UPDATING revision 191464
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090422: 26 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 27 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 28 2920090419: 30 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 31 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 32 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 33 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 34 3520090415: 36 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 37 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 38 state will require a world rebuild. 39 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 4020090415: 41 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 42 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 43 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 44 4520090414: 46 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 47 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 48 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 49 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 50 load balancing. 51 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 52 5320090408: 54 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 55 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 56 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 57 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 58 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 59 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 60 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 61 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 62 6320090407: 64 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 65 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 66 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 67 6820090320: 69 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 70 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 71 introduces some changes: 72 73 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 74 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 75 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 76 77 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 78 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 79 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 80 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 81 82 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 83 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 84 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 85 the "386BSD" type). 86 87 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 88 8920090319: 90 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 91 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 92 (supported by sane). 93 9420090319: 95 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 96 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 97 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 98 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 99 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 100 10120090315: 102 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 103 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 104 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 105 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 106 used. 107 10820090313: 109 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 110 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 111 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 112 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 113 11420090313: 115 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 116 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 117 11820090309: 119 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 120 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 121 122 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 123 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 124 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 125 126 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 127 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 128 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 129 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 130 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 131 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 132 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 133 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 134 135 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 136 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 137 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 138 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 139 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 140 to preserve the existing behaviour. 141 142 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 143 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 144 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 145 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 146 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 147 148 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 149 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 150 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 151 via IGMP. 152 153 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 154 recompiled to reflect this. 155 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 156 15720090309: 158 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 159 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 160 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 161 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 162 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 163 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 164 16520090302: 166 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 167 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 168 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 169 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 170 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely 171 raised to allow such segments to be created. 172 17320090301: 174 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 175 network device driver modules. 176 17720090227: 178 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 179 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 180 18120090223: 182 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 183 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 184 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 185 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 186 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 187 apply. 188 18920090217: 190 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 191 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 192 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 193 use the new name. 194 19520090216: 196 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 197 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 198 add 199 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 200 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 201 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 202 20320090215: 204 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 205 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 206 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 207 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 208 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 209 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 210 211 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 212 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 213 be used for this: 214 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 215 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 216 21720090203: 218 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 219 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 220 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 221 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 222 same interface. 223 22420090201: 225 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 226 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 227 22820090119: 229 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 230 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 231 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 232 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 233 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 234 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 235 23620090115: 237 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 238 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 239 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 240 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 241 24220081225: 243 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 244 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 245 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 246 in next mpd5.3 release. 247 24820081219: 249 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 250 the base system (it was a port). 251 25220081216: 253 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 254 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 255 25620081214: 257 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 258 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 259 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 260 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 261 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 262 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 263 none of the L2 information. 264 26520081130: 266 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 267 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 268 269 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 270 271 to their kernel config files when specifying: 272 273 device ath_hal 274 275 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 276 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 277 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 278 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 279 28020081121: 281 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 282 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 283 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 284 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 285 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 286 packets. 287 28820081117: 289 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 290 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 291 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 292 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 293 29420081028: 295 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 296 29720081009: 298 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 299 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 300 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 301 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 302 controller add the following to loader.conf: 303 304 uhci_load="YES" 305 ehci_load="YES" 306 30720081009: 308 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 309 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 310 sync. 311 31220080820: 313 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 314 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 315 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 316 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 317 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 318 319 PCI/ISA: 320 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 321 322 USB: 323 ubser, ucycom 324 325 Line disciplines: 326 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 327 328 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 329 cause compilation to fail. 330 33120080818: 332 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 333 33420080801: 335 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 336 337 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 338 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 339 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 340 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 341 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 342 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 343 accepting the RSA key. 344 345 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 346 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 347 command line. 348 349 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 350 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 351 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 352 behavior. 353 35420080713: 355 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 356 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 357 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 358 359 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 360 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 361 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 362 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 363 use the new device names. 364 365 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 366 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 367 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 368 at the loader prompt: 369 370 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 371 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 372 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 373 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 374 boot -s 375 37620080609: 377 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 378 disks instead. 