UPDATING revision 186491
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520081225: 26 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 27 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 28 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 29 in next mpd5.3 release. 30 3120081219: 32 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 33 the base system (it was a port). 34 3520081216: 36 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 37 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 38 3920081214: 40 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 41 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 42 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 43 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 44 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 45 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 46 none of the L2 information. 47 4820081130: 49 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 50 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 51 52 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 53 54 to their kernel config files when specifying: 55 56 device ath_hal 57 58 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 59 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 60 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 61 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 62 6320081121: 64 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 65 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 66 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 67 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 68 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 69 packets. 70 7120081117: 72 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 73 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 74 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 75 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 76 7720081028: 78 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 79 8020081009: 81 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 82 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 83 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 84 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 85 controller add the following to loader.conf: 86 87 uhci_load="YES" 88 ehci_load="YES" 89 9020081009: 91 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 92 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 93 sync. 94 9520080820: 96 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 97 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 98 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 99 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 100 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 101 102 PCI/ISA: 103 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 104 105 USB: 106 ubser, ucycom 107 108 Line disciplines: 109 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 110 111 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 112 cause compilation to fail. 113 11420080818: 115 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 116 11720080801: 118 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 119 120 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 121 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 122 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 123 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 124 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 125 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 126 accepting the RSA key. 127 128 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 129 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 130 command line. 131 132 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 133 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 134 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 135 behavior. 136 13720080713: 138 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 139 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 140 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 141 142 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 143 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 144 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 145 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 146 use the new device names. 147 148 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 149 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 150 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 151 at the loader prompt: 152 153 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 154 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 155 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 156 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 157 boot -s 158 15920080609: 160 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 161 disks instead. 162 16320080603: 164 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 165 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 166 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 167 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 168 16920080525: 170 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 171 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 172 17320080509: 174 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 175 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 176 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 177 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 178 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 179 18020080420: 181 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 182 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 183 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 184 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 185 For example, change: 186 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 187 to 188 wlans_ath0=wlan0 189 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 190 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 191 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 192 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 193 194 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 195 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 196 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 197 19820080408: 199 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 200 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 201 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 202 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 203 other operation levels. 204 20520080312: 206 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 207 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 208 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 209 compatibility with any prior release: 210 211 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 212 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 213 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 214 21520080301: 216 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 217 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 218 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 219 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 220 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 221 nonetheless. 222 22320080229: 224 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 225 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 226 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 227 with older hardware easier to do. 228 22920080220: 230 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 231 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 232 23320080211: 234 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 235 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 236 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 237 firewall rules. 238 23920080208: 240 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 241 mbuf chains. 242 24320080126: 244 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 245 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 246 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 247 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 248 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 249 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 250 third-party software might fail to build after this change 251 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 252 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 253 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 254 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 255 case that a portable fix is impossible. 256 25720080123: 258 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 259 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 260 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 261 26220071128: 263 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 264 functionality is the default now. 265 26620071118: 267 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 268 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 269 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 270 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 271 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 272 273 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 274 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 275 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 276 27720071024: 278 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 279 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 280 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 281 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 282 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 283 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 284 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 285 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 286 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 287 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 288 however. 289 29020071020: 291 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 292 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 293 used kproc_start().. 294 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 295 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 296 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 297 29820071010: 299 RELENG_7 branched. 300 30120071009: 302 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 303 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 304 30520070930: 306 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 307 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 308 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 309 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 310 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 311 31220070928: 313 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 314 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 315 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 316 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 317 rc.conf. 318 31920070921: 320 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 321 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 322 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 323 32420070704: 325 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 326 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 327 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 328 32920070702: 330 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 331 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 332 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 333 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 334 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 335 33620070701: 337 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 338 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 339 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 340 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 341 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 342 will change after some settling time. 343 34420070701: 345 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 346 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 347 information. 348 34920070612: 350 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 351 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 352 accordingly. 353 35420070612: 355 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 356 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 357 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 358 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 359 36020070612: 361 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 362 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 363 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 364 the IPv4 network stack. 365 366 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 367 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 368 has now been removed. 369 370 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 371 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 372 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 373 updated to reflect this. 374 375 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 376 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 377 interfaces. 378 37920070610: 380 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 381 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 382 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 383 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 384 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 385 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 386 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 387 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 388 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 389 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 390 operating properly. 391 39220070610: 393 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 394 function and starts providing an account management function. 395 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 396 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 397 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 398 399 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 400 401 and change it according to this example: 402 403 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 404 405 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 406 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 407 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 408 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 409 41020070529: 411 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 412 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 413 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 414 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 415 41620070516: 417 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 418 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 419 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 420 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 421 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 422 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 423 symbol. 