UPDATING revision 182662
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080820: 26 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 27 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 28 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 29 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 30 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 31 32 PCI/ISA: 33 cy, digi, rc, rp, si, sio 34 35 USB: 36 ubser, ucycom, ufoma 37 38 Line disciplines: 39 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 40 41 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 42 cause compilation to fail. 43 4420080801: 45 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 46 47 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 48 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 49 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 50 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 51 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 52 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 53 accepting the RSA key. 54 55 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 56 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 57 command line. 58 5920080713: 60 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 61 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 62 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 63 64 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 65 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 66 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 67 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 68 use the new device names. 69 70 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 71 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 72 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 73 at the loader prompt: 74 75 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 76 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 77 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 78 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 79 boot -s 80 8120080609: 82 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 83 disks instead. 84 8520080603: 86 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 87 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 88 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 89 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 90 9120080525: 92 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 93 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 94 9520080509: 96 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 97 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 98 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 99 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 100 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 101 10220080420: 103 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 104 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 105 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 106 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 107 For example, change: 108 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 109 to 110 wlans_ath0=wlan0 111 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 112 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 113 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 114 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 115 116 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 117 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 118 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 119 12020080408: 121 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 122 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 123 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 124 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 125 other operation levels. 126 12720080312: 128 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 129 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 130 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 131 compatibility with any prior release: 132 133 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 134 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 135 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 136 13720080301: 138 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 139 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 140 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 141 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 142 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 143 nonetheless. 144 14520080229: 146 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 147 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 148 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 149 with older hardware easier to do. 150 15120080220: 152 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 153 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 154 15520080211: 156 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 157 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 158 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 159 firewall rules. 160 16120080208: 162 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 163 mbuf chains. 164 16520080126: 166 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 167 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 168 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 169 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 170 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 171 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 172 third-party software might fail to build after this change 173 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 174 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 175 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 176 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 177 case that a portable fix is impossible. 178 17920080123: 180 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 181 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 182 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 183 18420071128: 185 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 186 functionality is the default now. 187 18820071118: 189 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 190 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 191 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 192 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 193 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 194 195 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 196 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 197 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 198 19920071024: 200 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 201 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 202 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 203 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 204 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 205 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 206 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 207 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 208 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 209 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 210 however. 211 21220071020: 213 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 214 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 215 used kproc_start().. 216 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 217 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 218 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 219 22020071010: 221 RELENG_7 branched. 222 22320071009: 224 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 225 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 226 22720070930: 228 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 229 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 230 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 231 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 232 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 233 23420070928: 235 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 236 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 237 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 238 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 239 rc.conf. 240 24120070921: 242 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 243 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 244 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 245 24620070704: 247 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 248 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 249 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 250 25120070702: 252 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 253 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 254 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 255 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 256 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 257 25820070701: 259 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 260 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 261 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 262 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 263 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 264 will change after some settling time. 265 26620070701: 267 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 268 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 269 information. 270 27120070612: 272 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 273 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 274 accordingly. 275 27620070612: 277 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 278 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 279 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 280 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 281 28220070612: 283 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 284 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 285 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 286 the IPv4 network stack. 287 288 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 289 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 290 has now been removed. 291 292 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 293 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 294 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 295 updated to reflect this. 296 297 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 298 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 299 interfaces. 300 30120070610: 302 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 303 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 304 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 305 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 306 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 307 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 308 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 309 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 310 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 311 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 312 operating properly. 313 31420070610: 315 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 316 function and starts providing an account management function. 317 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 318 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 319 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 320 321 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 322 323 and change it according to this example: 324 325 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 326 327 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 328 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 329 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 330 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 331 33220070529: 333 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 334 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 335 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 336 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 337 33820070516: 339 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 340 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 341 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 342 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 343 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 344 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 345 symbol. 346 34720070513: 348 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 349 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 350 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 351 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 352 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 353 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 354 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 355 356 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 357 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 358 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 359 36020070423: 361 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 362 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 363 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 364 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 365 36620070417: 367 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 368 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 369 37020070408: 371 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 372 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 373 base operating system should be recompiled. 374 37520070302: 376 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 377 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 378 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 379 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 380 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 381 38220070228: 383 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 384 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 385 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 386 deprecated in previous releases. 