UPDATING revision 195175
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090629: 26 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have 27 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal 28 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can 29 generally be replaced with routing sockets. 30 3120090628: 32 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project 33 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by 34 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd 35 directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 36 3720090624: 38 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have 39 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] kernel 40 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version 41 to 800100. 42 4320090622: 44 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables 45 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be 46 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 47 4820090619: 49 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 50 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per 51 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more 52 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call 53 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage. 54 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be 55 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays 56 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of 57 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 58 59 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of 60 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 61 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not 62 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable 63 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used. 64 6520090616: 66 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. 67 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 68 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the 69 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to 70 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode. 71 7220090613: 73 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO 74 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be 75 rebuilt. 76 7720090611: 78 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules 79 need to be rebuilt. 80 8120090608: 82 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has 83 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. 84 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 85 8620090602: 87 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 88 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 89 9020090601: 91 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries 92 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to 93 be re-compiled. 94 9520090601: 96 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 97 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 98 rebuilt. 99 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 100 10120090530: 102 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose 103 is no more valid. 104 10520090530: 106 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 107 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 108 10920090529: 110 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules 111 need to be rebuilt. 112 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 113 11420090528: 115 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 116 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 117 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 118 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag 119 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 120 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 121 12220090527: 123 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 124 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 125 12620090523: 127 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 128 need to be rebuilt. 129 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 130 13120090523: 132 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the 133 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created 134 data to /etc/localtime. 135 13620090520: 137 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 138 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 139 14020090520: 141 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's 142 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support 143 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No 144 user-visible data structures were changed but applications 145 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 146 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 147 14820090430: 149 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 150 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 151 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 152 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 153 correctly checking networking state from userland. 154 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 155 15620090429: 157 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 158 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 159 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 160 follows the IPv4 implementation. 161 162 For kernel developers: 163 164 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 165 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 166 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 167 168 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 169 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 170 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 171 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 172 173 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 174 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 175 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 176 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 177 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 178 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 179 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 180 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 181 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 182 multicast membership on-link. 183 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 184 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 185 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 186 187 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 188 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 189 stack. 190 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 191 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 192 semantics. 193 194 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 195 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 196 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 197 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 198 199 For application developers: 200 201 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 202 stack. 203 204 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 205 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 206 207 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 208 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 209 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 210 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 211 212 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 213 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 214 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 215 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 216 Multicast Source Filters'. 217 218 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 219 220 For systems administrators: 221 222 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 223 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 224 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 225 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 226 returned by getifaddrs(3). 227 228 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 229 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 230 231 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 232 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 233 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 234 recommended for optimal system performance. 235 236 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 237 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 238 back forwarded datagrams. 239 240 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 241 24220090422: 243 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 244 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 245 24620090419: 247 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 248 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 249 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 250 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 251 25220090415: 253 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 254 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 255 state will require a world rebuild. 256 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 257 25820090415: 259 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 260 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 261 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 262 26320090414: 264 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 265 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 266 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 267 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 268 load balancing. 269 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 270 27120090408: 272 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 273 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 274 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 275 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 276 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 277 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 278 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 279 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 280 28120090407: 282 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 283 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 284 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 285 28620090320: 287 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 288 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 289 introduces some changes: 290 291 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 292 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 293 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 294 295 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 296 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 297 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 298 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 299 300 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 301 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 302 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 303 the "386BSD" type). 304 305 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 306 30720090319: 308 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 309 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 310 (supported by sane). 311 31220090319: 313 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 314 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 315 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 316 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 317 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 318 31920090315: 320 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 321 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 322 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 323 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 324 used. 325 32620090313: 327 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 328 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 329 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 330 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 331 33220090313: 333 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 334 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 335 33620090309: 337 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 338 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 339 340 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 341 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 342 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 343 344 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 345 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 346 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 347 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 348 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 349 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 350 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 351 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 352 353 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 354 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 355 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 356 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 357 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 358 to preserve the existing behaviour. 