UPDATING revision 191389
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520090422 26 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 27 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 28 2920090415: 30 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 31 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 32 state will require a world rebuild. 33 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 3420090415: 35 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 36 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 37 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 38 3920090414: 40 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 41 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 42 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 43 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 44 load balancing. 45 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 4620090408: 47 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 48 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 49 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 50 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 51 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 52 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 53 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 54 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 55 5620090407: 57 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 58 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 59 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 60 6120090320: 62 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 63 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 64 introduces some changes: 65 66 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 67 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 68 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 69 70 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 71 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 72 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 73 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 74 75 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 76 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 77 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 78 the "386BSD" type). 79 80 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 81 8220090319: 83 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 84 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 85 (supported by sane). 86 8720090319: 88 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 89 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 90 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 91 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 92 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 93 9420090315: 95 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 96 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 97 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 98 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 99 used. 100 10120090313: 102 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 103 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 104 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 105 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 106 10720090313: 108 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 109 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 110 11120090309: 112 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 113 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 114 115 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 116 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 117 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 118 119 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 120 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 121 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 122 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 123 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 124 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 125 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 126 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 127 128 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 129 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 130 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 131 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 132 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 133 to preserve the existing behaviour. 134 135 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 136 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 137 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 138 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 139 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 140 141 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 142 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 143 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 144 via IGMP. 145 146 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 147 recompiled to reflect this. 148 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 149 15020090309: 151 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 152 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 153 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 154 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 155 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 156 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 157 15820090302: 159 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 160 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 161 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 162 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 163 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitely 164 raised to allow such segments to be created. 165 16620090301: 167 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 168 network device driver modules. 169 17020090227: 171 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 172 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 173 17420090223: 175 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 176 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 177 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 178 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 179 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 180 apply. 181 18220090217: 183 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 184 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 185 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 186 use the new name. 187 18820090216: 189 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 190 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 191 add 192 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 193 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 194 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 195 19620090215: 197 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 198 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 199 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 200 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 201 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 202 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 203 204 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 205 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 206 be used for this: 207 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 208 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 209 21020090203: 211 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 212 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 213 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 214 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 215 same interface. 216 21720090201: 218 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 219 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 220 22120090119: 222 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 223 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 224 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 225 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 226 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 227 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 228 22920090115: 230 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 231 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 232 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 233 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 234 23520081225: 236 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 237 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 238 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 239 in next mpd5.3 release. 240 24120081219: 242 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 243 the base system (it was a port). 244 24520081216: 246 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 247 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 248 24920081214: 250 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 251 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 252 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 253 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 254 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 255 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 256 none of the L2 information. 257 25820081130: 259 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 260 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 261 262 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 263 264 to their kernel config files when specifying: 265 266 device ath_hal 267 268 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 269 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 270 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 271 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 272 27320081121: 274 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 275 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 276 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 277 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 278 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 279 packets. 280 28120081117: 282 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 283 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 284 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 285 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 286 28720081028: 288 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 289 29020081009: 291 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 292 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 293 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 294 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 295 controller add the following to loader.conf: 296 297 uhci_load="YES" 298 ehci_load="YES" 299 30020081009: 301 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 302 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 303 sync. 304 30520080820: 306 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 307 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 308 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 309 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 310 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 311 312 PCI/ISA: 313 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 314 315 USB: 316 ubser, ucycom 317 318 Line disciplines: 319 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 320 321 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 322 cause compilation to fail. 323 32420080818: 325 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 326 32720080801: 328 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 329 330 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 331 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 332 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 333 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 334 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 335 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 336 accepting the RSA key. 337 338 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 339 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 340 command line. 341 342 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 343 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 344 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 345 behavior. 346 34720080713: 348 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 349 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 350 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 351 352 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 353 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 354 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 355 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 356 use the new device names. 357 358 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 359 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 360 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 361 at the loader prompt: 362 363 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 364 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 365 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 366 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 367 boot -s 368 36920080609: 370 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 371 disks instead. 