UPDATING revision 116111
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT 5.0-CURRENT IS SLOW: 8 FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT has many debugging features turned on, in 9 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 10 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 11 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 12 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 13 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 14 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 15 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 16 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 17 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 18 to maximize performance. 19 2020030509: 21 CCD has been changed to be a fully GEOMified class. Kernel 22 and ccdconfig(8) needs to be in sync, this is particularly 23 important to remember beforehand if your source tree is on 24 a ccd device. Consider making a copy of the old ccdconfig 25 into /boot/kernel.good or wherever you keep your backup 26 kernel. 27 2820030505: 29 Kerberos 5 (Heimdal) is now built by default. Setting 30 MAKE_KERBEROS5 no longer has any effect. If you do NOT 31 want the "base" Kerberos 5, you need to set NO_KERBEROS. 32 3320030502: 34 groff has been updated. If you try to do a buildworld and 35 get an infinite loop in troff, update to May 4th or newer. If you 36 have a newer kernel than userland, you may need to set the OSRELDATE 37 to 500110 in your environment before starting a buildworld. 38 3920030501: 40 The old rc system has been removed. Please report any problems 41 to freebsd-rc@yahoogroups.com, and/or freebsd-current@freebsd.org. 42 Your personal versions of these files will not be removed, so you can 43 continue to use them. However, you should take great care when updating, 44 especially when using mergemaster, since the compatibility code that 45 utilizes these old scripts has also been removed. 46 4720030423: 48 A bug has been fixed in /dev/devctl which would cause devd 49 to hang on boot, were it not for a workaround in devd. The 50 work around in devd will be removed around 20030507. You 51 have until then to upgrade your kernel before updating 52 userland. In general, you should have a userland and 53 kernel that's in sync with each other. However, given the 54 effects of this bug (hang on boot when starting devd), some 55 allowances are made. 56 5720030329: 58 Alphas with libc from between 20030312 and 20030329 exhibit 59 floating point exceptions (FPEs), most notably in awk(1) 60 while upgrading the system through a buildworld. 61 62 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 63 downgrade your libc.so to a pre-20030312 version, or update 64 /usr/share/mk/bsd.cpu.mk to revision 1.26 which adds -mieee 65 to CFLAGS, then forcibly rebuild and install libc: 66 67 cd /usr/src/lib/libc && \ 68 make cleandir && make obj && \ 69 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE all && \ 70 make -DNOMAN -DNOPROFILE install 71 7220030208: 73 sendmail 8.12.7 has been imported. It has one important 74 change for IPv6 users. The default submit.mc now uses 75 '[127.0.0.1]' instead of 'localhost' meaning only IPv4 is 76 used to connect to the MTA. Users on IPv6-only machines 77 will need to edit /etc/mail/submit.mc appropriately. 78 7920030128: 80 NODEVFS option has been removed and DEVFS thereby made standard. 81 This makes all references to MAKEDEV obsolete, and they should 82 be removed when convenient. 83 8420030126: 85 The name of the device for the ofw console has changed, sparc64 users 86 must run mergemaster to update their installed /etc/ttys. 87 8820030125: 89 The scheduler framework has grown a second scheduler and consequently 90 you must specify one and only one scheduler in your kernel config. 91 The cvs config files have been updated to use the old scheduler 92 which may be selected via 'options SCHED_4BSD'. If you would like 93 to try the new, much more experimental, scheduler please try 94 'options SCHED_ULE' and contribute to the arch@ discussion. 95 9620030115: 97 A new version of the wi driver has been imported into the tree. 98 One now must have device wlan in the config file for it to operate 99 properly. 100 101 In addition, there have been some changes to how wi devices are 102 configured for point to point links to bring it more in line 103 with the former way of doing things, as well as compatibility 104 with NetBSD. 105 10620021222: 107 For a period after the GCC 3.2.1 import (from 12/04 to 12/22), GCC 108 used an incompatible form of ABI for returning structures and unions 109 which FreeBSD's GCC maintainers were not aware of relative to previous 110 versions of FreeBSD. We have gone back to the ABI for now, and any 111 code compiled which is required to interoperate with other code (not 112 built at the same time) returning structs or unions should be 113 rebuilt. 114 11520021216: 116 A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 117 compatible with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 118 to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 119 with an outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 120 a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 121 12220021202: 123 The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 124 sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 125 with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 126 panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 127 12820021029: 129 The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 130 your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 131 consumers in sync. 132 13320021024: 134 Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. 135 This means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to 136 not use disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you 137 now must specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD 138 partition really is on. The old device names have gone 139 away, so if you use them anywhere else, you must also adjust 140 those uses. (This doesn't affect the disks formatted in 141 the ``dangerously-dedicated'' mode.) 142 14320021023: 144 Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 145 rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 146 with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 147 fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 148 segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 149 150 So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 151 upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 152 tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 153 "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 154 transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 155 -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 156 15720020831: 158 gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 159 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 160 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 161 162 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 163 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 164 16520020827: 166 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 167 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 168 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 169 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 170 17120020815: 172 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 173 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 174 again. 175 17620020729: 177 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 178 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 179 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 180 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 181 18220020702: 183 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 184 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 185 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 186 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 187 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 188 18920020701: 190 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 191 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 192 GNOME. 193 19420020511: 195 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 196 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 197 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 198 with the set-user-ID bit set. 199 20020020510: 201 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 202 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 203 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 204 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 205 20620020510: 207 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 208 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 209 and then do a cvs update. 