379 38020080603: 381 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 382 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 383 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 384 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 385 38620080525: 387 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 388 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 389 39020080509: 391 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 392 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 393 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 394 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 395 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 396 39720080420: 398 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 399 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 400 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 401 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 402 For example, change: 403 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 404 to 405 wlans_ath0=wlan0 406 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 407 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 408 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 409 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 410 411 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 412 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 413 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 414 41520080408: 416 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 417 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 418 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 419 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 420 other operation levels. 421 42220080312: 423 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 424 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 425 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 426 compatibility with any prior release: 427 428 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 429 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 430 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 431 43220080301: 433 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 434 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 435 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 436 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 437 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 438 nonetheless. 439 44020080229: 441 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 442 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 443 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 444 with older hardware easier to do. 445 44620080220: 447 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 448 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 449 45020080211: 451 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 452 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 453 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 454 firewall rules. 455 45620080208: 457 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 458 mbuf chains. 459 46020080126: 461 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 462 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 463 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 464 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 465 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 466 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 467 third-party software might fail to build after this change 468 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 469 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 470 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 471 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 472 case that a portable fix is impossible. 473 47420080123: 475 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 476 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 477 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 478 47920071128: 480 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 481 functionality is the default now. 482 48320071118: 484 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 485 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 486 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 487 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 488 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 489 490 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 491 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 492 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 493 49420071024: 495 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 496 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 497 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 498 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 499 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 500 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 501 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 502 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 503 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 504 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 505 however. 506 50720071020: 508 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 509 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 510 used kproc_start().. 511 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 512 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 513 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 514 51520071010: 516 RELENG_7 branched. 517 51820071009: 519 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 520 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 521 52220070930: 523 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 524 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 525 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 526 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 527 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 528 52920070928: 530 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 531 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 532 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 533 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 534 rc.conf. 535 53620070921: 537 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 538 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 539 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 540 54120070704: 542 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 543 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 544 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 545 54620070702: 547 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 548 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 549 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 550 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 551 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 552 55320070701: 554 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 555 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 556 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 557 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 558 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 559 will change after some settling time. 560 56120070701: 562 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 563 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 564 information. 565 56620070612: 567 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 568 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 569 accordingly. 570 57120070612: 572 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 573 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 574 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 575 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 576 57720070612: 578 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 579 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 580 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 581 the IPv4 network stack. 582 583 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 584 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 585 has now been removed. 586 587 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 588 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 589 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 590 updated to reflect this. 591 592 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 593 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 594 interfaces. 595 59620070610: 597 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 598 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 599 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 600 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 601 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 602 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 603 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 604 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 605 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 606 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 607 operating properly. 608 60920070610: 610 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 611 function and starts providing an account management function. 612 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 613 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 614 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 615 616 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 617 618 and change it according to this example: 619 620 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 621 622 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 623 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 624 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 625 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 626 62720070529: 628 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 629 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 630 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 631 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 632 63320070516: 634 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 635 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 636 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 637 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 638 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 639 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 640 symbol. 641 64220070513: 643 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 644 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 645 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 646 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 647 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 648 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 649 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 650 651 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 652 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 653 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 654 65520070423: 656 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 657 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 658 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 659 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 660 66120070417: 662 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 663 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 664 66520070408: 666 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 667 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 668 base operating system should be recompiled. 669 67020070302: 671 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 672 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 673 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 674 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 675 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 676 67720070228: 678 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 679 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 680 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 681 deprecated in previous releases. 682 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 683 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 684 68520070224: 686 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 687 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 688 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 689 sync. For more info: 690 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 691 69220070224: 693 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 694 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 695 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 696 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 697 69820070214: 699 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 700 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 701 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 702 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 703 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 704 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 705 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 706 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 707 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 708 70920070210: 710 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 711 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 712 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 713 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 714 ip_mroute.ko module. 