509 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 510 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 511 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 512 51320090630: 514 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 515 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 516 may need to be adjusted. 517 51820090629: 519 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 520 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 521 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 522 with routing sockets. 523 52420090628: 525 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 526 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 527 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 528 52920090624: 530 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 531 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 532 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 533 800100. 534 53520090622: 536 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 537 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 538 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 539 54020090619: 541 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 542 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 543 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 544 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 545 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 546 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 547 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 548 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 549 550 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 551 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 552 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 553 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 554 authentication method is used. 555 55620090616: 557 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 558 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 559 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 560 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 561 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 562 56320090613: 564 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 565 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 566 56720090611: 568 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 569 be rebuilt. 570 57120090608: 572 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 573 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 574 57520090602: 576 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 577 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 578 57920090601: 580 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 581 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 582 re-compiled. 583 58420090601: 585 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 586 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 587 rebuilt. 588 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 589 59020090530: 591 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 592 more valid. 593 59420090530: 595 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 596 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 597 59820090529: 599 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 600 rebuilt. 601 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 602 60320090528: 604 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 605 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 606 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 607 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 608 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 609 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 610 61120090527: 612 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 613 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 614 61520090523: 616 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 617 need to be rebuilt. 618 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 619 62020090523: 621 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 622 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 623 62420090520: 625 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 626 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 627 62820090520: 629 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 630 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 631 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 632 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 633 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 634 63520090430: 636 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 637 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 638 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 639 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 640 correctly checking networking state from userland. 641 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 642 64320090429: 644 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 645 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 646 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 647 follows the IPv4 implementation. 648 649 For kernel developers: 650 651 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 652 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 653 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 654 655 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 656 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 657 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 658 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 659 660 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 661 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 662 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 663 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 664 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 665 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 666 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 667 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 668 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 669 multicast membership on-link. 670 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 671 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 672 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 673 674 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 675 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 676 stack. 677 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 678 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 679 semantics. 680 681 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 682 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 683 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 684 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 685 686 For application developers: 687 688 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 689 stack. 690 691 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 692 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 693 694 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 695 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 696 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 697 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 698 699 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 700 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 701 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 702 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 703 Multicast Source Filters'. 704 705 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 706 707 For systems administrators: 708 709 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 710 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 711 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 712 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 713 returned by getifaddrs(3). 714 715 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 716 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 717 718 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 719 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 720 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 721 recommended for optimal system performance. 722 723 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 724 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 725 back forwarded datagrams. 726 727 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 728 72920090422: 730 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 731 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 732 73320090419: 734 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 735 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 736 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 737 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 738 73920090415: 740 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 741 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 742 state will require a world rebuild. 743 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 744 74520090415: 746 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 747 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 748 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 749 75020090414: 751 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 752 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 753 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 754 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 755 load balancing. 756 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 757 75820090408: 759 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 760 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 761 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 762 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 763 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 764 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 765 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 766 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 767 76820090407: 769 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 770 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 771 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 772 77320090320: 774 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 775 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 776 introduces some changes: 777 778 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 779 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 780 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 781 782 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 783 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 784 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 785 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 786 787 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 788 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 789 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 790 the "386BSD" type). 791 792 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 793 79420090319: 795 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 796 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 797 (supported by sane). 798 79920090319: 800 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 801 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 802 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 803 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 804 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 805 80620090315: 807 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 808 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 809 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 810 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 811 used. 812 81320090313: 814 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 815 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 816 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 817 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 818 81920090313: 820 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 821 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 822 82320090309: 824 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 825 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 826 827 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 828 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 829 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 830 831 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 832 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 833 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 834 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 835 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 836 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 837 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 838 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 839 840 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 841 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 842 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 843 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 844 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 845 to preserve the existing behaviour. 846 847 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 848 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 849 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 850 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 851 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 852 853 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 854 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 855 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 856 via IGMP. 857 858 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 859 recompiled to reflect this. 860 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 861 86220090309: 863 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 864 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 865 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 866 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 867 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 868 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 869 87020090302: 871 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 872 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 873 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 874 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 875 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 876 raised to allow such segments to be created. 877 87820090301: 879 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 880 network device driver modules. 881 88220090227: 883 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 884 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 885 88620090223: 887 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 888 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 889 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 890 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 891 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 892 apply. 893 89420090217: 895 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 896 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 897 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 898 use the new name. 899 90020090216: 901 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 902 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 903 add 904 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 905 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 906 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 907 90820090215: 909 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 910 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 911 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 912 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 913 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 914 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 915 916 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 917 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 918 be used for this: 919 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 920 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 921 92220090209: 923 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 924 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 925 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 926 92720090203: 928 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 929 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 930 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 931 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 932 same interface. 933 93420090201: 935 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 936 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 937 93820090119: 939 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 940 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 941 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 942 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 943 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 944 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 945 94620090115: 947 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 948 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 949 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 950 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 951 95220081225: 953 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 954 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 955 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 956 in next mpd5.3 release. 957 95820081219: 959 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 960 the base system (it was a port). 961 96220081216: 963 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 964 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 965 96620081214: 967 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 968 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 969 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 970 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 971 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 972 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 973 none of the L2 information. 