UPDATING revision 197414
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090922: 26 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 27 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 28 2920090910: 30 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 31 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 32 3320090825: 34 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 35 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 36 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 37 is 1000. 38 3920090813: 40 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 41 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 42 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 43 4420090803: 45 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 46 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 47 4820090719: 49 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 50 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 51 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 52 5320090714: 54 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 55 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 56 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 57 5820090713: 59 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 60 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 61 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 62 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 63 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 64 6520090712: 66 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 67 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 68 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 69 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 70 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 71 7220090630: 73 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 74 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 75 may need to be adjusted. 76 7720090629: 78 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 79 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 80 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 81 with routing sockets. 82 8320090628: 84 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 85 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 86 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 87 8820090624: 89 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 90 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 91 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 92 800100. 93 9420090622: 95 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 96 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 97 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 98 9920090619: 100 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 101 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 102 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 103 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 104 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 105 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 106 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 107 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 108 109 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 110 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 111 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 112 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 113 authentication method is used. 114 11520090616: 116 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 117 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 118 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 119 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 120 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 121 12220090613: 123 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 124 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 125 12620090611: 127 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 128 be rebuilt. 129 13020090608: 131 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 132 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 133 13420090602: 135 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 136 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 137 13820090601: 139 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 140 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 141 re-compiled. 142 14320090601: 144 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 145 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 146 rebuilt. 147 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 148 14920090530: 150 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 151 more valid. 152 15320090530: 154 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 155 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 156 15720090529: 158 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 159 rebuilt. 160 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 161 16220090528: 163 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 164 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 165 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 166 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 167 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 168 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 169 17020090527: 171 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 172 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 173 17420090523: 175 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 176 need to be rebuilt. 177 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 178 17920090523: 180 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 181 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 182 18320090520: 184 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 185 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 186 18720090520: 188 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 189 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 190 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 191 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 192 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 193 19420090430: 195 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 196 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 197 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 198 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 199 correctly checking networking state from userland. 200 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 201 20220090429: 203 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 204 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 205 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 206 follows the IPv4 implementation. 207 208 For kernel developers: 209 210 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 211 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 212 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 213 214 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 215 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 216 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 217 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 218 219 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 220 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 221 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 222 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 223 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 224 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 225 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 226 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 227 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 228 multicast membership on-link. 229 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 230 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 231 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 232 233 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 234 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 235 stack. 236 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 237 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 238 semantics. 239 240 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 241 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 242 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 243 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 244 245 For application developers: 246 247 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 248 stack. 249 250 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 251 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 252 253 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 254 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 255 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 256 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 257 258 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 259 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 260 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 261 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 262 Multicast Source Filters'. 263 264 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 265 266 For systems administrators: 267 268 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 269 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 270 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 271 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 272 returned by getifaddrs(3). 273 274 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 275 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 276 277 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 278 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 279 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 280 recommended for optimal system performance. 281 282 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 283 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 284 back forwarded datagrams. 285 286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 287 28820090422: 289 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 290 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 291 29220090419: 293 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 294 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 295 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 296 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 297 29820090415: 299 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 300 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 301 state will require a world rebuild. 302 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 303 30420090415: 305 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 306 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 307 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 308 30920090414: 310 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 311 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 312 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 313 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 314 load balancing. 315 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 316 31720090408: 318 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 319 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 320 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 321 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 322 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 323 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 324 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 325 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 326 32720090407: 328 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 329 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 330 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 331 33220090320: 333 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 334 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 335 introduces some changes: 336 337 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 338 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 339 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 340 341 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 342 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 343 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 344 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 345 346 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 347 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 348 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 349 the "386BSD" type). 350 351 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 352 35320090319: 354 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 355 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 356 (supported by sane). 357 35820090319: 359 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 360 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 361 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 362 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 363 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 364 36520090315: 366 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 367 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 368 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 369 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 370 used. 371 37220090313: 373 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 374 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 375 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 376 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 377 37820090313: 379 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 380 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 381 38220090309: 383 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 384 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 385 386 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 387 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 388 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 389 390 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 391 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 392 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 393 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 394 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 395 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 396 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 397 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 398 399 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 400 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 401 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 402 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 403 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 404 to preserve the existing behaviour. 405 406 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 407 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 408 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 409 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 410 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 411 412 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 413 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 414 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 415 via IGMP. 416 417 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 418 recompiled to reflect this. 419 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 420 42120090309: 422 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 423 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 424 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 425 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 426 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 427 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 428 42920090302: 430 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 431 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 432 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 433 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 434 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 435 raised to allow such segments to be created. 436 43720090301: 438 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 439 network device driver modules. 440 44120090227: 442 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 443 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 444 44520090223: 446 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 447 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 448 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 449 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 450 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 451 apply. 452 45320090217: 454 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 455 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 456 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 457 use the new name. 458 45920090216: 460 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 461 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 462 add 463 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 464 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 465 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 466 46720090215: 468 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 469 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 470 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 471 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 472 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 473 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 474 475 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 476 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 477 be used for this: 478 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 479 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 480 48120090203: 482 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 483 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 484 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 485 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 486 same interface. 487 48820090201: 489 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 490 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 491 49220090119: 493 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 494 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 495 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 496 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 497 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 498 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 499 50020090115: 501 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 502 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 503 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 504 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 505 50620081225: 507 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 508 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 509 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 510 in next mpd5.3 release. 