UPDATING revision 191467
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090422: 26 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 27 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 28 2920090419: 30 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 31 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 32 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 33 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 34 3520090415: 36 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 37 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 38 state will require a world rebuild. 39 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 40 4120090415: 42 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 43 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 44 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 45 4620090414: 47 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 48 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 49 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 50 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 51 load balancing. 52 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 53 5420090408: 55 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 56 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 57 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 58 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 59 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 60 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 61 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 62 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 63 6420090407: 65 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 66 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 67 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 68 6920090320: 70 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 71 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 72 introduces some changes: 73 74 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 75 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 76 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 77 78 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 79 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 80 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 81 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 82 83 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 84 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 85 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 86 the "386BSD" type). 87 88 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 89 9020090319: 91 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 92 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 93 (supported by sane). 94 9520090319: 96 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 97 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 98 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 99 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 100 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 101 10220090315: 103 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 104 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 105 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 106 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 107 used. 108 10920090313: 110 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 111 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 112 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 113 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 114 11520090313: 116 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 117 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 118 11920090309: 120 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 121 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 122 123 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 124 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 125 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 126 127 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 128 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 129 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 130 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 131 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 132 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 133 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 134 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 135 136 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 137 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 138 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 139 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 140 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 141 to preserve the existing behaviour. 142 143 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 144 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 145 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 146 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 147 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 148 149 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 150 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 151 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 152 via IGMP. 153 154 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 155 recompiled to reflect this. 156 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 157 15820090309: 159 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 160 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 161 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 162 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 163 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 164 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 165 16620090302: 167 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 168 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 169 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 170 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 171 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely 172 raised to allow such segments to be created. 173 17420090301: 175 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 176 network device driver modules. 177 17820090227: 179 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 180 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 181 18220090223: 183 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 184 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 185 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 186 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 187 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 188 apply. 189 19020090217: 191 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 192 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 193 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 194 use the new name. 195 19620090216: 197 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 198 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 199 add 200 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 201 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 202 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 203 20420090215: 205 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 206 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 207 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 208 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 209 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 210 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 211 212 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 213 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 214 be used for this: 215 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 216 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 217 21820090203: 219 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 220 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 221 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 222 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 223 same interface. 224 22520090201: 226 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 227 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 228 22920090119: 230 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 231 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 232 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 233 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 234 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 235 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 236 23720090115: 238 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 239 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 240 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 241 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 242 24320081225: 244 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 245 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 246 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 247 in next mpd5.3 release. 248 24920081219: 250 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 251 the base system (it was a port). 252 25320081216: 254 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 255 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 256 25720081214: 258 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 259 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 260 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 261 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 262 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 263 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 264 none of the L2 information. 265 26620081130: 267 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 268 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 269 270 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 271 272 to their kernel config files when specifying: 273 274 device ath_hal 275 276 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 277 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 278 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 279 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 280 28120081121: 282 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 283 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 284 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 285 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 286 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 287 packets. 288 28920081117: 290 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 291 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 292 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 293 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 294 29520081028: 296 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 297 29820081009: 299 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 300 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 301 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 302 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 303 controller add the following to loader.conf: 304 305 uhci_load="YES" 306 ehci_load="YES" 307 30820081009: 309 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 310 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 311 sync. 312 31320080820: 314 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 315 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 316 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 317 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 318 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 319 320 PCI/ISA: 321 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 322 323 USB: 324 ubser, ucycom 325 326 Line disciplines: 327 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 328 329 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 330 cause compilation to fail. 331 33220080818: 333 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 334 33520080801: 336 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 337 338 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 339 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 340 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 341 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 342 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 343 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 344 accepting the RSA key. 345 346 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 347 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 348 command line. 349 350 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 351 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 352 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 353 behavior. 354 35520080713: 356 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 357 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 358 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 359 360 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 361 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 362 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 363 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 364 use the new device names. 365 366 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 367 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 368 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 369 at the loader prompt: 370 371 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 372 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 373 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 374 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 375 boot -s 376 37720080609: 378 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 379 disks instead. 