974 97520081130: 976 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 977 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 978 979 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 980 981 to their kernel config files when specifying: 982 983 device ath_hal 984 985 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 986 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 987 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 988 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 989 99020081121: 991 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 992 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 993 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 994 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 995 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 996 packets. 997 99820081117: 999 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1000 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1001 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1002 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1003 100420081028: 1005 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1006 100720081009: 1008 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1009 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1010 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1011 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1012 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1013 1014 uhci_load="YES" 1015 ehci_load="YES" 1016 101720081009: 1018 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1019 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1020 sync. 1021 102220081009: 1023 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1024 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1025 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1026 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1027 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1028 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1029 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1030 103120080820: 1032 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1033 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1034 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1035 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1036 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1037 1038 PCI/ISA: 1039 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1040 1041 USB: 1042 ubser, ucycom 1043 1044 Line disciplines: 1045 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1046 1047 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1048 cause compilation to fail. 1049 105020080818: 1051 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1052 105320080801: 1054 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1055 1056 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1057 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1058 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1059 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1060 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1061 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1062 accepting the RSA key. 1063 1064 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1065 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1066 command line. 1067 1068 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1069 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1070 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1071 behavior. 1072 107320080713: 1074 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1075 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1076 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1077 1078 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1079 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1080 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1081 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1082 use the new device names. 1083 1084 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1085 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1086 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1087 at the loader prompt: 1088 1089 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1090 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1091 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1092 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1093 boot -s 1094 109520080609: 1096 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1097 disks instead. 1098 109920080603: 1100 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1101 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1102 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1103 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1104 110520080525: 1106 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1107 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1108 110920080509: 1110 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1111 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1112 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1113 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1114 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1115 111620080420: 1117 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1118 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1119 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1120 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1121 For example, change: 1122 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1123 to 1124 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1125 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1126 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1127 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1128 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1129 1130 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1131 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1132 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1133 113420080408: 1135 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1136 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1137 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1138 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1139 other operation levels. 1140 114120080312: 1142 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1143 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1144 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1145 compatibility with any prior release: 1146 1147 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1148 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1149 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1150 115120080301: 1152 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1153 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1154 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1155 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1156 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1157 nonetheless. 1158 115920080229: 1160 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1161 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1162 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1163 with older hardware easier to do. 1164 116520080220: 1166 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1167 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1168 116920080211: 1170 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1171 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1172 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1173 firewall rules. 1174 117520080208: 1176 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1177 mbuf chains. 1178 117920080126: 1180 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1181 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1182 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1183 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1184 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1185 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1186 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1187 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1188 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1189 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1190 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1191 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1192 119320080123: 1194 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1195 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1196 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1197 119820071128: 1199 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1200 functionality is the default now. 1201 120220071118: 1203 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1204 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1205 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1206 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1207 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1208 1209 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1210 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1211 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1212 121320071024: 1214 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1215 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1216 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1217 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1218 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1219 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1220 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1221 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1222 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1223 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1224 however. 1225 122620071020: 1227 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1228 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1229 used kproc_start().. 1230 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1231 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1232 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1233 123420071010: 1235 RELENG_7 branched. 1236 1237COMMON ITEMS: 1238 1239 General Notes 1240 ------------- 1241 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1242 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1243 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1244 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1245 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1246 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1247 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1248 1249 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1250 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1251 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1252 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1253 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1254 1255 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1256 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1257 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1258 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1259 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1260 1261 ZFS notes 1262 --------- 1263 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1264 these two steps: 1265 1266 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1267 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1268 1269 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1270 1271 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1272 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1273 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1274 1275 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1276 1277 To build a kernel 1278 ----------------- 1279 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1280 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1281 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1282 1283 make kernel-toolchain 1284 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1285 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1286 1287 To test a kernel once 1288 --------------------- 1289 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1290 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1291 debugging information) run 1292 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1293 nextboot -k testkernel 1294 1295 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1296 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1297 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1298 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1299 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1300 1301 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1302 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1303 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1304 make depend 1305 make 1306 make install 1307 1308 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1309 1310 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1311 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1312 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1313 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1314 1315 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1316 make buildworld 1317 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1318 [1] 1319 <reboot in single user> [3] 1320 mergemaster -p [5] 1321 make installworld 1322 mergemaster -i [4] 1323 make delete-old [6] 1324 <reboot> 1325 1326 1327 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1328 -------------------------------------------------- 1329 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1330 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1331 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1332 # size. 1333 1334 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1335 <boot into -stable> 1336 make buildworld 1337 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1338 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1339 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1340 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1341 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1342 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1343 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1344 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1345 <reboot into current> 1346 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1347 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1348 <reboot> 1349 1350 1351 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1352 ---------------------------------------------- 1353 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1354 make buildworld [9] 1355 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1356 [1] 1357 <reboot in single user> [3] 1358 mergemaster -p [5] 1359 make installworld 1360 mergemaster -i [4] 1361 make delete-old [6] 1362 <reboot> 1363 1364 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1365 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1366 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1367 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1368 the UPDATING entries. 1369 1370 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1371 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1372 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1373 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1374 much fewer pitfalls. 1375 1376 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1377 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1378 system on reboot. 1379 1380 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1381 fsck -p 1382 mount -u / 1383 mount -a 1384 cd src 1385 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1386 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1387 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1388 1389 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1390 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1391 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1392 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1393 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1394 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1395 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1396 1397 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1398 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1399 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1400 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1401 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1402 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1403 1404 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1405 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1406 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1407 1408 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1409 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1410 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1411 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1412 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1413 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1414 1415 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1416 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1417 1418 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1419 cvs prune empty directories. 1420 1421 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1422 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1423 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1424 1425 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1426 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1427 warn if it is improperly defined. 1428FORMAT: 1429 1430This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1431breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1432and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1433previous releases if your system is older than this. 1434 1435Copyright information: 1436 1437Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1438 1439Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1440modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1441document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1442 1443THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1444IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1445WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1446DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1447INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1448(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1449SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1450HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1451STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1452IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1453POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1454 1455Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1456this document. 1457 1458$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 222853 2011-06-08 08:12:15Z avg $ 1459