UPDATING revision 178891
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080509: 26 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 27 see the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 28 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 29 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 30 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 31 3220080420: 33 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 34 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 35 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 36 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 37 For example, change: 38 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 39 to 40 wlans_ath0=wlan0 41 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 42 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 43 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 44 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 45 46 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 47 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 48 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 49 5020080408: 51 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 52 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 53 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 54 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 55 other operation levels. 56 5720080312: 58 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 59 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 60 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 61 compatibility with any prior release: 62 63 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 64 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 65 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 66 6720080301: 68 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 69 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 70 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 71 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 72 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 73 nonetheless. 74 7520080229: 76 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 77 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 78 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 79 with older hardware easier to do. 80 8120080220: 82 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 83 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 84 8520080211: 86 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 87 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 88 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 89 firewall rules. 90 9120080208: 92 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 93 mbuf chains. 94 9520080126: 96 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 97 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 98 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 99 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 100 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 101 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 102 third-party software might fail to build after this change 103 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 104 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 105 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 106 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 107 case that a portable fix is impossible. 108 10920080123: 110 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 111 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 112 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 113 11420071128: 115 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 116 functionality is the default now. 117 11820071118: 119 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 120 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 121 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 122 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 123 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 124 125 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 126 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 127 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 128 12920071024: 130 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 131 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 132 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 133 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 134 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 135 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 136 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 137 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 138 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 139 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 140 however. 141 14220071020: 143 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 144 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 145 used kproc_start().. 146 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 147 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 148 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 149 15020071010: 151 RELENG_7 branched. 152 15320071009: 154 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 155 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 156 15720070930: 158 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 159 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 160 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 161 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 162 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 163 16420070928: 165 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 166 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 167 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 168 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 169 rc.conf. 170 17120070921: 172 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 173 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 174 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 175 17620070704: 177 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 178 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 179 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 180 18120070702: 182 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 183 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 184 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 185 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 186 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 187 18820070701: 189 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 190 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 191 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 192 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 193 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 194 will change after some settling time. 195 19620070701: 197 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 198 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 199 information. 200 20120070612: 202 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 203 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 204 accordingly. 205 20620070612: 207 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 208 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 209 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 210 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 211 21220070612: 213 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 214 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 215 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 216 the IPv4 network stack. 217 218 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 219 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 220 has now been removed. 221 222 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 223 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 224 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 225 updated to reflect this. 226 227 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 228 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 229 interfaces. 230 23120070610: 232 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 233 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 234 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 235 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 236 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 237 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 238 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 239 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 240 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 241 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 242 operating properly. 243 24420070610: 245 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 246 function and starts providing an account management function. 247 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 248 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 249 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 250 251 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 252 253 and change it according to this example: 254 255 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 256 257 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 258 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 259 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 260 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 261 26220070529: 263 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 264 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 265 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 266 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 267 26820070516: 269 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 270 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 271 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 272 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 273 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 274 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 275 symbol. 276 27720070513: 278 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 279 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 280 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 281 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 282 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 283 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 284 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 285 286 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 287 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 288 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 289 29020070423: 291 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 292 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 293 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 294 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 295 29620070417: 297 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 298 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 299 30020070408: 301 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 302 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 303 base operating system should be recompiled. 304 30520070302: 306 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 307 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 308 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 309 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 310 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 311 31220070228: 313 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 314 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 315 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 316 deprecated in previous releases. 317 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 318 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 319 32020070224: 321 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 322 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 323 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 324 sync. For more info: 325 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 326 32720070224: 328 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 329 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 330 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 331 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 332 33320070214: 334 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 335 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 336 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 337 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 338 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 339 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 340 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 341 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 342 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 343 34420070210: 345 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 346 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 347 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 348 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 349 ip_mroute.ko module. 