UPDATING revision 193731
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090608: 26 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has 27 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. 28 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 29 3020090602: 31 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 32 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 33 3420090601: 35 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries 36 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to 37 be re-compiled. 38 3920090601: 40 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 41 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 42 rebuilt. 43 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 44 4520090531: 46 For those who use ipfw and especially pf, those two firewalls 47 are now started BEFORE the network is initialized (i.e., before 48 rc.d/netif). Please review your rules to make sure that your 49 interfaces will be properly described. 50 5120090530: 52 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose 53 is no more valid. 54 5520090530: 56 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 57 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 58 5920090529: 60 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules 61 need to be rebuilt. 62 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 63 6420090528: 65 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 66 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 67 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 68 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag 69 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 70 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 71 7220090527: 73 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 74 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 75 7620090523: 77 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 78 need to be rebuilt. 79 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 80 8120090523: 82 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the 83 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created 84 data to /etc/localtime. 85 8620090520: 87 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 88 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 89 9020090520: 91 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's 92 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support 93 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No 94 user-visible data structures were changed but applications 95 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 96 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 97 9820090430: 99 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 100 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 101 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 102 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 103 correctly checking networking state from userland. 104 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 105 10620090429: 107 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 108 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 109 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 110 follows the IPv4 implementation. 111 112 For kernel developers: 113 114 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 115 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 116 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 117 118 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 119 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 120 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 121 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 122 123 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 124 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 125 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 126 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 127 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 128 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 129 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 130 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 131 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 132 multicast membership on-link. 133 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 134 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 135 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 136 137 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 138 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 139 stack. 140 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 141 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 142 semantics. 143 144 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 145 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 146 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 147 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 148 149 For application developers: 150 151 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 152 stack. 153 154 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 155 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 156 157 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 158 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 159 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 160 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 161 162 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 163 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 164 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 165 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 166 Multicast Source Filters'. 167 168 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 169 170 For systems administrators: 171 172 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 173 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 174 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 175 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 176 returned by getifaddrs(3). 177 178 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 179 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 180 181 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 182 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 183 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 184 recommended for optimal system performance. 185 186 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 187 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 188 back forwarded datagrams. 189 190 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 191 19220090422: 193 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 194 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 195 19620090419: 197 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 198 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 199 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 200 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 201 20220090415: 203 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 204 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 205 state will require a world rebuild. 206 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 207 20820090415: 209 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 210 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 211 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 212 21320090414: 214 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 215 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 216 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 217 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 218 load balancing. 219 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 220 22120090408: 222 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 223 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 224 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 225 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 226 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 227 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 228 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 229 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 230 23120090407: 232 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 233 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 234 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 235 23620090320: 237 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 238 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 239 introduces some changes: 240 241 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 242 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 243 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 244 245 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 246 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 247 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 248 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 249 250 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 251 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 252 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 253 the "386BSD" type). 254 255 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 256 25720090319: 258 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 259 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 260 (supported by sane). 261 26220090319: 263 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 264 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 265 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 266 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 267 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 268 26920090315: 270 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 271 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 272 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 273 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 274 used. 275 27620090313: 277 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 278 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 279 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 280 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 281 28220090313: 283 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 284 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 285 28620090309: 287 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 288 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 289 290 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 291 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 292 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 293 294 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 295 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 296 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 297 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 298 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 299 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 300 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 301 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 302 303 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 304 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 305 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 306 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 307 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 308 to preserve the existing behaviour. 309 310 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 311 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 312 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 313 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 314 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 315 316 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 317 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 318 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 319 via IGMP. 320 321 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 322 recompiled to reflect this. 323 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 324 32520090309: 326 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 327 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 328 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 329 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 330 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 331 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 332 33320090302: 334 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 335 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 336 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 337 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 338 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 339 raised to allow such segments to be created. 340 34120090301: 342 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 343 network device driver modules. 344 34520090227: 346 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 347 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 348 34920090223: 350 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 351 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 352 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 353 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 354 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 355 apply. 356 35720090217: 358 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 359 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 360 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 361 use the new name. 362 36320090216: 364 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 365 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 366 add 367 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 368 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 369 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 370 37120090215: 372 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 373 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 374 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 375 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 376 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 377 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 378 379 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 380 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 381 be used for this: 382 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 383 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 384 38520090203: 386 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 387 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 388 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 389 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 390 same interface. 391 39220090201: 393 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 394 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 395 39620090119: 397 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 398 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 399 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 400 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 401 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 402 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 403 40420090115: 405 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 406 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 407 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 408 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 409 41020081225: 411 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 412 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 413 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 414 in next mpd5.3 release. 