UPDATING revision 76667
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained by imp@village.org. Please send new entries 4directly to him. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the end of the file. Search for 'COMMON 6ITEMS:' 7 820010512: 9 DEVFS is now opt out, not opt in. Barring major problems, this 10 will be the only way to go starting July 1. 11 1220010502: 13 Perl breakage in 20010501 was corrected at 14:18:33 PDT. 14 1520010501: 16 Building perl was broken at 02:25:25 PDT. 17 1820010430: 19 The bug in 20010429 was corrected at 07:35:37 PDF. It is safe to 20 go back in the water. 21 2220010429: 23 A bad bug was committed at 04:48:42 PDT. Don't use kernels after 24 this date, but before the correction date. 25 2620010423: 27 old fsck and new kernel interactions appear to have been fixed. 28 2920010411: 30 fsck and the kernel were changed to handle some optimizations 31 to directory layout. This breaks backward compatibility. 32 Update only if you understand that you must not use the old 33 fsck with the new kernel ever. 34 3520010330: 36 fsck has changed the meaning of the pass column in /etc/fstab. 37 Please see the cvs commit to fsck.8 or the fsck.8 man page fora 38 details. It is unclear if changes to /etc/fstab are necessary. 39 4020010319: 41 portmap had changed name to rpcbind for maximum POLA in your 42 current world. /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} needs changes. nfs and 43 other rpc based programs that rely on portmapper will not work 44 without updates to /etc/hosts.{allow,deny} and /etc/netcofnig. 45 4620010315: 47 ata subsystem changes. ATA_ENABLE_ATAPI_DMA, ATA_ENABLE_WC 48 and ATA_ENABEL_TAGS are no longer kernel options. They have 49 been replaced by tunables. See ata.4 for details. 50 5120010312: 52 The fxp driver was converted to use miibus. If you compile 53 fxp into your kernel statically, you will need to add miibus. 54 5520010312: 56 The wi device now defaults to BSS (infrastructure) mode 57 instead of ad-hoc. 58 5920010310: 60 /dev/urandmon should be a sumbolic link to /dev/random now. 61 Users of current not using DEVFS need to run MAKEDEV std. 62 ssh might not work if you don't. 63 6420010220: 65 The problems with libc have been corrected. It is now mostly 66 safe to go back into the water. 67 6820010211: 69 The size of FILE was changed. This breaks upgrading. If 70 you must upgrade, be prepared for pain. It also breaks almost 71 all binaries that you've compiled on -current. You are warned 72 that before upgrading would be a good time to do a level 0 73 dump of your system. No, really, I mean it this time. 74 75 To get to the new system, you'll need to use the following 76 workaround. Hopefully this can be sorted out so that we 77 don't have to move this to the updating section. 78 79 To get around the installworld problem, do: 80 # cd /usr/src/usr.bin/sed 81 # make install 82 # cd /usr/src 83 # make installworld 84 If that doesn't work, then try: 85 # make -k installworld 86 # make installworld 87 8820010207: 89 DEVFS is now the default. If you use vinum, make sure that you 90 do not include devfs in your kernel as problems result. 91 9220010205: 93 FFS_ROOT and CD9660_ROOT have been removed or deprecated. 94 Remove them from your config. 95 9620010122: 97 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 98 buildkernel has been changed slightly 99 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 100 KERNCONF replaces the variable KERNEL for buildkernel. You 101 should update your scripts and make.conf accordingly. 102 10320010119: 104 config has changed to allow DEV_FOO as a replacement for NFOO. 105 This requires a new config to build correctly. 106 10720010116: 108 The kerrnel option I386_CPU is now mutually exclusive with the 109 other cpu types. If you have an i386 system, be sure that it 110 only had this line. Remove it for all other configurations. 111 11220010110: 113 Changes to the kernel require it and burncd be in sync. 114 11520010102: 116 Everyone who has hw.sndunit set to something in 117 /etc/sysctl.conf, it is now hw.snd.unit. 118 11920010101: 120 ex and vi were broken by some changes to sys/queue.h. If you 121 have a bad vi, you will see make buildworld fail with a core 122 dump while building termcap. You can work around this problem 123 by adding -k to your make buildworld. This will cause the 124 build to complete and install a new vi. Once that's done, you 125 can rebuild again without the -k to pick up anything that 126 might have been ignored by the -k option. 127 128 Others have suggested that you can just rebuild libc if your 129 vi/ex is dynamically linked, but I've not received any reports 130 of this working. 