1/*-
2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993, 1994
5 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17 *    without specific prior written permission.
18 *
19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * SUCH DAMAGE.
30 */
31
32/*
33 * w - print system status (who and what)
34 *
35 * This program is similar to the systat command on Tenex/Tops 10/20
36 *
37 */
38#include <sys/param.h>
39#include <sys/time.h>
40#include <sys/stat.h>
41#include <sys/sysctl.h>
42#include <sys/proc.h>
43#include <sys/user.h>
44#include <sys/ioctl.h>
45#include <sys/sbuf.h>
46#include <sys/socket.h>
47#include <sys/tty.h>
48#include <sys/types.h>
49
50#include <machine/cpu.h>
51#include <netinet/in.h>
52#include <arpa/inet.h>
53#include <arpa/nameser.h>
54
55#include <ctype.h>
56#include <errno.h>
57#include <fcntl.h>
58#include <kvm.h>
59#include <langinfo.h>
60#include <libgen.h>
61#include <libutil.h>
62#include <limits.h>
63#include <locale.h>
64#include <netdb.h>
65#include <nlist.h>
66#include <paths.h>
67#include <resolv.h>
68#include <stdio.h>
69#include <stdlib.h>
70#include <string.h>
71#include <timeconv.h>
72#include <unistd.h>
73#include <utmpx.h>
74#include <vis.h>
75#include <libxo/xo.h>
76
77#include "extern.h"
78
79static struct utmpx *utmp;
80static struct winsize ws;
81static kvm_t   *kd;
82static time_t	now;		/* the current time of day */
83static size_t	ttywidth;	/* width of tty */
84static size_t	fromwidth = 0;	/* max width of "from" field */
85static size_t	argwidth;	/* width of arguments */
86static int	header = 1;	/* true if -h flag: don't print heading */
87static int	nflag;		/* true if -n flag: don't convert addrs */
88static int	dflag;		/* true if -d flag: output debug info */
89static int	sortidle;	/* sort by idle time */
90int		use_ampm;	/* use AM/PM time */
91static int	use_comma;      /* use comma as floats separator */
92static char   **sel_users;	/* login array of particular users selected */
93
94/*
95 * One of these per active utmp entry.
96 */
97static struct entry {
98	struct	entry *next;
99	struct	utmpx utmp;
100	dev_t	tdev;			/* dev_t of terminal */
101	time_t	idle;			/* idle time of terminal in seconds */
102	struct	kinfo_proc *kp;		/* `most interesting' proc */
103	char	*args;			/* arg list of interesting process */
104	struct	kinfo_proc *dkp;	/* debug option proc list */
105	char	*from;			/* "from": name or addr */
106	char	*save_from;		/* original "from": name or addr */
107} *ep, *ehead = NULL, **nextp = &ehead;
108
109#define	debugproc(p) *(&((struct kinfo_proc *)p)->ki_udata)
110
111#define	W_DISPUSERSIZE	10
112#define	W_DISPLINESIZE	8
113#define	W_MAXHOSTSIZE	40
114
115static void		 pr_header(time_t *, int);
116static struct stat	*ttystat(char *);
117static void		 usage(int);
118
119char *fmt_argv(char **, char *, char *, size_t);	/* ../../bin/ps/fmt.c */
120
121int
122main(int argc, char *argv[])
123{
124	struct kinfo_proc *kp;
125	struct kinfo_proc *dkp;
126	struct stat *stp;
127	time_t touched;
128	size_t width;
129	int ch, i, nentries, nusers, wcmd, longidle, longattime;
130	const char *memf, *nlistf, *p, *save_p;
131	char *x_suffix;
132	char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
133	char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN], fn[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
134	char *dot;
135
136	(void)setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
137	use_ampm = (*nl_langinfo(T_FMT_AMPM) != '\0');
138	use_comma = (*nl_langinfo(RADIXCHAR) != ',');
139
140	argc = xo_parse_args(argc, argv);
141	if (argc < 0)
142		exit(1);
143
144	/* Are we w(1) or uptime(1)? */
145	if (strcmp(basename(argv[0]), "uptime") == 0) {
146		wcmd = 0;
147		p = "";
148	} else {
149		wcmd = 1;
150		p = "dhiflM:N:nsuw";
151	}
152
153	memf = _PATH_DEVNULL;
154	nlistf = NULL;
155	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, p)) != -1)
156		switch (ch) {
157		case 'd':
158			dflag = 1;
159			break;
160		case 'h':
161			header = 0;
162			break;
163		case 'i':
164			sortidle = 1;
165			break;
166		case 'M':
167			header = 0;
168			memf = optarg;
169			break;
170		case 'N':
171			nlistf = optarg;
172			break;
173		case 'n':
174			nflag += 1;
175			break;
176		case 'f': case 'l': case 's': case 'u': case 'w':
