UPDATING revision 185075
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520081117: 26 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 27 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 28 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 29 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 30 3120081028: 32 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 33 3420081009: 35 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 36 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 37 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 38 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 39 controller add the following to loader.conf: 40 41 uhci_load="YES" 42 ehci_load="YES" 43 4420081009: 45 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 46 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 47 sync. 48 4920080820: 50 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 51 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 52 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 53 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 54 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 55 56 PCI/ISA: 57 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 58 59 USB: 60 ubser, ucycom 61 62 Line disciplines: 63 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 64 65 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 66 cause compilation to fail. 67 6820080818: 69 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 70 7120080801: 72 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 73 74 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 75 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 76 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 77 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 78 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 79 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 80 accepting the RSA key. 81 82 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 83 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 84 command line. 85 86 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 87 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 88 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 89 behavior. 90 9120080713: 92 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 93 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 94 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 95 96 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 97 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 98 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 99 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 100 use the new device names. 101 102 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 103 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 104 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 105 at the loader prompt: 106 107 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 108 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 109 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 110 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 111 boot -s 112 11320080609: 114 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 115 disks instead. 116 11720080603: 118 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 119 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 120 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 121 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 122 12320080525: 124 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 125 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 126 12720080509: 128 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 129 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 130 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 131 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 132 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 133 13420080420: 135 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 136 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 137 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 138 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 139 For example, change: 140 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 141 to 142 wlans_ath0=wlan0 143 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 144 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 145 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 146 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 147 148 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 149 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 150 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 151 15220080408: 153 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 154 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 155 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 156 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 157 other operation levels. 158 15920080312: 160 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 161 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 162 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 163 compatibility with any prior release: 164 165 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 166 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 167 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 168 16920080301: 170 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 171 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 172 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 173 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 174 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 175 nonetheless. 176 17720080229: 178 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 179 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 180 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 181 with older hardware easier to do. 182 18320080220: 184 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 185 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 186 18720080211: 188 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 189 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 190 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 191 firewall rules. 192 19320080208: 194 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 195 mbuf chains. 196 19720080126: 198 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 199 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 200 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 201 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 202 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 203 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 204 third-party software might fail to build after this change 205 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 206 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 207 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 208 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 209 case that a portable fix is impossible. 210 21120080123: 212 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 213 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 214 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 215 21620071128: 217 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 218 functionality is the default now. 219 22020071118: 221 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 222 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 223 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 224 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 225 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 226 227 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 228 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 229 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 230 23120071024: 232 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 233 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 234 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 235 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 236 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 237 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 238 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 239 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 240 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 241 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 242 however. 243 24420071020: 245 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 246 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 247 used kproc_start().. 248 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 249 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 250 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 251 25220071010: 253 RELENG_7 branched. 254 25520071009: 256 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 257 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 258 25920070930: 260 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 261 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 262 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 263 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 264 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 265 26620070928: 267 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 268 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 269 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 270 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 271 rc.conf. 272 27320070921: 274 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 275 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 276 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 277 27820070704: 279 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 280 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 281 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 282 28320070702: 284 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 285 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 286 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 287 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 288 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 289 29020070701: 291 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 292 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 293 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 294 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 295 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 296 will change after some settling time. 297 29820070701: 299 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 300 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 301 information. 302 30320070612: 304 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 305 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 306 accordingly. 307 30820070612: 309 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 310 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 311 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 312 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 313 31420070612: 315 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 316 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 317 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 318 the IPv4 network stack. 319 320 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 321 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 322 has now been removed. 323 324 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 325 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 326 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 327 updated to reflect this. 328 329 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 330 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 331 interfaces. 332 33320070610: 334 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 335 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 336 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 337 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 338 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 339 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 340 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 341 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 342 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 343 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 344 operating properly. 345 34620070610: 347 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 348 function and starts providing an account management function. 349 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 350 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 351 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 352 353 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 354 355 and change it according to this example: 356 357 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 358 359 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 360 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 361 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 362 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 363 36420070529: 365 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 366 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 367 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 368 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 369 37020070516: 371 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 372 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 373 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 374 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 375 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 376 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 377 symbol. 378 37920070513: 380 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 381 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 382 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 383 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 384 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 385 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 386 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 387 388 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 389 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 390 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 391 39220070423: 393 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 394 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 395 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 396 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 397 39820070417: 399 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 400 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 401 40220070408: 403 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 404 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 405 base operating system should be recompiled. 