372 37320080603: 374 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 375 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 376 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 377 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 378 37920080525: 380 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 381 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 382 38320080509: 384 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 385 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 386 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 387 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 388 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 389 39020080420: 391 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 392 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 393 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 394 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 395 For example, change: 396 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 397 to 398 wlans_ath0=wlan0 399 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 400 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 401 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 402 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 403 404 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 405 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 406 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 407 40820080408: 409 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 410 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 411 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 412 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 413 other operation levels. 414 41520080312: 416 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 417 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 418 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 419 compatibility with any prior release: 420 421 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 422 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 423 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 424 42520080301: 426 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 427 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 428 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 429 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 430 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 431 nonetheless. 432 43320080229: 434 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 435 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 436 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 437 with older hardware easier to do. 438 43920080220: 440 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 441 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 442 44320080211: 444 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 445 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 446 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 447 firewall rules. 448 44920080208: 450 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 451 mbuf chains. 452 45320080126: 454 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 455 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 456 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 457 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 458 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 459 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 460 third-party software might fail to build after this change 461 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 462 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 463 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 464 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 465 case that a portable fix is impossible. 466 46720080123: 468 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 469 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 470 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 471 47220071128: 473 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 474 functionality is the default now. 475 47620071118: 477 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 478 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 479 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 480 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 481 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 482 483 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 484 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 485 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 486 48720071024: 488 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 489 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 490 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 491 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 492 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 493 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 494 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 495 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 496 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 497 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 498 however. 499 50020071020: 501 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 502 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 503 used kproc_start().. 504 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 505 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 506 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 507 50820071010: 509 RELENG_7 branched. 510 51120071009: 512 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 513 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 514 51520070930: 516 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 517 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 518 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 519 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 520 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 521 52220070928: 523 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 524 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 525 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 526 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 527 rc.conf. 528 52920070921: 530 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 531 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 532 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 533 53420070704: 535 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 536 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 537 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 538 53920070702: 540 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 541 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 542 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 543 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 544 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 545 54620070701: 547 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 548 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 549 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 550 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 551 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 552 will change after some settling time. 553 55420070701: 555 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 556 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 557 information. 558 55920070612: 560 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 561 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 562 accordingly. 563 56420070612: 565 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 566 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 567 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 568 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 569 57020070612: 571 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 572 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 573 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 574 the IPv4 network stack. 575 576 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 577 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 578 has now been removed. 579 580 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 581 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 582 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 583 updated to reflect this. 584 585 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 586 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 587 interfaces. 588 58920070610: 590 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 591 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 592 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 593 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 594 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 595 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 596 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 597 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 598 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 599 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 600 operating properly. 601 60220070610: 603 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 604 function and starts providing an account management function. 605 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 606 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 607 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 608 609 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 610 611 and change it according to this example: 612 613 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 614 615 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 616 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 617 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 618 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 619 62020070529: 621 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 622 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 623 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 624 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 625 62620070516: 627 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 628 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 629 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 630 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 631 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 632 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 633 symbol. 634 63520070513: 636 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 637 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 638 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 639 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 640 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 641 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 642 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 643 644 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 645 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 646 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 647 64820070423: 649 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 650 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 651 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 652 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 653 65420070417: 655 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 656 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 657 65820070408: 659 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 660 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 661 base operating system should be recompiled. 662 66320070302: 664 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 665 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 666 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 667 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 668 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 669 67020070228: 671 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 672 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 673 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 674 deprecated in previous releases. 675 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 676 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 677 67820070224: 679 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 680 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 681 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 682 sync. For more info: 683 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 684 68520070224: 686 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 687 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 688 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 689 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 690 69120070214: 692 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 693 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 694 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 695 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 696 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 697 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 698 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 699 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 700 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 701 70220070210: 703 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 704 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 705 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 706 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 707 ip_mroute.ko module. 708 70920070207: 710 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 711 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 712 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 713 mrouted.conf. 714 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 715 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 716 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 717 71820061221: 719 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 720 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 721 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 722 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 723 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 724 in the loader. 