210 21120020421: 212 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 213 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 214 21520020404: 216 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 217 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 218 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 219 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 220 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 221 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 222 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 223 22420020403: 225 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 226 22720020315: 228 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 229 23020020225: 231 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 232 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 233 23420020217: 235 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 236 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 237 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 238 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 239 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 240 241 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 242 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 243 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 244 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 245 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 246 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 247 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 248 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 249 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 250 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 251 as of this date. 252 25320020112: 254 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 255 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 256 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 257 you have local modifications, you can use 258 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 259 /etc/pam.d. 260 261 Please see the following url for more details: 262http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 26320011229: 264 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 265 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 266http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 267 26820011220: 269 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 270 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 271 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 272 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b 273 version have now been merged back into the base system's 274 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 275 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 276 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 277 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 278 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 279 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 280 28120011215: 282 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 283 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 284 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 285 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 286 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 287 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 288 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 289 fdcontrol(8). 290 29120011209: 292 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 293 and truss(1) now works again. 294 29520011207: 296 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 297 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 298 see 299http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 300 for details. 301 30220011204: 303 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 304 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 305 30620011203: 307 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 308 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 309 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 310 not there already. 311 312 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 313 until the issue has been resolved. 314 31520011202: 316 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 317 patched. 318 31920011126: 320 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 321 after this date. You need to do this only once. 322 32320011103: 324 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 325 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 326 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 327 32820011030: 329 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 330 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 331 33220011030: 333 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 334 33520011027: 336 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 337 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 338 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 339 try to use from this date forward. 340 34120011025: 342 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 343 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 344 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 345 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 346 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 347 34820011001: 349 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 350 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 351 at the same time. 352 35320010929: 354 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 355 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 356 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 357 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 358 (eg, you can build pc98 on an i386 machine and vice versa). 359 36020010927: 361 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 362 To disable ACPI you can add 363 hint.acpi.0.disabled="1" 364 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 365 loader "ok" prompt). 366 367 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 368 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 369 file and not list acpi in that list. 370 37120010924: 372 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 373 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 374 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 375 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 376 following to get them installed only once: 377 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 378 make all install 379 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 380 38120010919: 382 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 383 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 384 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 385 workaround is to add 386 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 387 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 388 can be removed afterwards. 389 390 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 391 39220010918: 393 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 394 NFS may be unstable after this date. 395 39620010912: 397 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 398 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 399 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 400 corrected. 401 40220010901: 403 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 404 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 405 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 406 have been rectified around this date. 407 40820010823: 409 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 410 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 411 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 412 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 413 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 414 permission for your name server configuration and that it 415 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 416 directory. 417 418 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 419 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 420 421 named_flags= 422 42320010709: 424 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 425 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 426 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 427 solution is to rebuild those ports. 428 42920010628: 430 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 431 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 432 43320010625: 434 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 435 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 436 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 437 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 438 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 439 44020010617: 441 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 442 44320010614: 444 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 445 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 446 kernel building methods. 447 44820010613: 449 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 450 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 451 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 452 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 453 45420010613: 455 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 456 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 457 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 458 45920010612: 460 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 461 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 462 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 463 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 464 until this bug is fixed. 465 466 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 467 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 468 hints.c file, whether you want it to or not. 469 47020010610: 471 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 472 47320010604: 474 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 475 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 476 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 477 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 478 479 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 480 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 481 it is). 482 483 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 484 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 485 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 486 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 487 48820010530: 489 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 490 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 491 a limited time. If you see 492 493install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 494 495 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 496 COPY=-C. 497 49820010525: 499 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 500 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 501 definitely is in bad shape. 