UPDATING revision 222813
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110607: 26 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 27 a mask of CPUs. 28 2920110513: 30 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 31 3220110430: 33 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 34 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 35 3620110427: 37 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 38 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 39 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 40 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 41 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 42 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 43 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 44 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 45 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 46 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 47 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 48 49 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 50 51 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 52 a diskless root fs use the old client. 53 5420110424: 55 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 56 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 57 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 58 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 59 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 60 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 61 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 62 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 63 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 64 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 65 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 66 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 67 68 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 69 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 70 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 71 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 72 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 73 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 74 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 75 them are parts of the cam module. 76 77 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 78 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 79 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 80 81 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 82 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 83 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 84 options ATA_CAM 85 device ahci 86 device mvs 87 device siis 88 , and instead add back: 89 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 90 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 91 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 92 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 93 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 94 9520110423: 96 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 97 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 98 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 99 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 100 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 101 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 102 10320110418: 104 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 105 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 106 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 107 10820110331: 109 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 110 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 111 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 112 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 113 in order to use ath on everything else. 114 115 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 116 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 117 11820110314: 119 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 120 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 121 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 122 12320110218: 124 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 125 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 126 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 127 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 128 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 129 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 130 13120110218: 132 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 133 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 134 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 135 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 136 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 137 authentication). 138 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 139 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 140 14120110207: 142 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 143 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 144 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 145 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 146 The function remains undocumented. 147 14820110112: 149 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 150 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 151 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 152 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 153 systems where the define is not present can check against 154 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 155 156 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 157 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 158 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 159 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 160 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 161 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 162 16320110103: 164 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 165 the following warning: 166 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 167 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 168 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 169 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 170 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 171 install it on your system. 172 173 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 174 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 175 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 176 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 177 17820101228: 179 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 180 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 181 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 182 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 183 be recompiled. 184 18520101114: 186 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 187 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 188 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 189 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 190 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 191 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 192 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 193 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 194 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 195 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 196 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 197 it, for example via: 198 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 199 200 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 201 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 202 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 203 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 204 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 205 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 206 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 207 208 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 209 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 210 21120101111: 212 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 213 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 214 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 215 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 216 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 217 21820101002: 219 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 220 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 221 migrate local entries to the new format. 222 22320100928: 224 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 225 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 226 upstream sshd. 227 22820100915: 229 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 230 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 231 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 232 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 233 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 234 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 235 23620100913: 237 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 238 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 239 240 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 241 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 242 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 243 default is "AUTO". 244 245 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 246 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 247 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 248 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 249 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 250 251 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 252 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 253 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 254 25520100913: 256 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 257 now i386 and amd64 only. 258 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 259 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 260 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 261 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 262 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 263 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 264 26520100725: 266 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 267 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 268 26920100722: 270 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 271 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 272 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 273 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 274 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 275 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 276 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 277 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 278 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 279 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 280 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 281 28220100713: 283 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 284 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 285 machine powerpc powerpc 286 287 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 288 after this change. 289 29020100713: 291 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 292 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 293 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 294 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 295 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 296 29720100429: 298 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 299 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 300 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 301 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 302 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 303 30420100402: 305 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 306 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 307 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 308 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 309 WITH_CTF=yes"). 310 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 311 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 312 to unwanted behavior. 313 31420100311: 315 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 316 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 317 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 318 be modified accordingly. 319 32020100113: 321 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 322 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 323 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 324 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 325 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 326 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 327 328 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 329 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 330 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 331 use of utmpx. 332 333 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 334 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 335 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 336 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 337 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 338 33920100108: 340 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 341 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 342 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 343 34420091202: 345 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 346 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 347 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 348 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 349 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 350 351 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 352 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 353 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 354 355 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 356 35720091125: 358 8.0-RELEASE. 