415 41620081219: 417 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 418 the base system (it was a port). 419 42020081216: 421 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 422 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 423 42420081214: 425 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 426 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 427 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 428 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 429 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 430 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 431 none of the L2 information. 432 43320081130: 434 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 435 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 436 437 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 438 439 to their kernel config files when specifying: 440 441 device ath_hal 442 443 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 444 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 445 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 446 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 447 44820081121: 449 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 450 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 451 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 452 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 453 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 454 packets. 455 45620081117: 457 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 458 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 459 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 460 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 461 46220081028: 463 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 464 46520081009: 466 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 467 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 468 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 469 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 470 controller add the following to loader.conf: 471 472 uhci_load="YES" 473 ehci_load="YES" 474 47520081009: 476 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 477 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 478 sync. 479 48020080820: 481 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 482 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 483 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 484 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 485 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 486 487 PCI/ISA: 488 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 489 490 USB: 491 ubser, ucycom 492 493 Line disciplines: 494 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 495 496 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 497 cause compilation to fail. 498 49920080818: 500 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 501 50220080801: 503 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 504 505 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 506 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 507 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 508 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 509 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 510 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 511 accepting the RSA key. 512 513 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 514 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 515 command line. 516 517 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 518 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 519 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 520 behavior. 521 52220080713: 523 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 524 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 525 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 526 527 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 528 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 529 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 530 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 531 use the new device names. 532 533 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 534 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 535 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 536 at the loader prompt: 537 538 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 539 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 540 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 541 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 542 boot -s 543 54420080609: 545 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 546 disks instead. 547 54820080603: 549 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 550 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 551 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 552 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 553 55420080525: 555 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 556 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 557 55820080509: 559 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 560 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 561 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 562 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 563 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 564 56520080420: 566 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 567 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 568 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 569 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 570 For example, change: 571 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 572 to 573 wlans_ath0=wlan0 574 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 575 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 576 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 577 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 578 579 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 580 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 581 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 582 58320080408: 584 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 585 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 586 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 587 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 588 other operation levels. 589 59020080312: 591 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 592 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 593 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 594 compatibility with any prior release: 595 596 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 597 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 598 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 599 60020080301: 601 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 602 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 603 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 604 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 605 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 606 nonetheless. 607 60820080229: 609 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 610 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 611 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 612 with older hardware easier to do. 613 61420080220: 615 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 616 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 617 61820080211: 619 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 620 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 621 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 622 firewall rules. 623 62420080208: 625 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 626 mbuf chains. 627 62820080126: 629 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 630 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 631 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 632 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 633 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 634 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 635 third-party software might fail to build after this change 636 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 637 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 638 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 639 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 640 case that a portable fix is impossible. 641 64220080123: 643 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 644 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 645 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 646 64720071128: 648 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 649 functionality is the default now. 650 65120071118: 652 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 653 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 654 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 655 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 656 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 657 658 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 659 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 660 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 661 66220071024: 663 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 664 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 665 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 666 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 667 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 668 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 669 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 670 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 671 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 672 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 673 however. 674 67520071020: 676 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 677 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 678 used kproc_start().. 679 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 680 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 681 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 682 68320071010: 684 RELENG_7 branched. 685 68620071009: 687 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 688 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 689 69020070930: 691 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 692 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 693 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 694 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 695 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 696 69720070928: 698 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 699 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 700 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 701 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 702 rc.conf. 703 70420070921: 705 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 706 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 707 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 708 70920070704: 710 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 711 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 712 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 713 71420070702: 715 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 716 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 717 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 718 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 719 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 720 72120070701: 722 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 723 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 724 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 725 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 726 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 727 will change after some settling time. 728 72920070701: 730 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 731 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 732 information. 733 73420070612: 735 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 736 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 737 accordingly. 738 73920070612: 740 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 741 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 742 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 743 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 744 74520070612: 746 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 747 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 748 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 749 the IPv4 network stack. 750 751 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 752 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 753 has now been removed. 754 755 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 756 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 757 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 758 updated to reflect this. 759 760 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 761 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 762 interfaces. 763 76420070610: 765 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 766 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 767 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 768 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 769 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 770 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 771 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 772 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 773 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 774 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 775 operating properly. 776 77720070610: 778 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 779 function and starts providing an account management function. 780 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 781 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 782 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 783 784 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 785 786 and change it according to this example: 787 788 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 789 790 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 791 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 792 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 793 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 794 79520070529: 796 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 797 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 798 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 799 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 800 80120070516: 802 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 803 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 804 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 805 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 806 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 807 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 808 symbol. 