359 360 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 361 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 362 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 363 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 364 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 365 366 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 367 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 368 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 369 via IGMP. 370 371 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 372 recompiled to reflect this. 373 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 374 37520090309: 376 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 377 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 378 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 379 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 380 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 381 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 382 38320090302: 384 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 385 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 386 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 387 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 388 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 389 raised to allow such segments to be created. 390 39120090301: 392 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 393 network device driver modules. 394 39520090227: 396 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 397 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 398 39920090223: 400 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 401 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 402 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 403 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 404 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 405 apply. 406 40720090217: 408 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 409 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 410 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 411 use the new name. 412 41320090216: 414 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 415 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 416 add 417 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 418 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 419 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 420 42120090215: 422 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 423 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 424 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 425 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 426 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 427 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 428 429 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 430 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 431 be used for this: 432 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 433 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 434 43520090203: 436 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 437 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 438 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 439 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 440 same interface. 441 44220090201: 443 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 444 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 445 44620090119: 447 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 448 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 449 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 450 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 451 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 452 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 453 45420090115: 455 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 456 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 457 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 458 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 459 46020081225: 461 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 462 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 463 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 464 in next mpd5.3 release. 465 46620081219: 467 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 468 the base system (it was a port). 469 47020081216: 471 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 472 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 473 47420081214: 475 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 476 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 477 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 478 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 479 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 480 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 481 none of the L2 information. 482 48320081130: 484 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 485 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 486 487 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 488 489 to their kernel config files when specifying: 490 491 device ath_hal 492 493 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 494 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 495 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 496 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 497 49820081121: 499 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 500 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 501 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 502 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 503 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 504 packets. 505 50620081117: 507 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 508 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 509 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 510 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 511 51220081028: 513 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 514 51520081009: 516 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 517 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 518 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 519 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 520 controller add the following to loader.conf: 521 522 uhci_load="YES" 523 ehci_load="YES" 524 52520081009: 526 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 527 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 528 sync. 529 53020080820: 531 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 532 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 533 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 534 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 535 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 536 537 PCI/ISA: 538 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 539 540 USB: 541 ubser, ucycom 542 543 Line disciplines: 544 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 545 546 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 547 cause compilation to fail. 548 54920080818: 550 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 551 55220080801: 553 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 554 555 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 556 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 557 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 558 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 559 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 560 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 561 accepting the RSA key. 562 563 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 564 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 565 command line. 566 567 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 568 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 569 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 570 behavior. 571 57220080713: 573 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 574 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 575 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 576 577 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 578 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 579 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 580 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 581 use the new device names. 582 583 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 584 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 585 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 586 at the loader prompt: 587 588 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 589 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 590 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 591 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 592 boot -s 593 59420080609: 595 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 596 disks instead. 597 59820080603: 599 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 600 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 601 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 602 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 603 60420080525: 605 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 606 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 607 60820080509: 609 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 610 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 611 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 612 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 613 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 614 61520080420: 616 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 617 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 618 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 619 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 620 For example, change: 621 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 622 to 623 wlans_ath0=wlan0 624 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 625 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 626 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 627 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 628 629 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 630 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 631 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 632 63320080408: 634 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 635 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 636 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 637 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 638 other operation levels. 639 64020080312: 641 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 642 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 643 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 644 compatibility with any prior release: 645 646 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 647 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 648 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 649 65020080301: 651 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 652 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 653 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 654 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 655 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 656 nonetheless. 657 65820080229: 659 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 660 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 661 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 662 with older hardware easier to do. 663 66420080220: 665 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 666 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 667 66820080211: 669 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 670 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 671 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 672 firewall rules. 673 67420080208: 675 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 676 mbuf chains. 