502 50320010521: 504 Minor repo damage has happened. This may cause problems 505 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 506 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 507 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 508 is 509Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 510 51120010520: 512 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 513 51420010519: 515 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 516 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 517 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 518 51920010517: 520 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 521 userland at the same time. 522 52320010517: 524 New ncurses imported. 525 52620010512: 527 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 528 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 529 53020010504: 531 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 532 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 533 53420010502: 535 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 536 53720010501: 538 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 539 54020010430: 541 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 542 go back in the water. 543 54420010429: 545 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 546 this date, but before the correction date. 547 54820010423: 549 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 550 55120010411: 552 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 553 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 554 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 555 fsck with the new kernel ever. 556 55720010330: 558 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 559 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 560 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 561 56220010319: 563 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 564 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 565 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 566 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 567 56820010315: 569 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 570 and ATA_ENABLE_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 571 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 572 57320010312: 574 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 575 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 576 57720010312: 578 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 579 instead of ad-hoc. 580 58120010310: 582 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 583 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 584 ssh might not work if you don't. 585 58620010303: 587 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 588 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 589 you use the ed driver. 590 59120010220: 592 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 593 safe to go back into the water. 594 59520010211: 596 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 597 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 598 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 599 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 600 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 601 602 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 603 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 604 don't have to move this to the updating section. 605 606 To get around the installworld problem, do: 607 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 608 # make install 609 # cd /usr/src 610 # make installworld 611 If that doesn't work, then try: 612 # make -k installworld 613 # make installworld 614 61520010207: 616 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 617 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 618 61920010205: 620 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 621 Remove them from your config. 622 62320010122: 624 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 625 buildkernel has been changed slightly 626 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 627 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 628 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 629 63020010119: 631 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 632 This requires a new config to build correctly. 633 63420010116: 635 The kernel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 636 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 637 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 638 63920010110: 640 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 641 64220010102: 643 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 644 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 645 64620010101: 647 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 648 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 649 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 650 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 651 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 652 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 653 might have been ignored by the -k option. 654 655 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 656 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 657 of this working. 658 65920001228: 660 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 661 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink silliness is gone and the installed 662 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 663 66420001218: 665 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 666 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 667 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 668 cards will not be recognized without it. 669 67020001205: 671 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 672 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 673 adding the following in pam.conf: 674 675 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 676 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 677 sshd session required pam_permit.so 678 67920001031: 680 cvs updated to 1.11. 681 68220001020: 683 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 684 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 685 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 686 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 687 workaround. 688 68920001010: 690 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 691 Sendmail has been updated. 692 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 693 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 694 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 695 is set. 696 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 697 commands. 698 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 699 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 700 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 701 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 702 703 More details can be found at 704 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 705 70620001009: 707 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 708 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 709 71020001006: 711 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 712 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 713 /usr/bin/miniperl. 714 71520001005: 716 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 717 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 718 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 719 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 720 tree for anything to work. 721 72220000928: 723 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 724 72520000916: 726 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 727 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 728 same time as your kernel. 729 73020000914: 731 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 732 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 733 when they resume. Include 734 device pmtimer 735 in your config file and 736 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 737 to your /boot/device.hints file. 738 73920000911: 740 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 741 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 742 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 743 own kernel config file. 744 Remove: 745 options RANDOMDEV 746 Add: 747 device random 748 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 749 nothing. 750 75120000909: 752 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 753 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 754 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 755 The line should read: 756 random_load="YES" 757 75820000907: 759 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 760 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 761 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 762 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 763 first blush appear related to SMP. 764 76520000906: 766 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 767 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 768 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 769 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 770 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 771 77220000905: 773 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 774 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 775 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 776 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 777 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 778 77920000905: 780 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 781 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 782 is /boot/kernel. 783 784 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 785 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 786 installkernel/installworld dance. 