809 81020070513: 811 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 812 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 813 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 814 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 815 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 816 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 817 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 818 819 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 820 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 821 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 822 82320070423: 824 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 825 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 826 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 827 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 828 82920070417: 830 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 831 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 832 83320070408: 834 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 835 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 836 base operating system should be recompiled. 837 83820070302: 839 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 840 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 841 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 842 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 843 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 844 84520070228: 846 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 847 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 848 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 849 deprecated in previous releases. 850 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 851 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 852 85320070224: 854 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 855 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 856 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 857 sync. For more info: 858 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 859 86020070224: 861 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 862 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 863 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 864 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 865 86620070214: 867 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 868 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 869 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 870 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 871 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 872 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 873 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 874 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 875 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 876 87720070210: 878 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 879 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 880 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 881 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 882 ip_mroute.ko module. 883 88420070207: 885 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 886 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 887 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 888 mrouted.conf. 889 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 890 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 891 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 892 89320061221: 894 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 895 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 896 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 897 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 898 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 899 in the loader. 900 90120061214: 902 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 903 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 904 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 905 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 906 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 907 90820061214: 909 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 910 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 911 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 912 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 913 91420061205: 915 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 916 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 917 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 918 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 919 linux module. 920 92120061126: 922 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 923 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 924 with exceptions of followings: 925 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 926 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 927 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 928 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 929 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 930 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 931 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 932 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 933 93420061122: 935 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 936 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 937 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 938 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 939 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 940 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 941 942 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 943 944 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 945 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 946 the array the same way you built it originally. 947 94820061122: 949 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 950 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 951 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 952 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 953 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 954 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 955 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 956 95720061113: 958 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 959 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 960 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 961 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 962 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 963 96420061110: 965 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 966 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 967 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 968 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 969 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 970 97120061026: 972 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 973 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 974 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 975 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 976 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 977 added to 'struct proc'. 978 97920060929: 980 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 981 98220060927: 983 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 984 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 985 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 986 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 987 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 988 98920060924: 990 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 991 99220060913: 993 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 994 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 995 systat needs to be rebuilt. 996 99720060903: 998 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 999 100020060816: 1001 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 1002 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 1003 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 1004 100520060725: 1006 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 1007 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 1008 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 1009 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 1010 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 1011 101220060709: 1013 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 1014 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 1015 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 1016 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 1017 101820060627: 1019 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 1020 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 1021 accordingly. 1022 102320060514: 1024 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 1025 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 1026 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 1027 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 1028 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 1029 103020060511: 1031 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 1032 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 1033 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 1034 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 1035 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 1036 `make installworld' with: 1037 1038 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 1039 1040 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 1041 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 1042 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 1043 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 1044 104520060412: 1046 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 1047 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 1048 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 1049 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 1050 rewrite rules. 1051 105220060428: 1053 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 1054 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 1055 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 1056 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 1057 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 1058 implements the interface to support it. 1059 106020060330: 1061 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 1062 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 1063 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 1064 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 1065 functional. 1066 106720060317: 1068 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 1069 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 1070 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 1071 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 1072 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 1073 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 1074 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 1075 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 1076 likely follow. Posting to current@: 1077 1078 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 1079 108020060305: 1081 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 1082 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 1083 108420060303: 1085 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 1086 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 1087 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 1088 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 1089 its dependencies. 1090 109120060204: 1092 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 1093 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 1094 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 1095 109620060201: 1097 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 1098 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 1099 110020060118: 1101 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 1102 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 1103 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 1104 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 1105 on your next install. 1106 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 1107 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 1108 to your /etc/make.conf. 1109 111020060113: 1111 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 1112 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 1113 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 1114 111520060112: 1116 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 1117 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 1118 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 1119 112020060106: 1121 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 1122 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 1123 112420060106: 1125 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 1126 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 1127 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 1128 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 1129 113020051231: 1131 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 1132 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 1133 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 1134 113520051211: 1136 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 1137 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 1138 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 1139 accordingly. 1140 114120051202: 1142 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 1143 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 1144 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 1145 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 1146 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 1147 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 1148 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 1149 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 1150 115120051129: 1152 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 1153 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 1154 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 1155 115620051129: 1157 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 1158 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 1159 116020051108: 1161 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 1162 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 1163 116420051029: 1165 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 1166 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 1167 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 1168 116920051014: 1170 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 1171 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 1172 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 1173 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 1174 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 1175 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 1176 modules afterwards. 1177 117820051001: 1179 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1180 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1181 118220050927: 1183 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1184 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1185 118620050722: 1187 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1188 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1189 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1190 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1191 architecture. 