677 67820080126: 679 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 680 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 681 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 682 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 683 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 684 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 685 third-party software might fail to build after this change 686 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 687 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 688 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 689 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 690 case that a portable fix is impossible. 691 69220080123: 693 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 694 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 695 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 696 69720071128: 698 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 699 functionality is the default now. 700 70120071118: 702 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 703 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 704 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 705 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 706 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 707 708 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 709 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 710 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 711 71220071024: 713 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 714 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 715 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 716 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 717 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 718 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 719 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 720 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 721 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 722 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 723 however. 724 72520071020: 726 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 727 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 728 used kproc_start().. 729 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 730 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 731 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 732 73320071010: 734 RELENG_7 branched. 735 73620071009: 737 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 738 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 739 74020070930: 741 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 742 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 743 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 744 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 745 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 746 74720070928: 748 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 749 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 750 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 751 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 752 rc.conf. 753 75420070921: 755 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 756 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 757 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 758 75920070704: 760 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 761 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 762 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 763 76420070702: 765 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 766 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 767 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 768 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 769 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 770 77120070701: 772 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 773 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 774 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 775 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 776 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 777 will change after some settling time. 778 77920070701: 780 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 781 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 782 information. 783 78420070612: 785 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 786 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 787 accordingly. 788 78920070612: 790 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 791 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 792 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 793 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 794 79520070612: 796 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 797 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 798 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 799 the IPv4 network stack. 800 801 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 802 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 803 has now been removed. 804 805 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 806 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 807 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 808 updated to reflect this. 809 810 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 811 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 812 interfaces. 813 81420070610: 815 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 816 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 817 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 818 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 819 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 820 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 821 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 822 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 823 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 824 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 825 operating properly. 826 82720070610: 828 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 829 function and starts providing an account management function. 830 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 831 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 832 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 833 834 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 835 836 and change it according to this example: 837 838 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 839 840 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 841 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 842 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 843 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 844 84520070529: 846 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 847 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 848 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 849 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 850 85120070516: 852 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 853 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 854 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 855 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 856 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 857 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 858 symbol. 859 86020070513: 861 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 862 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 863 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 864 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 865 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 866 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 867 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 868 869 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 870 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 871 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 872 87320070423: 874 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 875 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 876 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 877 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 878 87920070417: 880 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 881 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 882 88320070408: 884 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 885 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 886 base operating system should be recompiled. 887 88820070302: 889 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 890 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 891 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 892 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 893 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 894 89520070228: 896 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 897 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 898 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 899 deprecated in previous releases. 900 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 901 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 902 90320070224: 904 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 905 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 906 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 907 sync. For more info: 908 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 909 91020070224: 911 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 912 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 913 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 914 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 915 91620070214: 917 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 918 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 919 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 920 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 921 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 922 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 923 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 924 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 925 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 926 92720070210: 928 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 929 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 930 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 931 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 932 ip_mroute.ko module. 933 93420070207: 935 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 936 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 937 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 938 mrouted.conf. 939 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 940 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 941 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 942 94320061221: 944 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 945 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 946 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 947 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 948 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 949 in the loader. 950 95120061214: 952 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 953 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 954 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 955 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 956 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 957 95820061214: 959 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 960 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 961 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 962 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 963 96420061205: 965 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 966 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 967 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 968 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 969 linux module. 970 97120061126: 972 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 973 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 974 with exceptions of followings: 975 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 976 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 977 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 978 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 979 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 980 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 981 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 982 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 983 98420061122: 985 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 986 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 987 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 988 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 989 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 990 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 991 992 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 993 994 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 995 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 996 the array the same way you built it originally. 