UPDATING revision 107952
1174982SalcUpdating Information for FreeBSD current users 2174982Salc 3177956SalcThis file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4174982Salc<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5174982Salcdone items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6174982Salc 7174982SalcNOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT 5.0-CURRENT IS SLOW: 8174982Salc FreeBSD 5.0-CURRENT has many debugging features turned on, in 9174982Salc both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 10174982Salc incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 11174982Salc through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 12174982Salc also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 13174982Salc do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 14174982Salc you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 15174982Salc related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 16174982Salc in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 17174982Salc developers choose to disable these features on build machines 18174982Salc to maximize performance. 19174982Salc 20174982Salc20021216: 21174982Salc A name change in /etc/netconfig has been reverted to stay 22174982Salc compatible with with suns TIRPC and also with NetBSD. You need 23174982Salc to run mergemaster after make world. A new libc does still work 24174982Salc with a outdated /etc/netconfig for some time, but you'll get 25174982Salc a warning. This warning will be removed in 20030301. 26174982Salc 27174982Salc20021202: 28174982Salc The recent binutils upgrade marks a kernel flag day on 29174982Salc sparc64: modules built with the old binutils will not work 30174982Salc with new kernels and vice versa. Mismatches will result in 31174982Salc panics. Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 32174982Salc 33174982Salc20021029: 34174982Salc The value of IPPROTO_DIVERT has changed. Make sure to keep 35174982Salc your kernel, netstat, natd and any third-party DIVERT 36174982Salc consumers in sync. 37174982Salc 38174982Salc20021024: 39174982Salc Old, compatibility slices have been removed in GEOM kernels. This 40174982Salc means that you will have to update your /etc/fstab to not use 41174982Salc disk devices of the form /dev/ad0a. Instead, you now must 42174982Salc specify /dev/ad0s1a, or whatever slice your FreeBSD partition 43174982Salc really is on. The old device names have gone away, so if you 44174982Salc use them anywhere else, you must also adjust those uses. 45174982Salc 46174982Salc20021023: 47174982Salc Alphas with kernels from between 20020830 and 20021023 and/or 48174982Salc rtld (ld-elf.so.1) older than 20021023 may experience problems 49174982Salc with groff while doing a buildworld (kernel: "out of memory", 50174982Salc fixed in rev 1.129 of kern/imgact_elf.c; rtld: "too few PT_LOAD 51177956Salc segments", fixed in rev 1.8 of libexec/rtld-elf/map_object.c). 52262933Sdumbbell 53177956Salc So, to successfully upgrade your Alpha, you must either 54174982Salc upgrade your kernel and rtld first (which might be a bit 55174982Salc tricky), or avoid running the bootstrapped groff during the 56174982Salc "transitional" buildworld. To avoid running groff during the 57174982Salc transitional upgrade run make buildworld with -DNOMAN, 58174982Salc -DNO_SHAREDOCS, and -DNO_LPR. 59174982Salc 60174982Salc20020831: 61174982Salc gcc has been upgraded to 3.2. It is not all binary compatible 62 with earlier versions of gcc for c++ programs. All c++ 63 programs and libraries need to be recompiled. 64 65 Also, if you encounter g++ issues, rm /usr/include/g++/* before 66 doing an installworld to make sure that stale files are removed. 67 6820020827: 69 Our /etc/termcap now has all the entries from the XFree86 xterm 70 almost unchanged. This means xterm now supports color by default. 71 If you used TERM=xterm-color in the past you now should use 72 TERM=xterm. (xterm-color will lead to benign warnings). 73 7420020815: 75 A "bug" in gcc(1) that was hiding warning in system headers was 76 fixed. It's probably time to add -DNO_WERROR to your make line 77 again. 78 7920020729: 80 COPY is being deprecated. The 20010530 change was reverted, as 81 it causes far more pain than was expected, and to always compare 82 before installing, please use INSTALL="install -C" again. The 83 -C option is now silently ignored when used with the -d option. 84 8520020702: 86 Problems with libc_r clients like KDE and GNOME have been resolved. 87 There are still some minor problems with some signals but the 88 system is stable enough for general use again. SMP is less so than UP 89 but each can successfully complete multiple buildworlds. 90 Libkvm needs to be recompiled due to KSE. 91 9220020701: 93 Now would be a bad time to upgrade. Something in or near the 94 KSE commit totally broke programs using libc_r like KDE and 95 GNOME. 96 9720020511: 98 The k5su utility installed as part of Kerberos 5 is no longer 99 installed with the set-user-ID bit set by default. Add 100 ENABLE_SUID_K5SU=yes to /etc/make.conf to have it installed 101 with the set-user-ID bit set. 102 10320020510: 104 Gcc 3.1 debugging format (cc -g) has changed from STABS to DWARF2. 105 Unfortunately our native GDB (at version 4.18) does not understand 106 the DWARF2 debugging format. Thus you must use `gcc -gstabs+' to 107 generated debugging information for our native GDB. 108 10920020510: 110 Due to the way CVS works, it may not properly update src/contrib/gcc 111 to the 3.1 sources. The easiest fix is to `rm -rf' src/contrib/gcc 112 and then do a cvs update. 113 11420020421: 115 When exec'ing set[ug]id executables, the kernel now ensures that the 116 stdio file descriptors (0..2) are open. See FreeBSD-SA-02:23.stdio. 117 11820020404: 119 New sendmail startup scripts have been installed to make it 120 easier to use alternative MTAs with FreeBSD. Setting the rc.conf 121 variable sendmail_enable to "NO" no longer prevents any sendmail 122 daemons from starting. Instead, either set sendmail_enable to 123 "NONE" or change mta_start_script to a script for starting 124 an alternative MTA. Setting mta_start_script to "" will 125 also prevent any MTA from being started at boot. 126 12720020403: 128 UCONSOLE is no longer a valid kernel option. 129 13020020315: 131 FreeBSD 5.0 DP-1 was basically branched today. 132 13320020225: 134 Warnings are now errors in the kernel. Unless you are a developer, 135 you should add -DNO_WERROR to your make line. 136 13720020217: 138 sendmail 8.12.2 has been imported. The sendmail binary is no 139 longer a set-user-ID root binary and the infrastructure to support 140 command line mail submission has changed. Be sure to run 141 mergemaster (especially for updating /etc/rc, /etc/defaults/rc.conf, 142 and /etc/mail) and read /etc/mail/README for more details. 