UPDATING revision 255227
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of 16head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420130905: 35 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 36 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 37 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 38 'options PROCDESC'. 39 4020130905: 41 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 42 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 43 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 44 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 45 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 46 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 47 4820130827: 49 Thomas Dickey (vendor author thereof) reports that dialog(1) since 50 2011/10/18 has a bug in handling --hline. Testers and I noticed the 51 --hline is not ignored but displayed as a NULL string, regardless of 52 value. This will cause confusion in some bsdconfig dialogs where the 53 --hline is used to inform users which keybindings to use. This will 54 likewise affect any other persons relying on --hline. It also looks 55 rather strange seeing "[]" at the bottom of dialog(1) widgets when 56 passing --hline "anything". Thomas said he will have a look in a few 57 weeks. NOTE: The "[]" brackets appear with the left-edge where it 58 would normally appear given the width of text to display, but the 59 displayed text is not there (part of the bug). 60 6120130821: 62 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 63 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 64 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 65 6620130813: 67 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 68 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 69 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 70 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 71 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 72 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 73 7420130806: 75 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 76 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 77 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 78 explicitly. 79 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 80 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 81 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 82 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 83 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 84 8520130806: 86 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 87 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 88 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 89 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 90 to r253970 or later. 91 9220130802: 93 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 94 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 95 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 96 would result: 97 98 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 99 100 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 101 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 102 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 103 old as well as the new version of find. 104 10520130726: 106 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 107 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 108 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 109 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 110 subdirectories must be reviewed. 111 11220130716: 113 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 114 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 115 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 116 117 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 118 119 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 120 users are advised to upgrade. 121 12220130709: 123 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 124 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 125 12620130709: 127 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 128 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 129 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 130 13120130629: 132 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 133 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 134 135 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 136 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 137 overloading the machine. 138 13920130618: 140 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 141 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 142 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 143 write access to that file. 144 14520130615: 146 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 147 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 148 14920130613: 150 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 151 152 make: illegal option -- J 153 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 154 ... 155 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 156 157 this likely due to an old instance of make in 158 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 159 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 160 you see the above error: 161 162 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 163 164 should resolve it. 165 16620130516: 167 Use bmake by default. 168 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 169 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 170 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 171 172 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 173 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 174 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 175 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 176 behavior in parallel build. 177 17820130429: 179 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 180 18120130426: 182 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 183 the IDEA patent expired. 184 18520130426: 186 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 187 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 188 enabled by default. 189 19020130425: 191 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 192 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 193 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 194 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 195 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 196 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 197 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 198 && make install). 199 20020130404: 201 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 202 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 203 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 204 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 205 and removed. 206 20720130319: 208 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 209 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 210 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 211 binaries will not work on older kernels. 212 21320130308: 214 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 215 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 216 21720130304: 218 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 219 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 220 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 221 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 222 is requested. 223 224 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 225 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 226 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 227 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 228 in /boot/loader.conf. 229 23020130301: 231 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 232 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 233 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 234 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 235 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 236 23720130208: 238 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 239 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 240 241 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 242 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 243 24420130129: 245 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 246 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 247 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 248 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 249 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 250 25120130121: 252 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 253 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 254 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 255 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 256 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 257 /etc/src.conf. 258 25920130118: 260 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 261 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 262 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 263 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 264 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 265 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 266 use is expected to be extremely rare. 267 26820121223: 269 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 270 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 271 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 272 27320121222: 274 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 275 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 276 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 277 be updated. 278 27920121217: 280 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 281 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 282 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 283 284 savecore_flags="" 285 28620121201: 287 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 288 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 289 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 290 29120121117: 292 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 293 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 294 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 295 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 296 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 297 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 298 29920121105: 300 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 301 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 302 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 303 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 304 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 305 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 306 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 307 branch point). 308 30920121102: 310 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 311 functionality now turned on by default. 312 31320121023: 314 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 315 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 316 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 317 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 318 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 319 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 320 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 321 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 322 of the two kernel options. 323 32420121023: 325 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 326 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 327 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 328 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 329 33020121022: 331 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 332 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 333 recompiled. 334 33520121018: 336 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 337 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 338 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 339 34020121016: 341 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 342 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 343 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 344 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 345 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 346 34720121015: 348 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 349 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 350 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 351 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 352 35320121014: 354 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 355 35620121013: 357 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 358 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 359 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 360 knob has also gone. 361 36220121006: 363 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 364 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 365 with new kernel. 