131 13220001228: 133 There have been some changes to libcrypt in -current. The 134 libscrypt/libdescrypt symlink sillyness is gone and the installed 135 libcrypt is fully functional. Be aware of this. 136 13720001218: 138 Linksys Fast Ethernet PCCARD cards supported by the ed driver 139 now require the addition of flag 0x80000 to their config line 140 in pccard.conf(5). This flag is not optional. These Linksys 141 cards will not be recognized without it. 142 14320001205: 144 Important new FreeBSD-version stuff: PAM support has been worked 145 in, partially from the "Unix" OpenSSH version. This requires 146 adding the following in pam.conf: 147 148 sshd auth sufficient pam_skey.so 149 sshd auth required pam_unix.so try_first_pass 150 sshd session required pam_permit.so 151 15220001031: 153 cvs updated to 1.11. 154 15520001020: 156 The random device needs more entropy, so you need to make sure 157 that you've run mergemaster to get a /etc/rc which will seed 158 /dev/random. If you don't and the system hangs after ldconfig, 159 then banging on the keyboard randomly until it unhangs is one 160 workaround. 161 16220001010: 163 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 164 Sendmail has been updated. 165 ****************************** WARNING ****************************** 166 o mail.local(8) is no longer installed as a set-user-id binary. 167 o sendmail(8) is now built with STARTTLS support unless NO_OPENSSL 168 is set. 169 o The default /etc/mail/sendmail.cf disables the SMTP EXPN and VRFY 170 commands. 171 o Now using sendmail's version of vacation(1). 172 o The sendmail cf building tools (contrib/sendmail/cf) are installed 173 in /usr/share/sendmail/cf. 174 o sendmail.cw changed to local-host-names 175 176 More details can be found at 177 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/UPDATING/sendmail-20001010 178 17920001009: 180 The ports tree's new layout is in place. Be sure to update 181 your entire ports tree, or you will have problems. 182 18320001006: 184 The perl build procedure no longer installs miniperl, nor uses 185 the installed miniperl. It is recommended that you delete 186 /usr/bin/miniperl. 187 18820001005: 189 This weekend the ports tree will be updated to a new layout. 190 It will be in an inconsistent state until noted in the UPDATING 191 file, or with asami-san's message to the relevant mailing 192 lists. With this new layout, you'll need to update the whole 193 tree for anything to work. 194 19520000928: 196 There was a change in the passwd format. Need more information. 197 19820000916: 199 /boot/kernel/kernel.ko -> /boot/kernel/kernel change has taken 200 place. Please update boot loader (not the boot blocks) at the 201 same time as your kernel. 202 20320000914: 204 The new pmtimer device is necessary for laptops. Failure to 205 include the device will cause suspended laptops losing time 206 when they resume. Include 207 device pmtimer 208 in your config file and 209 hint.pmtimer.0.at="isa" 210 to your /boot/device.hints file. 211 21220000911: 213 The random device has been turned into a (pseudo-)device, 214 rather than an option. The supplied kernel config files have 215 been updated. You will need to do something similar in your 216 own kernel config file. 217 Remove: 218 options RANDOMDEV 219 Add: 220 device random 221 If you prefer to load the loadable module, you need to do 222 nothing. 223 22420000909: 225 The random device module has been renamed from randomdev.ko to 226 random.ko. You will need to edit your /boot/loader.conf to 227 reflect this if you load this module at boot time. 228 The line should read: 229 random_load="YES" 230 23120000907: 232 The SMPNG commit has happened. It should work, but if it 233 doesn't, fallback to the PRE_SMPNG CVS tag. There are likely 234 to be a variety of minor issues. Please see 20000905 to make 235 sure you don't have model loading problems which might at 236 first blush appear related to SMP. 237 23820000906: 239 nsswitch has been imported from NetBSD. Among other things, 240 this means that /etc/host.conf is no longer used. See 241 nsswitch.conf(5) instead. Note that at boot time rc.network 242 will attempt to produce a new nsswitch.conf file for you if you 243 don't have one, and you have host.conf. 244 24520000905: 246 The ucred structure changed size. This breaks the interface 247 that mountd uses. Trying to use an older mountd with a newer 248 kernel guarantees a panic. This means that you need to use 249 kernels newer than today only with matching mountd, but you 250 needed to do that anyway with the boot loader changes. 251 25220000905: 253 The boot loader has been updated. The new default kernel is 254 now /boot/kernel/kernel.ko. The new default module location 255 is /boot/kernel. 256 257 You *MUST* upgrade your boot loader and kernel at the same time. 258 The easiest way to do this is to do the buildworld/buildkernel/ 259 installkernel/installworld dance. 260 261 Furthermore, you are urged to delete your old /modules directory 262 before booting the new kernel, since kldload will find stale 263 modules in that directory instead of finding them in the correct 264 path, /boot/kernel. The most common complaint that this cures 265 is that the linux module crashes your machine after the update. 