143 144 Due to the import of sendmail 8.12.2, a new user and group are 145 required in order for sendmail to run as a set-group-ID 146 binary. A 'make installworld' will use the new user and group 147 to set the owner and group of /var/spool/clientmqueue and will 148 fail if the new user and group do not exist. The 'smmsp' user 149 and group must be merged from src/etc/group and 150 src/etc/master.passwd before using 'make installworld'. 151 'mergemaster -p' will do this. You may need to install 152 mergemaster before this will work if you are updating from a 153 very old version of current. The updating recipe has changed 154 as of this date. 155 15620020112: 157 The preferred configuration method for PAM is now /etc/pam.d/ 158 rather than /etc/pam.conf. If you have an unmodified 159 pam.conf, just delete it after your next mergemaster run. If 160 you have local modifications, you can use 161 /usr/src/etc/pam.d/convert.pl to incorporate them into your 162 /etc/pam.d. 163 164 Please see the following url for more details: 165http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<xzp6667fyoa.fsf@flood.ping.uio.no> 16620011229: 167 If anyone here is already using the new rc.conf(5) variable 168 networkfs_types, please note that it has changed 169http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<9744.1009655556@axl.seasidesoftware.co.za> 170 17120011220: 172 sys/i4b/driver/i4b_ispppsubr.c has been retired. This file 173 started out its life in the ISDN4BSD project as an offspring 174 from sys/net/if_spppsubr.c, which eventually got a life of its 175 own. All the accumulated features and bugfixes of the i4b 176 version have now been merged back into the base system's 177 version now. The only user-visible change resulting from this 178 is that i4b's sppp(4) interfaces are to be managed with 179 spppcontrol(8) again, since ispppcontrol(8) has been retired 180 as well. (There has never been rc file support for 181 ispppcontrol in -current, but only in -stable. That will be 182 reverted by the time the changes are MFCed.) 183 18420011215: 185 The fdc(4) driver has been updated and now automatically 186 recognizes media in `standard' formats (like 1440 KB and 187 720 KB for a 3.5" high-density drive) when accessing the 188 default device node (e. g. /dev/fd0). The old variety of 189 floppy device nodes /dev/fd*.* is no longer present by 190 default, devices can be created (in DEVFS) on demand. They 191 will need to be customized then for `odd' densities using 192 fdcontrol(8). 193 19420011209: 195 The bugs in procfs' debugging support code have been fixed, 196 and truss(1) now works again. 197 19820011207: 199 Daily security checks have been split out to use the periodic(8) 200 scripts. Some change in configuration may be necessary. Please 201 see 202http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?db=mid&id=<20011207155805.R8975@blossom.cjclark.org> 203 for details. 204 20520011204: 206 sos added VCD/SVCD support to ata driver and that needs the 207 kernel and burncd to be in sync. 208 20920011203: 210 The procfs pseudo-filesystem has now been converted to use the 211 pseudofs framework. If you have 'options PROCFS' in your 212 kernel config, you'll need to add 'options PSEUDOFS' if it's 213 not there already. 214 215 This change temporarily breaks truss(1); use ktrace(1) instead 216 until the issue has been resolved. 217 21820011202: 219 A security hole in OpenSSH involving `UseLogin yes' has been 220 patched. 221 22220011126: 223 You need to remove /usr/obj/.../usr.bin/tip before rebuilding 224 after this date. You need to do this only once. 225 22620011103: 227 Most of the awk issues have been resolved. Some rough 228 edges may be left, but for the most part things should be 229 back to "normal." For CURRENT's usual definition of "normal." 230 23120011030: 232 Awk has been upgraded to the one true awk from bell labs. Expect 233 choppy waves in the upgrade process. 234 23520011030: 236 The asr driver problem has been resolved. 237 23820011027: 239 Due to changes in other parts of the system, the asr driver 240 now causes the system to panic on boot. Do not use it pending 241 correction. Comment it out of any kernel config file that you 242 try to use from this date forward. 243 24420011025: 245 When crossbuilding, use TARGET=xxx where you used to use 246 MACHINE=xxx. You don't need to set TARGET_ARCH and TARGET, 247 unless you are changing both of them. To cross build pc98 on 248 an alpha, for example, you need to set TARGET=pc98 and 249 TARGET_ARCH=i386. 250 25120011001: 252 The kernel interface that burncd depends on has changed. 253 You must recompile both the kernel and userland applications 254 at the same time. 255 25620010929: 257 When crossbuilding, please set TARGET_ARCH rather than 258 MACHINE_ARCH to indicate the target. In the future, one will 259 set TARGET_MACHINE where you set MACHINE now. At the moment, 260 setting MACHINE alone for same MACHINE_ARCH machines works 261 (eg, you can build pc98 on a i386 machine and vice versa). 262 26320010927: 264 Some weird problems result from using ACPI on some machines. 265 To disable ACPI you can add 266 hint.acpi.0.disable="1" 267 to /boot/loader.conf (or by putting set X=Y at the boot 268 loader "ok" prompt). 269 270 Alternatively, you can remove it from /boot/kernel/acpi.ko 271 or use the MODULES_OVERRIDE function in your kernel config 272 file and not list acpi in that list. 273 27420010924: 275 The buildworld has been fixed. You may need to install 276 the 4.x compatibility libraries for some old binaries 277 to work. Add COMPAT4X=true to your /etc/make.conf to 278 get them installed on every installworld, or execute the 279 following to get them installed only once: 280 cd src/lib/compat/compat4x.<arch> 281 make all install 282 You will see ``__stdoutp undefined'' until you do this. 283 28420010919: 285 There's a bug in the world build process. The cross-tools 286 are build with the NEW headers, but the OLD libc.a. This 287 leads to all kinds of problems with the new libc. A temporary 288 workaround is to add 289 CFLAGS="-O -pipe -D_OLD_STDIO" 290 before building world when upgrading from 4.x to current. This 291 can be removed afterwards. 292 293 A proper fix to the buildworld target is needed. 294 29520010918: 296 Peter has committed his new kthread nfs client/server code. 297 NFS may be unstable after this date. 298 29920010912: 300 KSE has hit the tree. Lots of things are now different in 301 the kernel. While a few problems were introduced in the 302 initial commit, most of the major ones have been found and 303 corrected. 