1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7)----|----------------------* 19 \ | | 20 \ 1BSD | 21 32V | | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* | 23 \ / | | 24 \ / | | 25 \/ | | 26 3BSD | | 27 | | | 28 4.0BSD 2.79BSD | 29 | | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD <-* 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13] 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34] 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | -NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0 66 | / | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 <-----' *--NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite | 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ | 70 | | / | | \ | 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' | | \ | 72 | / | | | \ | 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | | | \ | 74 | / *--NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ | 75 | / | | \ | 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0 77 | \ | | 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1 79 | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 | 80 | | \ | | | | | 81 | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | | 82 | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | | 83 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | | 84 | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 | 85FreeBSD 2.1 | | | | 86 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.1 -. BSD/OS 2.1 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ | 88 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 | 90 | | | | | \ | | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | | 92 | | | | | \ | | 93 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | | 94 | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | | 95 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | | 96 | | | | | | 97 | | | | | | 98 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | | 99 | \ | | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | | 101 | | | | | | | 102 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 | 103 | | | | | | | 104 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | | 105 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 | 106 | | | | *--NetBSD 1.3 | | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | | 108 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1 109 | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | 110 | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | | 111 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | | 112 | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0 113 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | | 114 | | | | | | | | 115 | v | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 | 116 | FreeBSD 2.2.9 | | | | | | 117 | | | | | | | 118FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | | 119 | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | | 120 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | | 121 | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1 122 | FreeBSD 3.2----* | .--*--NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 | 123 | | | | | | | | | 124 | | | | | | | | | 125 | | | | | | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | | 127 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 | 128 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | | 129 | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1 130FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | | 131 | | | | | | | | | 132 | | | | | | | | | 133 | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 | 134 | | | | | | | | | 135 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | | 136 | | | | | | | | 137 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | | | 139 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | | 140 | | | | / | | | | 141 | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | | 142 | | Mac OS X | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2 143 | | | | | | 144 | | | | | | 145 | | 10.0 *--NetBSD 1.5 | | 146 | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | | 147 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 | 148 | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | | 149 | | | | | | | 150 | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | | 151 | | | Mac OS X | | | | 152 | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 | 153 | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | | 154 | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3 155 | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 | 156 | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | | 157 | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | 158 | | 10.2 | | | 159 | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | | 160 | | | *--NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 | 161 | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | | 162 | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | | 163 | |--------. | | | OpenBSD 3.3 BSD/OS 5.0 164 | | \ | | | | | 165 | FreeBSD 4.9 | | | | OpenBSD 3.4 BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 166 | | | | | | | 167 | | | | | NetBSD 1.6.2 | 168 | | | | | | | 169 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.5 170 | | | | | v | 171 | FreeBSD 4.10 | | | | 172 | | | | | | 173 | FreeBSD 4.11 | | | | 174 | | | | | 175 | `-|------|-----------------|---------------------. 176 | | | | \ 177FreeBSD 5.0 | | | | 178 | | | | | 179FreeBSD 5.1 | | | DragonFly 1.0 180 | \ | | | | 181 | ----- Mac OS X | | | 182 | 10.3 | | | 183FreeBSD 5.2 | | | | 184 | | | | | | 185 | FreeBSD 5.2.1 | | | | 186 | | | | | 187 *-------FreeBSD 5.3 | | | | 188 | | | | OpenBSD 3.6 | 189 | | | *--NetBSD 2.0 | | 190 | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.2.0 191 | | Mac OS X | | NetBSD 2.0.2 | | 192 | | 10.4 | | | | | 193 | FreeBSD 5.4 | | | | | | 194 | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.7 | 195 | | | | | NetBSD 2.0.3 | | 196 | | | | | | | | 197 *--FreeBSD | | | | v OpenBSD 3.8 | 198 | 6.0 | | | | | | 199 | | | | | \ | | 200 | | | | | NetBSD 2.1 | | 201 | | | | | | | 202 | | | | *--NetBSD 3.0 | | 203 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 1.4.0 204 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 3.9 | 205 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 206 | 6.1 | | | | | | | 207 | | FreeBSD 5.5 | | | | | | 208 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.1 | DragonFly 1.6.0 209 | | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.0 | 211 | | | | | NetBSD 3.0.2 | | 212 | | | | NetBSD 3.1 | | 213 | FreeBSD 6.2 | | | | 214 | | | | | DragonFly 1.8.0 215 | | | | OpenBSD 4.1 | 216 | | | | | DragonFly 1.10.0 217 | | Mac OS X | | | 218 | | 10.5 | | | 219 | | | | OpenBSD 4.2 | 220 | | | *--NetBSD 4.0 | | 221 | FreeBSD 6.3 | | | | | 222 | \ | | | | | 223 *--FreeBSD | | | | | DragonFly 1.12.0 224 | 7.0 | | | | | | 225 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.3 | 226 | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.0.0 227 | | FreeBSD | | 4.0.1 OpenBSD 4.4 | 228 | | 6.4 | | | | 229 | | | | | | 230 | FreeBSD 7.1 | | | | 231 | | | | | DragonFly 2.2.0 232 | FreeBSD 7.2 | *--NetBSD OpenBSD 4.5 | 233 | \ | | 5.0 | | 234 | \ | | / | \ | | 235 | | Mac OS X | | | \ | | 236 | | 10.6 | | | \ | | 237 | | | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 2.4.0 238 | | | | | | 5.0.1 OpenBSD 4.6 | 239 | | | | | | | | | 240 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | | 241 | 8.0 | | | | | | | | 242 | | FreeBSD | | | | NetBSD | | 243 | | 7.3 | | | | 5.0.2 | DragonFly 2.6.0 244 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.7 | 245 | FreeBSD | | | | | | | 246 | 8.1 | | | | | | | 247 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 2.8.2 248 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.8 | 249 | | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 250 | FreeBSD FreeBSD | | | 5.1 | | 251 | 8.2 7.4 | | | | | DragonFly 2.10.1 252 | | | | | | OpenBSD 4.9 | 253 | `-----. Mac OS X | | | | | 254 | \ 10.7 | | | | | 255 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.0 | 256 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | | 257 | 9.0 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.0.1 258 | | FreeBSD | | | 5.1.2 | | 259 | | 8.3 | | | | | | 260 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 261 | | | | | | 5.1.3 | | 262 | | | | | | | | | 263 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 264 | | | | | | 5.1.4 | | 265 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.1 | 266 | | | Mac OS X | `--------. | | 267 | | | 10.8 | | | | 268 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 269 | | | | | 6.0 | | | 270 | | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.2 DragonFly 3.2.1 271 | FreeBSD | | | | | NetBSD | | 272 | 9.1 | | | | | 5.2 | | 273 | | | | | | | | | | 274 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 275 | | | | | | | 5.2.1 | | 276 | | | | | | | | | | 