715 71620070207: 717 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 718 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 719 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 720 mrouted.conf. 721 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 722 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 723 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 724 72520061221: 726 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 727 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 728 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 729 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 730 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 731 in the loader. 732 73320061214: 734 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 735 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 736 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 737 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 738 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 739 74020061214: 741 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 742 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 743 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 744 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 745 74620061205: 747 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 748 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 749 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 750 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 751 linux module. 752 75320061126: 754 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 755 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 756 with exceptions of followings: 757 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 758 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 759 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 760 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 761 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 762 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 763 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 764 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 765 76620061122: 767 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 768 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 769 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 770 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 771 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 772 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 773 774 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 775 776 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 777 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 778 the array the same way you built it originally. 779 78020061122: 781 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 782 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 783 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 784 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 785 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 786 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 787 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 788 78920061113: 790 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 791 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 792 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 793 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 794 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 795 79620061110: 797 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 798 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 799 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 800 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 801 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 802 80320061026: 804 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 805 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 806 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 807 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 808 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 809 added to 'struct proc'. 810 81120060929: 812 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 813 81420060927: 815 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 816 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 817 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 818 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 819 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 820 82120060924: 822 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 823 82420060913: 825 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 826 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 827 systat needs to be rebuilt. 828 82920060903: 830 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 831 83220060816: 833 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 834 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 835 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 836 83720060725: 838 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 839 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 840 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 841 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 842 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 843 84420060709: 845 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 846 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 847 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 848 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 849 85020060627: 851 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 852 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 853 accordingly. 854 85520060514: 856 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 857 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 858 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 859 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 860 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 861 86220060511: 863 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 864 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 865 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 866 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 867 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 868 `make installworld' with: 869 870 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 871 872 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 873 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 874 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 875 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 876 87720060412: 878 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 879 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 880 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 881 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 882 rewrite rules. 883 88420060428: 885 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 886 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 887 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 888 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 889 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 890 implements the interface to support it. 891 89220060330: 893 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 894 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 895 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 896 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 897 functional. 898 89920060317: 900 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 901 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 902 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 903 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 904 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 905 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 906 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 907 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 908 likely follow. Posting to current@: 909 910 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 911 91220060305: 913 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 914 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 915 91620060303: 917 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 918 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 919 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 920 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 921 its dependencies. 922 92320060204: 924 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 925 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 926 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 927 92820060201: 929 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 930 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 931 93220060118: 933 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 934 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 935 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 936 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 937 on your next install. 938 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 939 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 940 to your /etc/make.conf. 941 94220060113: 943 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 944 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 945 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 946 94720060112: 948 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 949 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 950 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 951 95220060106: 953 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 954 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 955 95620060106: 957 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 958 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 959 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 960 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 961 96220051231: 963 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 964 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 965 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 966 96720051211: 968 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 969 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 970 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 971 accordingly. 972 97320051202: 974 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 975 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 976 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 977 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 978 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 979 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 980 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 981 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 982 98320051129: 984 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 985 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 986 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 987 98820051129: 989 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 990 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 991 99220051108: 993 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 994 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 995 99620051029: 997 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 998 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 999 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 1000 100120051014: 1002 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 1003 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 1004 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 1005 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 1006 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 1007 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 1008 modules afterwards. 1009 101020051001: 1011 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1012 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1013 101420050927: 1015 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1016 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1017 101820050722: 1019 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1020 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1021 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1022 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1023 architecture. 1024 102520050711: 1026 RELENG_6 branched here. 1027 102820050629: 1029 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1030 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1031 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1032 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1033 removable_interfaces. 1034 103520050616: 1036 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1037 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1038 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1039 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1040 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1041 affect existing configurations. 1042 104320050610: 1044 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1045 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1046 updated to the new APIs. 1047 104820050609: 1049 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1050 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1051 will not behave correctly. 1052 1053 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1054 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1055 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1056 105720050606: 1058 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1059 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1060 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1061 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1062 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1063 1064 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1065 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1066 anyway). 