406 40720070302: 408 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 409 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 410 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 411 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 412 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 413 41420070228: 415 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 416 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 417 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 418 deprecated in previous releases. 419 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 420 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 421 42220070224: 423 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 424 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 425 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 426 sync. For more info: 427 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 428 42920070224: 430 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 431 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 432 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 433 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 434 43520070214: 436 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 437 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 438 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 439 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 440 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 441 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 442 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 443 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 444 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 445 44620070210: 447 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 448 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 449 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 450 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 451 ip_mroute.ko module. 452 45320070207: 454 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 455 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 456 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 457 mrouted.conf. 458 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 459 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 460 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 461 46220061221: 463 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 464 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 465 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 466 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 467 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 468 in the loader. 469 47020061214: 471 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 472 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 473 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 474 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 475 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 476 47720061214: 478 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 479 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 480 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 481 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 482 48320061205: 484 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 485 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 486 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 487 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 488 linux module. 489 49020061126: 491 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 492 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 493 with exceptions of followings: 494 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 495 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 496 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 497 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 498 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 499 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 500 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 501 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 502 50320061122: 504 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 505 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 506 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 507 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 508 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 509 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 510 511 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 512 513 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 514 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 515 the array the same way you built it originally. 516 51720061122: 518 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 519 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 520 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 521 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 522 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 523 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 524 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 525 52620061113: 527 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 528 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 529 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 530 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 531 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 532 53320061110: 534 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 535 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 536 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 537 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 538 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 539 54020061026: 541 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 542 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 543 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 544 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 545 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 546 added to 'struct proc'. 547 54820060929: 549 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 550 55120060927: 552 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 553 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 554 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 555 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 556 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 557 55820060924: 559 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 560 56120060913: 562 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 563 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 564 systat needs to be rebuilt. 565 56620060903: 567 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 568 56920060816: 570 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 571 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 572 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 573 57420060725: 575 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 576 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 577 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 578 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 579 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 580 58120060709: 582 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 583 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 584 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 585 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 586 58720060627: 588 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 589 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 590 accordingly. 591 59220060514: 593 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 594 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 595 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 596 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 597 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 598 59920060511: 600 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 601 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 602 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 603 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 604 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 605 `make installworld' with: 606 607 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 608 609 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 610 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 611 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 612 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 613 61420060412: 615 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 616 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 617 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 618 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 619 rewrite rules. 620 62120060428: 622 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 623 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 624 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 625 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 626 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 627 implements the interface to support it. 628 62920060330: 630 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 631 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 632 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 633 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 634 functional. 635 63620060317: 637 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 638 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 639 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 640 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 641 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 642 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 643 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 644 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 645 likely follow. Posting to current@: 646 647 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 648 64920060305: 650 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 651 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 652 65320060303: 654 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 655 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 656 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 657 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 658 its dependencies. 659 66020060204: 661 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 662 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 663 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 664 66520060201: 666 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 667 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 668 66920060118: 670 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 671 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 672 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 673 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 674 on your next install. 675 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 676 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 677 to your /etc/make.conf. 678 67920060113: 680 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 681 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 682 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 683 68420060112: 685 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 686 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 687 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 688 68920060106: 690 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 691 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 692 69320060106: 694 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 695 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 696 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 697 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 698 69920051231: 700 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 701 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 702 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 703 70420051211: 705 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 706 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 707 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 708 accordingly. 709 71020051202: 711 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 712 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 713 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 714 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 715 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 716 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 717 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 718 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 719 72020051129: 721 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 722 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 723 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 724 72520051129: 726 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 727 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 728 72920051108: 730 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 731 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 732 73320051029: 734 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 735 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 736 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 737 73820051014: 739 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 740 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 741 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 742 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 743 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 744 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 745 modules afterwards. 746 74720051001: 748 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 749 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 750 75120050927: 752 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 753 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 754 75520050722: 756 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 757 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 758 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 759 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 760 architecture. 761 76220050711: 763 RELENG_6 branched here. 764 76520050629: 766 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 767 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 768 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 769 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 770 removable_interfaces. 771 77220050616: 773 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 774 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 775 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 776 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 777 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 778 affect existing configurations. 