277 | | | | | | | NetBSD | | 278 | | | | | | | 5.2.2 | | 279 | | | | | | | | | 280 | | | | | | \ | | 281 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 282 | | | | | | 6.0.1 | | 283 | | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.3 DragonFly 3.4.1 284 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 285 | | | | | | 6.0.2 | | 286 | | | | | | | | | 287 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 288 | | | | | | 6.0.3 | | 289 | | | | | | | | | 290 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 291 | | | | | | 6.0.4 | | 292 | | | | | | | | | 293 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 294 | | | | | | 6.0.5 | | 295 | | | | | | | | | 296 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 297 | | | | | | 6.0.6 | | 298 | | | | | | | | 299 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 300 | | | | | 6.1 | | 301 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 302 | | 8.4 | | NetBSD | | 303 | | | | | 6.1.1 | | 304 | | | | | | | 305 | FreeBSD | | NetBSD | | 306 | 9.2 | | 6.1.2 | | 307 | | Mac OS X | | | | 308 | | 10.9 | | OpenBSD 5.4 | 309 | `-----. | | | | DragonFly 3.6.0 310 | \ | | | | | 311 *--FreeBSD | | | NetBSD | | 312 | 10.0 | | | 6.1.3 | | 313 | | | | | | | | 314 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.1 315 | | | | | | | | 316 | | | | | | | | 317 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.2 318 | | | | | NetBSD | | 319 | | | | | 6.1.4 | | 320 | | | | | | | | 321 | | | | | | OpenBSD 5.5 | 322 | | | | | | | | 323 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.0 324 | | | | | | | | 325 | | | | | | | | 326 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.8.1 327 | | | | | | | | 328 | | | | | | | | 329 | | | | | | | DragonFly 3.6.3 330 | | | | | | | | 331 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 332 | | 9.3 | | | | | 333 | | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 3.8.2 334 | | | | 6.1.5 | | 335 | | Mac OS X | | | 336 | | 10.10 | | | 337 | | | | OpenBSD 5.6 | 338 | FreeBSD | | | | 339 | 10.1 | | | DragonFly 4.0.1 340 | | | | | | 341 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.2 342 | | | | | | 343 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.3 344 | | | | | | 345 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.4 346 | | | | | | 347 | | | | | DragonFly 4.0.5 348 | | | | | | 349 | | | | OpenBSD 5.7 | 350 | | | | | DragonFly 4.2.0 351 | FreeBSD | | | | 352 | 10.2 | | | | 353 | | macOS *--NetBSD 7.0 | | 354 | | 10.11 | | | OpenBSD 5.8 | 355 | | | | | `--. | DragonFly 4.4.1 356 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 5.9 | 357 | 10.3 | | | | | | 358 | | | | | NetBSD | | 359 | | | | | 7.0.1 | | 360 | `------. | | | | | DragonFly 4.6.0 361 | | | | | | | | 362 | | | | | | | | 363 *--FreeBSD | macOS | | | OpenBSD 6.0 | 364 | 11.0 | 10.12 | | NetBSD | | 365 | | | | | | 7.0.2 | | 366 | | | | | | | | 367 | | | | | *--NetBSD | | 368 | | | | | | 7.1 | | 369 | | | | | | | | | 370 | | | | | | | | | 371 | | | macOS | | | | DragonFly 4.8.0 372 | | | 10.13 | | | OpenBSD 6.1 | 373 | FreeBSD | | | | | | DragonFly 5.0.0 374 | 11.1 FreeBSD | | | | | | 375 | | 10.4 | | | | OpenBSD 6.2 DragonFly 5.0.1 376 | | | | | | | | 377 | `------. | | | NetBSD | DragonFly 5.0.2 378 | | | | | 7.1.1 | | 379 | | | | | | | | 380 | | | | | NetBSD | | 381 | | | | | 7.1.2 `--. | 382 | | | | | | | 383 | | | | `-----. OpenBSD 6.3 | 384 | | | *--NetBSD | | DragonFly 5.2.0 385 | | | | 8.0 | | | 386 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.1 387 | | | | | | | | 388 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.2.2 389 | FreeBSD | | | *--NetBSD | | 390 | 11.2 | | | 7.2 | | 391 | | macOS | | | | 392 | | 10.14 | | OpenBSD 6.4 | 393 | | | | | | | 394 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.0 395 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 396 | 12.0 | | | | | DragonFly 5.4.1 397 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.5 | 398 | | | | | | | | 399 | | | | | NetBSD | | 400 | | | | | 8.1 | DragonFly 5.6 401 | | | | | | | | 402 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.1 403 | | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 404 | | 11.3 10.15 | | | | 405 | FreeBSD | | | | OpenBSD 6.6 | 406 | 12.1 | macOS | `-------. | | 407 | | | 10.15.1 | | | DragonFly 5.6.2 408 | | | | *--NetBSD | | | 409 | | | | | 9.0 | | | 410 | | | | | | | | | 411 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8 412 | | | | | | | | | 413 | | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.6.3 414 | | | | | | NetBSD | | 415 | | | | | | 8.2 | | 416 | | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.1 417 | | | | | | OpenBSD 6.7 | 418 | | FreeBSD | | | | | 419 | | 11.4 | | | | | 420 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.2 421 | | | | | | DragonFly 5.8.3 422 | | | | NetBSD 9.1 OpenBSD 6.8 | 423 | FreeBSD macOS | | | | 424 | 12.2 11 | | | | 425 | | | | | | | 426 | `------. | | | | | 427 | | | | | | | 428 *--FreeBSD | | | | | | 429 | 13.0 | | | NetBSD 9.2 OpenBSD 6.9 DragonFly 6.0.0 430 | | | | | | | | 431 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.0.1 432 | | | | | | | | 433 | | FreeBSD macOS | | OpenBSD 7.0 | 434 | | 12.3 12 | | | | 435 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.1 436 | | | | | | OpenBSD 7.1 | 437 | FreeBSD | | | | | | 438 | 13.1 | | | | | | 439 | | | | | | | DragonFly 6.2.2 440 | | | | | NetBSD 9.3 | | 441 | | | macOS | OpenBSD 7.2 | 442 | | | 13 | | | 443 | | FreeBSD | | | | 444 | | 12.4 | | | | 445 | | | | | DragonFly 6.4.0 446 | | | | OpenBSD 7.3 | 447 | FreeBSD | | | | 448 | 13.2 | | | | 449 | | | | | | 450 | `------. | | | | 451 | | macOS | | | 452 | | 14 | | | 453 | | | | OpenBSD 7.4 | 454 *--FreeBSD | | | | | 455 | 14.0 | | | | | 456 | | | | | | 457 | FreeBSD | | | | 458 | 13.3 | | | | 459 | | *--NetBSD | | 460 | | | 10.0 | | 461 | | | | | 462 | | | OpenBSD 7.5 | 463 | | | | | 464FreeBSD 15 -current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current DragonFly -current 465 | | | | | 466 v v v v v 467 468Time 469---------------- 470 471Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it was 472the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 473 474[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 475 Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating System. 476[APL] Apple website [https://www.apple.com/macosx/] 477[BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc. 478[DFB] DragonFlyBSD Project, The. 479[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 480[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 481[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, Volume 11, 482 Info 4, April, 1987. 483[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 484 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 485[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. Changes in the 486 Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, 487 July, 1983. 488[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 489[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 490[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. ISBN 0201547775, EAN 491 9780201547771 492[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 493[TUHS] The Unix Historical Society. https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/. 494[USE] Usenet announcement. 495[WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc. 496[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 497 498Multics 1965 499UNIX Summer 1969 500 DEC PDP-7 501First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 502 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 503Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 504 10 UNIX installations 505Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 506 Pipes, 16 installations 507Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 508 rewriting in C effected, 509 above 30 installations 510Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 511 above 50 installations 512Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 513 port to DEC Vax 514Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 1979-01-10 [TUHS] 515 first portable UNIX 516Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 517 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 518 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 519 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 520 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 521 and networking part by the streams mechanism 522 523Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 524Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 525 5261BSD late 1977 527 1978-01-16 [DOC] 528 1978-03-09 [QCU] 529 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 530 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 531 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 5322BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 1979-05-10 [TUHS] 533 75 2BSD tapes shipped 5342.79BSD 1980-04-xx [TUHS] 5352.