304 30520010901: 306 In OLDCARD, CardBus bridges appear to be stable. The work 307 arounds described in the 20010604 entry are now no longer 308 necessary and will be ignored. Most insert/remove problems 309 have been rectified around this date. 310 31120010823: 312 named now runs as user bind and group bind rather than as 313 root. If named_enable is set to YES in /etc/rc.conf, ensure 314 that user bind is available in /etc/passwd (using vipw(8)) 315 and that group bind is available in /etc/group. Also make 316 sure that user or group bind has read (and not write) 317 permission for your name server configuration and that it 318 has read and write permission for your slave zone files and 319 directory. 320 321 If you wish to continue to run named as root (a less secure 322 alternative), add a line to /etc/rc.conf saying 323 324 named_flags= 325 32620010709: 327 The PAM libraries have had an API upgrade that is beyond 328 the ability of the shared library major number to handle. 329 It is manifested by PAM-using ports dumping core. The 330 solution is to rebuild those ports. 331 33220010628: 333 The kernel compile module has moved from src/sys/compile/FOO 334 to src/sys/${MACHINE}/compile/FOO. 335 33620010625: 337 The pccard modem issue from 20010613 has been corrected. 338 OLDCARD support is still a little weak in -current. slot 1 is 339 known not to work on some TI based cardbus bridges. Some 340 cardbus bridges do not properly detect insert/removal events. 341 IRQ configuration needs more safety belts. 342 34320010617: 344 Softupdates problems have been corrected. 345 34620010614: 347 Peter ripped out the linkerset support. You must, as always, 348 rerun config after you cvsup if you are using the traditional 349 kernel building methods. 350 35120010613: 352 pccard modems may not work with current after 20010604 date. Some 353 do, others result in panics. *MAKE*SURE* that you update your 354 config and /etc/rc.conf ala the 20010604 entry, or you will have 355 problems (this issue will be fixed, it just hasn't been yet). 356 35720010613: 358 SOFTUPDATES seem to be broken since the middle of May or so. Do not 359 use them in current. You can disable softupdates on all mounted 360 partitions, or remove SOFTUPDATES the kernel config file. 361 36220010612: 363 After Peter's commits to the hints code, people have been noticing 364 that certain devices are attached (or try to) twice. This is due 365 to having both static hints as well as a /boot/device.hints. To 366 work around this issue, please use only one or the other mechanism 367 until this bug is fixed. 368 369 Please note that a feature of config is that if you have config 370 file FOO and FOO.hints, it automatically adds FOO.hints to the 371 hints.c file, wheather you want it to or not. 372 37320010610: 374 Locale names have changed to match other systems better. 375 37620010604: 377 pccard support for pci cards has been committed. You must change 378 your /etc/pccard.conf irq lines. It must match the irq used by 379 pcic device. Interrupt storms may result if you fail to do this. 380 Interrupt storms look a lot like a hang. 381 382 You must also install a new pccardd, otherwise you will get an 383 interrupt storm at card reset time (just after it tells you what 384 it is). 385 386 pccardd_flags="-I" is necessary for the time being. It tells pccardd 387 not to ask the kernel if the interrupt is really free or not before 388 using it. You can either change the /etc/pccard.conf irq lines to 389 match pcic, or add "-i X" to the pccardd_flags. 390 39120010530: 392 INSTALL=install -C is being deprecated. If you want to do this, 393 use COPY=-C instead. The former method will be supported for only 394 a limited time. If you see 395 396install: warning: the -d and -C options may not be specified together 397 398 in your makeworld, then you need to migrate towards using 399 COPY=-C. 400 40120010525: 402 It appears that vm is now stable enough to use again. However, 403 there may be other problems, so caution is still urged. alpha 404 definitely is in bad shape. 405 40620010521: 407 Minor repo damange has happened. This may cause problems 408 with cvsup of ports. If you get errors, please see 409 http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=27495 410 at the bottom for details on a workaround. The error message 411 is 412Updater failed: Cannot delete "/usr/ports/www/jakarta-tomcat/files": Directory not empty 413 41420010520: 415 Vm and/or swapping are busted on -current. Please be patient. 416 41720010519: 418 pccard has had much reorganizational work done to it over 419 the past few days. Everything should still work, but if 420 not, please contact imp@freebsd.org. 421 42220010517: 423 ata ioctl changed. Make sure to recompile both kernel and 424 userland at the same time. 425 42620010517: 427 New ncurses imported. 428 42920010512: 430 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 431 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 432 43320010504: 434 OpenSSH has been updated to 2.9. Some defaults are different, 435 including RhostsRSAAuthentication, which changes from yes to no. 436 43720010502: 438 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 439 44020010501: 441 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 442 44320010430: 444 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDT. It is safe to 445 go back in the water. 446 44720010429: 448 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 449 this date, but before the correction date. 450 45120010423: 452 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 453 45420010411: 455 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 456 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 457 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 458 fsck with the new kernel ever. 459 46020010330: 461 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 462 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page for 463 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 464 46520010319: 466 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 467 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 468 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 469 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netconfig. 470 47120010315: 472 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 473 and ATA_ENABEL_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 474 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 475 47620010312: 477 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 478 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 479 48020010312: 481 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 482 instead of ad-hoc. 483 48420010310: 485 /dev/urandom should be a symbolic link to /dev/random now. 486 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 487 ssh might not work if you don't. 488 48920010303: 490 The ed driver has been updated. It now allows mii attachments, 491 which means that you must include the miibus in your kernel if 492 you use the ed driver. 