725 72620061214: 727 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 728 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 729 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 730 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 731 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 732 73320061214: 734 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 735 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 736 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 737 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 738 73920061205: 740 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 741 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 742 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 743 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 744 linux module. 745 74620061126: 747 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 748 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 749 with exceptions of followings: 750 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 751 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 752 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 753 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 754 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 755 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 756 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 757 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 758 75920061122: 760 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 761 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 762 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 763 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 764 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 765 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 766 767 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 768 769 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 770 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 771 the array the same way you built it originally. 772 77320061122: 774 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 775 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 776 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 777 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 778 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 779 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 780 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 781 78220061113: 783 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 784 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 785 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 786 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 787 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 788 78920061110: 790 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 791 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 792 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 793 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 794 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 795 79620061026: 797 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 798 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 799 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 800 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 801 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 802 added to 'struct proc'. 803 80420060929: 805 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 806 80720060927: 808 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 809 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 810 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 811 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 812 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 813 81420060924: 815 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 816 81720060913: 818 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 819 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 820 systat needs to be rebuilt. 821 82220060903: 823 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 824 82520060816: 826 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 827 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 828 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 829 83020060725: 831 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 832 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 833 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 834 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 835 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 836 83720060709: 838 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 839 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 840 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 841 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 842 84320060627: 844 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 845 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 846 accordingly. 847 84820060514: 849 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 850 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 851 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 852 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 853 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 854 85520060511: 856 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 857 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 858 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 859 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 860 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 861 `make installworld' with: 862 863 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 864 865 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 866 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 867 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 868 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 869 87020060412: 871 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 872 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 873 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 874 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 875 rewrite rules. 876 87720060428: 878 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 879 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 880 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 881 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 882 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 883 implements the interface to support it. 884 88520060330: 886 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 887 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 888 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 889 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 890 functional. 891 89220060317: 893 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 894 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 895 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 896 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 897 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 898 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 899 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 900 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 901 likely follow. Posting to current@: 902 903 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 904 90520060305: 906 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 907 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 908 90920060303: 910 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 911 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 912 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 913 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 914 its dependencies. 915 91620060204: 917 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 918 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 919 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 920 92120060201: 922 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 923 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 924 92520060118: 926 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 927 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 928 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 929 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 930 on your next install. 931 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 932 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 933 to your /etc/make.conf. 934 93520060113: 936 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 937 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 938 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 939 94020060112: 941 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 942 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 943 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 944 94520060106: 946 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 947 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 948 94920060106: 950 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 951 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 952 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 953 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 954 95520051231: 956 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 957 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 958 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 959 96020051211: 961 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 962 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 963 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 964 accordingly. 965 96620051202: 967 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 968 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 969 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 970 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 971 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 972 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 973 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 974 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 975 97620051129: 977 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 978 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 979 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 980 98120051129: 982 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 983 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 984 98520051108: 986 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 987 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 988 98920051029: 990 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 991 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 992 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 993 99420051014: 995 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 996 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 997 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 998 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 999 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 1000 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 1001 modules afterwards. 1002 100320051001: 1004 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 1005 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 1006 100720050927: 1008 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 1009 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 1010 101120050722: 1012 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 1013 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 1014 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 1015 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 1016 architecture. 1017 101820050711: 1019 RELENG_6 branched here. 1020 102120050629: 1022 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 1023 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 1024 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 1025 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 1026 removable_interfaces. 1027 102820050616: 1029 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 1030 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 1031 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 1032 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 1033 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 1034 affect existing configurations. 1035 103620050610: 1037 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 1038 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 1039 updated to the new APIs. 1040 104120050609: 1042 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 1043 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 1044 will not behave correctly. 1045 1046 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 1047 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 1048 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 1049 105020050606: 1051 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 1052 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 1053 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 1054 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 1055 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 1056 1057 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 1058 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 1059 anyway). 