997 99820061122: 999 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 1000 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 1001 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 1002 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 1003 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 1004 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 1005 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 1006 100720061113: 1008 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 1009 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 1010 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 1011 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 1012 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 1013 101420061110: 1015 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 1016 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 1017 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 1018 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 1019 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 1020 102120061026: 1022 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 1023 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 1024 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 1025 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 1026 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 1027 added to 'struct proc'. 1028 102920060929: 1030 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 1031 103220060927: 1033 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 1034 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 1035 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 1036 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 1037 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 1038 103920060924: 1040 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 1041 104220060913: 1043 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 1044 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 1045 systat needs to be rebuilt. 1046 104720060903: 1048 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 1049 105020060816: 1051 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 1052 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 1053 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 1054 105520060725: 1056 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 1057 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 1058 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 1059 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 1060 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 1061 106220060709: 1063 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 1064 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 1065 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 1066 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 1067 106820060627: 1069 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 1070 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 1071 accordingly. 1072 107320060514: 1074 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 1075 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 1076 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 1077 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 1078 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 1079 108020060511: 1081 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 1082 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 1083 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 1084 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 1085 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 1086 `make installworld' with: 1087 1088 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 1089 1090 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 1091 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 1092 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 1093 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 1094 109520060412: 1096 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 1097 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 1098 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 1099 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 1100 rewrite rules. 1101 110220060428: 1103 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 1104 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 1105 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 1106 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 1107 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 1108 implements the interface to support it. 1109 111020060330: 1111 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 1112 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 1113 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 1114 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 1115 functional. 1116 111720060317: 1118 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 1119 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 1120 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 1121 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 1122 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 1123 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 1124 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 1125 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 1126 likely follow. Posting to current@: 1127 1128 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 1129 113020060305: 1131 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 1132 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 1133 113420060303: 1135 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 1136 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 1137 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 1138 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 1139 its dependencies. 1140 114120060204: 1142 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 1143 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 1144 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 1145 114620060201: 1147 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 1148 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 1149 115020060118: 1151 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 1152 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 1153 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 1154 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 1155 on your next install. 1156 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 1157 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 1158 to your /etc/make.conf. 1159 116020060113: 1161 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 1162 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 1163 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 1164 116520060112: 1166 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 1167 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 1168 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 1169 117020060106: 1171 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 1172 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 1173 117420060106: 1175 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 1176 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 1177 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 1178 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 1179 118020051231: 1181 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 1182 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 1183 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 1184 118520051211: 1186 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 1187 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 1188 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 1189 accordingly. 1190 119120051202: 1192 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 1193 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 1194 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 1195 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 1196 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 1197 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 1198 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 1199 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 1200 120120051129: 1202 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 1203 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 1204 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 1205 120620051129: 1207 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 1208 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 1209 121020051108: 1211 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 1212 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 1213 121420051029: 1215 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 1216 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 1217 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 1218 121920051014: 1220 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 1221 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 1222 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 1223 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 1224 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 1225 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 1226 modules afterwards. 1227 122820051001: 1229 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1230 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1231 123220050927: 1233 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1234 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1235 123620050722: 1237 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1238 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1239 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1240 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1241 architecture. 1242 124320050711: 1244 RELENG_6 branched here. 1245 124620050629: 1247 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1248 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1249 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1250 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1251 removable_interfaces. 1252 125320050616: 1254 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1255 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1256 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1257 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1258 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1259 affect existing configurations. 1260 126120050610: 1262 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1263 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1264 updated to the new APIs. 1265 126620050609: 1267 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1268 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1269 will not behave correctly. 1270 1271 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1272 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1273 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1274 127520050606: 1276 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1277 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1278 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1279 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1280 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1281 1282 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1283 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1284 anyway). 1285 128620050605: 1287 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1288 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1289 129020050603: 1291 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1292 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1293 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1294 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1295 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1296 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1297 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1298 129920050528: 1300 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1301 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1302 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1303 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1304 130520050503: 1306 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1307 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1308 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1309 131020050415: 1311 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1312 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1313 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1314 should be updated. 