787 788 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 789 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 790 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 791 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 792 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 793 794 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 795 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 796 chflags noschg /kernel.old 797 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 798 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 799 fi 800 80120000904: 802 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 803 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 804 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 805 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 806 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 807 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 808 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 809 is not likely to be generated. 810 81120000825: 812 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 813 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 814 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 815 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 816 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 817 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 818 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 819 kernel. 820 82120000821: 822 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 823 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 824 /boot/loader.conf. 825 82620000812: 827 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 828 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 829 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 830 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 831 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 832 will fix this until the next build. 833 83420000812: 835 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 836 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 837 include: 838 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 839 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 840 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 841 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 842 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 843 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 844 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 845 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 846 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 847 84820000810: 849 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 850 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 851 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 852 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 853 specific use for it. 854 85520000729: 856 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 857 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 858 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 859 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 860 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 861 inetd_enable="YES" 862 portmap_enable="YES" 863 sendmail_enable="YES" 864 86520000728: 866 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 867 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 868 86920000728: 870 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 871 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 872 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 873 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 874 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 875 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 876 to /MYKERNEL. 877 87820000711: 879 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 880 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 881 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 882 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 883 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 884 to get around them. 885 886 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 887 clauses above, you needn't worry. 888 88920000711: 890 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 891 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 892 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 893 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 894 89520000710: 896 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 897 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 898 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 899 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 900 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 901 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 902 errors. (see below, 20000624). 903 904 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 905 90620000709: 907 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 908 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 909 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 910 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 911 91220000706: 913 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 914 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 915 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 916 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 917 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 918 interim if needed. 919 92020000705: 921 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 922 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 923 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 924 details. 925 92620000704: 927 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 928 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 929 93020000704: 931 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 932 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 933 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 934 93520000630: 936 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 937 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 938 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 939 94020000625: 941 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 942 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 943 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 944 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 945 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 946 were required. You should check with the latest collections 947 to make sure that these haven't changed. 948 94920000624: 950 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 951 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 952 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 953 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 954 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 955 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 956 date to the completion of the work. 957 958 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 959 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 960 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 961 recreate the random and urandom devices. 962 96320000622: 964 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 965 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 966 that used to be required when updating. 967 96820000621: 969 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 970 the config file update procedure. 971 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 972 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 973 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file: 974 cd /sys/<ARCH>/conf && make LINT 975 97620000620: 977 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 978 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 979 that workaround will no longer be required. 980 98120000615: 982 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 983 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 984 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 985 devices. 986 987 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 988 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 989 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 990 may work). 991 99220000612: 993 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 994 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 995 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 996 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 997 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 998 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 999 1000 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 1001 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 1002 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 1003 in it. 1004 100520000522: 1006 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 1007 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 1008 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 1009 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 1010 1011 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 1012 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 1013 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 1014 is resolved. 1015 101620000513: 1017 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 1018 101920000510: 1020 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 1021 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 1022 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 1023 102420000503: 1025 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 1026 is now available. 1027 102820000502: 1029 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 1030 connected to the kernel building instead. 1031 103220000427: 1033 You may need to build gperf 1034 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 1035 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 1036 an option only in -current. 