380 38120080603: 382 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 383 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 384 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 385 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 386 38720080525: 388 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 389 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 390 39120080509: 392 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 393 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 394 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 395 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 396 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 397 39820080420: 399 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 400 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 401 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 402 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 403 For example, change: 404 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 405 to 406 wlans_ath0=wlan0 407 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 408 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 409 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 410 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 411 412 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 413 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 414 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 415 41620080408: 417 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 418 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 419 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 420 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 421 other operation levels. 422 42320080312: 424 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 425 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 426 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 427 compatibility with any prior release: 428 429 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 430 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 431 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 432 43320080301: 434 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 435 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 436 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 437 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 438 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 439 nonetheless. 440 44120080229: 442 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 443 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 444 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 445 with older hardware easier to do. 446 44720080220: 448 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 449 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 450 45120080211: 452 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 453 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 454 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 455 firewall rules. 456 45720080208: 458 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 459 mbuf chains. 460 46120080126: 462 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 463 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 464 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 465 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 466 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 467 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 468 third-party software might fail to build after this change 469 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 470 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 471 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 472 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 473 case that a portable fix is impossible. 474 47520080123: 476 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 477 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 478 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 479 48020071128: 481 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 482 functionality is the default now. 483 48420071118: 485 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 486 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 487 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 488 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 489 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 490 491 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 492 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 493 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 494 49520071024: 496 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 497 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 498 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 499 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 500 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 501 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 502 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 503 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 504 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 505 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 506 however. 507 50820071020: 509 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 510 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 511 used kproc_start().. 512 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 513 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 514 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 515 51620071010: 517 RELENG_7 branched. 518 51920071009: 520 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 521 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 522 52320070930: 524 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 525 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 526 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 527 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 528 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 529 53020070928: 531 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 532 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 533 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 534 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 535 rc.conf. 536 53720070921: 538 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 539 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 540 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 541 54220070704: 543 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 544 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 545 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 546 54720070702: 548 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 549 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 550 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 551 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 552 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 553 55420070701: 555 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 556 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 557 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 558 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 559 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 560 will change after some settling time. 561 56220070701: 563 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 564 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 565 information. 566 56720070612: 568 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 569 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 570 accordingly. 571 57220070612: 573 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 574 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 575 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 576 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 577 57820070612: 579 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 580 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 581 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 582 the IPv4 network stack. 583 584 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 585 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 586 has now been removed. 587 588 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 589 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 590 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 591 updated to reflect this. 592 593 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 594 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 595 interfaces. 596 59720070610: 598 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 599 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 600 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 601 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 602 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 603 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 604 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 605 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 606 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 607 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 608 operating properly. 609 61020070610: 611 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 612 function and starts providing an account management function. 613 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 614 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 615 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 616 617 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 618 619 and change it according to this example: 620 621 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 622 623 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 624 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 625 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 626 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 627 62820070529: 629 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 630 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 631 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 632 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 633 63420070516: 635 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 636 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 637 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 638 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 639 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 640 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 641 symbol. 642 64320070513: 644 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 645 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 646 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 647 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 648 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 649 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 650 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 651 652 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 653 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 654 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 655 65620070423: 657 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 658 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 659 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 660 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 661 66220070417: 663 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 664 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 665 66620070408: 667 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 668 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 669 base operating system should be recompiled. 670 67120070302: 672 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 673 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 674 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 675 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 676 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 677 67820070228: 679 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 680 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 681 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 682 deprecated in previous releases. 683 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 684 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 685 68620070224: 687 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 688 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 689 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 690 sync. For more info: 691 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 692 69320070224: 694 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 695 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 696 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 697 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 698 69920070214: 700 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 701 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 702 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 703 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 704 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 705 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 706 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 707 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 708 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 709 71020070210: 711 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 712 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 713 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 714 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 715 ip_mroute.ko module. 