366 36720121001: 368 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 369 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 370 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 371 37220120913: 373 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 374 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 375 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 376 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 377 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 378 configurations. 379 38020120908: 381 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 382 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 383 38420120828: 385 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 386 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 387 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 388 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 389 manual page. 390 39120120727: 392 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 393 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 394 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 395 39620120712: 397 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 398 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 399 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 400 40120120712: 402 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 403 with other variables: 404 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 405 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 406 40720120628: 408 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 409 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 410 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 411 installed as "bsdsort". 412 41320120611: 414 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 415 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 416 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 417 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 418 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 419 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 420 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 421 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 422 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 423 42420120417: 425 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 426 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 427 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 428 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 429 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 430 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 431 NAMESPACE section). 432 43320120328: 434 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 435 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 436 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 437 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 438 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 439 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 440 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 441 44220120306: 443 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 444 platforms. 445 44620120229: 447 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 448 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 449 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 450 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 451 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 452 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 453 45420120211: 455 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 456 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 457 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 458 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 459 comes from 20111215. 460 46120120114: 462 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 463 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 464 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 465 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 466 467 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 468 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 469 47020120109: 471 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 472 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 473 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 474 tunable/sysctl. 475 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 476 47720111215: 478 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 479 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 480 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 481 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 482 not supported anymore. 483 484 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 485 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 486 need to be recompiled. 487 48820111122: 489 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 490 /dev/wmistat0. 491 49220111108: 493 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 494 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 495 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 496 time. 497 49820111101: 499 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 500 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 501 50220110930: 503 sysinstall has been removed 504 50520110923: 506 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 507 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 508 50920110913: 510 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 511 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 512 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 513 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 514 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 515 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 516 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 517 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 518 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 519 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 520 52120110828: 522 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 523 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 524 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 525 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 526 52720110815: 528 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 529 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 530 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 531 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 532 533 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 534 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 535 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 536 53720110628: 538 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 539 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 540 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 541 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 542 54320110608: 544 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 545 machdep.hlt_cpus 546 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 547 The following sysctl is retired: 548 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 549 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 550 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 551 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 552 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 553 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 554 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 555 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 556 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 557 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 558 a default scheduler. 559 56020110607: 561 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 562 a mask of CPUs. 563 56420110531: 565 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 566 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 567 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 568 world. 569 57020110513: 571 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 572 57320110503: 574 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 575 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 576 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 577 drivers need to be recompiled. 578 579 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 580 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 581 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 582 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 583 branches. 584 58520110430: 586 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 587 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 588 58920110427: 590 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 591 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 592 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 593 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 594 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 595 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 596 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 597 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 598 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 599 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 600 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 601 602 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 603 604 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 605 a diskless root fs use the old client. 606 60720110424: 608 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 609 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 610 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 611 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 612 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 613 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 614 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 615 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 616 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 617 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 618 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 619 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 620 621 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 622 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 623 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 624 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 625 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 626 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 627 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 628 them are parts of the cam module. 629 630 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 631 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 632 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 633 634 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 635 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 636 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 637 options ATA_CAM 638 device ahci 639 device mvs 640 device siis 641 , and instead add back: 642 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 643 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 644 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 645 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 646 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 647 64820110423: 649 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 650 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 651 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 652 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 653 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 654 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 655 65620110418: 657 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 658 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 659 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 660 66120110331: 662 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 663 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 664 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 665 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 666 in order to use ath on everything else. 667 668 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 669 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 670 67120110314: 672 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 673 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 674 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 675 67620110218: 677 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 678 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 679 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 680 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 681 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 682 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 683 68420110218: 685 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 686 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 687 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 688 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 689 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 690 authentication). 