359 36020091113: 361 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 362 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 363 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 364 operation of applications on the console. 365 366 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 367 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 368 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 369 cons25. 370 371 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 372 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 373 performed by syscons(4). 374 37520091109: 376 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 377 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 378 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 379 380 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 381 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 382 new structure. 383 38420091025: 385 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 386 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 387 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 388 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 389 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 390 iwn5150fw. 391 39220090926: 393 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 394 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 395 396 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 397 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 398 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 399 400 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 401 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 402 403 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 404 they are obsolete. 405 406 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 407 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 408 409 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 410 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 411 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 412 413 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 414 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 415 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 416 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 417 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 418 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 419 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 420 using ifconfig(8) like: 421 422 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 423 424 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 425 IPv6-preferred. 426 427 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 428 429 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 430 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 431 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 432 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 433 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 434 43520090922: 436 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 437 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 438 43920090912: 440 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 441 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 442 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 443 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 444 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 445 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 446 44720090910: 448 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 449 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 450 45120090825: 452 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 453 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 454 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 455 is 1000. 456 45720090813: 458 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 459 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 460 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 461 46220090803: 463 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 464 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 465 46620090719: 467 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 468 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 469 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 470 47120090714: 472 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 473 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 474 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 475 47620090713: 477 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 478 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 479 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 480 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 481 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 482 48320090712: 484 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 485 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 486 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 487 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 488 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 489 49020090630: 491 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 492 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 493 may need to be adjusted. 494 49520090629: 496 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 497 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 498 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 499 with routing sockets. 500 50120090628: 502 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 503 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 504 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 505 50620090624: 507 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 508 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 509 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 510 800100. 511 51220090622: 513 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 514 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 515 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 516 51720090619: 518 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 519 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 520 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 521 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 522 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 523 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 524 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 525 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 526 527 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 528 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 529 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 530 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 531 authentication method is used. 532 53320090616: 534 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 535 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 536 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 537 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 538 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 539 54020090613: 541 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 542 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 543 54420090611: 545 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 546 be rebuilt. 547 54820090608: 549 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 550 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 551 55220090602: 553 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 554 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 555 55620090601: 557 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 558 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 559 re-compiled. 560 56120090601: 562 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 563 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 564 rebuilt. 565 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 566 56720090530: 568 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 569 more valid. 570 57120090530: 572 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 573 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 574 57520090529: 576 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 577 rebuilt. 578 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 579 58020090528: 581 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 582 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 583 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 584 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 585 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 586 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 587 58820090527: 589 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 590 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 591 59220090523: 593 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 594 need to be rebuilt. 595 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 596 59720090523: 598 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 599 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 600 60120090520: 602 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 603 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 604 60520090520: 606 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 607 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 608 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 609 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 610 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 611 61220090430: 613 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 614 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 615 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 616 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 617 correctly checking networking state from userland. 618 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 619 62020090429: 621 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 622 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 623 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 624 follows the IPv4 implementation. 625 626 For kernel developers: 627 628 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 629 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 630 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 631 632 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 633 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 634 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 635 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 636 637 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 638 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 639 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 640 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 641 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 642 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 643 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 644 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 645 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 646 multicast membership on-link. 647 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 648 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 649 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 650 651 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 652 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 653 stack. 654 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 655 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 656 semantics. 657 658 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 659 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 660 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 661 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 662 663 For application developers: 664 665 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 666 stack. 667 668 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 669 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 670 671 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 672 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 673 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 674 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 675 676 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 677 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 678 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 679 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 680 Multicast Source Filters'. 681 682 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 683 684 For systems administrators: 685 686 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 687 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 688 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 689 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 690 returned by getifaddrs(3). 691 692 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 693 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 694 695 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 696 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 697 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 698 recommended for optimal system performance. 699 700 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 701 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 702 back forwarded datagrams. 703 704 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 705 70620090422: 707 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 708 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 709 71020090419: 711 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 712 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 713 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 714 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 715 71620090415: 717 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 718 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 719 state will require a world rebuild. 