1315 131620050227: 1317 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1318 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1319 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1320 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1321 132220050225: 1323 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1324 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1325 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1326 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1327 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1328 none at this point.) 1329 133020050224: 1331 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1332 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1333 133420050223: 1335 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1336 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1337 with the new kernel. 1338 133920050223: 1340 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1341 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1342 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1343 134420050220: 1345 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1346 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1347 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1348 if you have updated the kernel. 1349 1350 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1351 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1352 mounting the new volume. 1353 135420050206: 1355 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1356 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1357 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1358 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1359 136020050206: 1361 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1362 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1363 136420050114: 1365 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1366 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1367 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1368 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1369 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1370 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1371 137220041221: 1373 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1374 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1375 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1376 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1377 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1378 137920041219: 1380 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1381 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1382 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1383 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1384 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1385 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1386 and wlan_xauth as required. 1387 138820041213: 1389 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1390 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1391 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1392 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1393 reflect the change. 1394 139520041201: 1396 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1397 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1398 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1399 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1400 the module when a wep key is configured). 1401 140220041201: 1403 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1404 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1405 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1406 140720041116: 1408 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1409 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1410 141120041110: 1412 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1413 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1414 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1415 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1416 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1417 their /etc/rc scripts. 1418 141920041104: 1420 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1421 142220041102: 1423 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1424 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1425 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1426 142720041022: 1428 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1429 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1430 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1431 143220041016: 1433 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1434 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1435 1436COMMON ITEMS: 1437 1438 General Notes 1439 ------------- 1440 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1441 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1442 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1443 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1444 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1445 on the -current branch). 1446 1447 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1448 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1449 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1450 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1451 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1452 page for more details. 1453 1454 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1455 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1456 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1457 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1458 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1459 version upgrade. 1460 1461 To build a kernel 1462 ----------------- 1463 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1464 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1465 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1466 1467 make kernel-toolchain 1468 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1469 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1470 1471 To test a kernel once 1472 --------------------- 1473 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1474 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1475 debugging information) run 1476 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1477 nextboot -k testkernel 1478 1479 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1480 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1481 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1482 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1483 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1484 1485 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1486 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1487 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1488 make depend 1489 make 1490 make install 1491 1492 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1493 1494 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1495 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1496 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1497 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1498 1499 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1500 make buildworld 1501 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1502 [1] 1503 <reboot in single user> [3] 1504 mergemaster -p [5] 1505 make installworld 1506 make delete-old 1507 mergemaster [4] 1508 <reboot> 1509 1510 1511 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1512 -------------------------------------------------- 1513 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1514 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1515 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1516 # size. 1517 1518 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1519 <boot into -stable> 1520 make buildworld 1521 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1522 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1523 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1524 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1525 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1526 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1527 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1528 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1529 <reboot into current> 1530 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1531 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1532 <reboot> 1533 1534 1535 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1536 ---------------------------------------------- 1537 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1538 make buildworld [9] 1539 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1540 [1] 1541 <reboot in single user> [3] 1542 mergemaster -p [5] 1543 make installworld 1544 make delete-old 1545 mergemaster -i [4] 1546 <reboot> 1547 1548 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1549 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1550 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1551 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1552 the UPDATING entries. 1553 1554 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1555 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1556 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1557 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1558 much fewer pitfalls. 1559 1560 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1561 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1562 system on reboot. 1563 1564 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1565 fsck -p 1566 mount -u / 1567 mount -a 1568 cd src 1569 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1570 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1571 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1572 1573 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1574 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1575 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1576 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1577 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1578 for potential gotchas. 1579 1580 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1581 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1582 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1583 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1584 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1585 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1586 1587 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1588 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1589 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1590 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1591 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1592 1593 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1594 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1595 1596 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1597 cvs prune empty directories. 1598 1599 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1600 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1601 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1602 1603 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1604 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1605 warn if it is improperly defined. 1606FORMAT: 1607 1608This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1609breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1610and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1611previous releases if your system is older than this. 1612 1613Copyright information: 1614 1615Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1616 1617Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1618modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1619document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1620 1621THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1622IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1623WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1624DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1625INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1626(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1627SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1628HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1629STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1630IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1631POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1632 1633If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1634author a beer. 1635 1636Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1637this document. 1638 1639$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 195175 2009-06-29 19:46:29Z brooks $ 1640