UPDATING revision 243800
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 15 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 16 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 17 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 18 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 19 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 20 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 21 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 22 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 23 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 24 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 25 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 26 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 27 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 28 2920121201: 30 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 31 depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add 32 the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 33 3420121117: 35 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 36 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 37 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 38 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 39 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 40 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 41 4220121105: 43 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 44 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 45 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 46 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 47 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. 48 4920121102: 50 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 51 functionality now turned on by default. 52 5320121023: 54 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 55 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 56 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 57 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 58 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 59 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 60 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 61 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 62 of the two kernel options. 63 6420121023: 65 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 66 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 67 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 68 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 69 7020121022: 71 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 72 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 73 recompiled. 74 7520121018: 76 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 77 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 78 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 79 8020121016: 81 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 82 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 83 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 84 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 85 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 86 8720121015: 88 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 89 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 90 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 91 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 92 9320121014: 94 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 95 9620121013: 97 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 98 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 99 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 100 knob has also gone. 101 10220121006: 103 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 104 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 105 with new kernel. 106 10720121001: 108 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 109 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 110 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 111 11220120913: 113 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 114 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 115 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 116 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 117 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 118 configurations. 119 12020120908: 121 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 122 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 123 12420120828: 125 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 126 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 127 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 128 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 129 manual page. 130 13120120727: 132 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 133 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 134 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 135 13620120712: 137 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 138 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 139 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 140 14120120712: 142 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 143 with other variables: 144 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 145 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 146 14720120628: 148 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 149 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 150 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 151 installed as "bsdsort". 152 15320120611: 154 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 155 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 156 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 157 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 158 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 159 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 160 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 161 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 162 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 163 16420120417: 165 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 166 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 167 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 168 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 169 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 170 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 171 NAMESPACE section). 172 17320120328: 174 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 175 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 176 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 177 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 178 settings are unchanged. 179 18020120306: 181 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 182 platforms. 183 18420120229: 185 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 186 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 187 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 188 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 189 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 190 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 191 19220120211: 193 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 194 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 195 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 196 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 197 comes from 20111215. 198 19920120114: 200 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 201 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 202 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 203 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 204 205 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 206 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 207 20820120109: 209 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 210 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 211 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 212 tunable/sysctl. 213 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 214 21520111215: 216 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 217 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 218 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 219 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 220 not supported anymore. 221 222 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 223 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 224 need to be recompiled. 225 22620111122: 227 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 228 /dev/wmistat0. 229 23020111108: 231 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 232 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 233 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 234 time. 235 23620111101: 237 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 238 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 239 24020110930: 241 sysinstall has been removed 242 24320110923: 244 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 245 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 246 24720110913: 248 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 249 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 250 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 251 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 252 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 253 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 254 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 255 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 256 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 257 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 258 25920110828: 260 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 261 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 262 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 263 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 264 26520110815: 266 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 267 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 268 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 269 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 270 271 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 272 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 273 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 274 27520110628: 276 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 277 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 278 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 279 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 280 28120110608: 282 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 283 machdep.hlt_cpus 284 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 285 The following sysctl is retired: 286 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 287 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 288 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 289 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 290 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 291 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 292 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 293 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 294 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 295 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 296 a default scheduler. 297 29820110607: 299 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 300 a mask of CPUs. 301 30220110531: 303 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 304 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 305 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 306 world. 307 30820110513: 309 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 310 31120110503: 312 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 313 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 314 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 315 drivers need to be recompiled. 316 317 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 318 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 319 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 320 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 321 branches. 322 32320110430: 324 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 325 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 326 32720110427: 328 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 329 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 330 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 331 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 332 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 333 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 334 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 335 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 336 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 337 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 338 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 339 340 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 341 342 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 343 a diskless root fs use the old client. 