691 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 692 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 693 69420110207: 695 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 696 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 697 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 698 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 699 The function remains undocumented. 700 70120110112: 702 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 703 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 704 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 705 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 706 systems where the define is not present can check against 707 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 708 709 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 710 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 711 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 712 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 713 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 714 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 715 71620110103: 717 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 718 the following warning: 719 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 720 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 721 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 722 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 723 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 724 install it on your system. 725 726 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 727 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 728 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 729 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 730 73120101228: 732 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 733 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 734 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 735 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 736 be recompiled. 737 73820101114: 739 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 740 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 741 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 742 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 743 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 744 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 745 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 746 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 747 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 748 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 749 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 750 it, for example via: 751 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 752 753 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 754 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 755 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 756 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 757 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 758 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 759 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 760 761 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 762 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 763 76420101111: 765 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 766 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 767 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 768 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 769 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 770 77120101002: 772 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 773 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 774 migrate local entries to the new format. 775 77620100928: 777 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 778 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 779 upstream sshd. 780 78120100915: 782 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 783 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 784 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 785 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 786 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 787 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 788 78920100913: 790 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 791 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 792 793 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 794 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 795 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 796 default is "AUTO". 797 798 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 799 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 800 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 801 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 802 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 803 804 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 805 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 806 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 807 80820100913: 809 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 810 now i386 and amd64 only. 811 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 812 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 813 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 814 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 815 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 816 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 817 81820100725: 819 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 820 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 821 82220100722: 823 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 824 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 825 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 826 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 827 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 828 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 829 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 830 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 831 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 832 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 833 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 834 83520100713: 836 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 837 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 838 machine powerpc powerpc 839 840 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 841 after this change. 842 84320100713: 844 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 845 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 846 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 847 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 848 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 849 85020100429: 851 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 852 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 853 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 854 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 855 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 856 85720100402: 858 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 859 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 860 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 861 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 862 WITH_CTF=yes"). 863 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 864 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 865 to unwanted behavior. 866 86720100311: 868 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 869 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 870 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 871 be modified accordingly. 872 87320100113: 874 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 875 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 876 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 877 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 878 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 879 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 880 881 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 882 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 883 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 884 use of utmpx. 885 886 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 887 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 888 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 889 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 890 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 891 89220100108: 893 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 894 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 895 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 896 89720091202: 898 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 899 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 900 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 901 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 902 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 903 904 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 905 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 906 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 907 908 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 909 91020091125: 911 8.0-RELEASE. 912 91320091113: 914 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 915 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 916 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 917 operation of applications on the console. 918 919 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 920 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 921 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 922 cons25. 923 924 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 925 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 926 performed by syscons(4). 927 92820091109: 929 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 930 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 931 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 932 933 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 934 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 935 new structure. 936 93720091025: 938 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 939 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 940 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 941 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 942 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 943 iwn5150fw. 944 94520090926: 946 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 947 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 948 949 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 950 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 951 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 952 953 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 954 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 955 956 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 957 they are obsolete. 958 959 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 960 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 961 962 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 963 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 964 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 965 966 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 967 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 968 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 969 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 970 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 971 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 972 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 973 using ifconfig(8) like: 974 975 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 976 977 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 978 IPv6-preferred. 979 980 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 981 982 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 983 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 984 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 985 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 986 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 987 98820090922: 989 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 990 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 991 99220090912: 993 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 994 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 995 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 996 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 997 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 998 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 999 100020090910: 1001 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 1002 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 1003 100420090825: 1005 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 1006 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 1007 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 1008 is 1000. 