UPDATING revision 167123
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 7.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 7.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420070228: 25 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 26 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 27 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 28 deprecated in previous releases. 29 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 30 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 31 3220070224: 33 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 34 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 35 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 36 sync. For more info: 37 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 38 3920070224: 40 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 41 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 42 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 43 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 44 4520070218: 46 The following build error may appear when upgrading from an old 47 -current (usr.sbin/bsnmpd/modules/snmp_bridge, depend stage): 48 line 31: '(' expected at begin of node 49 context: " TruthValue ENUM ( 50 *** Error code 1 51 If so, run "make install" in usr.sbin/bsnmpd/gensnmptree. (It 52 should probably be a build tool). In the same module, you may 53 also get the error: 54 ...snmp_bridge/bridge_sys.c:39:27: 55 net/bridgestp.h: No such file or directory 56 If so, run "cp src/sys/net/bridgestp.h /usr/include/net". 57 5820070214: 59 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 60 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 61 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 62 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 63 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 64 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 65 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 66 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 67 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 68 6920070210: 70 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 71 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 72 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 73 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 74 ip_mroute.ko module. 75 7620070207: 77 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 78 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 79 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 80 mrouted.conf. 81 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 82 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 83 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 84 8520061221: 86 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 87 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 88 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 89 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 90 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 91 in the loader. 92 9320061214: 94 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 95 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 96 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 97 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 98 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 99 10020061214: 101 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 102 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 103 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 104 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 105 10620061205: 107 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 108 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 109 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 110 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 111 linux module. 112 11320061126: 114 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 115 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 116 with exceptions of followings: 117 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 118 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 119 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 120 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 121 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 122 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 123 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 124 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 125 12620061122: 127 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 128 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 129 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 130 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 131 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 132 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 133 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 134 13520061113: 136 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 137 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 138 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 139 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 140 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 141 14220061110: 143 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 144 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 145 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 146 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 147 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 148 14920061026: 150 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 151 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 152 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 153 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 154 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 155 added to 'struct proc'. 156 15720060929: 158 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 159 16020060927: 161 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 162 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 163 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 164 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 165 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 166 16720060924: 168 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 169 17020060913: 171 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 172 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 173 systat needs to be rebuilt. 174 17520060903: 176 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 177 17820060816: 179 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 180 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 181 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 182 18320060725: 184 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 185 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 186 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 187 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 188 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 189 19020060709: 191 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 192 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 193 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 194 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 195 19620060627: 197 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 198 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 199 accordingly. 200 20120060514: 202 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 203 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 204 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 205 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 206 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 207 20820060511: 209 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 210 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 211 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 212 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 213 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 214 `make installworld' with: 215 216 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 217 218 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 219 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 220 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 221 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 222 22320060412: 224 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 225 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 226 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 227 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 228 rewrite rules. 229 23020060428: 231 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 232 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 233 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 234 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 235 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 236 implements the interface to support it. 237 23820060330: 239 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 240 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 241 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 242 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 243 functional. 244 24520060317: 246 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 247 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 248 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 249 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 250 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 251 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 252 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 253 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 254 likely follow. Posting to current@: 255 256 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 257 25820060305: 259 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 260 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 261 26220060303: 263 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 264 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 265 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 266 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 267 its dependencies. 268 26920060204: 270 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 271 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 272 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 273 27420060201: 275 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 276 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 277 27820060118: 279 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 280 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 281 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 282 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 283 on your next install. 284 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 285 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 286 to your /etc/make.conf. 287 28820060113: 289 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 290 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 291 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 292 29320060112: 294 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 295 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 296 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 297 29820060106: 299 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 300 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 301 30220060106: 303 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 304 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 305 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 306 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 307 30820051231: 309 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 310 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 311 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 312 31320051211: 314 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 315 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 316 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 317 accordingly. 318 31920051202: 320 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 321 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 322 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 323 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 324 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 325 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 326 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 327 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 328 32920051129: 330 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 331 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 332 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 333 33420051129: 335 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 336 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 337 33820051108: 339 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 340 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 341 34220051029: 343 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 344 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 345 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 346 34720051014: 348 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 349 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 350 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 351 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 352 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 353 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 354 modules afterwards. 355 35620051001: 357 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 358 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 359 36020050927: 361 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 362 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 363 36420050722: 365 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 366 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 367 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 368 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 369 architecture. 370 37120050711: 372 RELENG_6 branched here. 373 37420050629: 375 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 376 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 377 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 378 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 379 removable_interfaces. 380 38120050616: 382 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 383 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 384 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 385 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 386 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 387 affect existing configurations. 