716 71720070207: 718 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 719 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 720 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 721 mrouted.conf. 722 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 723 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 724 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 725 72620061221: 727 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 728 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 729 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 730 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 731 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 732 in the loader. 733 73420061214: 735 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 736 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 737 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 738 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 739 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 740 74120061214: 742 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 743 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 744 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 745 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 746 74720061205: 748 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 749 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 750 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 751 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 752 linux module. 753 75420061126: 755 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 756 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 757 with exceptions of followings: 758 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 759 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 760 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 761 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 762 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 763 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 764 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 765 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 766 76720061122: 768 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 769 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 770 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 771 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 772 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 773 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 774 775 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 776 777 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 778 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 779 the array the same way you built it originally. 780 78120061122: 782 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 783 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 784 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 785 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 786 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 787 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 788 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 789 79020061113: 791 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 792 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 793 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 794 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 795 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 796 79720061110: 798 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 799 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 800 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 801 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 802 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 803 80420061026: 805 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 806 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 807 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 808 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 809 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 810 added to 'struct proc'. 811 81220060929: 813 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 814 81520060927: 816 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 817 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 818 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 819 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 820 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 821 82220060924: 823 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 824 82520060913: 826 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 827 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 828 systat needs to be rebuilt. 829 83020060903: 831 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 832 83320060816: 834 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 835 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 836 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 837 83820060725: 839 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 840 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 841 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 842 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 843 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 844 84520060709: 846 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 847 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 848 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 849 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 850 85120060627: 852 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 853 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 854 accordingly. 855 85620060514: 857 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 858 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 859 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 860 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 861 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 862 86320060511: 864 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 865 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 866 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 867 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 868 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 869 `make installworld' with: 870 871 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 872 873 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 874 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 875 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 876 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 877 87820060412: 879 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 880 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 881 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 882 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 883 rewrite rules. 884 88520060428: 886 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 887 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 888 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 889 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 890 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 891 implements the interface to support it. 892 89320060330: 894 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 895 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 896 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 897 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 898 functional. 899 90020060317: 901 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 902 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 903 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 904 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 905 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 906 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 907 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 908 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 909 likely follow. Posting to current@: 910 911 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 912 91320060305: 914 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 915 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 916 91720060303: 918 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 919 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 920 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 921 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 922 its dependencies. 923 92420060204: 925 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 926 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 927 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 928 92920060201: 930 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 931 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 932 93320060118: 934 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 935 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 936 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 937 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 938 on your next install. 939 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 940 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 941 to your /etc/make.conf. 942 94320060113: 944 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 945 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 946 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 947 94820060112: 949 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 950 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 951 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 952 95320060106: 954 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 955 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 956 95720060106: 958 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 959 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 960 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 961 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 962 96320051231: 964 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 965 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 966 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 967 96820051211: 969 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 970 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 971 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 972 accordingly. 973 97420051202: 975 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 976 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 977 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 978 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 979 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 980 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 981 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 982 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 983 98420051129: 985 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 986 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 987 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 988 98920051129: 990 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 991 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 992 99320051108: 994 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 995 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 996 99720051029: 998 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 999 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 1000 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 1001 100220051014: 1003 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 1004 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 1005 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 1006 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 1007 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 1008 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 1009 modules afterwards. 1010 101120051001: 1012 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1013 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1014 101520050927: 1016 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1017 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1018 101920050722: 1020 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1021 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1022 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1023 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1024 architecture. 1025 102620050711: 1027 RELENG_6 branched here. 1028 102920050629: 1030 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1031 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1032 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1033 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1034 removable_interfaces. 1035 103620050616: 1037 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1038 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1039 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1040 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1041 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1042 affect existing configurations. 1043 104420050610: 1045 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1046 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1047 updated to the new APIs. 1048 104920050609: 1050 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1051 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1052 will not behave correctly. 1053 1054 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1055 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1056 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1057 105820050606: 1059 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1060 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1061 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1062 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1063 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1064 1065 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1066 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1067 anyway). 