266 267 if [ ! -d /boot/kernel.old ]; then 268 mv /modules.old /boot/kernel.old 269 chflags noschg /kernel.old 270 mv /kernel.old /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 271 chflags schg /boot/kernel.old/kernel.ko 272 fi 273 27420000904: 275 A new issue with the sendmail upgrade has come to light. 276 /etc/aliases has moved to /etc/mail/aliases. Mergemaster will 277 incorrectly install the default aliases in /etc/mail rather than 278 move the old one from /etc. So you'll need to manually move the 279 file, create a symbolic link, remove the old /etc/aliases.db and 280 run newaliases. For safety sake, you should stop sendmail 281 while doing this and run the upgrade when locally sourced email 282 is not likely to be generated. 283 28420000825: 285 /boot/device.hints is now required for installkernel to 286 succeed. You should copy GENERIC.hints for your architecture 287 into /boot/device.hints. If and only if you compile hints 288 into your kernel, then this file may be empty. Please note, 289 if you have an empty or missing /boot/device.hints file and 290 you neglected to compile hints into your kernel, no boot 291 messages will appear after the boot loader tries to start the 292 kernel. 293 29420000821: 295 If you do NOT have ``options RANDOMDEV'' in your kernel and 296 you DO want the random device then add randomdev_load="YES" to 297 /boot/loader.conf. 298 29920000812: 300 suidperl is now always built and installed on the system, but 301 with permissions of 511. If you have applications that use 302 this program, you are now required to add ENABLE_SUIDPERL=true 303 to /etc/make.conf. If you forget to do this, 304 chmod 4511 /usr/bin/suidperl 305 will fix this until the next build. 306 30720000812: 308 sendmail has been updated from 8.9.3 to 8.11.0. Some of the more 309 visible changes that may immediately affect your configuration 310 include: 311 - New default file locations from src/contrib/sendmail/cf/README 312 - newaliases limited to root and trusted users 313 - MSA port (587) turned on by default 314 - New queue file naming system so can't go from 8.11 -> 8.9 315 - FEATURE(`rbl') renamed to FEATURE(`dnsbl') 316 - FEATURE(`nullclient') is more full featured 317 - FEATURE(`nouucp') requires an argument: `reject' or `nospecial' 318 - mail.local FreeBSD-only -b option changed to -B 319 - See src/contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for more info 320 32120000810: 322 suidperl (aka sperl) is no longer build by default. You must 323 specifically define BUILD_SUIDPERL to "true" for it to be build. 324 Furthermore, we recommend that you remove /usr/bin/sperl* and 325 /usr/bin/suidperl files from your system unless you have a 326 specific use for it. 327 32820000729: 329 Networking defaults have been tightened. Anybody upgrading 330 /etc/defaults/rc.conf needs to add the following lines to 331 /etc/rc.conf if they want to have the same setup 332 afterwards (unless the variables already are set, of course): 333 # Enable network daemons for user convenience. 334 inetd_enable="YES" 335 portmap_enable="YES" 336 sendmail_enable="YES" 337 33820000728: 339 If you have null_load="YES" in your /boot/loader.conf, you 340 will need to change that to nullfs_load="YES". 341 34220000728: 343 The "installkernel" target has changed slightly. Now even if 344 you override KERNEL e.g. 'make installkernel KERNEL=MYKERNEL' 345 it will install the MYKERNEL file (built with the buildkernel 346 target) as /kernel rather than /MYKERNEL. Those who have 347 updated their /boot/loader.conf files to point to /MYKERNEL 348 should remove that entry or perform manual rename of /kernel 349 to /MYKERNEL. 350 35120000711: 352 If you use CVSUP or CTM to get CVS trees, AND you used to get 353 the old crypto files from internat.freebsd.org AND you check 354 out files from the CVS tree with the cvs command, please read 355 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/internat.txt 356 for details on potential problems that you might have and how 357 to get around them. 358 359 If you are merely a mirror, or don't answer yes to each of the 360 clauses above, you needn't worry. 361 36220000711: 363 /etc/security has been updated to print the inode number of 364 setuid programs that have changed. You will see a large spike 365 in the number of changed programs the first time when you run 366 mergemaster to get a new /etc/security. 367 36820000710: 369 /dev/random now has good entropy collection (from the keyboard 370 and sysmouse drivers). Please ensure that either `options 371 RANDOMDEV' is present in your kernel config file or that 372 `randomdev_load="YES"' is in your /boot/loader.conf. If you do 373 not have the /dev/random driver, OpenSSL (and consequently 374 lots of crypto tools (like SSH)) will fail with strange 375 errors. (see below, 20000624). 376 377 FreeBSD-current is safe again to run Crypto. 