720 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 721 72220090415: 723 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 724 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 725 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 726 72720090414: 728 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 729 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 730 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 731 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 732 load balancing. 733 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 734 73520090408: 736 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 737 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 738 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 739 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 740 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 741 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 742 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 743 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 744 74520090407: 746 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 747 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 748 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 749 75020090320: 751 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 752 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 753 introduces some changes: 754 755 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 756 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 757 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 758 759 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 760 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 761 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 762 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 763 764 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 765 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 766 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 767 the "386BSD" type). 768 769 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 770 77120090319: 772 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 773 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 774 (supported by sane). 775 77620090319: 777 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 778 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 779 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 780 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 781 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 782 78320090315: 784 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 785 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 786 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 787 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 788 used. 789 79020090313: 791 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 792 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 793 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 794 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 795 79620090313: 797 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 798 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 799 80020090309: 801 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 802 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 803 804 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 805 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 806 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 807 808 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 809 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 810 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 811 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 812 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 813 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 814 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 815 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 816 817 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 818 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 819 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 820 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 821 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 822 to preserve the existing behaviour. 823 824 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 825 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 826 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 827 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 828 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 829 830 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 831 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 832 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 833 via IGMP. 834 835 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 836 recompiled to reflect this. 837 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 838 83920090309: 840 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 841 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 842 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 843 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 844 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 845 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 846 84720090302: 848 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 849 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 850 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 851 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 852 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 853 raised to allow such segments to be created. 854 85520090301: 856 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 857 network device driver modules. 858 85920090227: 860 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 861 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 862 86320090223: 864 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 865 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 866 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 867 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 868 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 869 apply. 870 87120090217: 872 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 873 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 874 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 875 use the new name. 876 87720090216: 878 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 879 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 880 add 881 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 882 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 883 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 884 88520090215: 886 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 887 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 888 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 889 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 890 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 891 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 892 893 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 894 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 895 be used for this: 896 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 897 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 898 89920090209: 900 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 901 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 902 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 903 90420090203: 905 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 906 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 907 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 908 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 909 same interface. 910 91120090201: 912 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 913 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 914 91520090119: 916 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 917 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 918 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 919 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 920 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 921 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 922 92320090115: 924 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 925 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 926 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 927 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 928 92920081225: 930 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 931 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 932 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 933 in next mpd5.3 release. 934 93520081219: 936 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 937 the base system (it was a port). 938 93920081216: 940 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 941 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 942 94320081214: 944 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 945 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 946 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 947 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 948 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 949 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 950 none of the L2 information. 951 95220081130: 953 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 954 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 955 956 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 957 958 to their kernel config files when specifying: 959 960 device ath_hal 961 962 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 963 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 964 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 965 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 966 96720081121: 968 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 969 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 970 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 971 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 972 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 973 packets. 974 97520081117: 976 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 977 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 978 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 979 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 980 98120081028: 982 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 983 98420081009: 985 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 986 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 987 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 988 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 989 controller add the following to loader.conf: 990 991 uhci_load="YES" 992 ehci_load="YES" 993 99420081009: 995 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 996 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 997 sync. 998 99920081009: 1000 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1001 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1002 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1003 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1004 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1005 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1006 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1007 100820080820: 1009 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1010 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1011 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1012 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1013 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1014 1015 PCI/ISA: 1016 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1017 1018 USB: 1019 ubser, ucycom 1020 1021 Line disciplines: 1022 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1023 1024 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1025 cause compilation to fail. 1026 102720080818: 1028 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1029 103020080801: 1031 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1032 1033 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1034 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1035 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1036 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1037 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1038 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1039 accepting the RSA key. 1040 1041 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1042 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1043 command line. 1044 1045 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1046 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1047 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1048 behavior. 1049 105020080713: 1051 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1052 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1053 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1054 1055 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1056 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1057 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1058 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1059 use the new device names. 1060 1061 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1062 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1063 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1064 at the loader prompt: 1065 1066 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1067 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1068 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1069 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1070 boot -s 1071 107220080609: 1073 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1074 disks instead. 