1192 119320050711: 1194 RELENG_6 branched here. 1195 119620050629: 1197 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1198 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1199 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1200 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1201 removable_interfaces. 1202 120320050616: 1204 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1205 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1206 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1207 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1208 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1209 affect existing configurations. 1210 121120050610: 1212 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1213 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1214 updated to the new APIs. 1215 121620050609: 1217 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1218 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1219 will not behave correctly. 1220 1221 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1222 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1223 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1224 122520050606: 1226 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1227 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1228 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1229 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1230 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1231 1232 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1233 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1234 anyway). 1235 123620050605: 1237 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1238 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1239 124020050603: 1241 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1242 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1243 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1244 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1245 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1246 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1247 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1248 124920050528: 1250 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1251 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1252 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1253 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1254 125520050503: 1256 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1257 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1258 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1259 126020050415: 1261 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1262 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1263 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1264 should be updated. 1265 126620050227: 1267 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1268 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1269 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1270 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1271 127220050225: 1273 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1274 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1275 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1276 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1277 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1278 none at this point.) 1279 128020050224: 1281 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1282 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1283 128420050223: 1285 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1286 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1287 with the new kernel. 1288 128920050223: 1290 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1291 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1292 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1293 129420050220: 1295 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1296 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1297 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1298 if you have updated the kernel. 1299 1300 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1301 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1302 mounting the new volume. 1303 130420050206: 1305 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1306 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1307 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1308 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1309 131020050206: 1311 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1312 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1313 131420050114: 1315 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1316 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1317 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1318 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1319 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1320 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1321 132220041221: 1323 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1324 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1325 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1326 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1327 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1328 132920041219: 1330 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1331 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1332 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1333 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1334 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1335 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1336 and wlan_xauth as required. 1337 133820041213: 1339 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1340 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1341 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1342 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1343 reflect the change. 1344 134520041201: 1346 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1347 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1348 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1349 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1350 the module when a wep key is configured). 1351 135220041201: 1353 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1354 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1355 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1356 135720041116: 1358 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1359 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1360 136120041110: 1362 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1363 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1364 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1365 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1366 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1367 their /etc/rc scripts. 1368 136920041104: 1370 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1371 137220041102: 1373 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1374 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1375 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1376 137720041022: 1378 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1379 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1380 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1381 138220041016: 1383 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1384 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1385 1386COMMON ITEMS: 1387 1388 General Notes 1389 ------------- 1390 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1391 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1392 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1393 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1394 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1395 on the -current branch). 1396 1397 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1398 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1399 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1400 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1401 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1402 page for more details. 1403 1404 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1405 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1406 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1407 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1408 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1409 version upgrade. 1410 1411 To build a kernel 1412 ----------------- 1413 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1414 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1415 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1416 1417 make kernel-toolchain 1418 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1419 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1420 1421 To test a kernel once 1422 --------------------- 1423 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1424 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1425 debugging information) run 1426 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1427 nextboot -k testkernel 1428 1429 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1430 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1431 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1432 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1433 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1434 1435 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1436 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1437 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1438 make depend 1439 make 1440 make install 1441 1442 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1443 1444 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1445 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1446 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1447 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1448 1449 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1450 make buildworld 1451 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1452 [1] 1453 <reboot in single user> [3] 1454 mergemaster -p [5] 1455 make installworld 1456 make delete-old 1457 mergemaster [4] 1458 <reboot> 1459 1460 1461 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1462 -------------------------------------------------- 1463 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1464 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1465 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1466 # size. 1467 1468 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1469 <boot into -stable> 1470 make buildworld 1471 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1472 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1473 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1474 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1475 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1476 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1477 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1478 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1479 <reboot into current> 1480 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1481 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1482 <reboot> 1483 1484 1485 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1486 ---------------------------------------------- 1487 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1488 make buildworld [9] 1489 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1490 [1] 1491 <reboot in single user> [3] 1492 mergemaster -p [5] 1493 make installworld 1494 make delete-old 1495 mergemaster -i [4] 1496 <reboot> 1497 1498 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1499 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1500 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1501 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1502 the UPDATING entries. 1503 1504 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1505 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1506 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1507 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1508 much fewer pitfalls. 1509 1510 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1511 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1512 system on reboot. 1513 1514 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1515 fsck -p 1516 mount -u / 1517 mount -a 1518 cd src 1519 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1520 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1521 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1522 1523 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1524 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1525 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1526 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1527 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1528 for potential gotchas. 1529 1530 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1531 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1532 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1533 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1534 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1535 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1536 1537 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1538 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1539 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1540 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1541 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1542 1543 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1544 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1545 1546 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1547 cvs prune empty directories. 1548 1549 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1550 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1551 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1552 1553 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1554 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1555 warn if it is improperly defined. 1556FORMAT: 1557 1558This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1559breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1560and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1561previous releases if your system is older than this. 1562 1563Copyright information: 1564 1565Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1566 1567Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1568modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1569document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1570 1571THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1572IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1573WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1574DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1575INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1576(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1577SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1578HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1579STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1580IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1581POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1582 1583If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1584author a beer. 1585 1586Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1587this document. 1588 1589$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 193731 2009-06-08 17:15:40Z zec $ 1590