378 37920000709: 380 phk made the malloc default options AJ. This may slow things 381 down and uncover other latent bugs in the code. If you need to 382 run at full speed, you can disable this by doing the following: 383 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf 384 38520000706: 386 libftpio's version was accidentally bumped a few days ago. This 387 has been corrected. You may need to remove /usr/lib/libftpio.so.6 388 before doing your next buildworld/installworld pair. It certainly 389 won't hurt to remove it before the update procedure. It will 390 break fetch until a new one is built, but ftp can be used in the 391 interim if needed. 392 39320000705: 394 The crypto packages have changed for the cvsup. This has been done 395 in a backward compatible way, but the old packages will go away at 396 some point in the future. Look at /usr/share/examples/cvsup for 397 details. 398 39920000704: 400 With the new sys/modules/sound/drivers/*, you will need to 401 set SYSDIR until you do an installworld after July 7th. 402 40320000704: 404 rc.shutdown and rc will now call the rc.d scripts with start 405 or stop. This may cause some harmless warnings from older 406 rc.d scripts that haven't been updated. 407 40820000630: 409 The libfetch based version of fetch has gone into the tree. 410 Minor problems may result on some of the less popular sites, 411 which should be reported to des@freebsd.org. 412 41320000625: 414 From approximately this date forward, one must have the crypto 415 system installed in order to build the system and kernel. 416 While not technically strictly true, one should treat it as 417 required and grab the crypto bits. If you are grabbing CVS 418 trees, src-all and cvs-crypto should be treated as if they 419 were required. You should check with the latest collections 420 to make sure that these haven't changed. 421 42220000624: 423 Mark Murray just committed the first parts of a cleanup of 424 /dev/zero, et al. This is also cleaning up /dev/random. 425 The entropy is disconnected, so DO NOT USE VERSIONS OF FREEBSD 426 -CURRENT FROM THIS POINT FORWARD for cryptographic services 427 until Mark can merge in the fixes to this work in progress. 428 openssh and openssl should not be used to generate keys from this 429 date to the completion of the work. 430 431 If you must operate at this reduced level of security, add ' 432 options RANDOMDEV' to your kernel or modload the randomdev 433 module. You may also need to copy a new MAKEDEV to /dev and 434 recreate the random and urandom devices. 435 43620000622: 437 The license on the softupdates is now a standard 2 clause 438 BSD license. You may need to remove your symbolic links 439 that used to be required when updating. 440 44120000621: 442 Scott Flatman <sf@aracnet.com> sent in a decent write-up on 443 the config file update procedure. 444 http://people.freebsd.org/~imp/config-upd.html 445 NOTE: LINT is gone. It has been replaced with NOTES. NOTES 446 isn't buildable. However, you can generate a LINT file. 447 44820000620: 449 Binutils 2.10 have hit the tree, or will shortly. As soon 450 as they do, the problem noted in 20000522 will be resolved and 451 that workaround will no longer be required. 452 45320000615: 454 phk removed the compatibility creation of wd devices in the 455 ad driver. If you haven't done so already, you must update 456 your fstab, etc to use the ad devices instead of the wd 457 devices. 458 459 In addition, you'll need to update your boot blocks to a 460 more modern version, if you haven't already done so. Modern 461 here means 4.0 release or newer (although older releases 462 may work). 463 46420000612: 465 Peter took an axe to config(8). Be sure that you read his mail 466 on the topic before even thinking about updating. You will 467 need to create a /boot/device.hints or add a hints directive 468 to your config file to compile them in statically. The format 469 of the config file has changed as well. Please see GENERIC or 470 NEWCARD for examples of the new format. 471 47220000522: 473 A new set of binutils went into the tree today. Anybody 474 building a kernel after this point is advised that they need 475 to rebuild their binutils (or better yet do a 476 buildworld/installworld) before building a new kernel. 477 478 Due to bugs in binutils, using malloc options (eg /etc/malloc.conf 479 or MALLOC_OPTIONS env var) J will cause ld to dump core. It 480 is recommended that you don't set this option until the problem 481 is resolved. 482 48320000513: 484 The ethernet drivers were all updated to clean up the BPF handling. 485 48620000510: 487 The problems with boot blocks on the alphas have been corrected. 488 This will require some care in updating alphas. A new libstand 489 is requires for the boot blocks to build properly. 490 49120000503: 492 Recompile all kld modules. Proper version dependency info 493 is now available. 494 49520000502: 496 Modules have been disconnected from the buildworld tree and 497 connected to the kernel building instead. 