1060 106120050605: 1062 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 1063 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 1064 106520050603: 1066 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 1067 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 1068 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 1069 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 1070 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 1071 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 1072 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 1073 107420050528: 1075 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 1076 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 1077 fail after this date. For full details, please see 1078 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 1079 108020050503: 1081 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 1082 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 1083 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 1084 108520050415: 1086 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 1087 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 1088 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 1089 should be updated. 1090 109120050227: 1092 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 1093 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 1094 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 1095 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 1096 109720050225: 1098 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 1099 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 1100 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 1101 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 1102 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 1103 none at this point.) 1104 110520050224: 1106 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 1107 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 1108 110920050223: 1110 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 1111 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 1112 with the new kernel. 1113 111420050223: 1115 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 1116 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 1117 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 1118 111920050220: 1120 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 1121 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 1122 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 1123 if you have updated the kernel. 1124 1125 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 1126 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 1127 mounting the new volume. 1128 112920050206: 1130 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 1131 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 1132 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 1133 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 1134 113520050206: 1136 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 1137 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 1138 113920050114: 1140 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 1141 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 1142 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 1143 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 1144 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 1145 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 1146 114720041221: 1148 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 1149 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 1150 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 1151 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 1152 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 1153 115420041219: 1155 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 1156 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 1157 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 1158 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 1159 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 1160 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 1161 and wlan_xauth as required. 1162 116320041213: 1164 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 1165 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 1166 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 1167 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 1168 reflect the change. 1169 117020041201: 1171 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 1172 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 1173 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 1174 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 1175 the module when a wep key is configured). 1176 117720041201: 1178 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 1179 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 1180 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 1181 118220041116: 1183 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 1184 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 1185 118620041110: 1187 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 1188 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 1189 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 1190 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 1191 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 1192 their /etc/rc scripts. 1193 119420041104: 1195 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 1196 119720041102: 1198 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 1199 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 1200 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1201 120220041022: 1203 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 1204 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 1205 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 1206 120720041016: 1208 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 1209 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1210 1211COMMON ITEMS: 1212 1213 General Notes 1214 ------------- 1215 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1216 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1217 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1218 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1219 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1220 on the -current branch). 1221 1222 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1223 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1224 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1225 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1226 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1227 page for more details. 1228 1229 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1230 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1231 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1232 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1233 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1234 version upgrade. 1235 1236 To build a kernel 1237 ----------------- 1238 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1239 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1240 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1241 1242 make kernel-toolchain 1243 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1244 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1245 1246 To test a kernel once 1247 --------------------- 1248 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1249 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1250 debugging information) run 1251 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1252 nextboot -k testkernel 1253 1254 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1255 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1256 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1257 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1258 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1259 1260 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1261 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1262 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1263 make depend 1264 make 1265 make install 1266 1267 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1268 1269 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1270 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1271 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1272 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1273 1274 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1275 make buildworld 1276 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1277 [1] 1278 <reboot in single user> [3] 1279 mergemaster -p [5] 1280 make installworld 1281 make delete-old 1282 mergemaster [4] 1283 <reboot> 1284 1285 1286 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1287 -------------------------------------------------- 1288 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1289 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1290 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1291 # size. 1292 1293 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1294 <boot into -stable> 1295 make buildworld 1296 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1297 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1298 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1299 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1300 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1301 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1302 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1303 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1304 <reboot into current> 1305 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1306 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1307 <reboot> 1308 1309 1310 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1311 ---------------------------------------------- 1312 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1313 make buildworld [9] 1314 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1315 [1] 1316 <reboot in single user> [3] 1317 mergemaster -p [5] 1318 make installworld 1319 make delete-old 1320 mergemaster -i [4] 1321 <reboot> 1322 1323 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1324 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1325 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1326 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1327 the UPDATING entries. 1328 1329 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1330 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1331 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1332 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1333 much fewer pitfalls. 1334 1335 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1336 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1337 system on reboot. 1338 1339 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1340 fsck -p 1341 mount -u / 1342 mount -a 1343 cd src 1344 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1345 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1346 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1347 1348 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1349 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1350 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1351 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1352 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1353 for potential gotchas. 1354 1355 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1356 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1357 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1358 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1359 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1360 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1361 1362 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1363 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1364 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1365 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1366 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1367 1368 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1369 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1370 1371 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1372 cvs prune empty directories. 1373 1374 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1375 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1376 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1377 1378 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1379 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1380 warn if it is improperly defined. 1381FORMAT: 1382 1383This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1384breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1385and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1386previous releases if your system is older than this. 1387 1388Copyright information: 1389 1390Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1391 1392Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1393modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1394document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1395 1396THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1397IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1398WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1399DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1400INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1401(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1402SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1403HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1404STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1405IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1406POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1407 1408If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1409author a beer. 1410 1411Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1412this document. 1413 1414$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 191389 2009-04-22 15:54:27Z emax $ 1415