350 35120070207: 352 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 353 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 354 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 355 mrouted.conf. 356 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 357 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 358 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 359 36020061221: 361 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 362 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 363 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 364 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 365 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 366 in the loader. 367 36820061214: 369 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 370 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 371 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 372 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 373 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 374 37520061214: 376 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 377 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 378 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 379 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 380 38120061205: 382 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 383 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 384 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 385 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 386 linux module. 387 38820061126: 389 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 390 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 391 with exceptions of followings: 392 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 393 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 394 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 395 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 396 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 397 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 398 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 399 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 400 40120061122: 402 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 403 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 404 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 405 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 406 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 407 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 408 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 409 41020061113: 411 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 412 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 413 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 414 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 415 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 416 41720061110: 418 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 419 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 420 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 421 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 422 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 423 42420061026: 425 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 426 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 427 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 428 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 429 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 430 added to 'struct proc'. 431 43220060929: 433 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 434 43520060927: 436 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 437 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 438 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 439 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 440 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 441 44220060924: 443 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 444 44520060913: 446 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 447 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 448 systat needs to be rebuilt. 449 45020060903: 451 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 452 45320060816: 454 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 455 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 456 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 457 45820060725: 459 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 460 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 461 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 462 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 463 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 464 46520060709: 466 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 467 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 468 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 469 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 470 47120060627: 472 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 473 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 474 accordingly. 475 47620060514: 477 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 478 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 479 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 480 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 481 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 482 48320060511: 484 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 485 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 486 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 487 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 488 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 489 `make installworld' with: 490 491 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 492 493 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 494 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 495 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 496 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 497 49820060412: 499 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 500 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 501 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 502 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 503 rewrite rules. 504 50520060428: 506 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 507 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 508 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 509 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 510 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 511 implements the interface to support it. 512 51320060330: 514 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 515 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 516 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 517 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 518 functional. 519 52020060317: 521 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 522 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 523 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 524 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 525 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 526 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 527 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 528 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 529 likely follow. Posting to current@: 530 531 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 532 53320060305: 534 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 535 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 536 53720060303: 538 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 539 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 540 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 541 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 542 its dependencies. 543 54420060204: 545 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 546 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 547 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 548 54920060201: 550 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 551 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 552 55320060118: 554 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 555 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 556 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 557 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 558 on your next install. 559 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 560 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 561 to your /etc/make.conf. 562 56320060113: 564 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 565 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 566 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 567 56820060112: 569 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 570 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 571 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 572 57320060106: 574 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 575 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 576 57720060106: 578 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 579 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 580 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 581 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 582 58320051231: 584 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 585 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 586 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 587 58820051211: 589 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 590 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 591 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 592 accordingly. 593 59420051202: 595 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 596 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 597 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 598 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 599 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 600 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 601 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 602 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 603 60420051129: 605 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 606 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 607 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 608 60920051129: 610 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 611 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 612 61320051108: 614 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 615 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 616 61720051029: 618 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 619 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 620 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 621 62220051014: 623 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 624 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 625 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 626 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 627 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 628 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 629 modules afterwards. 630 63120051001: 632 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 633 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 634 63520050927: 636 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 637 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 638 63920050722: 640 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 641 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 642 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 643 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 644 architecture. 645 64620050711: 647 RELENG_6 branched here. 648 64920050629: 650 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 651 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 652 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 653 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 654 removable_interfaces. 655 65620050616: 657 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 658 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 659 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 660 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 661 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 662 affect existing configurations. 663 66420050610: 665 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 666 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 667 updated to the new APIs. 668 66920050609: 670 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 671 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 672 will not behave correctly. 673 674 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 675 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 676 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 677 67820050606: 679 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 680 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 681 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 682 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 683 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 684 685 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 686 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 687 anyway). 