177			xo_warnx("-%c no longer supported", ch);
178			/* FALLTHROUGH */
179		case '?':
180		default:
181			usage(wcmd);
182		}
183	argc -= optind;
184	argv += optind;
185
186	if (!(_res.options & RES_INIT))
187		res_init();
188	_res.retrans = 2;	/* resolver timeout to 2 seconds per try */
189	_res.retry = 1;		/* only try once.. */
190
191	if ((kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf)) == NULL)
192		xo_errx(1, "%s", errbuf);
193
194	(void)time(&now);
195
196	if (*argv)
197		sel_users = argv;
198
199	setutxent();
200	for (nusers = 0; (utmp = getutxent()) != NULL;) {
201		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
202		struct sockaddr_storage ss;
203		struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)&ss;
204		struct sockaddr_in *lsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)&ss;
205		struct sockaddr_in6 *lsin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)&ss;
206		int isaddr;
207
208		if (utmp->ut_type != USER_PROCESS)
209			continue;
210		if (!(stp = ttystat(utmp->ut_line)))
211			continue;	/* corrupted record */
212		++nusers;
213		if (wcmd == 0)
214			continue;
215		if (sel_users) {
216			int usermatch;
217			char **user;
218
219			usermatch = 0;
220			for (user = sel_users; !usermatch && *user; user++)
221				if (!strcmp(utmp->ut_user, *user))
222					usermatch = 1;
223			if (!usermatch)
224				continue;
225		}
226		if ((ep = calloc(1, sizeof(struct entry))) == NULL)
227			xo_errx(1, "calloc");
228		*nextp = ep;
229		nextp = &ep->next;
230		memmove(&ep->utmp, utmp, sizeof *utmp);
231		ep->tdev = stp->st_rdev;
232		/*
233		 * If this is the console device, attempt to ascertain
234		 * the true console device dev_t.
235		 */
236		if (ep->tdev == 0) {
237			size_t size;
238
239			size = sizeof(dev_t);
240			(void)sysctlbyname("machdep.consdev", &ep->tdev, &size, NULL, 0);
241		}
242		touched = stp->st_atime;
243		if (touched < ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec) {
244			/* tty untouched since before login */
245			touched = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
246		}
247		if ((ep->idle = now - touched) < 0)
248			ep->idle = 0;
249
250		save_p = p = *ep->utmp.ut_host ? ep->utmp.ut_host : "-";
251		if ((x_suffix = strrchr(p, ':')) != NULL) {
252			if ((dot = strchr(x_suffix, '.')) != NULL &&
253			    strchr(dot+1, '.') == NULL)
254				*x_suffix++ = '\0';
255			else
256				x_suffix = NULL;
257		}
258
259		isaddr = 0;
260		memset(&ss, '\0', sizeof(ss));
261		if (inet_pton(AF_INET6, p, &lsin6->sin6_addr) == 1) {
262			lsin6->sin6_len = sizeof(*lsin6);
263			lsin6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
264			isaddr = 1;
265		} else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, p, &lsin->sin_addr) == 1) {
266			lsin->sin_len = sizeof(*lsin);
267			lsin->sin_family = AF_INET;
268			isaddr = 1;
269		}
270		if (nflag == 0) {
271			/* Attempt to change an IP address into a name */
272			if (isaddr && realhostname_sa(fn, sizeof(fn), sa,
273			    sa->sa_len) == HOSTNAME_FOUND)
274				p = fn;
275		} else if (!isaddr && nflag > 1) {
276			/*
277			 * If a host has only one A/AAAA RR, change a
278			 * name into an IP address
279			 */
280			memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
281			hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;
282			hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
283			hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
284			if (getaddrinfo(p, NULL, &hints, &res) == 0) {
285				if (res->ai_next == NULL &&
286				    getnameinfo(res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen,
287					fn, sizeof(fn), NULL, 0,
288					NI_NUMERICHOST) == 0)
289					p = fn;
290				freeaddrinfo(res);
291			}
292		}
293
294		if (x_suffix) {
295			(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s:%s", p, x_suffix);
296			p = buf;
297		}
298		ep->from = strdup(p);
299		if ((width = strlen(p)) > fromwidth)
300			fromwidth = width;
301		if (save_p != p)
302			ep->save_from = strdup(save_p);
303	}
304	endutxent();
305
306#define HEADER_USER		"USER"
307#define HEADER_TTY		"TTY"
308#define HEADER_FROM		"FROM"
309#define HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE	"LOGIN@  IDLE "
310#define HEADER_WHAT		"WHAT\n"