387 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 388 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 389 39020070224: 391 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 392 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 393 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 394 sync. For more info: 395 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 396 39720070224: 398 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 399 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 400 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 401 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 402 40320070214: 404 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 405 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 406 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 407 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 408 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 409 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 410 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 411 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 412 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 413 41420070210: 415 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 416 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 417 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 418 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 419 ip_mroute.ko module. 420 42120070207: 422 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 423 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 424 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 425 mrouted.conf. 426 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 427 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 428 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 429 43020061221: 431 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 432 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 433 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 434 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 435 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 436 in the loader. 437 43820061214: 439 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 440 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 441 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 442 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 443 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 444 44520061214: 446 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 447 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 448 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 449 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 450 45120061205: 452 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 453 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 454 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 455 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 456 linux module. 457 45820061126: 459 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 460 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 461 with exceptions of followings: 462 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 463 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 464 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 465 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 466 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 467 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 468 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 469 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 470 47120061122: 472 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 473 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 474 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 475 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 476 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 477 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 478 479 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 480 481 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 482 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 483 the array the same way you built it originally. 484 48520061122: 486 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 487 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 488 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 489 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 490 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 491 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 492 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 493 49420061113: 495 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 496 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 497 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 498 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 499 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 500 50120061110: 502 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 503 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 504 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 505 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 506 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 507 50820061026: 509 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 510 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 511 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 512 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 513 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 514 added to 'struct proc'. 515 51620060929: 517 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 518 51920060927: 520 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 521 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 522 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 523 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 524 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 525 52620060924: 527 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 528 52920060913: 530 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 531 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 532 systat needs to be rebuilt. 533 53420060903: 535 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 536 53720060816: 538 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 539 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 540 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 541 54220060725: 543 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 544 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 545 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 546 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 547 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 548 54920060709: 550 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 551 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 552 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 553 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 554 55520060627: 556 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 557 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 558 accordingly. 559 56020060514: 561 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 562 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 563 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 564 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 565 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 566 56720060511: 568 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 569 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 570 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 571 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 572 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 573 `make installworld' with: 574 575 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 576 577 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 578 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 579 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 580 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 581 58220060412: 583 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 584 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 585 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 586 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 587 rewrite rules. 588 58920060428: 590 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 591 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 592 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 593 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 594 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 595 implements the interface to support it. 596 59720060330: 598 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 599 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 600 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 601 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 602 functional. 603 60420060317: 605 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 606 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 607 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 608 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 609 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 610 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 611 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 612 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 613 likely follow. Posting to current@: 614 615 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 616 61720060305: 618 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 619 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 620 62120060303: 622 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 623 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 624 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 625 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 626 its dependencies. 627 62820060204: 629 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 630 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 631 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 632 63320060201: 634 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 635 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 636 63720060118: 638 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 639 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 640 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 641 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 642 on your next install. 643 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 644 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 645 to your /etc/make.conf. 646 64720060113: 648 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 649 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 650 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 651 65220060112: 653 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 654 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 655 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 656 65720060106: 658 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 659 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 660 66120060106: 662 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 663 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 664 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 665 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 666 66720051231: 668 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 669 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 670 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 671 67220051211: 673 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 674 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 675 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 676 accordingly. 677 67820051202: 679 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 680 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 681 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 682 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 683 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 684 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 685 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 686 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 687 68820051129: 689 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 690 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 691 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 692 69320051129: 694 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 695 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 696 69720051108: 698 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 699 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 700 70120051029: 702 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 703 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 704 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 705 70620051014: 707 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 708 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 709 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 710 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 711 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 712 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 713 modules afterwards. 714 71520051001: 716 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 717 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 718 71920050927: 720 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 721 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 722 72320050722: 724 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 725 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 726 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 727 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 728 architecture. 729 73020050711: 731 RELENG_6 branched here. 732 73320050629: 734 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 735 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 736 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 737 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 738 removable_interfaces. 739 74020050616: 741 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 742 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 743 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 744 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 745 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 746 affect existing configurations. 747 74820050610: 749 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 750 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 751 updated to the new APIs. 752 75320050609: 754 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 755 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 756 will not behave correctly. 