UPDATING revision 186119
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520081214: 26 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 27 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 28 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 29 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 30 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 31 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 32 none of the L2 information. 33 3420081130: 35 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 36 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 37 38 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 39 40 to their kernel config files when specifying: 41 42 device ath_hal 43 44 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 45 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 46 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 47 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 48 4920081121: 50 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 51 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 52 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 53 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 54 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 55 packets. 56 5720081117: 58 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 59 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 60 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 61 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 62 6320081028: 64 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 65 6620081009: 67 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 68 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 69 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 70 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 71 controller add the following to loader.conf: 72 73 uhci_load="YES" 74 ehci_load="YES" 75 7620081009: 77 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 78 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 79 sync. 80 8120080820: 82 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 83 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 84 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 85 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 86 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 87 88 PCI/ISA: 89 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 90 91 USB: 92 ubser, ucycom 93 94 Line disciplines: 95 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 96 97 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 98 cause compilation to fail. 99 10020080818: 101 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 102 10320080801: 104 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 105 106 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 107 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 108 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 109 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 110 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 111 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 112 accepting the RSA key. 113 114 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 115 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 116 command line. 117 118 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 119 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 120 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 121 behavior. 122 12320080713: 124 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 125 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 126 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 127 128 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 129 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 130 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 131 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 132 use the new device names. 133 134 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 135 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 136 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 137 at the loader prompt: 138 139 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 140 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 141 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 142 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 143 boot -s 144 14520080609: 146 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 147 disks instead. 148 14920080603: 150 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 151 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 152 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 153 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 154 15520080525: 156 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 157 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 158 15920080509: 160 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 161 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 162 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 163 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 164 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 165 16620080420: 167 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 168 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 169 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 170 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 171 For example, change: 172 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 173 to 174 wlans_ath0=wlan0 175 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 176 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 177 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 178 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 179 180 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 181 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 182 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 183 18420080408: 185 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 186 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 187 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 188 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 189 other operation levels. 190 19120080312: 192 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 193 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 194 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 195 compatibility with any prior release: 196 197 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 198 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 199 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 200 20120080301: 202 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 203 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 204 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 205 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 206 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 207 nonetheless. 208 20920080229: 210 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 211 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 212 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 213 with older hardware easier to do. 214 21520080220: 216 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 217 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 218 21920080211: 220 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 221 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 222 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 223 firewall rules. 224 22520080208: 226 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 227 mbuf chains. 228 22920080126: 230 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 231 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 232 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 233 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 234 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 235 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 236 third-party software might fail to build after this change 237 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 238 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 239 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 240 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 241 case that a portable fix is impossible. 242 24320080123: 244 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 245 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 246 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 247 24820071128: 249 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 250 functionality is the default now. 251 25220071118: 253 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 254 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 255 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 256 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 257 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 258 259 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 260 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 261 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 262 26320071024: 264 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 265 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 266 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 267 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 268 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 269 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 270 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 271 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 272 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 273 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 274 however. 275 27620071020: 277 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 278 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 279 used kproc_start().. 280 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 281 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 282 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 283 28420071010: 285 RELENG_7 branched. 286 28720071009: 288 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 289 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 290 29120070930: 292 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 293 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 294 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 295 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 296 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 297 29820070928: 299 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 300 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 301 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 302 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 303 rc.conf. 304 30520070921: 306 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 307 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 308 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 309 31020070704: 311 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 312 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 313 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 314 31520070702: 316 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 317 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 318 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 319 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 320 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 321 32220070701: 323 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 324 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 325 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 326 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 327 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 328 will change after some settling time. 329 33020070701: 331 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 332 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 333 information. 334 33520070612: 336 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 337 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 338 accordingly. 339 34020070612: 341 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 342 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 343 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 344 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 345 34620070612: 347 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 348 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 349 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 350 the IPv4 network stack. 351 352 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 353 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 354 has now been removed. 355 356 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 357 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 358 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 359 updated to reflect this. 360 361 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 362 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 363 interfaces. 364 36520070610: 366 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 367 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 368 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 369 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 370 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 371 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 372 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 373 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 374 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 375 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 376 operating properly. 377 37820070610: 379 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 380 function and starts providing an account management function. 381 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 382 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 383 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 384 385 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 386 387 and change it according to this example: 388 389 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 390 391 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 392 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 393 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 394 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 395 39620070529: 397 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 398 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 399 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 400 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 401 40220070516: 403 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 404 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 405 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 406 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 407 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 408 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 409 symbol. 