1037 103820000417: 1039 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 1040 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 1041 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 1042 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 1043 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 1044 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 1045 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 1046 104720000320: 1048 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 1049 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 1050 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 1051 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 1052 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 1053 105420000319: 1055 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 1056 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 1057 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 1058 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 1059 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 1060 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 1061 106220000318: 1063 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 1064 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 1065 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 1066 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 1067 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 1068 that you are loading are up to date. 1069 107020000315: 1071 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 1072 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 1073 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 1074 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 1075 boot. 1076 107720000315: 1078 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 1079 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 1080 1081COMMON ITEMS: 1082 1083 General Notes 1084 ------------- 1085 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 1086 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 1087 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 1088 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 1089 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 1090 on the -current branch). 1091 1092 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1093 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1094 environment when searching for values for global variables. 1095 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 1096 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 1097 page for more details. 1098 1099 To build a kernel 1100 ----------------- 1101 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1102 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1103 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1104 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1105 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1106 1107 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1108 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1109 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 1110 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1111 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1112 make depend 1113 make 1114 make install 1115 1116 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1117 1118 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1119 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1120 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1121 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1122 1123 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1124 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1125 make buildworld 1126 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1127 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1128 [1] 1129 <reboot in single user> [3] 1130 mergemaster -p [5] 1131 make installworld 1132 mergemaster [4] 1133 <reboot> 1134 1135 1136 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1137 -------------------------------------------------- 1138 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1139 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1140 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1141 # size. 1142 1143 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1144 <boot into -stable> 1145 make buildworld 1146 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1147 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1148 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1149 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1150 cp /usr/src/sys/${ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints \ 1151 ${CURRENT_ROOT}/boot/device.hints # as needed 1152 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1153 cd /usr/src/etc; make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1154 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1155 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1156 <reboot into current> 1157 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1158 <maybe install compatibility libraries from /usr/src/lib/compat> 1159 <reboot> 1160 1161 1162 To upgrade in-place from 4.x-stable to current 1163 ---------------------------------------------- 1164 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1165 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x 1166 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1167 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1168 # to back out of problems with this procedure. If /tmp is on 1169 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1170 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1171 # space on /. 1172 1173 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1174 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1175 make buildworld [9] 1176 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1177 cp src/sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1178 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1179 cd src/sys/boot ; make install [6] 1180 [1] 1181 <reboot in single user> [3] 1182 mergemaster -p [5] 1183 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1184 make installworld 1185 mergemaster [4] 1186 <reboot> 1187 1188 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1189 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1190 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1191 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1192 the UPDATING entries. 1193 1194 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1195 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1196 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1197 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1198 much fewer pitfalls. 1199 1200 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1201 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1202 system on reboot. 1203 1204 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1205 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1206 configuration. 1207 1208 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1209 fsck -p 1210 mount -u / 1211 mount -a 1212 cd /usr/src 1213 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1214 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1215 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1216 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1217 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1218 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1219 1220 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1221 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1222 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1223 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1224 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1225 for potential gotchas. 1226 1227 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1228 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1229 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1230 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1231 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1232 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1233 1234 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1235 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1236 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1237 ok unload 1238 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1239 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1240 described here. 1241 1242 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1243 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386 1244 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the 1245 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break. 1246 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1247 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. 1248 1249 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1250 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1251 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1252 that is hard to boot to recover. 1253 1254 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1255 cvs prune empty directories. 1256FORMAT: 1257 1258This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1259breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1260and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1261previous releases if your system is older than this. 1262 1263Copyright information: 1264 1265Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1266 1267Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1268modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1269document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1270 1271THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1272IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1273WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1274DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1275INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1276(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1277SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1278HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1279STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1280IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1281POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1282 1283If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1284author a beer. 1285 1286Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1287this document. 1288 1289$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 116111 2003-06-09 19:25:07Z phk $ 1290