1067 106820050605: 1069 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1070 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1071 107220050603: 1073 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1074 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1075 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1076 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1077 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1078 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1079 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1080 108120050528: 1082 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1083 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1084 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1085 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1086 108720050503: 1088 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1089 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1090 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1091 109220050415: 1093 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1094 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1095 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1096 should be updated. 1097 109820050227: 1099 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1100 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1101 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1102 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1103 110420050225: 1105 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1106 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1107 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1108 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1109 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1110 none at this point.) 1111 111220050224: 1113 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1114 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1115 111620050223: 1117 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1118 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1119 with the new kernel. 1120 112120050223: 1122 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1123 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1124 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1125 112620050220: 1127 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1128 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1129 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1130 if you have updated the kernel. 1131 1132 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1133 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1134 mounting the new volume. 1135 113620050206: 1137 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1138 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1139 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1140 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1141 114220050206: 1143 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1144 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1145 114620050114: 1147 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1148 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1149 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1150 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1151 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1152 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1153 115420041221: 1155 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1156 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1157 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1158 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1159 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1160 116120041219: 1162 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1163 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1164 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1165 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1166 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1167 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1168 and wlan_xauth as required. 1169 117020041213: 1171 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1172 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1173 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1174 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1175 reflect the change. 1176 117720041201: 1178 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1179 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1180 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1181 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1182 the module when a wep key is configured). 1183 118420041201: 1185 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1186 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1187 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1188 118920041116: 1190 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1191 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1192 119320041110: 1194 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1195 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1196 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1197 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1198 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1199 their /etc/rc scripts. 1200 120120041104: 1202 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1203 120420041102: 1205 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1206 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1207 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1208 120920041022: 1210 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1211 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1212 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1213 121420041016: 1215 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1216 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1217 1218COMMON ITEMS: 1219 1220 General Notes 1221 ------------- 1222 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1223 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1224 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1225 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1226 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1227 on the -current branch). 1228 1229 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1230 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1231 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1232 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1233 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1234 page for more details. 1235 1236 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1237 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1238 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1239 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1240 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1241 version upgrade. 1242 1243 To build a kernel 1244 ----------------- 1245 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1246 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1247 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1248 1249 make kernel-toolchain 1250 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1251 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1252 1253 To test a kernel once 1254 --------------------- 1255 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1256 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1257 debugging information) run 1258 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1259 nextboot -k testkernel 1260 1261 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1262 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1263 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1264 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1265 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1266 1267 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1268 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1269 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1270 make depend 1271 make 1272 make install 1273 1274 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1275 1276 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1277 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1278 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1279 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1280 1281 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1282 make buildworld 1283 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1284 [1] 1285 <reboot in single user> [3] 1286 mergemaster -p [5] 1287 make installworld 1288 make delete-old 1289 mergemaster [4] 1290 <reboot> 1291 1292 1293 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1294 -------------------------------------------------- 1295 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1296 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1297 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1298 # size. 1299 1300 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1301 <boot into -stable> 1302 make buildworld 1303 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1304 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1305 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1306 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1307 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1308 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1309 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1310 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1311 <reboot into current> 1312 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1313 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1314 <reboot> 1315 1316 1317 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1318 ---------------------------------------------- 1319 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1320 make buildworld [9] 1321 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1322 [1] 1323 <reboot in single user> [3] 1324 mergemaster -p [5] 1325 make installworld 1326 make delete-old 1327 mergemaster -i [4] 1328 <reboot> 1329 1330 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1331 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1332 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1333 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1334 the UPDATING entries. 1335 1336 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1337 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1338 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1339 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1340 much fewer pitfalls. 1341 1342 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1343 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1344 system on reboot. 1345 1346 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1347 fsck -p 1348 mount -u / 1349 mount -a 1350 cd src 1351 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1352 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1353 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1354 1355 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1356 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1357 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1358 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1359 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1360 for potential gotchas. 1361 1362 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1363 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1364 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1365 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1366 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1367 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1368 1369 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1370 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1371 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1372 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1373 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1374 1375 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1376 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1377 1378 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1379 cvs prune empty directories. 1380 1381 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1382 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1383 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1384 1385 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1386 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1387 warn if it is improperly defined. 1388FORMAT: 1389 1390This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1391breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1392and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1393previous releases if your system is older than this. 1394 1395Copyright information: 1396 1397Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1398 1399Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1400modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1401document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1402 1403THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1404IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1405WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1406DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1407INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1408(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1409SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1410HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1411STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1412IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1413POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1414 1415If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1416author a beer. 1417 1418Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1419this document. 1420 1421$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 191464 2009-04-24 11:34:59Z garga $ 1422