493 49420010220: 495 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 496 safe to go back into the water. 497 49820010211: 499 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 500 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 501 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 502 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 503 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 504 505 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 506 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 507 don't have to move this to the updating section. 508 509 To get around the installworld problem, do: 510 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 511 # make install 512 # cd /usr/src 513 # make installworld 514 If that doesn't work, then try: 515 # make -k installworld 516 # make installworld 517 51820010207: 519 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 520 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 521 52220010205: 523 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 524 Remove them from your config. 525 52620010122: 527 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 528 buildkernel has been changed slightly 529 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 530 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 531 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 532 53320010119: 534 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 535 This requires a new config to build correctly. 536 53720010116: 538 The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 539 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 540 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 541 54220010110: 543 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 544 54520010102: 546 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 547 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 548 54920010101: 550 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 551 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 552 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 553 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 554 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 555 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 556 might have been ignored by the -k option. 557 558 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 559 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 560 of this working. 561 56220001228: 563 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 564 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed 565 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 566 56720001218: 568 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 569 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 570 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 571 cards will not be recognized without it. 572 57320001205: 574 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 575 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 576 adding the following in pam.conf: 577 578 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 579 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 580 sshd session required pam_permit.so 581 58220001031: 583 cvs updated to 1.11. 584 58520001020: 586 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 587 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 588 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 589 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 590 workaround. 591 59220001010: 593 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 594 Sendmail has been updated. 595 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 596 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 597 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 598 is set. 599 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 600 commands. 601 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 602 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 603 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 604 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 605 606 More details can be found at 607 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 608 60920001009: 610 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 611 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 612 61320001006: 614 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 615 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 616 /usr/bin/miniperl. 617 61820001005: 619 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 620 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 621 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 622 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 623 tree for anything to work. 624 62520000928: 626 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 627 62820000916: 629 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 630 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 631 same time as your kernel. 632 63320000914: 634 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 635 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 636 when they resume. Include 637 device pmtimer 638 in your config file and 639 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 640 to your /boot/device.hints file. 641 64220000911: 643 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 644 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 645 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 646 own kernel config file. 647 Remove: 648 options RANDOMDEV 649 Add: 650 device random 651 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 652 nothing. 653 65420000909: 655 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 656 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 657 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 658 The line should read: 659 random_load="YES" 660 66120000907: 662 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 663 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 664 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 665 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 666 first blush appear related to SMP. 667 66820000906: 669 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 670 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 671 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 672 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 673 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 674 67520000905: 676 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 677 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 678 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 679 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 680 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 681 68220000905: 683 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 684 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 685 is /boot/kernel. 