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 536 First 2BSD with bootable V7 kernel plus 537 community fixes. 5382.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 539 set of performance improvements 5402.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 5412.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx [TUHS] 5422.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 5432.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 5442.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 5452.11BSD 1991-03-14 [SMS] 5462.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 547 54832V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 1979-03-26 [TUHS] 5493BSD late 1979 [QCU] March 1980 [TUHS] 550 virtual memory, page replacement, 551 demand paging 5524.0BSD 1980-10-xx 5534.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC] 5544.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 555 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 5564.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 5574.1cBSD late 1982 558 beta release, IPC [44B] 5594.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 560 1983-08-03 [DOC] 5614.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 562 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC] 5634.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC] 5644.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 565 1989-01-01 [DOC] 5664.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC] 5674.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC] 568 569BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI] 570 first code released to people outside BSDI 571386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 572BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers 573BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version 574386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC] 5754.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 576BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI] 577 first external gamma; G customers 578BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI] 579 would have been 1.0 except for request 580 for preliminary injunction 581BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI] 582 injunction denied; first official release 583NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 5844.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 585NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 586FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD] 587FreeBSD 1.0.2 1993-11-14 [FBD] 588 supersedes 1.0 13 days after release. 589BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI] 5904.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 591FreeBSD 1.1 1994-05-07 [FBD] 592FreeBSD 1.1.5 1994-06-30 [FBD] 593FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-05 [FBD] 594 supersedes 1.1.5 5 days after release. 595NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 596386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 597FreeBSD 2.0 1994-11-23 [FBD] 598BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based 599FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD] 600BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI] 6014.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 602 the true final distribution from the CSRG 603FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD] 604NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 605BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI] 606FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD] 607NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 608OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 609FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD] 610FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release) 611Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx 612FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD] 613BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based 614FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD] 615FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD] 616FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD] 617NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 618OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 619FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD] 620OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 621NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 622FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD] 623NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 624BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI] 625OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 626NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 627FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD] 628BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI] 629 2-lock MP support, ELF executables 630FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 631 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 632 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 633 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 634FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 635OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 636NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 637FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 638BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI] 639NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 640FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 641OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 642NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 643FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 644OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 645FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 646BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI] 647FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 648NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 649OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 650FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 651FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 652FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 653FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 654FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD] 655NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release) 656BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI] 657OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD] 658NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD] 659Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL] 660FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD] 661OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD] 662NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release) 663NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release) 664FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD] 665Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL] 666OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD] 667FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD] 668BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS] 669OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD] 670FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD] 671NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release) 672FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release) 673Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL] 674NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD] 675FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD] 676OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD] 677FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD] 678 FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of 679 -current, similar to 3.0. 680FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD] 681NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release) 682OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD] 683BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS] 684FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD] 685Mac OS X 10.3 2003-10-24 [APL] 686FreeBSD 4.9 2003-10-28 [FBD] 687BSD/OS 5.1 ISE 2003-10-?? [WRS] (final version) 688OpenBSD 3.4 2003-11-01 [OBD] 689FreeBSD 5.2 2004-01-12 [FBD] 690FreeBSD 5.2.1 2004-02-22 [FBD] (patch release) 691NetBSD 1.6.2 2004-03-01 [NBD] (patch release) 692OpenBSD 3.5 2004-04-01 [OBD] 693FreeBSD 4.10 2004-05-27 [FBD] 694DragonFly 1.0 2004-07-12 [DFB] 695OpenBSD 3.6 2004-10-29 [OBD] 696FreeBSD 5.3 2004-11-06 [FBD] 697NetBSD 2.0 2004-12-09 [NBD] 698FreeBSD 4.11 2005-01-25 [FBD] 699DragonFly 1.2.0 2005-04-08 [DFB] 700NetBSD 2.0.2 2005-04-14 [NBD] (security/critical release) 701Mac OS X 10.4 2005-04-29 [APL] 702FreeBSD 5.4 2005-05-09 [FBD] 703OpenBSD 3.7 2005-05-19 [OBD] 704NetBSD 2.0.3 2005-10-31 [NBD] (security/critical release) 705OpenBSD 3.8 2005-11-01 [OBD] 706FreeBSD 6.0 2005-11-01 [FBD] 707NetBSD 2.1 2005-11-02 [NBD] 708NetBSD 3.0 2005-12-23 [NBD] 709DragonFly 1.4.0 2006-01-08 [DFB] 710FreeBSD 2.2.9 2006-04-01 [FBD] 711OpenBSD 3.9 2006-05-01 [OBD] 712FreeBSD 6.1 2006-05-08 [FBD] 713FreeBSD 5.5 2006-05-25 [FBD] 714NetBSD 3.0.1 2006-07-24 [NBD] (security/critical release) 715DragonFly 1.6.0 2006-07-24 [DFB] 716OpenBSD 4.0 2006-11-01 [OBD] 717NetBSD 3.0.2 2006-11-04 [NBD] (security/critical release) 718NetBSD 3.1 2006-11-04 [NBD] 719FreeBSD 6.2 2007-01-15 [FBD] 720DragonFly 1.8.0 2007-01-30 [DFB] 721OpenBSD 4.1 2007-05-01 [OBD] 722DragonFly 1.10.0 2007-08-06 [DFB] 723Mac OS X 10.5 2007-10-26 [APL] 724OpenBSD 4.2 2007-11-01 [OBD] 725NetBSD 4.0 2007-12-19 [NBD] 726FreeBSD 6.3 2008-01-18 [FBD] 727DragonFly 1.12.0 2008-02-26 [DFB] 728FreeBSD 7.0 2008-02-27 [FBD] 729OpenBSD 4.3 2008-05-01 [OBD] 730DragonFly 2.0.0 2008-07-21 [DFB] 731OpenBSD 4.4 2008-11-01 [OBD] 732FreeBSD 6.4 2008-11-28 [FBD] 733FreeBSD 7.1 2009-01-04 [FBD] 734DragonFly 2.2.0 2009-02-17 [DFB] 735NetBSD 5.0 2009-04-29 [NBD] 736OpenBSD 4.5 2009-05-01 [OBD] 737FreeBSD 7.2 2009-05-04 [FBD] 738Mac OS X 10.6 2009-06-08 [APL] 739NetBSD 5.0.1 2009-08-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 740DragonFly 2.4.0 2009-09-16 [DFB] 741OpenBSD 4.6 2009-10-18 [OBD] 742FreeBSD 8.0 2009-11-26 [FBD] 743NetBSD 5.0.2 2010-02-12 [NBD] (security/critical release) 744FreeBSD 7.3 2010-03-23 [FBD] 745DragonFly 2.6.0 2010-03-28 [DFB] 746OpenBSD 4.7 2010-05-19 [OBD] 747FreeBSD 8.1 2010-07-24 [FBD] 748DragonFly 2.8.2 2010-10-30 [DFB] 749OpenBSD 4.8 2010-11-01 [OBD] 750NetBSD 5.1 2010-11-19 [NBD] 751FreeBSD 7.4 2011-02-24 [FBD] 752FreeBSD 8.2 2011-02-24 [FBD] 753DragonFly 2.10.1 2011-04-26 [DFB] 754OpenBSD 4.9 2011-05-01 [OBD] 755Mac OS X 10.7 2011-07-20 [APL] 756OpenBSD 5.0 2011-11-01 [OBD] 757FreeBSD 9.0 2012-01-12 [FBD] 758NetBSD 5.1.2 2012-02-02 [NBD] (security/critical release) 759DragonFly 3.0.1 2012-02-21 [DFB] 760FreeBSD 8.3 2012-04-18 [FBD] 761OpenBSD 5.1 2012-05-01 [OBD] 762Mac OS X 10.8 2012-07-25 [APL] 763NetBSD 6.0 2012-10-17 [NBD] 764OpenBSD 5.2 2012-11-01 [OBD] 765DragonFly 3.2.1 2012-11-02 [DFB] 766NetBSD 5.2 2012-12-03 [NBD] 767NetBSD 6.0.1 2012-12-26 [NBD] (security/critical release) 768FreeBSD 9.1 2012-12-30 [FBD] 769DragonFly 3.4.1 2013-04-29 [DFB] 770OpenBSD 5.3 2013-05-01 [OBD] 771NetBSD 6.0.2 2013-05-18 [NBD] (security/critical release) 772NetBSD 6.1 2013-05-18 [NBD] 773FreeBSD 8.4 2013-06-07 [FBD] 774NetBSD 6.1.1 2013-08-22 [NBD] 775NetBSD 5.1.3 2013-09-29 [NBD] 776NetBSD 5.2.1 2013-09-29 [NBD] 777FreeBSD 9.2 2013-09-30 [FBD] 778NetBSD 6.0.3 2013-09-30 [NBD] 779NetBSD 6.1.2 2013-09-30 [NBD] 780Mac OS X 10.9 2013-10-22 [APL] 781OpenBSD 5.4 2013-11-01 [OBD] 782DragonFly 3.6.0 2013-11-25 [DFB] 783FreeBSD 10.0 2014-01-20 [FBD] 784NetBSD 5.1.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 785NetBSD 5.2.2 2014-01-25 [NBD] 786NetBSD 6.0.4 2014-01-25 [NBD] 787NetBSD 6.1.3 2014-01-25 [NBD] 788DragonFly 3.6.1 2014-02-22 [DFB] 789DragonFly 3.6.2 2014-04-10 [DFB] 790NetBSD 6.0.5 2014-04-12 [NBD] 791NetBSD 6.1.4 2014-04-12 [NBD] 792OpenBSD 5.5 2014-05-01 [OBD] 793DragonFly 3.8.0 2014-06-04 [DFB] 794DragonFly 3.8.1 2014-06-16 [DFB] 795DragonFly 3.6.3 2014-06-17 [DFB] 796FreeBSD 9.3 2014-07-05 [FBD] 797DragonFly 3.8.2 2014-08-08 [DFB] 798NetBSD 6.0.6 2014-09-22 [NBD] 799NetBSD 6.1.5 2014-09-22 [NBD] 800Mac OS X 10.10 2014-10-16 [APL] 801OpenBSD 5.6 2014-11-01 [OBD] 802FreeBSD 10.1 2014-11-14 [FBD] 803DragonFly 4.0.1 2014-11-25 [DFB] 804DragonFly 4.0.2 2015-01-07 [DFB] 805DragonFly 4.0.3 2015-01-21 [DFB] 806DragonFly 4.0.4 2015-03-09 [DFB] 807DragonFly 4.0.5 2015-03-23 [DFB] 808OpenBSD 5.7 2015-05-01 [OBD] 809DragonFly 4.2.0 2015-06-29 [DFB] 810FreeBSD 10.2 2015-08-13 [FBD] 811NetBSD 7.0 2015-09-25 [NBD] 812OS X 10.11 2015-09-30 [APL] 813OpenBSD 5.8 2015-10-18 [OBD] 814DragonFly 4.4.1 2015-12-07 [DFB] 815OpenBSD 5.9 2016-03-29 [OBD] 816FreeBSD 10.3 2016-04-04 [FBD] 817NetBSD 7.0.1 2016-05-22 [NBD] 818DragonFly 4.6.0 2016-08-02 [DFB] 819OpenBSD 6.0 2016-09-01 [OBD] 820macOS 10.12 2016-09-20 [APL] 821FreeBSD 11.0 2016-10-10 [FBD] 822NetBSD 7.0.2 2016-10-21 [NBD] 823NetBSD 7.1 2017-03-11 [NBD] 824DragonFly 4.8.0 2017-03-27 [DFB] 825OpenBSD 6.1 2017-04-11 [OBD] 826FreeBSD 11.1 2017-07-26 [FBD] 827macOS 10.13 2017-09-25 [APL] 828FreeBSD 10.4 2017-10-03 [FBD] 829OpenBSD 6.2 2017-10-09 [OBD] 830DragonFly 5.0.0 2017-10-16 [DFB] 831DragonFly 5.0.1 2017-11-06 [DFB] 832DragonFly 5.0.2 2017-12-04 [DFB] 833NetBSD 7.1.1 2017-12-22 [NBD] 834NetBSD 7.1.2 2018-03-15 [NBD] 