344 34520110424: 346 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 347 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 348 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 349 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 350 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 351 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 352 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 353 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 354 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 355 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 356 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 357 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 358 359 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 360 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 361 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 362 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 363 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 364 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 365 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 366 them are parts of the cam module. 367 368 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 369 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 370 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 371 372 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 373 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 374 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 375 options ATA_CAM 376 device ahci 377 device mvs 378 device siis 379 , and instead add back: 380 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 381 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 382 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 383 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 384 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 385 38620110423: 387 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 388 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 389 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 390 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 391 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 392 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 393 39420110418: 395 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 396 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 397 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 398 39920110331: 400 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 401 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 402 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 403 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 404 in order to use ath on everything else. 405 406 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 407 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 408 40920110314: 410 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 411 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 412 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 413 41420110218: 415 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 416 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 417 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 418 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 419 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 420 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 421 42220110218: 423 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 424 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 425 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 426 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 427 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 428 authentication). 429 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 430 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 431 43220110207: 433 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 434 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 435 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 436 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 437 The function remains undocumented. 438 43920110112: 440 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 441 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 442 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 443 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 444 systems where the define is not present can check against 445 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 446 447 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 448 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 449 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 450 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 451 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 452 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 453 45420110103: 455 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 456 the following warning: 457 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 458 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 459 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 460 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 461 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 462 install it on your system. 463 464 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 465 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 466 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 467 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 468 46920101228: 470 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 471 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 472 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 473 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 474 be recompiled. 475 47620101114: 477 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 478 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 479 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 480 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 481 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 482 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 483 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 484 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 485 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 486 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 487 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 488 it, for example via: 489 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 490 491 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 492 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 493 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 494 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 495 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 496 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 497 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 498 499 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 500 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 501 50220101111: 503 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 504 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 505 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 506 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 507 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 508 50920101002: 510 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 511 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 512 migrate local entries to the new format. 513 51420100928: 515 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 516 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 517 upstream sshd. 518 51920100915: 520 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 521 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 522 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 523 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 524 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 525 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 526 52720100913: 528 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 529 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 530 531 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 532 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 533 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 534 default is "AUTO". 535 536 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 537 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 538 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 539 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 540 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 541 542 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 543 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 544 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 545 54620100913: 547 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 548 now i386 and amd64 only. 549 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 550 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 551 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 552 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 553 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 554 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 555 55620100725: 557 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 558 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 559 56020100722: 561 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 562 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 563 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 564 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 565 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 566 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 567 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 568 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 569 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 570 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 571 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 572 57320100713: 574 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 575 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 576 machine powerpc powerpc 577 578 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 579 after this change. 580 58120100713: 582 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 583 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 584 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 585 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 586 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 587 58820100429: 589 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 590 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 591 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 592 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 593 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 594 59520100402: 596 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 597 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 598 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 599 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 600 WITH_CTF=yes"). 601 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 602 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 603 to unwanted behavior. 604 60520100311: 606 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 607 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 608 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 609 be modified accordingly. 610 61120100113: 612 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 613 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 614 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 615 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 616 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 617 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 618 619 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 620 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 621 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 622 use of utmpx. 623 624 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 625 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 626 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 627 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 628 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 629 63020100108: 631 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 632 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 633 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 634 63520091202: 636 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 637 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 638 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 639 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 640 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 641 642 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 643 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 644 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 645 646 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 647 64820091125: 649 8.0-RELEASE. 650 65120091113: 652 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 653 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 654 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 655 operation of applications on the console. 656 657 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 658 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 659 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 660 cons25. 661 662 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 663 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 664 performed by syscons(4). 665 66620091109: 667 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 668 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 669 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 670 671 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 672 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 673 new structure. 