511 51220081219: 513 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 514 the base system (it was a port). 515 51620081216: 517 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 518 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 519 52020081214: 521 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 522 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 523 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 524 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 525 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 526 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 527 none of the L2 information. 528 52920081130: 530 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 531 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 532 533 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 534 535 to their kernel config files when specifying: 536 537 device ath_hal 538 539 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 540 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 541 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 542 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 543 54420081121: 545 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 546 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 547 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 548 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 549 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 550 packets. 551 55220081117: 553 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 554 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 555 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 556 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 557 55820081028: 559 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 560 56120081009: 562 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 563 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 564 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 565 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 566 controller add the following to loader.conf: 567 568 uhci_load="YES" 569 ehci_load="YES" 570 57120081009: 572 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 573 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 574 sync. 575 57620080820: 577 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 578 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 579 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 580 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 581 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 582 583 PCI/ISA: 584 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 585 586 USB: 587 ubser, ucycom 588 589 Line disciplines: 590 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 591 592 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 593 cause compilation to fail. 594 59520080818: 596 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 597 59820080801: 599 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 600 601 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 602 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 603 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 604 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 605 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 606 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 607 accepting the RSA key. 608 609 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 610 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 611 command line. 612 613 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 614 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 615 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 616 behavior. 617 61820080713: 619 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 620 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 621 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 622 623 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 624 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 625 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 626 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 627 use the new device names. 628 629 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 630 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 631 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 632 at the loader prompt: 633 634 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 635 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 636 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 637 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 638 boot -s 639 64020080609: 641 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 642 disks instead. 643 64420080603: 645 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 646 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 647 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 648 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 649 65020080525: 651 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 652 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 653 65420080509: 655 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 656 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 657 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 658 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 659 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 660 66120080420: 662 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 663 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 664 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 665 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 666 For example, change: 667 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 668 to 669 wlans_ath0=wlan0 670 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 671 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 672 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 673 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 674 675 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 676 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 677 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 678 67920080408: 680 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 681 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 682 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 683 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 684 other operation levels. 685 68620080312: 687 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 688 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 689 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 690 compatibility with any prior release: 691 692 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 693 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 694 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 695 69620080301: 697 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 698 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 699 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 700 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 701 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 702 nonetheless. 703 70420080229: 705 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 706 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 707 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 708 with older hardware easier to do. 709 71020080220: 711 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 712 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 713 71420080211: 715 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 716 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 717 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 718 firewall rules. 719 72020080208: 721 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 722 mbuf chains. 723 72420080126: 725 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 726 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 727 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 728 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 729 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 730 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 731 third-party software might fail to build after this change 732 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 733 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 734 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 735 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 736 case that a portable fix is impossible. 737 73820080123: 739 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 740 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 741 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 742 74320071128: 744 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 745 functionality is the default now. 746 74720071118: 748 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 749 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 750 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 751 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 752 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 753 754 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 755 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 756 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 757 75820071024: 759 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 760 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 761 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 762 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 763 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 764 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 765 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 766 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 767 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 768 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 769 however. 770 77120071020: 772 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 773 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 774 used kproc_start().. 775 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 776 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 777 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 778 77920071010: 780 RELENG_7 branched. 781 782COMMON ITEMS: 783 784 General Notes 785 ------------- 786 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 787 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 788 -j, please try again wtihout -j. From time to time in the past there 789 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 790 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 791 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 792 several months have passed on the -current branch). 793 794 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 795 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 796 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 797 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 798 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 799 800 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 801 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 802 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 803 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 804 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 805 806 To build a kernel 807 ----------------- 808 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 809 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 810 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 811 812 make kernel-toolchain 813 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 814 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 815 816 To test a kernel once 817 --------------------- 818 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 819 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 820 debugging information) run 821 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 822 nextboot -k testkernel 823 824 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 825 -------------------------------------------------------------- 826 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 827 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 828 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 829 830 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 831 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 832 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 833 make depend 834 make 835 make install 836 837 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 838 839 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 840 ----------------------------------------------------------- 841 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 842 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 843 844 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 845 make buildworld 846 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 847 [1] 848 <reboot in single user> [3] 849 mergemaster -p [5] 850 make installworld 851 make delete-old 852 mergemaster [4] 853 <reboot> 854 855 856 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 857 -------------------------------------------------- 858 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 859 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 860 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 861 # size. 862 863 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 864 <boot into -stable> 865 make buildworld 866 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 867 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 868 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 869 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 870 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 871 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 872 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 873 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 874 <reboot into current> 875 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 876 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 877 <reboot> 878 879 880 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 881 ---------------------------------------------- 882 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 883 make buildworld [9] 884 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 885 [1] 886 <reboot in single user> [3] 887 mergemaster -p [5] 888 make installworld 889 make delete-old 890 mergemaster -i [4] 891 <reboot> 892 893 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 894 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 895 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 896 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 897 the UPDATING entries. 898 899 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 900 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 901 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 902 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 903 much fewer pitfalls. 904 905 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 906 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 907 system on reboot. 908 909 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 910 fsck -p 911 mount -u / 912 mount -a 913 cd src 914 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 915 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 916 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 917 918 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 919 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 920 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 921 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 922 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 923 for potential gotchas. 924 925 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 926 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 927 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 928 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 929 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 930 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 931 932 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 933 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 934 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 935 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 936 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 937 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 938 939 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 940 last time you updated your kernel config file. 941 942 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 943 cvs prune empty directories. 944 945 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 946 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 947 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 948 949 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 950 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 951 warn if it is improperly defined. 952FORMAT: 953 954This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 955breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 956and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 957previous releases if your system is older than this. 958 959Copyright information: 960 961Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 962 963Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 964modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 965document are permitted without further permission from the author. 966 967THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 968IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 969WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 970DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 971INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 972(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 973SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 974HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 975STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 976IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 977POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 978 979Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 980this document. 981 982$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 197414 2009-09-22 18:19:18Z rpaulo $ 983