757 758 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 759 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 760 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 761 76220050606: 763 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 764 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 765 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 766 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 767 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 768 769 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 770 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 771 anyway). 772 77320050605: 774 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 775 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 776 77720050603: 778 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 779 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 780 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 781 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 782 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 783 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 784 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 785 78620050528: 787 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 788 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 789 fail after this date. For full details, please see 790 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 791 79220050503: 793 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 794 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 795 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 796 79720050415: 798 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 799 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 800 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 801 should be updated. 802 80320050227: 804 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 805 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 806 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 807 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 808 80920050225: 810 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 811 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 812 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 813 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 814 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 815 none at this point.) 816 81720050224: 818 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 819 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 820 82120050223: 822 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 823 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 824 with the new kernel. 825 82620050223: 827 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 828 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 829 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 830 83120050220: 832 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 833 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 834 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 835 if you have updated the kernel. 836 837 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 838 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 839 mounting the new volume. 840 84120050206: 842 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 843 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 844 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 845 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 846 84720050206: 848 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 849 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 850 85120050114: 852 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 853 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 854 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 855 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 856 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 857 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 858 85920041221: 860 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 861 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 862 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 863 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 864 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 865 86620041219: 867 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 868 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 869 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 870 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 871 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 872 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 873 and wlan_xauth as required. 874 87520041213: 876 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 877 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 878 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 879 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 880 reflect the change. 881 88220041201: 883 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 884 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 885 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 886 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 887 the module when a wep key is configured). 888 88920041201: 890 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 891 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 892 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 893 89420041116: 895 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 896 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 897 89820041110: 899 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 900 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 901 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 902 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 903 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 904 their /etc/rc scripts. 905 90620041104: 907 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 908 90920041102: 910 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 911 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 912 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 913 91420041022: 915 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 916 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 917 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 918 91920041016: 920 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 921 in the RELENG_5 branch. 922 923COMMON ITEMS: 924 925 General Notes 926 ------------- 927 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 928 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 929 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 930 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 931 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 932 on the -current branch). 933 934 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 935 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 936 environment when searching for values for global variables. 937 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 938 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 939 page for more details. 940 941 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 942 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 943 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 944 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 945 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 946 version upgrade. 947 948 To build a kernel 949 ----------------- 950 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 951 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 952 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 953 954 make kernel-toolchain 955 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 956 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 957 958 To test a kernel once 959 --------------------- 960 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 961 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 962 debugging information) run 963 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 964 nextboot -k testkernel 965 966 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 967 -------------------------------------------------------------- 968 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 969 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 970 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 971 972 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 973 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 974 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 975 make depend 976 make 977 make install 978 979 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 980 981 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 982 ----------------------------------------------------------- 983 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 984 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 985 986 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 987 make buildworld 988 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 989 [1] 990 <reboot in single user> [3] 991 mergemaster -p [5] 992 make installworld 993 make delete-old 994 mergemaster [4] 995 <reboot> 996 997 998 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 999 -------------------------------------------------- 1000 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1001 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1002 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1003 # size. 1004 1005 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1006 <boot into -stable> 1007 make buildworld 1008 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1009 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1010 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1011 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1012 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1013 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1014 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1015 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1016 <reboot into current> 1017 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1018 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 1019 <reboot> 1020 1021 1022 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1023 ---------------------------------------------- 1024 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1025 make buildworld [9] 1026 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1027 [1] 1028 <reboot in single user> [3] 1029 mergemaster -p [5] 1030 make installworld 1031 make delete-old 1032 mergemaster -i [4] 1033 <reboot> 1034 1035 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1036 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1037 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1038 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1039 the UPDATING entries. 1040 1041 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1042 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1043 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1044 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1045 much fewer pitfalls. 1046 1047 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1048 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1049 system on reboot. 1050 1051 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1052 fsck -p 1053 mount -u / 1054 mount -a 1055 cd src 1056 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1057 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1058 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1059 1060 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1061 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1062 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1063 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1064 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1065 for potential gotchas. 1066 1067 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1068 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1069 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1070 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1071 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1072 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1073 1074 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1075 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1076 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1077 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1078 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1079 1080 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1081 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1082 1083 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1084 cvs prune empty directories. 1085 1086 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1087 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1088 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1089 1090 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1091 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1092 warn if it is improperly defined. 1093FORMAT: 1094 1095This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1096breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1097and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1098previous releases if your system is older than this. 1099 1100Copyright information: 1101 1102Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1103 1104Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1105modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1106document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1107 1108THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1109IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1110WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1111DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1112INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1113(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1114SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1115HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1116STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1117IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1118POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1119 1120If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1121author a beer. 1122 1123Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1124this document. 1125 1126$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 182662 2008-09-01 23:50:56Z des $ 1127