686 687 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 688 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 689 installkernel/installworld dance. 690 691 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 692 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 693 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 694 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 695 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 696 697 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 698 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 699 chflags noschg /kernel.old 700 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 701 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 702 fi 703 70420000904: 705 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 706 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 707 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 708 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 709 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 710 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 711 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 712 is not likely to be generated. 713 71420000825: 715 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 716 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 717 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 718 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 719 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 720 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 721 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 722 kernel. 723 72420000821: 725 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 726 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 727 /boot/loader.conf. 728 72920000812: 730 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 731 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 732 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 733 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 734 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 735 will fix this until the next build. 736 73720000812: 738 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 739 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 740 include: 741 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 742 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 743 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 744 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 745 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 746 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 747 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 748 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 749 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 750 75120000810: 752 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 753 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 754 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 755 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 756 specific use for it. 757 75820000729: 759 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 760 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 761 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 762 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 763 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 764 inetd_enable="YES" 765 portmap_enable="YES" 766 sendmail_enable="YES" 767 76820000728: 769 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 770 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 771 77220000728: 773 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 774 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 775 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 776 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 777 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 778 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 779 to /MYKERNEL. 780 78120000711: 782 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 783 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 784 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 785 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 786 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 787 to get around them. 788 789 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 790 clauses above, you needn't worry. 791 79220000711: 793 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 794 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 795 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 796 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 797 79820000710: 799 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 800 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 801 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 802 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 803 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 804 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 805 errors. (see below, 20000624). 806 807 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 808 80920000709: 810 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 811 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 812 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 813 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 814 81520000706: 816 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 817 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 818 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 819 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 820 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 821 interim if needed. 822 82320000705: 824 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 825 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 826 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 827 details. 