311#define WUSED  (W_DISPUSERSIZE + W_DISPLINESIZE + fromwidth + \
312		sizeof(HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE) + 3)	/* header width incl. spaces */
313
314	if (sizeof(HEADER_FROM) > fromwidth)
315		fromwidth = sizeof(HEADER_FROM);
316	fromwidth++;
317	if (fromwidth > W_MAXHOSTSIZE)
318		fromwidth = W_MAXHOSTSIZE;
319
320	xo_open_container("uptime-information");
321
322	if (header || wcmd == 0) {
323		pr_header(&now, nusers);
324		if (wcmd == 0) {
325			xo_close_container("uptime-information");
326			if (xo_finish() < 0)
327				xo_err(1, "stdout");
328			(void)kvm_close(kd);
329			exit(0);
330		}
331
332		xo_emit("{T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s} {T:/%-*.*s}  {T:/%s}",
333				W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, HEADER_USER,
334				W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE, HEADER_TTY,
335				fromwidth, fromwidth, HEADER_FROM,
336				HEADER_LOGIN_IDLE HEADER_WHAT);
337	}
338
339	if ((kp = kvm_getprocs(kd, KERN_PROC_ALL, 0, &nentries)) == NULL)
340		xo_err(1, "%s", kvm_geterr(kd));
341	for (i = 0; i < nentries; i++, kp++) {
342		if (kp->ki_stat == SIDL || kp->ki_stat == SZOMB ||
343		    kp->ki_tdev == NODEV)
344			continue;
345		for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
346			if (ep->tdev == kp->ki_tdev) {
347				/*
348				 * proc is associated with this terminal
349				 */
350				if (ep->kp == NULL && kp->ki_pgid == kp->ki_tpgid) {
351					/*
352					 * Proc is 'most interesting'
353					 */
354					if (proc_compare(ep->kp, kp))
355						ep->kp = kp;
356				}
357				/*
358				 * Proc debug option info; add to debug
359				 * list using kinfo_proc ki_spare[0]
360				 * as next pointer; ptr to ptr avoids the
361				 * ptr = long assumption.
362				 */
363				dkp = ep->dkp;
364				ep->dkp = kp;
365				debugproc(kp) = dkp;
366			}
367		}
368	}
369	if ((ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
370	     ioctl(STDERR_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1 &&
371	     ioctl(STDIN_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == -1) || ws.ws_col == 0)
372	       ttywidth = 79;
373        else
374	       ttywidth = ws.ws_col - 1;
375	argwidth = ttywidth - WUSED;
376	if (argwidth < 4)
377		argwidth = 8;
378	/* Don't truncate if we're outputting json or XML. */
379	if (xo_get_style(NULL) != XO_STYLE_TEXT)
380		argwidth = ARG_MAX;
381	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
382		if (ep->kp == NULL) {
383			ep->args = strdup("-");
384			continue;
385		}
386		ep->args = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, ep->kp, argwidth),
387		    ep->kp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
388		if (ep->args == NULL)
389			xo_err(1, "fmt_argv");
390	}
391	/* sort by idle time */
392	if (sortidle && ehead != NULL) {
393		struct entry *from, *save;
394
395		from = ehead;
396		ehead = NULL;
397		while (from != NULL) {
398			for (nextp = &ehead;
399			    (*nextp) && from->idle >= (*nextp)->idle;
400			    nextp = &(*nextp)->next)
401				continue;
402			save = from;
403			from = from->next;
404			save->next = *nextp;
405			*nextp = save;
406		}
407	}
408
409	xo_open_container("user-table");
410	xo_open_list("user-entry");
411
412	for (ep = ehead; ep != NULL; ep = ep->next) {
413		time_t t;
414
415		xo_open_instance("user-entry");
416
417		if (dflag) {
418			xo_open_container("process-table");
419			xo_open_list("process-entry");
420
421			for (dkp = ep->dkp; dkp != NULL; dkp = debugproc(dkp)) {
422				const char *ptr;
423
424				ptr = fmt_argv(kvm_getargv(kd, dkp, argwidth),
425				    dkp->ki_comm, NULL, MAXCOMLEN);
426				if (ptr == NULL)
427					ptr = "-";
428				xo_open_instance("process-entry");
429				xo_emit("\t\t{:process-id/%-9d/%d} "
430				    "{:command/%hs}\n", dkp->ki_pid, ptr);
431				xo_close_instance("process-entry");
432			}
433			xo_close_list("process-entry");
434			xo_close_container("process-table");
435		}
436		xo_emit("{:user/%-*.*s/%@**@s} {:tty/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
437			W_DISPUSERSIZE, W_DISPUSERSIZE, ep->utmp.ut_user,
438			W_DISPLINESIZE, W_DISPLINESIZE,
439			*ep->utmp.ut_line ?
440			(strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "tty", 3) &&
441			 strncmp(ep->utmp.ut_line, "cua", 3) ?