674 67520091025: 676 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 677 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 678 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 679 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 680 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 681 iwn5150fw. 682 68320090926: 684 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 685 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 686 687 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 688 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 689 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 690 691 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 692 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 693 694 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 695 they are obsolete. 696 697 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 698 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 699 700 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 701 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 702 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 703 704 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 705 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 706 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 707 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 708 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 709 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 710 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 711 using ifconfig(8) like: 712 713 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 714 715 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 716 IPv6-preferred. 717 718 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 719 720 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 721 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 722 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 723 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 724 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 725 72620090922: 727 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 728 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 729 73020090912: 731 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 732 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 733 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 734 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 735 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 736 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 737 73820090910: 739 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 740 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 741 74220090825: 743 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 744 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 745 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 746 is 1000. 747 74820090813: 749 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 750 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 751 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 752 75320090803: 754 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 755 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 756 75720090719: 758 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 759 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 760 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 761 76220090714: 763 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 764 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 765 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 766 76720090713: 768 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 769 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 770 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 771 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 772 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 773 77420090712: 775 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 776 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 777 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 778 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 779 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 780 78120090630: 782 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 783 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 784 may need to be adjusted. 785 78620090629: 787 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 788 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 789 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 790 with routing sockets. 791 79220090628: 793 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 794 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 795 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 796 79720090624: 798 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 799 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 800 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 801 800100. 802 80320090622: 804 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 805 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 806 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 807 80820090619: 809 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 810 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 811 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 812 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 813 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 814 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 815 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 816 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 817 818 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 819 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 820 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 821 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 822 authentication method is used. 823 82420090616: 825 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 826 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 827 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 828 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 829 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 830 83120090613: 832 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 833 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 834 83520090611: 836 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 837 be rebuilt. 838 83920090608: 840 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 841 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 842 84320090602: 844 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 845 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 846 84720090601: 848 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 849 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 850 re-compiled. 851 85220090601: 853 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 854 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 855 rebuilt. 856 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 857 85820090530: 859 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 860 more valid. 861 86220090530: 863 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 864 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 865 86620090529: 867 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 868 rebuilt. 869 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 870 87120090528: 872 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 873 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 874 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 875 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 876 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 877 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 878 87920090527: 880 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 881 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 882 88320090523: 884 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 885 need to be rebuilt. 886 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 887 88820090523: 889 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 890 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 891 89220090520: 893 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 894 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 895 89620090520: 897 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 898 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 899 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 900 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 901 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 902 90320090430: 904 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 905 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 906 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 907 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 908 correctly checking networking state from userland. 909 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 910 91120090429: 912 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 913 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 914 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 915 follows the IPv4 implementation. 916 917 For kernel developers: 918 919 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 920 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 921 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 922 923 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 924 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 925 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 926 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 927 928 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 929 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 930 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 931 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 932 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 933 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 934 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 935 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 936 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 937 multicast membership on-link. 938 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 939 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 940 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 941 942 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 943 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 944 stack. 945 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 946 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 947 semantics. 948 949 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 950 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 951 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 952 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 953 954 For application developers: 955 956 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 957 stack. 958 959 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 960 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 961 962 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 963 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 964 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 965 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 966 967 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 968 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 969 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 970 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 971 Multicast Source Filters'. 972 973 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 974 975 For systems administrators: 976 977 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 978 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 979 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 980 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 981 returned by getifaddrs(3). 982 983 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 984 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 985 986 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 987 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 988 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 989 recommended for optimal system performance. 990 991 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 992 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 993 back forwarded datagrams. 994 995 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 996 99720090422: 998 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 999 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 1000 100120090419: 1002 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 1003 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 1004 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 1005 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 1006 100720090415: 1008 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 1009 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 1010 state will require a world rebuild. 1011 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 1012 101320090415: 1014 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 1015 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 1016 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 1017 101820090414: 1019 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 1020 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 1021 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 1022 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 1023 load balancing. 