1075 107620080603: 1077 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1078 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1079 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1080 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1081 108220080525: 1083 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1084 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1085 108620080509: 1087 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1088 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1089 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1090 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1091 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1092 109320080420: 1094 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1095 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1096 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1097 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1098 For example, change: 1099 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1100 to 1101 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1102 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1103 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1104 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1105 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1106 1107 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1108 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1109 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1110 111120080408: 1112 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1113 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1114 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1115 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1116 other operation levels. 1117 111820080312: 1119 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1120 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1121 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1122 compatibility with any prior release: 1123 1124 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1125 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1126 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1127 112820080301: 1129 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1130 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1131 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1132 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1133 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1134 nonetheless. 1135 113620080229: 1137 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1138 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1139 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1140 with older hardware easier to do. 1141 114220080220: 1143 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1144 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1145 114620080211: 1147 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1148 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1149 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1150 firewall rules. 1151 115220080208: 1153 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1154 mbuf chains. 1155 115620080126: 1157 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1158 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1159 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1160 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1161 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1162 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1163 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1164 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1165 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1166 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1167 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1168 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1169 117020080123: 1171 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1172 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1173 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1174 117520071128: 1176 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1177 functionality is the default now. 1178 117920071118: 1180 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1181 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1182 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1183 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1184 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1185 1186 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1187 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1188 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1189 119020071024: 1191 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1192 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1193 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1194 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1195 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1196 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1197 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1198 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1199 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1200 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1201 however. 1202 120320071020: 1204 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1205 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1206 used kproc_start().. 1207 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1208 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1209 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1210 121120071010: 1212 RELENG_7 branched. 1213 1214COMMON ITEMS: 1215 1216 General Notes 1217 ------------- 1218 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1219 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1220 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1221 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1222 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1223 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1224 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1225 1226 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1227 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1228 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1229 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1230 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1231 1232 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1233 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1234 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1235 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1236 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1237 1238 ZFS notes 1239 --------- 1240 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1241 these two steps: 1242 1243 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1244 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1245 1246 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1247 1248 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1249 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1250 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1251 1252 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1253 1254 To build a kernel 1255 ----------------- 1256 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1257 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1258 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1259 1260 make kernel-toolchain 1261 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1262 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1263 1264 To test a kernel once 1265 --------------------- 1266 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1267 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1268 debugging information) run 1269 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1270 nextboot -k testkernel 1271 1272 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1273 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1274 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1275 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1276 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1277 1278 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1279 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1280 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1281 make depend 1282 make 1283 make install 1284 1285 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1286 1287 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1288 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1289 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1290 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1291 1292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1293 make buildworld 1294 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1295 [1] 1296 <reboot in single user> [3] 1297 mergemaster -p [5] 1298 make installworld 1299 mergemaster -i [4] 1300 make delete-old [6] 1301 <reboot> 1302 1303 1304 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1305 -------------------------------------------------- 1306 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1307 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1308 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1309 # size. 1310 1311 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1312 <boot into -stable> 1313 make buildworld 1314 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1315 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1316 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1317 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1318 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1319 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1320 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1321 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1322 <reboot into current> 1323 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1324 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1325 <reboot> 1326 1327 1328 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1329 ---------------------------------------------- 1330 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1331 make buildworld [9] 1332 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1333 [1] 1334 <reboot in single user> [3] 1335 mergemaster -p [5] 1336 make installworld 1337 mergemaster -i [4] 1338 make delete-old [6] 1339 <reboot> 1340 1341 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1342 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1343 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1344 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1345 the UPDATING entries. 1346 1347 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1348 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1349 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1350 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1351 much fewer pitfalls. 1352 1353 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1354 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1355 system on reboot. 1356 1357 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1358 fsck -p 1359 mount -u / 1360 mount -a 1361 cd src 1362 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1363 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1364 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1365 1366 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1367 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1368 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1369 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1370 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1371 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1372 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1373 1374 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1375 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1376 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1377 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1378 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1379 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1380 1381 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1382 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1383 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1384 1385 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1386 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1387 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1388 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1389 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1390 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1391 1392 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1393 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1394 1395 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1396 cvs prune empty directories. 1397 1398 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1399 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1400 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1401 1402 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1403 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1404 warn if it is improperly defined. 1405FORMAT: 1406 1407This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1408breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1409and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1410previous releases if your system is older than this. 1411 1412Copyright information: 1413 1414Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1415 1416Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1417modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1418document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1419 1420THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1421IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1422WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1423DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1424INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1425(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1426SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1427HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1428STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1429IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1430POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1431 1432Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1433this document. 1434 1435$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 222813 2011-06-07 08:46:13Z attilio $ 1436