779 78020050610: 781 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 782 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 783 updated to the new APIs. 784 78520050609: 786 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 787 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 788 will not behave correctly. 789 790 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 791 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 792 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 793 79420050606: 795 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 796 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 797 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 798 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 799 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 800 801 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 802 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 803 anyway). 804 80520050605: 806 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 807 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 808 80920050603: 810 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 811 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 812 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 813 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 814 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 815 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 816 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 817 81820050528: 819 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 820 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 821 fail after this date. For full details, please see 822 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 823 82420050503: 825 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 826 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 827 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 828 82920050415: 830 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 831 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 832 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 833 should be updated. 834 83520050227: 836 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 837 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 838 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 839 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 840 84120050225: 842 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 843 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 844 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 845 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 846 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 847 none at this point.) 848 84920050224: 850 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 851 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 852 85320050223: 854 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 855 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 856 with the new kernel. 857 85820050223: 859 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 860 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 861 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 862 86320050220: 864 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 865 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 866 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 867 if you have updated the kernel. 868 869 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 870 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 871 mounting the new volume. 872 87320050206: 874 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 875 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 876 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 877 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 878 87920050206: 880 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 881 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 882 88320050114: 884 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 885 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 886 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 887 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 888 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 889 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 890 89120041221: 892 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 893 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 894 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 895 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 896 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 897 89820041219: 899 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 900 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 901 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 902 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 903 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 904 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 905 and wlan_xauth as required. 906 90720041213: 908 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 909 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 910 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 911 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 912 reflect the change. 913 91420041201: 915 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 916 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 917 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 918 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 919 the module when a wep key is configured). 920 92120041201: 922 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 923 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 924 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 925 92620041116: 927 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 928 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 929 93020041110: 931 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 932 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 933 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 934 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 935 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 936 their /etc/rc scripts. 937 93820041104: 939 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 940 94120041102: 942 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 943 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 944 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 945 94620041022: 947 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 948 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 949 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 950 95120041016: 952 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 953 in the RELENG_5 branch. 954 955COMMON ITEMS: 956 957 General Notes 958 ------------- 959 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 960 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 961 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 962 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 963 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 964 on the -current branch). 965 966 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 967 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 968 environment when searching for values for global variables. 969 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 970 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 971 page for more details. 972 973 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 974 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 975 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 976 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 977 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 978 version upgrade. 979 980 To build a kernel 981 ----------------- 982 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 983 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 984 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 985 986 make kernel-toolchain 987 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 988 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 989 990 To test a kernel once 991 --------------------- 992 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 993 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 994 debugging information) run 995 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 996 nextboot -k testkernel 997 998 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 999 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1000 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 1001 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1002 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 1003 1004 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1005 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1006 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1007 make depend 1008 make 1009 make install 1010 1011 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1012 1013 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1014 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1015 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1016 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1017 1018 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1019 make buildworld 1020 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1021 [1] 1022 <reboot in single user> [3] 1023 mergemaster -p [5] 1024 make installworld 1025 make delete-old 1026 mergemaster [4] 1027 <reboot> 1028 1029 1030 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1031 -------------------------------------------------- 1032 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1033 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1034 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1035 # size. 1036 1037 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1038 <boot into -stable> 1039 make buildworld 1040 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1041 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1042 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1043 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1044 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1045 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1046 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1047 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1048 <reboot into current> 1049 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1050 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1051 <reboot> 1052 1053 1054 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1055 ---------------------------------------------- 1056 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1057 make buildworld [9] 1058 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1059 [1] 1060 <reboot in single user> [3] 1061 mergemaster -p [5] 1062 make installworld 1063 make delete-old 1064 mergemaster -i [4] 1065 <reboot> 1066 1067 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1068 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1069 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1070 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1071 the UPDATING entries. 1072 1073 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1074 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1075 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1076 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1077 much fewer pitfalls. 1078 1079 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1080 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1081 system on reboot. 1082 1083 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1084 fsck -p 1085 mount -u / 1086 mount -a 1087 cd src 1088 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1089 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1090 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1091 1092 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1093 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1094 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1095 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1096 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1097 for potential gotchas. 1098 1099 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1100 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1101 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1102 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1103 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1104 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1105 1106 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1107 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1108 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1109 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1110 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1111 1112 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1113 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1114 1115 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1116 cvs prune empty directories. 1117 1118 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1119 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1120 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1121 1122 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1123 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1124 warn if it is improperly defined. 1125FORMAT: 1126 1127This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1128breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1129and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1130previous releases if your system is older than this. 1131 1132Copyright information: 1133 1134Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1135 1136Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1137modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1138document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1139 1140THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1141IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1142WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1143DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1144INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1145(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1146SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1147HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1148STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1149IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1150POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1151 1152If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1153author a beer. 1154 1155Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1156this document. 1157 1158$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 185075 2008-11-19 00:25:15Z delphij $ 1159