UPDATING revision 147684
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420050629: 25 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 26 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 27 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 28 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 29 removable_interfaces. 30 3120050610: 32 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 33 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 34 updated to the new APIs. 35 3620050609: 37 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 38 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 39 will not behave correctly. 40 41 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 42 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 43 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 44 4520050606: 46 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 47 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 48 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 49 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 50 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 51 5220050605: 53 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 54 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 55 5620050603: 57 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 58 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 59 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 60 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 61 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 62 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 63 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 64 6520050528: 66 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 67 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 68 fail after this date. For full details, please see 69 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 70 7120050503: 72 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 73 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 74 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 75 7620050415: 77 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 78 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 79 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 80 should be updated. 81 8220050227: 83 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 84 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 85 when crossing this point. 86 8720050225: 88 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 89 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 90 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 91 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 92 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 93 none at this point.) 94 9520050224: 96 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 97 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 98 9920050223: 100 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 101 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 102 with the new kernel. 103 10420050223: 105 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 106 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 107 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 108 10920050220: 110 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 111 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 112 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 113 if you have updated the kernel. 114 115 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 116 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 117 mounting the new volume. 118 11920050206: 120 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 121 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 122 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 123 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 124 12520050206: 126 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 127 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 128 12920050114: 130 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 131 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 132 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 133 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 134 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 135 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 136 13720041221: 138 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 139 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 140 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 141 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 142 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 143 14420041219: 145 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 146 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 147 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 148 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 149 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 150 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 151 and wlan_xauth as required. 152 15320041213: 154 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 155 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 156 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 157 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 158 reflect the change. 159 16020041201: 161 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 162 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 163 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 164 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 165 the module when a wep key is configured). 166 16720041201: 168 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 169 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 170 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 171 17220041116: 173 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 174 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 175 17620041110: 177 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 178 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 179 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 180 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 181 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 182 their /etc/rc scripts. 183 18420041104: 185 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 186 18720041102: 188 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 189 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 190 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 191 19220041022: 193 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 194 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 195 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 196 19720041016: 198 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 199 in the RELENG_5 branch. 200 201COMMON ITEMS: 202 203 General Notes 204 ------------- 205 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 206 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 207 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 208 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 209 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 210 on the -current branch). 211 212 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 213 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 214 environment when searching for values for global variables. 215 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 216 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 217 page for more details. 218 219 To build a kernel 220 ----------------- 221 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 222 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 223 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 224 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 225 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 226 227 To test a kernel once 228 --------------------- 229 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 230 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 231 debugging information) run 232 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 233 nextboot -k testkernel 234 235 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 236 -------------------------------------------------------------- 237 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 238 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 239 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 240 241 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 242 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 243 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 244 make depend 245 make 246 make install 247 248 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 249 250 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 251 ----------------------------------------------------------- 252 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 253 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 254 255 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 256 make buildworld 257 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 258 [1] 259 <reboot in single user> [3] 260 mergemaster -p [5] 261 make installworld 262 mergemaster [4] 263 <reboot> 264 265 266 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 267 -------------------------------------------------- 268 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 269 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 270 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 271 # size. 272 273 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 274 <boot into -stable> 275 make buildworld 276 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 277 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 278 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 279 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 280 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 281 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 282 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 283 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 284 <reboot into current> 285 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 286 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 287 <reboot> 288 289 290 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 291 ---------------------------------------------- 292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 293 make buildworld [9] 294 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 295 [1] 296 <reboot in single user> [3] 297 mergemaster -p [5] 298 make installworld 299 mergemaster -i [4] 300 <reboot> 301 302 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 303 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 304 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 305 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 306 the UPDATING entries. 307 308 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 309 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 310 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 311 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 312 much fewer pitfalls. 313 314 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 315 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 316 system on reboot. 317 318 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 319 fsck -p 320 mount -u / 321 mount -a 322 cd src 323 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 324 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 325 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 326 327 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 328 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 329 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 330 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 331 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 332 for potential gotchas. 333 334 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 335 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 336 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 337 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 338 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 339 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 340 341 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 342 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 343 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 344 that is hard to boot to recover. 345 346 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 347 last time you updated your kernel config file. 348 349 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 350 cvs prune empty directories. 351 352 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 353 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 354 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 355 356 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 357 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 358 warn if it is improperly defined. 359FORMAT: 360 361This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 362breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 363and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 364previous releases if your system is older than this. 365 366Copyright information: 367 368Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 369 370Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 371modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 372document are permitted without further permission from the author. 373 374THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 375IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 376WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 377DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 378INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 379(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 380SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 381HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 382STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 383IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 384POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 385 386If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 387author a beer. 388 389Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 390this document. 391 392$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 147684 2005-06-30 05:02:34Z brooks $ 393