UPDATING revision 197201
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090910: 26 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 27 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 28 2920090825: 30 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 31 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 32 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 33 is 1000. 34 3520090813: 36 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 37 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 38 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 39 4020090803: 41 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 42 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 43 4420090719: 45 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 46 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 47 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 48 4920090714: 50 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 51 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 52 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 53 5420090713: 55 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 56 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 57 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 58 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 59 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 60 6120090712: 62 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 63 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 64 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 65 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 66 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 67 6820090630: 69 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 70 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 71 may need to be adjusted. 72 7320090629: 74 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 75 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 76 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 77 with routing sockets. 78 7920090628: 80 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 81 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 82 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 83 8420090624: 85 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 86 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 87 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 88 800100. 89 9020090622: 91 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 92 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 93 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 94 9520090619: 96 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 97 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 98 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 99 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 100 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 101 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 102 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 103 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 104 105 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 106 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 107 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 108 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 109 authentication method is used. 110 11120090616: 112 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 113 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 114 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 115 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 116 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 117 11820090613: 119 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 120 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 121 12220090611: 123 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 124 be rebuilt. 125 12620090608: 127 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 128 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 129 13020090602: 131 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 132 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 133 13420090601: 135 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 136 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 137 re-compiled. 138 13920090601: 140 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 141 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 142 rebuilt. 143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 144 14520090530: 146 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 147 more valid. 148 14920090530: 150 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 151 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 152 15320090529: 154 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 155 rebuilt. 156 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 157 15820090528: 159 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 160 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 161 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 162 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 163 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 164 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 165 16620090527: 167 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 168 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 169 17020090523: 171 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 172 need to be rebuilt. 173 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 174 17520090523: 176 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 177 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 178 17920090520: 180 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 181 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 182 18320090520: 184 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 185 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 186 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 187 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 188 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 189 19020090430: 191 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 192 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 193 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 194 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 195 correctly checking networking state from userland. 196 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 197 19820090429: 199 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 200 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 201 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 202 follows the IPv4 implementation. 203 204 For kernel developers: 205 206 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 207 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 208 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 209 210 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 211 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 212 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 213 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 214 215 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 216 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 217 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 218 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 219 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 220 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 221 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 222 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 223 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 224 multicast membership on-link. 225 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 226 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 227 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 228 229 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 230 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 231 stack. 232 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 233 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 234 semantics. 235 236 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 237 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 238 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 239 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 240 241 For application developers: 242 243 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 244 stack. 245 246 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 247 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 248 249 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 250 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 251 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 252 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 253 254 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 255 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 256 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 257 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 258 Multicast Source Filters'. 259 260 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 261 262 For systems administrators: 263 264 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 265 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 266 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 267 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 268 returned by getifaddrs(3). 269 270 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 271 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 272 273 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 274 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 275 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 276 recommended for optimal system performance. 277 278 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 279 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 280 back forwarded datagrams. 281 282 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 283 28420090422: 285 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 287 28820090419: 289 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 290 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 291 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 292 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 293 29420090415: 295 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 296 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 297 state will require a world rebuild. 298 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 299 30020090415: 301 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 302 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 303 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 304 30520090414: 306 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 307 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 308 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 309 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 310 load balancing. 311 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 312 31320090408: 314 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 315 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 316 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 317 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 318 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 319 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 320 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 321 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 322 32320090407: 324 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 325 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 326 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 327 32820090320: 329 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 330 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 331 introduces some changes: 332 333 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 334 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 335 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 336 337 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 338 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 339 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 340 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 341 342 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 343 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 344 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 345 the "386BSD" type). 346 347 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 348 34920090319: 350 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 351 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 352 (supported by sane). 353 35420090319: 355 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 356 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 357 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 358 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 359 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 360 36120090315: 362 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 363 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 364 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 365 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 366 used. 367 36820090313: 369 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 370 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 371 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 372 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 373 37420090313: 375 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 376 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 377 37820090309: 379 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 380 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 381 382 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 383 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 384 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 385 386 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 387 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 388 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 389 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 390 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 391 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 392 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 393 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 394 395 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 396 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 397 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 398 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 399 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 400 to preserve the existing behaviour. 401 402 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 403 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 404 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 405 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 406 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 407 408 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 409 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 410 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 411 via IGMP. 412 413 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 414 recompiled to reflect this. 415 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 416 41720090309: 418 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 419 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 420 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 421 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 422 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 423 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 424 42520090302: 426 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 427 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 428 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 429 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 430 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 431 raised to allow such segments to be created. 432 43320090301: 434 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 435 network device driver modules. 436 43720090227: 438 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 439 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 440 44120090223: 442 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 443 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 444 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 445 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 446 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 447 apply. 448 44920090217: 450 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 451 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 452 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 453 use the new name. 454 45520090216: 456 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 457 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 458 add 459 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 460 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 461 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 462 46320090215: 464 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 465 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 466 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 467 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 468 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 469 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 470 471 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 472 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 473 be used for this: 474 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 475 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 476 47720090203: 478 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 479 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 480 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 481 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 482 same interface. 483 48420090201: 485 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 486 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 487 48820090119: 489 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 490 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 491 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 492 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 493 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 494 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 495 49620090115: 497 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 498 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 499 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 500 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 501 50220081225: 503 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 504 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 505 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 506 in next mpd5.3 release. 