1068 106920050605: 1070 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1071 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1072 107320050603: 1074 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1075 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1076 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1077 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1078 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1079 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1080 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1081 108220050528: 1083 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1084 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1085 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1086 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1087 108820050503: 1089 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1090 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1091 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1092 109320050415: 1094 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1095 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1096 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1097 should be updated. 1098 109920050227: 1100 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1101 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1102 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1103 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1104 110520050225: 1106 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1107 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1108 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1109 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1110 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1111 none at this point.) 1112 111320050224: 1114 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1115 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1116 111720050223: 1118 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1119 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1120 with the new kernel. 1121 112220050223: 1123 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1124 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1125 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1126 112720050220: 1128 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1129 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1130 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1131 if you have updated the kernel. 1132 1133 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1134 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1135 mounting the new volume. 1136 113720050206: 1138 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1139 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1140 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1141 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1142 114320050206: 1144 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1145 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1146 114720050114: 1148 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1149 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1150 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1151 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1152 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1153 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1154 115520041221: 1156 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1157 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1158 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1159 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1160 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1161 116220041219: 1163 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1164 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1165 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1166 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1167 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1168 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1169 and wlan_xauth as required. 1170 117120041213: 1172 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1173 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1174 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1175 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1176 reflect the change. 1177 117820041201: 1179 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1180 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1181 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1182 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1183 the module when a wep key is configured). 1184 118520041201: 1186 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1187 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1188 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1189 119020041116: 1191 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1192 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1193 119420041110: 1195 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1196 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1197 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1198 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1199 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1200 their /etc/rc scripts. 1201 120220041104: 1203 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1204 120520041102: 1206 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1207 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1208 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1209 121020041022: 1211 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1212 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1213 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1214 121520041016: 1216 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1217 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1218 1219COMMON ITEMS: 1220 1221 General Notes 1222 ------------- 1223 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1224 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1225 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1226 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1227 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1228 on the -current branch). 1229 1230 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1231 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1232 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1233 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1234 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1235 page for more details. 1236 1237 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1238 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1239 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1240 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1241 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1242 version upgrade. 1243 1244 To build a kernel 1245 ----------------- 1246 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1247 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1248 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1249 1250 make kernel-toolchain 1251 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1252 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1253 1254 To test a kernel once 1255 --------------------- 1256 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1257 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1258 debugging information) run 1259 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1260 nextboot -k testkernel 1261 1262 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1263 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1264 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1265 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1266 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1267 1268 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1269 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1270 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1271 make depend 1272 make 1273 make install 1274 1275 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1276 1277 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1278 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1279 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1280 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1281 1282 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1283 make buildworld 1284 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1285 [1] 1286 <reboot in single user> [3] 1287 mergemaster -p [5] 1288 make installworld 1289 make delete-old 1290 mergemaster [4] 1291 <reboot> 1292 1293 1294 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1295 -------------------------------------------------- 1296 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1297 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1298 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1299 # size. 1300 1301 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1302 <boot into -stable> 1303 make buildworld 1304 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1305 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1306 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1307 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1308 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1309 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1310 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1311 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1312 <reboot into current> 1313 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1314 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1315 <reboot> 1316 1317 1318 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1319 ---------------------------------------------- 1320 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1321 make buildworld [9] 1322 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1323 [1] 1324 <reboot in single user> [3] 1325 mergemaster -p [5] 1326 make installworld 1327 make delete-old 1328 mergemaster -i [4] 1329 <reboot> 1330 1331 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1332 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1333 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1334 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1335 the UPDATING entries. 1336 1337 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1338 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1339 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1340 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1341 much fewer pitfalls. 1342 1343 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1344 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1345 system on reboot. 1346 1347 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1348 fsck -p 1349 mount -u / 1350 mount -a 1351 cd src 1352 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1353 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1354 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1355 1356 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1357 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1358 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1359 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1360 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1361 for potential gotchas. 1362 1363 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1364 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1365 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1366 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1367 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1368 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1369 1370 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1371 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1372 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1373 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1374 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1375 1376 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1377 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1378 1379 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1380 cvs prune empty directories. 1381 1382 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1383 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1384 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1385 1386 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1387 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1388 warn if it is improperly defined. 1389FORMAT: 1390 1391This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1392breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1393and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1394previous releases if your system is older than this. 1395 1396Copyright information: 1397 1398Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1399 1400Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1401modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1402document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1403 1404THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1405IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1406WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1407DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1408INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1409(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1410SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1411HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1412STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1413IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1414POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1415 1416If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1417author a beer. 1418 1419Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1420this document. 1421 1422$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 191467 2009-04-24 15:38:13Z delphij $ 1423