1024 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 1025 102620090408: 1027 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 1028 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 1029 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 1030 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 1031 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 1032 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 1033 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 1034 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 1035 103620090407: 1037 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 1038 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 1039 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 1040 104120090320: 1042 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 1043 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 1044 introduces some changes: 1045 1046 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 1047 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 1048 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 1049 1050 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 1051 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 1052 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1053 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1054 1055 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1056 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1057 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1058 the "386BSD" type). 1059 1060 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1061 106220090319: 1063 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1064 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1065 (supported by sane). 1066 106720090319: 1068 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1069 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1070 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1071 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1072 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1073 107420090315: 1075 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1076 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1077 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1078 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1079 used. 1080 108120090313: 1082 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1083 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1084 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1085 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1086 108720090313: 1088 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1089 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1090 109120090309: 1092 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1093 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1094 1095 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1096 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1097 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1098 1099 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1100 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1101 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1102 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1103 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1104 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1105 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1106 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1107 1108 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1109 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1110 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1111 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1112 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1113 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1114 1115 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1116 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1117 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1118 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1119 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1120 1121 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1122 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1123 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1124 via IGMP. 1125 1126 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1127 recompiled to reflect this. 1128 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1129 113020090309: 1131 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1132 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1133 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1134 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1135 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1136 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1137 113820090302: 1139 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1140 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1141 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1142 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1143 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1144 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1145 114620090301: 1147 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1148 network device driver modules. 1149 115020090227: 1151 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1152 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1153 115420090223: 1155 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1156 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1157 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1158 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1159 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1160 apply. 1161 116220090217: 1163 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1164 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1165 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1166 use the new name. 1167 116820090216: 1169 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1170 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1171 add 1172 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1173 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1174 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1175 117620090215: 1177 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1178 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1179 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1180 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1181 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1182 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1183 1184 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1185 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1186 be used for this: 1187 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1188 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1189 119020090209: 1191 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1192 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1193 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1194 119520090203: 1196 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1197 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1198 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1199 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1200 same interface. 1201 120220090201: 1203 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1204 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1205 120620090119: 1207 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1208 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1209 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1210 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1211 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1212 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1213 121420090115: 1215 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1216 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1217 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1218 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1219 122020081225: 1221 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1222 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1223 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1224 in next mpd5.3 release. 1225 122620081219: 1227 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1228 the base system (it was a port). 1229 123020081216: 1231 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1232 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1233 123420081214: 1235 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1236 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1237 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1238 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1239 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1240 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1241 none of the L2 information. 1242 124320081130: 1244 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1245 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1246 1247 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1248 1249 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1250 1251 device ath_hal 1252 1253 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1254 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1255 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1256 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1257 125820081121: 1259 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1260 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1261 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1262 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1263 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1264 packets. 1265 126620081117: 1267 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1268 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1269 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1270 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1271 127220081028: 1273 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1274 127520081009: 1276 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1277 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1278 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1279 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1280 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1281 1282 uhci_load="YES" 1283 ehci_load="YES" 1284 128520081009: 1286 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1287 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1288 sync. 1289 129020081009: 1291 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1292 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1293 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1294 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1295 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1296 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1297 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1298 129920080820: 1300 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1301 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1302 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1303 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1304 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1305 1306 PCI/ISA: 1307 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1308 1309 USB: 1310 ubser, ucycom 1311 1312 Line disciplines: 1313 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1314 1315 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1316 cause compilation to fail. 1317 131820080818: 1319 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1320 132120080801: 1322 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1323 1324 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1325 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1326 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1327 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1328 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1329 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1330 accepting the RSA key. 1331 1332 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1333 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1334 command line. 1335 1336 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1337 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1338 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1339 behavior. 1340 134120080713: 1342 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1343 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1344 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1345 1346 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1347 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1348 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1349 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1350 use the new device names. 1351 1352 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1353 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1354 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1355 at the loader prompt: 1356 1357 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1358 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1359 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1360 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1361 boot -s 1362 136320080609: 1364 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1365 disks instead. 