1009 101020090813: 1011 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 1012 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 1013 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 1014 101520090803: 1016 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1017 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 1018 101920090719: 1020 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 1021 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 1022 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 1023 102420090714: 1025 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 1026 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 1027 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 1028 102920090713: 1030 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 1031 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 1032 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 1033 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 1034 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 1035 103620090712: 1037 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 1038 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 1039 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 1040 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 1041 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1042 104320090630: 1044 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 1045 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 1046 may need to be adjusted. 1047 104820090629: 1049 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 1050 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 1051 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 1052 with routing sockets. 1053 105420090628: 1055 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 1056 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 1057 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 1058 105920090624: 1060 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 1061 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 1062 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1063 800100. 1064 106520090622: 1066 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 1067 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 1068 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 1069 107020090619: 1071 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 1072 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 1073 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 1074 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 1075 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 1076 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 1077 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 1078 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 1079 1080 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 1081 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 1082 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 1083 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 1084 authentication method is used. 1085 108620090616: 1087 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 1088 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 1089 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 1090 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 1091 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 1092 109320090613: 1094 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 1095 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 1096 109720090611: 1098 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 1099 be rebuilt. 1100 110120090608: 1102 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 1103 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 1104 110520090602: 1106 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 1107 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 1108 110920090601: 1110 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 1111 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 1112 re-compiled. 1113 111420090601: 1115 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 1116 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 1117 rebuilt. 1118 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 1119 112020090530: 1121 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 1122 more valid. 1123 112420090530: 1125 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 1126 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 1127 112820090529: 1129 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 1130 rebuilt. 1131 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 1132 113320090528: 1134 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 1135 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 1136 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 1137 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 1138 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 1139 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 1140 114120090527: 1142 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 1143 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 1144 114520090523: 1146 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 1147 need to be rebuilt. 1148 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 1149 115020090523: 1151 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 1152 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 1153 115420090520: 1155 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 1156 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 1157 115820090520: 1159 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 1160 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 1161 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 1162 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 1163 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 1164 116520090430: 1166 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 1167 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 1168 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 1169 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 1170 correctly checking networking state from userland. 1171 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 1172 117320090429: 1174 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1175 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1176 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 1177 follows the IPv4 implementation. 1178 1179 For kernel developers: 1180 1181 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 1182 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 1183 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1184 1185 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 1186 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 1187 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 1188 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 1189 1190 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 1191 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 1192 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 1193 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 1194 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 1195 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 1196 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 1197 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 1198 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 1199 multicast membership on-link. 1200 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 1201 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 1202 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 1203 1204 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 1205 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 1206 stack. 1207 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 1208 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 1209 semantics. 1210 1211 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 1212 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 1213 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 1214 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 1215 1216 For application developers: 1217 1218 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 1219 stack. 1220 1221 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 1222 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 1223 1224 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 1225 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 1226 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 1227 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 1228 1229 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 1230 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 1231 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 1232 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 1233 Multicast Source Filters'. 1234 1235 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 1236 1237 For systems administrators: 1238 1239 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 1240 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 1241 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 1242 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 1243 returned by getifaddrs(3). 1244 1245 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 1246 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 1247 1248 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 1249 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 1250 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 1251 recommended for optimal system performance. 1252 1253 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 1254 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 1255 back forwarded datagrams. 1256 1257 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 1258 125920090422: 1260 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 1261 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1262 126320090419: 1264 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1265 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1266 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1268 126920090415: 1270 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1271 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1272 state will require a world rebuild. 1273 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1274 127520090415: 1276 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1277 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1278 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1279 128020090414: 1281 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1282 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1283 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1284 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1285 load balancing. 1286 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1287 128820090408: 1289 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1290 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1291 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1292 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1293 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1294 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1295 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1296 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1297 129820090407: 1299 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1300 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1301 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1302 130320090320: 1304 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1305 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1306 introduces some changes: 1307 1308 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1309 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1310 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1311 1312 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1313 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1314 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1315 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1316 1317 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1318 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1319 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1320 the "386BSD" type). 1321 1322 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1323 132420090319: 1325 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1326 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1327 (supported by sane). 