410 41120070513: 412 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 413 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 414 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 415 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 416 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 417 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 418 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 419 420 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 421 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 422 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 423 42420070423: 425 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 426 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 427 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 428 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 429 43020070417: 431 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 432 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 433 43420070408: 435 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 436 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 437 base operating system should be recompiled. 438 43920070302: 440 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 441 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 442 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 443 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 444 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 445 44620070228: 447 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 448 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 449 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 450 deprecated in previous releases. 451 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 452 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 453 45420070224: 455 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 456 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 457 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 458 sync. For more info: 459 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 460 46120070224: 462 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 463 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 464 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 465 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 466 46720070214: 468 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 469 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 470 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 471 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 472 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 473 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 474 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 475 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 476 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 477 47820070210: 479 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 480 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 481 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 482 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 483 ip_mroute.ko module. 484 48520070207: 486 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 487 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 488 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 489 mrouted.conf. 490 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 491 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 492 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 493 49420061221: 495 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 496 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 497 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 498 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 499 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 500 in the loader. 501 50220061214: 503 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 504 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 505 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 506 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 507 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 508 50920061214: 510 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 511 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 512 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 513 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 514 51520061205: 516 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 517 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 518 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 519 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 520 linux module. 521 52220061126: 523 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 524 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 525 with exceptions of followings: 526 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 527 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 528 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 529 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 530 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 531 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 532 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 533 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 534 53520061122: 536 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 537 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 538 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 539 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 540 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 541 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 542 543 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 544 545 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 546 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 547 the array the same way you built it originally. 548 54920061122: 550 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 551 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 552 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 553 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 554 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 555 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 556 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 557 55820061113: 559 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 560 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 561 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 562 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 563 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 564 56520061110: 566 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 567 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 568 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 569 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 570 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 571 57220061026: 573 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 574 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 575 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 576 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 577 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 578 added to 'struct proc'. 579 58020060929: 581 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 582 58320060927: 584 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 585 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 586 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 587 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 588 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 589 59020060924: 591 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 592 59320060913: 594 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 595 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 596 systat needs to be rebuilt. 597 59820060903: 599 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 600 60120060816: 602 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 603 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 604 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 605 60620060725: 607 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 608 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 609 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 610 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 611 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 612 61320060709: 614 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 615 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 616 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 617 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 618 61920060627: 620 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 621 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 622 accordingly. 623 62420060514: 625 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 626 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 627 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 628 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 629 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 630 63120060511: 632 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 633 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 634 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 635 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 636 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 637 `make installworld' with: 638 639 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 640 641 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 642 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 643 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 644 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 645 64620060412: 647 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 648 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 649 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 650 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 651 rewrite rules. 652 65320060428: 654 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 655 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 656 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 657 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 658 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 659 implements the interface to support it. 660 66120060330: 662 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 663 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 664 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 665 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 666 functional. 667 66820060317: 669 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 670 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 671 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 672 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 673 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 674 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 675 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 676 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 677 likely follow. Posting to current@: 678 679 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 680 68120060305: 682 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 683 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 684 68520060303: 686 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 687 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 688 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 689 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 690 its dependencies. 691 69220060204: 693 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 694 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 695 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 696 69720060201: 698 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 699 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 700 70120060118: 702 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 703 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 704 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 705 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 706 on your next install. 707 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 708 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 709 to your /etc/make.conf. 710 71120060113: 712 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 713 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 714 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 715 71620060112: 717 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 718 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 719 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 720 72120060106: 722 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 723 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 724 72520060106: 726 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 727 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 728 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 729 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 730 73120051231: 732 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 733 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 734 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 735 73620051211: 737 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 738 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 739 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 740 accordingly. 741 74220051202: 743 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 744 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 745 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 746 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 747 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 748 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 749 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 750 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 751 75220051129: 753 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 754 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 755 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 756 75720051129: 758 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 759 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 760 76120051108: 762 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 763 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 764 76520051029: 766 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 767 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 768 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 769 77020051014: 771 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 772 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 773 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 774 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 775 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 776 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 777 modules afterwards. 778 77920051001: 780 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 781 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 782 78320050927: 784 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 785 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 786 78720050722: 788 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 789 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 790 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 791 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 792 architecture. 793 79420050711: 795 RELENG_6 branched here. 796 79720050629: 798 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 799 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 800 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 801 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 802 removable_interfaces. 