835OpenBSD 6.3 2018-04-02 [OBD] 836DragonFly 5.2.0 2018-04-10 [DFB] 837DragonFly 5.2.1 2018-05-20 [DFB] 838DragonFly 5.2.2 2018-06-18 [DFB] 839FreeBSD 11.2 2018-06-27 [FBD] 840NetBSD 8.0 2018-07-17 [NBD] 841NetBSD 7.2 2018-08-29 [NBD] 842macOS 10.14 2018-09-24 [APL] 843OpenBSD 6.4 2018-10-18 [OBD] 844DragonFly 5.4.0 2018-12-03 [DFB] 845FreeBSD 12.0 2018-12-11 [FBD] 846DragonFly 5.4.1 2018-12-24 [DFB] 847OpenBSD 6.5 2019-05-01 [OBD] 848NetBSD 8.1 2019-06-04 [NBD] 849DragonFly 5.6 2019-06-17 [DFB] 850DragonFly 5.6.1 2019-06-19 [DFB] 851FreeBSD 11.3 2019-07-09 [FBD] 852DragonFly 5.6.2 2019-08-11 [DFB] 853OpenBSD 6.6 2019-10-17 [OBD] 854macOS 10.15 2019-10-07 [APL] 855macOS 10.15.1 2019-10-29 [APL] (security/critical release) 856FreeBSD 12.1 2019-11-04 [FBD] 857NetBSD 9.0 2020-02-14 [NBD] 858DragonFly 5.8 2020-03-03 [DFB] 859DragonFly 5.6.3 2020-03-11 [DFB] 860NetBSD 8.2 2020-03-31 [NBD] 861DragonFly 5.8.1 2020-05-06 [DFB] 862OpenBSD 6.7 2020-05-19 [OBD] 863FreeBSD 11.4 2020-06-16 [FBD] 864DragonFly 5.8.2 2020-09-23 [DFB] 865DragonFly 5.8.3 2020-09-24 [DFB] 866OpenBSD 6.8 2020-10-18 [OBD] 867NetBSD 9.1 2020-10-18 [NBD] 868FreeBSD 12.2 2020-10-27 [FBD] 869macOS 11 2020-11-19 [APL] 870FreeBSD 13.0 2021-04-13 [FBD] 871OpenBSD 6.9 2021-05-01 [OBD] 872DragonFly 6.0 2021-05-08 [DFB] 873NetBSD 9.2 2021-05-12 [NBD] 874DragonFly 6.0.1 2021-10-12 [DFB] 875OpenBSD 7.0 2021-10-14 [OBD] 876macOS 12 2021-10-25 [APL] 877FreeBSD 12.3 2021-12-01 [FBD] 878DragonFly 6.2.1 2022-01-09 [DFB] 879OpenBSD 7.1 2022-04-21 [OBD] 880FreeBSD 13.1 2022-05-17 [FBD] 881DragonFly 6.2.2 2022-06-09 [DFB] 882NetBSD 9.3 2022-08-04 [NBD] 883OpenBSD 7.2 2022-10-20 [OBD] 884macOS 13 2022-10-24 [APL] 885FreeBSD 12.4 2022-12-05 [FBD] 886DragonFly 6.4 2022-12-30 [DFB] 887OpenBSD 7.3 2023-04-10 [OBD] 888FreeBSD 13.2 2023-04-11 [FBD] 889macOS 14 2023-09-26 [APL] 890OpenBSD 7.4 2023-10-16 [OBD] 891FreeBSD 14.0 2023-11-20 [FBD] 892FreeBSD 13.3 2024-03-05 [FBD] 893NetBSD 10.0 2024-03-28 [NBD] 894OpenBSD 7.5 2024-04-05 [OBD] 895 896Bibliography 897------------------------ 898 899Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 900Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 901System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 902 903Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 904Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 905 906McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 907Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 908System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 909 910McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil. The Design and 911Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System. 912Addison-Wesley Professional, Published: Aug 2, 2004. ISBN 0-201-70245-2 913 914McKusick, Marshall Kirk, George Neville-Neil, Robert Watson. The 915Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System, 2nd Edition. 916Pearson Education, Inc., 2014. ISBN 0-321-96897-2 917 918Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 919 920Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 921Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 922Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 923 924Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 925URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20081230094857/http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 926 927Andreas Klemm, Lars K��ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 928Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 929 930FreeBSD Release Information 931URL: https://www.FreeBSD.org/releases/ 932 933Manual pages for FreeBSD and ports 934URL: https://man.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 935 936UNIX history graphing project 937URL: https://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html 938 939UNIX history 940URL: https://www.levenez.com/unix/ 941 942James Howard: The BSD Family Tree 943URL: https://web.archive.org/web/20090427195917/http://ezine.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html 944("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?") 945 946 947Acknowledgments 948--------------- 949 950Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 951original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 952 953Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 954 955-- 956Copyright (c) 1997-2023 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.org> 957URL: https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 958