388 38920050610: 390 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 391 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 392 updated to the new APIs. 393 39420050609: 395 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 396 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 397 will not behave correctly. 398 399 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 400 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 401 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 402 40320050606: 404 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 405 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 406 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 407 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 408 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 409 410 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 411 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 412 anyway). 413 41420050605: 415 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 416 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 417 41820050603: 419 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 420 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 421 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 422 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 423 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 424 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 425 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 426 42720050528: 428 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 429 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 430 fail after this date. For full details, please see 431 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 432 43320050503: 434 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 435 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 436 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 437 43820050415: 439 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 440 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 441 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 442 should be updated. 443 44420050227: 445 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 446 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 447 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 448 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 449 45020050225: 451 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 452 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 453 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 454 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 455 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 456 none at this point.) 457 45820050224: 459 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 460 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 461 46220050223: 463 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 464 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 465 with the new kernel. 466 46720050223: 468 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 469 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 470 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 471 47220050220: 473 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 474 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 475 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 476 if you have updated the kernel. 477 478 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 479 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 480 mounting the new volume. 481 48220050206: 483 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 484 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 485 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 486 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 487 48820050206: 489 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 490 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 491 49220050114: 493 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 494 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 495 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 496 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 497 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 498 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 499 50020041221: 501 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 502 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 503 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 504 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 505 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 506 50720041219: 508 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 509 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 510 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 511 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 512 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 513 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 514 and wlan_xauth as required. 515 51620041213: 517 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 518 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 519 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 520 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 521 reflect the change. 522 52320041201: 524 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 525 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 526 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 527 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 528 the module when a wep key is configured). 529 53020041201: 531 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 532 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 533 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 534 53520041116: 536 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 537 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 538 53920041110: 540 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 541 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 542 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 543 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 544 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 545 their /etc/rc scripts. 546 54720041104: 548 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 549 55020041102: 551 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 552 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 553 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 554 55520041022: 556 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 557 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 558 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 559 56020041016: 561 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 562 in the RELENG_5 branch. 563 564COMMON ITEMS: 565 566 General Notes 567 ------------- 568 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 569 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 570 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 571 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 572 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 573 on the -current branch). 574 575 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 576 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 577 environment when searching for values for global variables. 578 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 579 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 580 page for more details. 581 582 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 583 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 584 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 585 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 586 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 587 version upgrade. 588 589 To build a kernel 590 ----------------- 591 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 592 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 593 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 594 595 make kernel-toolchain 596 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 597 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 598 599 To test a kernel once 600 --------------------- 601 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 602 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 603 debugging information) run 604 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 605 nextboot -k testkernel 606 607 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 608 -------------------------------------------------------------- 609 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 610 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 611 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 612 613 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 614 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 615 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 616 make depend 617 make 618 make install 619 620 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 621 622 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 623 ----------------------------------------------------------- 624 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 625 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 626 627 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 628 make buildworld 629 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 630 [1] 631 <reboot in single user> [3] 632 mergemaster -p [5] 633 make installworld 634 make delete-old 635 mergemaster [4] 636 <reboot> 637 638 639 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 640 -------------------------------------------------- 641 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 642 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 643 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 644 # size. 645 646 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 647 <boot into -stable> 648 make buildworld 649 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 650 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 651 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 652 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 653 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 654 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 655 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 656 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 657 <reboot into current> 658 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 659 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 660 <reboot> 661 662 663 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 664 ---------------------------------------------- 665 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 666 make buildworld [9] 667 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 668 [1] 669 <reboot in single user> [3] 670 mergemaster -p [5] 671 make installworld 672 make delete-old 673 mergemaster -i [4] 674 <reboot> 675 676 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 677 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 678 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 679 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 680 the UPDATING entries. 681 682 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 683 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 684 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 685 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 686 much fewer pitfalls. 687 688 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 689 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 690 system on reboot. 691 692 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 693 fsck -p 694 mount -u / 695 mount -a 696 cd src 697 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 698 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 699 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 700 701 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 702 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 703 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 704 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 705 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 706 for potential gotchas. 707 708 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 709 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 710 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 711 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 712 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 713 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 714 715 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 716 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 717 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 718 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 719 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 720 721 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 722 last time you updated your kernel config file. 723 724 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 725 cvs prune empty directories. 726 727 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 728 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 729 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 730 731 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 732 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 733 warn if it is improperly defined. 734FORMAT: 735 736This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 737breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 738and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 739previous releases if your system is older than this. 740 741Copyright information: 742 743Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 744 745Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 746modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 747document are permitted without further permission from the author. 748 749THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 750IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 751WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 752DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 753INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 754(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 755SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 756HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 757STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 758IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 759POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 760 761If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 762author a beer. 763 764Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 765this document. 766 767$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 167123 2007-02-28 21:33:40Z bms $ 768