498 49920000427: 500 You may need to build gperf 501 cd /usr/src/gnu/usr.bin/gperf && make depend all install 502 when upgrading from 4.0 -> current. The build system now uses 503 an option only in -current. 504 50520000417: 506 The method that we brand ELF binaries has changed to be more 507 acceptable to the binutils maintainers. You will need to 508 rebrand your ELF binaries that aren't native. One problem 509 binary is the Linux ldconfig. After your make world, but 510 before you reboot, you'll need to issue: 511 brandelf -t Linux /compat/linux/sbin/ldconfig 512 if you have Linux compatibility enabled on your machine. 513 51420000320: 515 If you have really bad/marginal IDE drives, you may find they 516 don't work well. Use pio mode instead. The easiest way to 517 cope if you have a problem combination is to add: 518 /sbin/sysctl -w hw.atamodes=pio,pio,pio,pio 519 to the start of /etc/rc.conf. 520 52120000319: 522 The ISA and PCI compatibility shims have been connected to the 523 options COMPAT_OLDISA and COMPAT_OLDPCI. If you are using old 524 style PCI or ISA drivers (i.e. tx, voxware, etc.) you must 525 include the appropriate option in your kernel config. Drivers 526 using the shims should be updated or they won't ship with 527 5.0-RELEASE, targeted for 2001. 528 52920000318: 530 We've entered the traditional post release dumping party. 531 Large kernel changes are being committed and are in the 532 works. It is important to keep the systems' klds and kernel 533 in sync as kernel interfaces and structures are changing. 534 Before reporting kernel panics, make sure that all modules 535 that you are loading are up to date. 536 53720000315: 538 If you are upgrading from an older version of FreeBSD, you 539 need to update your boot blocks as well. 'disklabel -B ad0' 540 will do the trick. This isn't critical until you remove your 541 wd device entries in /dev, at which point your system will not 542 boot. 543 54420000315: 545 4.0 RELEASE shipped. Please see the 4.0 UPDATING file for how 546 to upgrade to 4.0 from 3.x. 547 548COMMON ITEMS: 549 550 General Notes 551 ------------- 552 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 553 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 554 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 555 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 556 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 557 on the -current branch). 558 559 To build a kernel 560 ----------------- 561 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 562 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. With a 563 /usr/obj tree with a fresh buildworld, 564 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 565 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 566 567 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 568 -------------------------------------------------------------- 569 cd src/sys/{i386,alpha}/conf 570 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE [1] 571 cd ../../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 572 make depend 573 make 574 make install 575 576 [1] If in doubt, -r might help here. 577 578 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 579 580 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 581 ----------------------------------------------------------- 582 make world 583 Build a new kernel, see above. 584 585 To upgrade from 4.x-stable to current 586 ------------------------------------- 587 make buildworld 588 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 589 cp src/sys/${MACHINE_ARCH}/conf/GENERIC.hints /boot/device.hints [2] 590 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 591 make installworld 592 mergemaster 593 [1] 594 <reboot> 595 596 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 597 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 598 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 599 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 600 the UPDATING entries. 601 602 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 603 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 604 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 605 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 606 much fewer pitfalls. 607 608 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 609 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 610 system on reboot. 611 612 [2] If you have legacy ISA devices, you may need to create 613 your own device.hints to reflect your unique hardware 614 configuration. 615 616FORMAT: 617 618This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 619breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 620and it only starts on March 15, 2000. Updating files can found in 621previous releases if your system is older than this. 622 623Please filter your entries through Warner Losh (imp@village.org) so 624that the style, formatting, etc of this file can be maintained. 625 626$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 76667 2001-05-16 04:34:40Z imp $ 627