UPDATING revision 147257
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 6.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 6.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. 23 2420050610: 25 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 26 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 27 updated to the new APIs. 28 2920050609: 30 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 31 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 32 will not behave correctly. 33 3420050606: 35 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 36 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 37 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 38 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 39 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 40 4120050605: 42 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 43 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 44 4520050603: 46 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 47 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 48 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 49 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 50 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 51 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 52 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 53 5420050528: 55 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 56 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 57 fail after this date. For full details, please see 58 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 59 6020050503: 61 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 62 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 63 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 64 6520050415: 66 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 67 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 68 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 69 should be updated. 70 7120050227: 72 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 73 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 74 when crossing this point. 75 7620050225: 77 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 78 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 79 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 80 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 81 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 82 none at this point.) 83 8420050224: 85 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 86 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 87 8820050223: 89 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 90 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 91 with the new kernel. 92 9320050223: 94 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 95 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 96 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 97 9820050220: 99 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 100 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 101 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 102 if you have updated the kernel. 103 104 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 105 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 106 mounting the new volume. 107 10820050206: 109 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 110 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 111 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 112 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 113 11420050206: 115 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 116 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 117 11820050114: 119 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 120 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 121 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 122 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 123 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 124 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 125 12620041221: 127 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 128 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 129 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 130 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 131 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 132 13320041219: 134 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 135 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 136 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 137 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 138 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 139 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 140 and wlan_xauth as required. 141 14220041213: 143 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 144 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 145 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 146 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 147 reflect the change. 148 14920041201: 150 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 151 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 152 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 153 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 154 the module when a wep key is configured). 155 15620041201: 157 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 158 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 159 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 160 16120041116: 162 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 163 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 164 16520041110: 166 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 167 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 168 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 169 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 170 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 171 their /etc/rc scripts. 172 17320041104: 174 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 175 17620041102: 177 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 178 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 179 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 180 18120041022: 182 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 183 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 184 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 185 18620041016: 187 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 188 in the RELENG_5 branch. 189 190COMMON ITEMS: 191 192 General Notes 193 ------------- 194 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 195 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 196 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 197 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 198 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 199 on the -current branch). 200 201 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 202 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 203 environment when searching for values for global variables. 204 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 205 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 206 page for more details. 207 208 To build a kernel 209 ----------------- 210 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 211 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 212 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 213 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 214 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 215 216 To test a kernel once 217 --------------------- 218 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 219 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 220 debugging information) run 221 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 222 nextboot -k testkernel 223 224 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 225 -------------------------------------------------------------- 226 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 227 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 228 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 229 230 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 231 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 232 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 233 make depend 234 make 235 make install 236 237 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 238 239 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 240 ----------------------------------------------------------- 241 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 242 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 243 244 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 245 make buildworld 246 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 247 [1] 248 <reboot in single user> [3] 249 mergemaster -p [5] 250 make installworld 251 mergemaster [4] 252 <reboot> 253 254 255 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 256 -------------------------------------------------- 257 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 258 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 259 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 260 # size. 261 262 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 263 <boot into -stable> 264 make buildworld 265 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 266 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 267 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 268 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 269 cd src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 270 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 271 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 272 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 273 <reboot into current> 274 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 275 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 276 <reboot> 277 278 279 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 280 ---------------------------------------------- 281 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 282 make buildworld [9] 283 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 284 [1] 285 <reboot in single user> [3] 286 mergemaster -p [5] 287 make installworld 288 mergemaster -i [4] 289 <reboot> 290 291 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 292 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 293 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 294 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 295 the UPDATING entries. 296 297 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 298 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 299 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 300 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 301 much fewer pitfalls. 302 303 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 304 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 305 system on reboot. 306 307 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 308 fsck -p 309 mount -u / 310 mount -a 311 cd src 312 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 313 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 314 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 315 316 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 317 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 318 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 319 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 320 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 321 for potential gotchas. 322 323 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 324 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 325 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 326 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 327 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 328 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 329 330 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 331 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 332 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 333 that is hard to boot to recover. 334 335 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 336 last time you updated your kernel config file. 337 338 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 339 cvs prune empty directories. 340 341 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 342 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 343 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 344 345 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 346 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 347 warn if it is improperly defined. 348FORMAT: 349 350This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 351breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 352and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 353previous releases if your system is older than this. 354 355Copyright information: 356 357Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 358 359Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 360modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 361document are permitted without further permission from the author. 362 363THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 364IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 365WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 366DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 367INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 368(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 369SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 370HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 371STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 372IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 373POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 374 375If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 376author a beer. 377 378Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 379this document. 380 381$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 147257 2005-06-10 16:51:49Z brooks $ 382