1328 132920090319: 1330 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1331 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1332 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1333 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1334 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1335 133620090315: 1337 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1338 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1339 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1340 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1341 used. 1342 134320090313: 1344 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1345 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1346 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1347 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1348 134920090313: 1350 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1351 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1352 135320090309: 1354 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1355 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1356 1357 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1358 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1359 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1360 1361 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1362 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1363 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1364 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1365 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1366 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1367 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1368 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1369 1370 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1371 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1372 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1373 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1374 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1375 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1376 1377 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1378 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1379 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1380 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1381 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1382 1383 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1384 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1385 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1386 via IGMP. 1387 1388 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1389 recompiled to reflect this. 1390 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1391 139220090309: 1393 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1394 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1395 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1396 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1397 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1398 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1399 140020090302: 1401 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1402 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1403 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1404 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1405 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1406 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1407 140820090301: 1409 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1410 network device driver modules. 1411 141220090227: 1413 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1414 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1415 141620090223: 1417 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1418 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1419 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1420 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1421 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1422 apply. 1423 142420090217: 1425 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1426 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1427 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1428 use the new name. 1429 143020090216: 1431 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1432 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1433 add 1434 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1435 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1436 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1437 143820090215: 1439 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1440 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1441 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1442 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1443 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1444 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1445 1446 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1447 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1448 be used for this: 1449 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1450 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1451 145220090209: 1453 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1454 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1455 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1456 145720090203: 1458 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1459 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1460 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1461 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1462 same interface. 1463 146420090201: 1465 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1466 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1467 146820090119: 1469 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1470 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1471 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1472 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1473 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1474 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1475 147620090115: 1477 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1478 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1479 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1480 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1481 148220081225: 1483 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1484 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1485 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1486 in next mpd5.3 release. 1487 148820081219: 1489 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1490 the base system (it was a port). 1491 149220081216: 1493 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1494 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1495 149620081214: 1497 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1498 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1499 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1500 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1501 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1502 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1503 none of the L2 information. 1504 150520081130: 1506 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1507 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1508 1509 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1510 1511 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1512 1513 device ath_hal 1514 1515 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1516 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1517 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1518 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1519 152020081121: 1521 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1522 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1523 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1524 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1525 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1526 packets. 1527 152820081117: 1529 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1530 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1531 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1532 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1533 153420081028: 1535 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1536 153720081009: 1538 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1539 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1540 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1541 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1542 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1543 1544 uhci_load="YES" 1545 ehci_load="YES" 1546 154720081009: 1548 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1549 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1550 sync. 1551 155220081009: 1553 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1554 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1555 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1556 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1557 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1558 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1559 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1560 156120080820: 1562 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1563 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1564 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1565 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1566 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1567 1568 PCI/ISA: 1569 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1570 1571 USB: 1572 ubser, ucycom 1573 1574 Line disciplines: 1575 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1576 1577 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1578 cause compilation to fail. 1579 158020080818: 1581 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1582 158320080801: 1584 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1585 1586 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1587 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1588 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1589 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1590 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1591 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1592 accepting the RSA key. 1593 1594 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1595 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1596 command line. 1597 1598 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1599 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1600 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1601 behavior. 1602 160320080713: 1604 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1605 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1606 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1607 1608 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1609 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1610 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1611 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1612 use the new device names. 1613 1614 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1615 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1616 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1617 at the loader prompt: 1618 1619 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1620 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1621 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1622 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1623 boot -s 1624 162520080609: 1626 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1627 disks instead. 1628 162920080603: 1630 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1631 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1632 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1633 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1634 163520080525: 1636 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1637 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1638 163920080509: 1640 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1641 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1642 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1643 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1644 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1645 164620080420: 1647 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1648 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1649 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1650 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1651 For example, change: 1652 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1653 to 1654 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1655 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1656 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1657 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1658 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1659 1660 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1661 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1662 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1663 166420080408: 1665 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1666 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1667 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1668 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1669 other operation levels. 