803 80420050616: 805 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 806 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 807 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 808 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 809 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 810 affect existing configurations. 811 81220050610: 813 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 814 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 815 updated to the new APIs. 816 81720050609: 818 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 819 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 820 will not behave correctly. 821 822 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 823 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 824 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 825 82620050606: 827 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 828 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 829 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 830 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 831 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 832 833 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 834 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 835 anyway). 836 83720050605: 838 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 839 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 840 84120050603: 842 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 843 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 844 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 845 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 846 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 847 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 848 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 849 85020050528: 851 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 852 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 853 fail after this date. For full details, please see 854 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 855 85620050503: 857 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 858 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 859 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 860 86120050415: 862 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 863 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 864 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 865 should be updated. 866 86720050227: 868 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 869 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 870 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 871 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 872 87320050225: 874 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 875 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 876 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 877 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 878 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 879 none at this point.) 880 88120050224: 882 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 883 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 884 88520050223: 886 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 887 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 888 with the new kernel. 889 89020050223: 891 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 892 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 893 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 894 89520050220: 896 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 897 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 898 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 899 if you have updated the kernel. 900 901 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 902 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 903 mounting the new volume. 904 90520050206: 906 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 907 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 908 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 909 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 910 91120050206: 912 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 913 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 914 91520050114: 916 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 917 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 918 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 919 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 920 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 921 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 922 92320041221: 924 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 925 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 926 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 927 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 928 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 929 93020041219: 931 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 932 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 933 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 934 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 935 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 936 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 937 and wlan_xauth as required. 938 93920041213: 940 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 941 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 942 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 943 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 944 reflect the change. 945 94620041201: 947 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 948 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 949 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 950 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 951 the module when a wep key is configured). 952 95320041201: 954 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 955 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 956 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 957 95820041116: 959 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 960 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 961 96220041110: 963 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 964 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 965 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 966 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 967 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 968 their /etc/rc scripts. 969 97020041104: 971 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 972 97320041102: 974 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 975 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 976 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 977 97820041022: 979 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 980 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 981 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 982 98320041016: 984 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 985 in the RELENG_5 branch. 986 987COMMON ITEMS: 988 989 General Notes 990 ------------- 991 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 992 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 993 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 994 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 995 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 996 on the -current branch). 997 998 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 999 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1000 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1001 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1002 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1003 page for more details. 1004 1005 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 1006 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 1007 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 1008 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 1009 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 1010 version upgrade. 1011 1012 To build a kernel 1013 ----------------- 1014 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1015 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1016 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1017 1018 make kernel-toolchain 1019 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1020 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1021 1022 To test a kernel once 1023 --------------------- 1024 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1025 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1026 debugging information) run 1027 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1028 nextboot -k testkernel 1029 1030 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1031 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1032 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1033 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1034 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1035 1036 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1037 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1038 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1039 make depend 1040 make 1041 make install 1042 1043 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1044 1045 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1046 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1047 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1048 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1049 1050 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1051 make buildworld 1052 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1053 [1] 1054 <reboot in single user> [3] 1055 mergemaster -p [5] 1056 make installworld 1057 make delete-old 1058 mergemaster [4] 1059 <reboot> 1060 1061 1062 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1063 -------------------------------------------------- 1064 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1065 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1066 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1067 # size. 1068 1069 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1070 <boot into -stable> 1071 make buildworld 1072 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1073 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1074 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1075 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1076 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1077 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1078 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1079 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1080 <reboot into current> 1081 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1082 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1083 <reboot> 1084 1085 1086 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1087 ---------------------------------------------- 1088 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1089 make buildworld [9] 1090 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1091 [1] 1092 <reboot in single user> [3] 1093 mergemaster -p [5] 1094 make installworld 1095 make delete-old 1096 mergemaster -i [4] 1097 <reboot> 1098 1099 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1100 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1101 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1102 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1103 the UPDATING entries. 1104 1105 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1106 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1107 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1108 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1109 much fewer pitfalls. 1110 1111 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1112 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1113 system on reboot. 1114 1115 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1116 fsck -p 1117 mount -u / 1118 mount -a 1119 cd src 1120 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1121 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1122 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1123 1124 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1125 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1126 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1127 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1128 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1129 for potential gotchas. 1130 1131 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1132 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1133 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1134 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1135 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1136 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1137 1138 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1139 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1140 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1141 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1142 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1143 1144 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1145 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1146 1147 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1148 cvs prune empty directories. 1149 1150 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1151 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1152 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1153 1154 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1155 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1156 warn if it is improperly defined. 1157FORMAT: 1158 1159This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1160breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1161and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1162previous releases if your system is older than this. 1163 1164Copyright information: 1165 1166Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1167 1168Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1169modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1170document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1171 1172THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1173IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1174WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1175DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1176INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1177(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1178SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1179HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1180STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1181IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1182POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1183 1184If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1185author a beer. 1186 1187Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1188this document. 1189 1190$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 186119 2008-12-15 06:10:57Z qingli $ 1191