424 42520070513: 426 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 427 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 428 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 429 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 430 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 431 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 432 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 433 434 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 435 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 436 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 437 43820070423: 439 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 440 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 441 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 442 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 443 44420070417: 445 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 446 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 447 44820070408: 449 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 450 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 451 base operating system should be recompiled. 452 45320070302: 454 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 455 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 456 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 457 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 458 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 459 46020070228: 461 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 462 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 463 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 464 deprecated in previous releases. 465 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 466 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 467 46820070224: 469 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 470 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 471 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 472 sync. For more info: 473 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 474 47520070224: 476 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 477 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 478 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 479 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 480 48120070214: 482 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 483 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 484 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 485 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 486 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 487 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 488 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 489 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 490 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 491 49220070210: 493 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 494 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 495 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 496 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 497 ip_mroute.ko module. 498 49920070207: 500 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 501 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 502 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 503 mrouted.conf. 504 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 505 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 506 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 507 50820061221: 509 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 510 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 511 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 512 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 513 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 514 in the loader. 515 51620061214: 517 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 518 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 519 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 520 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 521 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 522 52320061214: 524 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 525 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 526 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 527 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 528 52920061205: 530 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 531 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 532 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 533 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 534 linux module. 535 53620061126: 537 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 538 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 539 with exceptions of followings: 540 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 541 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 542 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 543 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 544 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 545 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 546 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 547 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 548 54920061122: 550 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 551 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 552 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 553 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 554 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 555 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 556 557 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 558 559 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 560 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 561 the array the same way you built it originally. 562 56320061122: 564 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 565 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 566 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 567 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 568 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 569 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 570 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 571 57220061113: 573 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 574 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 575 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 576 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 577 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 578 57920061110: 580 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 581 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 582 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 583 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 584 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 585 58620061026: 587 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 588 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 589 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 590 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 591 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 592 added to 'struct proc'. 593 59420060929: 595 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 596 59720060927: 598 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 599 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 600 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 601 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 602 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 603 60420060924: 605 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 606 60720060913: 608 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 609 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 610 systat needs to be rebuilt. 611 61220060903: 613 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 614 61520060816: 616 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 617 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 618 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 619 62020060725: 621 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 622 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 623 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 624 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 625 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 626 62720060709: 628 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 629 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 630 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 631 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 632 63320060627: 634 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 635 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 636 accordingly. 637 63820060514: 639 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 640 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 641 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 642 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 643 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 644 64520060511: 646 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 647 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 648 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 649 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 650 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 651 `make installworld' with: 652 653 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 654 655 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 656 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 657 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 658 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 659 66020060412: 661 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 662 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 663 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 664 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 665 rewrite rules. 666 66720060428: 668 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 669 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 670 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 671 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 672 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 673 implements the interface to support it. 674 67520060330: 676 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 677 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 678 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 679 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 680 functional. 681 68220060317: 683 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 684 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 685 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 686 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 687 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 688 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 689 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 690 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 691 likely follow. Posting to current@: 692 693 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 694 69520060305: 696 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 697 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 698 69920060303: 700 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 701 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 702 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 703 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 704 its dependencies. 705 70620060204: 707 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 708 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 709 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 710 71120060201: 712 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 713 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 714 71520060118: 716 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 717 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 718 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 719 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 720 on your next install. 721 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 722 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 723 to your /etc/make.conf. 724 72520060113: 726 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 727 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 728 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 729 73020060112: 731 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 732 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 733 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 734 73520060106: 736 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 737 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 738 73920060106: 740 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 741 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 742 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 743 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 744 74520051231: 746 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 747 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 748 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 749 75020051211: 751 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 752 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 753 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 754 accordingly. 755 75620051202: 757 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 758 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 759 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 760 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 761 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 762 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 763 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 764 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 765 76620051129: 767 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 768 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 769 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 770 77120051129: 772 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 773 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 774 77520051108: 776 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 777 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 778 77920051029: 780 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 781 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 782 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 783 78420051014: 785 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 786 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 787 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 788 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 789 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 790 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 791 modules afterwards. 792 79320051001: 794 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 795 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 796 79720050927: 798 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 799 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 800 80120050722: 802 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 803 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 804 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 805 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 806 architecture. 