1670 167120080312: 1672 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1673 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1674 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1675 compatibility with any prior release: 1676 1677 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1678 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1679 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1680 168120080301: 1682 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1683 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1684 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1685 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1686 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1687 nonetheless. 1688 168920080229: 1690 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1691 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1692 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1693 with older hardware easier to do. 1694 169520080220: 1696 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1697 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1698 169920080211: 1700 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1701 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1702 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1703 firewall rules. 1704 170520080208: 1706 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1707 mbuf chains. 1708 170920080126: 1710 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1711 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1712 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1713 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1714 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1715 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1716 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1717 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1718 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1719 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1720 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1721 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1722 172320080123: 1724 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1725 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1726 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1727 172820071128: 1729 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1730 functionality is the default now. 1731 173220071118: 1733 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1734 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1735 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1736 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1737 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1738 1739 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1740 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1741 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1742 174320071024: 1744 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1745 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1746 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1747 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1748 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1749 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1750 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1751 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1752 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1753 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1754 however. 1755 175620071020: 1757 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1758 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1759 used kproc_start().. 1760 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1761 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1762 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1763 176420071010: 1765 RELENG_7 branched. 1766 1767COMMON ITEMS: 1768 1769 General Notes 1770 ------------- 1771 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1772 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1773 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1774 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1775 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1776 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1777 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1778 1779 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1780 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1781 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1782 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1783 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1784 1785 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1786 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1787 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1788 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1789 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1790 1791 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1792 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1793 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1794 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1795 1796 ZFS notes 1797 --------- 1798 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1799 these two steps: 1800 1801 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1802 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1803 1804 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1805 1806 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1807 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1808 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1809 1810 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1811 1812 To build a kernel 1813 ----------------- 1814 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1815 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1816 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1817 1818 make kernel-toolchain 1819 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1820 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1821 1822 To test a kernel once 1823 --------------------- 1824 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1825 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1826 debugging information) run 1827 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1828 nextboot -k testkernel 1829 1830 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1831 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1832 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1833 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1834 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1835 1836 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1837 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1838 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1839 make depend 1840 make 1841 make install 1842 1843 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1844 1845 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1846 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1847 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1848 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1849 1850 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1851 make buildworld 1852 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1853 [1] 1854 <reboot in single user> [3] 1855 mergemaster -p [5] 1856 make installworld 1857 mergemaster -i [4] 1858 make delete-old [6] 1859 <reboot> 1860 1861 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1862 -------------------------------------------------- 1863 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1864 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1865 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1866 # size. 1867 1868 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1869 <boot into -stable> 1870 make buildworld 1871 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1872 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1873 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1874 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1875 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1876 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1877 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1878 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1879 <reboot into current> 1880 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1881 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1882 <reboot> 1883 1884 1885 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1886 ---------------------------------------------- 1887 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1888 make buildworld [9] 1889 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1890 [1] 1891 <reboot in single user> [3] 1892 mergemaster -p [5] 1893 make installworld 1894 mergemaster -i [4] 1895 make delete-old [6] 1896 <reboot> 1897 1898 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1899 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1900 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1901 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1902 the UPDATING entries. 1903 1904 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1905 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1906 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1907 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1908 much fewer pitfalls. 1909 1910 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1911 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1912 system on reboot. 1913 1914 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1915 fsck -p 1916 mount -u / 1917 mount -a 1918 cd src 1919 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1920 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1921 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1922 1923 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1924 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1925 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1926 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1927 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1928 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1929 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1930 1931 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1932 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1933 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1934 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1935 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1936 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1937 1938 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1939 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1940 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1941 1942 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1943 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1944 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1945 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1946 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1947 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1948 1949 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1950 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1951 1952 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1953 cvs prune empty directories. 1954 1955 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1956 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1957 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1958 1959 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1960 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1961 warn if it is improperly defined. 1962FORMAT: 1963 1964This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1965breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1966list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1967If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1968to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1969 1970Copyright information: 1971 1972Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1973 1974Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1975modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1976document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1977 1978THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1979IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1980WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1981DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1982INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1983(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1984SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1985HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1986STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1987IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1988POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1989 1990Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1991this document. 1992 1993$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 255227 2013-09-05 01:05:48Z pjd $ 1994