688 68920050605: 690 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 691 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 692 69320050603: 694 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 695 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 696 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 697 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 698 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 699 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 700 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 701 70220050528: 703 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 704 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 705 fail after this date. For full details, please see 706 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 707 70820050503: 709 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 710 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 711 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 712 71320050415: 714 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 715 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 716 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 717 should be updated. 718 71920050227: 720 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 721 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 722 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 723 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 724 72520050225: 726 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 727 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 728 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 729 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 730 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 731 none at this point.) 732 73320050224: 734 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 735 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 736 73720050223: 738 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 739 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 740 with the new kernel. 741 74220050223: 743 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 744 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 745 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 746 74720050220: 748 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 749 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 750 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 751 if you have updated the kernel. 752 753 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 754 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 755 mounting the new volume. 756 75720050206: 758 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 759 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 760 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 761 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 762 76320050206: 764 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 765 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 766 76720050114: 768 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 769 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 770 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 771 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 772 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 773 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 774 77520041221: 776 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 777 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 778 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 779 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 780 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 781 78220041219: 783 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 784 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 785 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 786 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 787 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 788 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 789 and wlan_xauth as required. 790 79120041213: 792 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 793 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 794 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 795 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 796 reflect the change. 797 79820041201: 799 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 800 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 801 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 802 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 803 the module when a wep key is configured). 804 80520041201: 806 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 807 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 808 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 809 81020041116: 811 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 812 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 813 81420041110: 815 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 816 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 817 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 818 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 819 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 820 their /etc/rc scripts. 821 82220041104: 823 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 824 82520041102: 826 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 827 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 828 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 829 83020041022: 831 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 832 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 833 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 834 83520041016: 836 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 837 in the RELENG_5 branch. 838 839COMMON ITEMS: 840 841 General Notes 842 ------------- 843 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 844 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 845 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 846 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 847 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 848 on the -current branch). 849 850 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 851 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 852 environment when searching for values for global variables. 853 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 854 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 855 page for more details. 856 857 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 858 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 859 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 860 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 861 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 862 version upgrade. 863 864 To build a kernel 865 ----------------- 866 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 867 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 868 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 869 870 make kernel-toolchain 871 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 872 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 873 874 To test a kernel once 875 --------------------- 876 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 877 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 878 debugging information) run 879 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 880 nextboot -k testkernel 881 882 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 883 -------------------------------------------------------------- 884 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 885 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 886 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 887 888 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 889 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 890 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 891 make depend 892 make 893 make install 894 895 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 896 897 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 898 ----------------------------------------------------------- 899 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 900 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 901 902 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 903 make buildworld 904 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 905 [1] 906 <reboot in single user> [3] 907 mergemaster -p [5] 908 make installworld 909 make delete-old 910 mergemaster [4] 911 <reboot> 912 913 914 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 915 -------------------------------------------------- 916 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 917 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 918 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 919 # size. 920 921 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 922 <boot into -stable> 923 make buildworld 924 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 925 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 926 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 927 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 928 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 929 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 930 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 931 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 932 <reboot into current> 933 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 934 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 935 <reboot> 936 937 938 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 939 ---------------------------------------------- 940 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 941 make buildworld [9] 942 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 943 [1] 944 <reboot in single user> [3] 945 mergemaster -p [5] 946 make installworld 947 make delete-old 948 mergemaster -i [4] 949 <reboot> 950 951 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 952 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 953 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 954 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 955 the UPDATING entries. 956 957 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 958 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 959 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 960 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 961 much fewer pitfalls. 962 963 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 964 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 965 system on reboot. 966 967 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 968 fsck -p 969 mount -u / 970 mount -a 971 cd src 972 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 973 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 974 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 975 976 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 977 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 978 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 979 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 980 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 981 for potential gotchas. 982 983 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 984 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 985 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 986 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 987 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 988 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 989 990 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 991 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 992 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 993 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 994 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 995 996 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 997 last time you updated your kernel config file. 998 999 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1000 cvs prune empty directories. 1001 1002 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1003 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1004 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1005 1006 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1007 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1008 warn if it is improperly defined. 1009FORMAT: 1010 1011This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1012breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1013and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1014previous releases if your system is older than this. 1015 1016Copyright information: 1017 1018Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1019 1020Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1021modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1022document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1023 1024THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1025IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1026WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1027DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1028INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1029(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1030SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1031HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1032STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1033IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1034POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1035 1036If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1037author a beer. 1038 1039Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1040this document. 1041 1042$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 178891 2008-05-09 23:14:01Z julian $ 1043