807 80820050711: 809 RELENG_6 branched here. 810 81120050629: 812 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 813 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 814 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 815 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 816 removable_interfaces. 817 81820050616: 819 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 820 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 821 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 822 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 823 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 824 affect existing configurations. 825 82620050610: 827 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 828 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 829 updated to the new APIs. 830 83120050609: 832 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 833 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 834 will not behave correctly. 835 836 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 837 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 838 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 839 84020050606: 841 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 842 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 843 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 844 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 845 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 846 847 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 848 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 849 anyway). 850 85120050605: 852 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 853 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 854 85520050603: 856 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 857 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 858 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 859 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 860 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 861 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 862 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 863 86420050528: 865 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 866 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 867 fail after this date. For full details, please see 868 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 869 87020050503: 871 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 872 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 873 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 874 87520050415: 876 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 877 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 878 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 879 should be updated. 880 88120050227: 882 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 883 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 884 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 885 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 886 88720050225: 888 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 889 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 890 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 891 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 892 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 893 none at this point.) 894 89520050224: 896 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 897 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 898 89920050223: 900 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 901 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 902 with the new kernel. 903 90420050223: 905 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 906 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 907 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 908 90920050220: 910 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 911 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 912 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 913 if you have updated the kernel. 914 915 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 916 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 917 mounting the new volume. 918 91920050206: 920 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 921 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 922 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 923 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 924 92520050206: 926 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 927 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 928 92920050114: 930 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 931 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 932 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 933 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 934 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 935 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 936 93720041221: 938 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 939 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 940 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 941 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 942 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 943 94420041219: 945 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 946 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 947 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 948 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 949 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 950 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 951 and wlan_xauth as required. 952 95320041213: 954 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 955 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 956 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 957 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 958 reflect the change. 959 96020041201: 961 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 962 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 963 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 964 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 965 the module when a wep key is configured). 966 96720041201: 968 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 969 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 970 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 971 97220041116: 973 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 974 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 975 97620041110: 977 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 978 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 979 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 980 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 981 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 982 their /etc/rc scripts. 983 98420041104: 985 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 986 98720041102: 988 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 989 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 990 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 991 99220041022: 993 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 994 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 995 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 996 99720041016: 998 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 999 in the RELENG_5 branch. 1000 1001COMMON ITEMS: 1002 1003 General Notes 1004 ------------- 1005 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1006 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1007 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1008 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1009 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1010 on the -current branch). 1011 1012 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1013 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1014 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1015 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1016 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1017 page for more details. 1018 1019 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1020 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1021 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1022 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1023 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1024 version upgrade. 1025 1026 To build a kernel 1027 ----------------- 1028 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1029 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1030 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1031 1032 make kernel-toolchain 1033 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1034 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1035 1036 To test a kernel once 1037 --------------------- 1038 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1039 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1040 debugging information) run 1041 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1042 nextboot -k testkernel 1043 1044 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1045 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1046 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1047 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1048 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1049 1050 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1051 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1052 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1053 make depend 1054 make 1055 make install 1056 1057 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1058 1059 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1060 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1061 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1062 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1063 1064 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1065 make buildworld 1066 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1067 [1] 1068 <reboot in single user> [3] 1069 mergemaster -p [5] 1070 make installworld 1071 make delete-old 1072 mergemaster [4] 1073 <reboot> 1074 1075 1076 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1077 -------------------------------------------------- 1078 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1079 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1080 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1081 # size. 1082 1083 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1084 <boot into -stable> 1085 make buildworld 1086 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1087 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1088 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1089 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1090 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1091 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1092 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1093 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1094 <reboot into current> 1095 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1096 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1097 <reboot> 1098 1099 1100 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1101 ---------------------------------------------- 1102 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1103 make buildworld [9] 1104 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1105 [1] 1106 <reboot in single user> [3] 1107 mergemaster -p [5] 1108 make installworld 1109 make delete-old 1110 mergemaster -i [4] 1111 <reboot> 1112 1113 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1114 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1115 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1116 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1117 the UPDATING entries. 1118 1119 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1120 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1121 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1122 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1123 much fewer pitfalls. 1124 1125 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1126 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1127 system on reboot. 1128 1129 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1130 fsck -p 1131 mount -u / 1132 mount -a 1133 cd src 1134 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1135 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1136 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1137 1138 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1139 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1140 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1141 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1142 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1143 for potential gotchas. 1144 1145 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1146 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1147 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1148 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1149 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1150 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1151 1152 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1153 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1154 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1155 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1156 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1157 1158 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1159 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1160 1161 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1162 cvs prune empty directories. 1163 1164 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1165 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1166 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1167 1168 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1169 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1170 warn if it is improperly defined. 1171FORMAT: 1172 1173This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1174breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1175and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1176previous releases if your system is older than this. 1177 1178Copyright information: 1179 1180Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1181 1182Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1183modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1184document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1185 1186THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1187IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1188WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1189DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1190INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1191(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1192SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1193HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1194STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1195IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1196POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1197 1198If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1199author a beer. 1200 1201Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1202this document. 1203 1204$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 186491 2008-12-25 10:05:00Z mav $ 1205