828 82920000704: 830 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 831 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 832 83320000704: 834 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 835 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 836 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 837 83820000630: 839 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 840 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 841 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 842 84320000625: 844 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 845 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 846 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 847 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 848 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 849 were required. You should check with the latest collections 850 to make sure that these haven't changed. 851 85220000624: 853 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 854 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 855 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 856 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT to 2000710 for cryptographic services 857 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 858 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 859 date to the completion of the work. 860 861 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 862 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 863 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 864 recreate the random and urandom devices. 865 86620000622: 867 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 868 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 869 that used to be required when updating. 870 87120000621: 872 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 873 the config file update procedure. 874 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 875 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 876 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file. 877 87820000620: 879 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 880 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 881 that workaround will no longer be required. 882 88320000615: 884 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 885 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 886 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 887 devices. 888 889 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 890 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 891 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 892 may work). 893 89420000612: 895 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 896 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 897 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 898 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 899 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 900 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 901 902 Indirectly, this also breaks USERCONFIG. Unless a newer entry 903 says that it has been fixed, assume that must use the hints mechanism 904 in the loader if you need to use a machine with very old ISA cards 905 in it. 906 90720000522: 908 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 909 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 910 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 911 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 912 913 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 914 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 915 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 916 is resolved. 917 91820000513: 919 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 920 92120000510: 922 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 923 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 924 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 925 92620000503: 927 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 928 is now available. 929 93020000502: 931 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 932 connected to the kernel building instead. 933 93420000427: 935 You may need to build gperf 936 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 937 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 938 an option only in -current. 939 94020000417: 941 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 942 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 943 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 944 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 945 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 946 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 947 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 948 94920000320: 950 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 951 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 952 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 953 /sbin/sysctl hw.ata.ata_dma=0 954 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 955 95620000319: 957 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 958 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 959 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 960 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 961 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 962 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 963 96420000318: 965 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 966 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 967 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 968 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 969 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 970 that you are loading are up to date. 971 97220000315: 973 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 974 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 975 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 976 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 977 boot. 978 97920000315: 980 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 981 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 982 983COMMON ITEMS: 984 985 General Notes 986 ------------- 987 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 988 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 989 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 990 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 991 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 992 on the -current branch). 993 994 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 995 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 996 environment when searching for values for global variables. 997 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 998 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 999 page for more details. 