507 50820081219: 509 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 510 the base system (it was a port). 511 51220081216: 513 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 514 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 515 51620081214: 517 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 518 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 519 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 520 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 521 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 522 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 523 none of the L2 information. 524 52520081130: 526 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 527 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 528 529 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 530 531 to their kernel config files when specifying: 532 533 device ath_hal 534 535 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 536 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 537 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 538 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 539 54020081121: 541 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 542 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 543 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 544 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 545 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 546 packets. 547 54820081117: 549 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 550 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 551 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 552 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 553 55420081028: 555 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 556 55720081009: 558 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 559 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 560 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 561 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 562 controller add the following to loader.conf: 563 564 uhci_load="YES" 565 ehci_load="YES" 566 56720081009: 568 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 569 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 570 sync. 571 57220080820: 573 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 574 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 575 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 576 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 577 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 578 579 PCI/ISA: 580 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 581 582 USB: 583 ubser, ucycom 584 585 Line disciplines: 586 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 587 588 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 589 cause compilation to fail. 590 59120080818: 592 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 593 59420080801: 595 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 596 597 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 598 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 599 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 600 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 601 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 602 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 603 accepting the RSA key. 604 605 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 606 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 607 command line. 608 609 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 610 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 611 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 612 behavior. 613 61420080713: 615 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 616 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 617 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 618 619 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 620 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 621 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 622 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 623 use the new device names. 624 625 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 626 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 627 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 628 at the loader prompt: 629 630 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 631 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 632 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 633 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 634 boot -s 635 63620080609: 637 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 638 disks instead. 639 64020080603: 641 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 642 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 643 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 644 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 645 64620080525: 647 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 648 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 649 65020080509: 651 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 652 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 653 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 654 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 655 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 656 65720080420: 658 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 659 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 660 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 661 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 662 For example, change: 663 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 664 to 665 wlans_ath0=wlan0 666 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 667 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 668 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 669 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 670 671 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 672 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 673 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 674 67520080408: 676 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 677 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 678 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 679 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 680 other operation levels. 681 68220080312: 683 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 684 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 685 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 686 compatibility with any prior release: 687 688 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 689 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 690 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 691 69220080301: 693 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 694 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 695 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 696 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 697 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 698 nonetheless. 699 70020080229: 701 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 702 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 703 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 704 with older hardware easier to do. 705 70620080220: 707 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 708 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 709 71020080211: 711 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 712 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 713 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 714 firewall rules. 715 71620080208: 717 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 718 mbuf chains. 719 72020080126: 721 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 722 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 723 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 724 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 725 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 726 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 727 third-party software might fail to build after this change 728 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 729 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 730 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 731 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 732 case that a portable fix is impossible. 733 73420080123: 735 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 736 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 737 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 738 73920071128: 740 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 741 functionality is the default now. 742 74320071118: 744 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 745 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 746 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 747 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 748 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 749 750 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 751 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 752 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 753 75420071024: 755 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 756 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 757 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 758 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 759 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 760 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 761 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 762 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 763 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 764 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 765 however. 766 76720071020: 768 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 769 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 770 used kproc_start().. 771 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 772 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 773 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 774 77520071010: 776 RELENG_7 branched. 777 778COMMON ITEMS: 779 780 General Notes 781 ------------- 782 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 783 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 784 -j, please try again wtihout -j. From time to time in the past there 785 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 786 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 787 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 788 several months have passed on the -current branch). 789 790 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 791 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 792 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 793 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 794 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 795 796 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 797 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 798 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 799 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 800 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 801 802 To build a kernel 803 ----------------- 804 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 805 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 806 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 807 808 make kernel-toolchain 809 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 810 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 811 812 To test a kernel once 813 --------------------- 814 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 815 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 816 debugging information) run 817 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 818 nextboot -k testkernel 819 820 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 821 -------------------------------------------------------------- 822 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 823 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 824 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 825 826 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 827 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 828 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 829 make depend 830 make 831 make install 832 833 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 834 835 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 836 ----------------------------------------------------------- 837 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 838 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 839 840 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 841 make buildworld 842 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 843 [1] 844 <reboot in single user> [3] 845 mergemaster -p [5] 846 make installworld 847 make delete-old 848 mergemaster [4] 849 <reboot> 850 851 852 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 853 -------------------------------------------------- 854 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 855 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 856 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 857 # size. 858 859 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 860 <boot into -stable> 861 make buildworld 862 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 863 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 864 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 865 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 866 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 867 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 868 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 869 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 870 <reboot into current> 871 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 872 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 873 <reboot> 874 875 876 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 877 ---------------------------------------------- 878 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 879 make buildworld [9] 880 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 881 [1] 882 <reboot in single user> [3] 883 mergemaster -p [5] 884 make installworld 885 make delete-old 886 mergemaster -i [4] 887 <reboot> 888 889 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 890 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 891 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 892 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 893 the UPDATING entries. 894 895 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 896 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 897 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 898 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 899 much fewer pitfalls. 900 901 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 902 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 903 system on reboot. 904 905 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 906 fsck -p 907 mount -u / 908 mount -a 909 cd src 910 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 911 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 912 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 913 914 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 915 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 916 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 917 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 918 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 919 for potential gotchas. 920 921 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 922 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 923 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 924 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 925 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 926 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 927 928 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 929 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 930 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 931 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 932 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 933 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 934 935 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 936 last time you updated your kernel config file. 937 938 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 939 cvs prune empty directories. 940 941 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 942 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 943 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 944 945 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 946 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 947 warn if it is improperly defined. 948FORMAT: 949 950This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 951breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 952and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 953previous releases if your system is older than this. 954 955Copyright information: 956 957Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 958 959Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 960modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 961document are permitted without further permission from the author. 962 963THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 964IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 965WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 966DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 967INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 968(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 969SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 970HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 971STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 972IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 973POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 974 975Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 976this document. 977 978$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 197201 2009-09-14 21:10:40Z pjd $ 979