442			 ep->utmp.ut_line : ep->utmp.ut_line + 3) : "-");
443
444		if (ep->save_from)
445		    xo_attr("address", "%s", ep->save_from);
446		xo_emit("{:from/%-*.*s/%@**@s} ",
447		    (int)fromwidth, (int)fromwidth, ep->from);
448		t = ep->utmp.ut_tv.tv_sec;
449		longattime = pr_attime(&t, &now);
450		longidle = pr_idle(ep->idle);
451		xo_emit("{:command/%.*hs/%@*@hs}\n",
452		    (int)argwidth - longidle - longattime,
453		    ep->args);
454
455		xo_close_instance("user-entry");
456	}
457
458	xo_close_list("user-entry");
459	xo_close_container("user-table");
460	xo_close_container("uptime-information");
461	if (xo_finish() < 0)
462		xo_err(1, "stdout");
463
464	(void)kvm_close(kd);
465	exit(0);
466}
467
468static void
469pr_header(time_t *nowp, int nusers)
470{
471	char buf[64];
472	struct sbuf upbuf;
473	double avenrun[3];
474	struct timespec tp;
475	unsigned long days, hrs, mins, secs;
476	unsigned int i;
477
478	/*
479	 * Print time of day.
480	 */
481	if (strftime(buf, sizeof(buf),
482	    use_ampm ? "%l:%M%p" : "%k:%M", localtime(nowp)) != 0)
483		xo_emit("{:time-of-day/%s} ", buf);
484	/*
485	 * Print how long system has been up.
486	 */
487	(void)sbuf_new(&upbuf, buf, sizeof(buf), SBUF_FIXEDLEN);
488	if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_UPTIME, &tp) != -1) {
489		xo_emit(" up");
490		secs = tp.tv_sec;
491		xo_emit("{e:uptime/%lu}", secs);
492		mins = secs / 60;
493		secs %= 60;
494		hrs = mins / 60;
495		mins %= 60;
496		days = hrs / 24;
497		hrs %= 24;
498		xo_emit("{e:days/%ld}{e:hours/%ld}{e:minutes/%ld}{e:seconds/%ld}",
499		    days, hrs, mins, secs);
500
501		/* If we've been up longer than 60 s, round to nearest min */
502		if (tp.tv_sec > 60) {
503			secs = tp.tv_sec + 30;
504			mins = secs / 60;
505			secs = 0;
506			hrs = mins / 60;
507			mins %= 60;
508			days = hrs / 24;
509			hrs %= 24;
510		}
511
512		if (days > 0)
513			sbuf_printf(&upbuf, " %ld day%s,",
514				days, days > 1 ? "s" : "");
515		if (hrs > 0 && mins > 0)
516			sbuf_printf(&upbuf, " %2ld:%02ld,", hrs, mins);
517		else if (hrs > 0)
518			sbuf_printf(&upbuf, " %ld hr%s,",
519				hrs, hrs > 1 ? "s" : "");
520		else if (mins > 0)
521			sbuf_printf(&upbuf, " %ld min%s,",
522				mins, mins > 1 ? "s" : "");
523		else
524			sbuf_printf(&upbuf, " %ld sec%s,",
525				secs, secs > 1 ? "s" : "");
526		if (sbuf_finish(&upbuf) != 0)
527			xo_err(1, "Could not generate output");
528		xo_emit("{:uptime-human/%s}", sbuf_data(&upbuf));
529		sbuf_delete(&upbuf);
530	}
531
532	/* Print number of users logged in to system */
533	xo_emit(" {:users/%d} {Np:user,users}", nusers);
534
535	/*
536	 * Print 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
537	 */
538	if (getloadavg(avenrun, nitems(avenrun)) == -1)
539		xo_emit(", no load average information available\n");
540	else {
541		static const char *format[] = {
542		    " {:load-average-1/%.2f}",
543		    " {:load-average-5/%.2f}",
544		    " {:load-average-15/%.2f}",
545		};
546		xo_emit(", load averages:");
547		for (i = 0; i < nitems(avenrun); i++) {
548			if (use_comma && i > 0)
549				xo_emit(",");
550			xo_emit(format[i], avenrun[i]);
551		}
552		xo_emit("\n");
553	}
554}
555
556static struct stat *
557ttystat(char *line)
558{
559	static struct stat sb;
560	char ttybuf[MAXPATHLEN];
561
562	(void)snprintf(ttybuf, sizeof(ttybuf), "%s%s", _PATH_DEV, line);
563	if (stat(ttybuf, &sb) == 0 && S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
564		return (&sb);
565	return (NULL);
566}
567
568static void
569usage(int wcmd)
570{
571	if (wcmd)
572		xo_error("usage: w [-dhin] [-M core] [-N system] [user ...]\n");
573	else
574		xo_error("usage: uptime\n");
575	xo_finish();
576	exit(1);
577}
578