1000 1001 To build a kernel 1002 ----------------- 1003 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1004 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 1005 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 1006 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1007 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1008 1009 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1010 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1011 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 1012 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1013 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1014 make depend 1015 make 1016 make install 1017 1018 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1019 1020 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1021 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1022 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1023 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1024 1025 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1026 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1027 make buildworld 1028 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1029 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1030 [1] 1031 <reboot in single user> [3] 1032 mergemaster -p [5] 1033 make installworld 1034 mergemaster [4] 1035 <reboot> 1036 1037 1038 To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current 1039 ------------------------------------- 1040 # 5.x uses more space than 4.x. Also, the location of kernel 1041 # modules has changed. If you are installing 5.0 onto a 4.x 1042 # system, you'll need about 30MB of free disk space on your / 1043 # partition. If you have less than this, you may encounter difficult 1044 # to back out of problems with this proceedure. If /tmp is on 1045 # the / partition, you may want to completely remove all its content 1046 # before upgrading, as this can be a common source of shortage of 1047 # space on /. 1048 1049 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1050 <maybe fix /etc/fstab> [7] 1051 make buildworld [9] 1052 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1053 cp src/sys/${MACHINE}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 1054 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1055 cd src/sys/boot ; make install [6] 1056 [1] 1057 <reboot in single user> [3] 1058 mergemaster -p [5] 1059 rm -rf /usr/include/g++ 1060 make installworld 1061 mergemaster [4] 1062 <reboot> 1063 1064 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1065 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1066 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1067 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1068 the UPDATING entries. 1069 1070 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1071 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1072 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1073 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1074 much fewer pitfalls. 1075 1076 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1077 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1078 system on reboot. 1079 1080 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 1081 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 1082 configuration. 1083 1084 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1085 fsck -p 1086 mount -u / 1087 mount -a 1088 cd /usr/src 1089 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1090 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1091 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1092 For the 4.x -> 5.0 upgrade, you will also see many messages about 1093 needing to recompile your userland. These are harmless and can 1094 be ignored while you proceed to the next step. 1095 1096 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1097 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1098 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1099 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1100 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1101 for potential gotchas. 1102 1103 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1104 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1105 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1106 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1107 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1108 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1109 1110 [6] 4.x boot loader can be used to boot a 5.x system, however 1111 it is difficult to do that at best. If you wish to try, then 1112 you should interrupt the boot and at the ok prompt type: 1113 ok unload 1114 ok boot /boot/kernel/kernel 1115 If this fails to work, you must install a new boot loader as 1116 described here. 1117 1118 [7] Before you upgrade, please make sure that you are not using 1119 compatibility slices. These are device names of the form, on i386 1120 and other architectures that use MBR slicing, /dev/ad0a without the 1121 actual slice name. Chances are excellent that these will break. 1122 You generally must update these entries to use the post FreeBSD 1123 2.x form of /dev/ad0s1a. 1124 1125 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1126 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1127 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1128 that is hard to boot to recover. 1129 1130 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1131 cvs prune empty directories. 1132FORMAT: 1133 1134This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1135breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1136and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 1137previous releases if your system is older than this. 1138 1139Copyright information: 1140 1141Copyright 1998, 2002 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1142 1143Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1144modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1145document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1146 1147THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1148IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1149WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1150DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1151INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1152(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1153SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1154HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1155STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1156IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1157POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1158 1159If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1160author a beer. 1161 1162Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1163this document. 1164 1165$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 107952 2002-12-16 22:24:26Z mbr $ 1166