1366 136720080603: 1368 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1369 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1370 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1371 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1372 137320080525: 1374 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1375 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1376 137720080509: 1378 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1379 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1380 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1381 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1382 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1383 138420080420: 1385 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1386 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1387 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1388 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1389 For example, change: 1390 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1391 to 1392 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1393 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1394 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1395 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1396 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1397 1398 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1399 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1400 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1401 140220080408: 1403 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1404 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1405 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1406 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1407 other operation levels. 1408 140920080312: 1410 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1411 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1412 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1413 compatibility with any prior release: 1414 1415 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1416 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1417 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1418 141920080301: 1420 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1421 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1422 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1423 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1424 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1425 nonetheless. 1426 142720080229: 1428 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1429 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1430 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1431 with older hardware easier to do. 1432 143320080220: 1434 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1435 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1436 143720080211: 1438 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1439 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1440 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1441 firewall rules. 1442 144320080208: 1444 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1445 mbuf chains. 1446 144720080126: 1448 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1449 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1450 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1451 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1452 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1453 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1454 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1455 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1456 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1457 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1458 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1459 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1460 146120080123: 1462 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1463 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1464 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1465 146620071128: 1467 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1468 functionality is the default now. 1469 147020071118: 1471 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1472 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1473 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1474 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1475 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1476 1477 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1478 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1479 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1480 148120071024: 1482 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1483 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1484 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1485 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1486 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1487 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1488 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1489 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1490 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1491 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1492 however. 1493 149420071020: 1495 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1496 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1497 used kproc_start().. 1498 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1499 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1500 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1501 150220071010: 1503 RELENG_7 branched. 1504 1505COMMON ITEMS: 1506 1507 General Notes 1508 ------------- 1509 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1510 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1511 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1512 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1513 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1514 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1515 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1516 1517 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1518 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1519 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1520 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1521 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1522 1523 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1524 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1525 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1526 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1527 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1528 1529 ZFS notes 1530 --------- 1531 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1532 these two steps: 1533 1534 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1535 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1536 1537 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1538 1539 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1540 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1541 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1542 1543 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1544 1545 To build a kernel 1546 ----------------- 1547 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1548 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1549 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1550 1551 make kernel-toolchain 1552 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1553 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1554 1555 To test a kernel once 1556 --------------------- 1557 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1558 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1559 debugging information) run 1560 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1561 nextboot -k testkernel 1562 1563 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1564 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1565 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1566 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1567 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1568 1569 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1570 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1571 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1572 make depend 1573 make 1574 make install 1575 1576 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1577 1578 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1579 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1580 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1581 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1582 1583 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1584 make buildworld 1585 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1586 [1] 1587 <reboot in single user> [3] 1588 mergemaster -p [5] 1589 make installworld 1590 mergemaster -i [4] 1591 make delete-old [6] 1592 <reboot> 1593 1594 1595 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1596 -------------------------------------------------- 1597 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1598 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1599 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1600 # size. 1601 1602 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1603 <boot into -stable> 1604 make buildworld 1605 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1606 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1607 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1608 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1609 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1610 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1611 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1612 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1613 <reboot into current> 1614 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1615 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1616 <reboot> 1617 1618 1619 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1620 ---------------------------------------------- 1621 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1622 make buildworld [9] 1623 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1624 [1] 1625 <reboot in single user> [3] 1626 mergemaster -p [5] 1627 make installworld 1628 mergemaster -i [4] 1629 make delete-old [6] 1630 <reboot> 1631 1632 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1633 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1634 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1635 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1636 the UPDATING entries. 1637 1638 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1639 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1640 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1641 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1642 much fewer pitfalls. 1643 1644 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1645 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1646 system on reboot. 1647 1648 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1649 fsck -p 1650 mount -u / 1651 mount -a 1652 cd src 1653 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1654 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1655 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1656 1657 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1658 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1659 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1660 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1661 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1662 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1663 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1664 1665 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1666 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1667 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1668 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1669 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1670 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1671 1672 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1673 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1674 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1675 1676 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1677 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1678 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1679 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1680 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1681 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1682 1683 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1684 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1685 1686 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1687 cvs prune empty directories. 1688 1689 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1690 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1691 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1692 1693 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1694 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1695 warn if it is improperly defined. 1696FORMAT: 1697 1698This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1699breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1700list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1701If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1702to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1703 1704Copyright information: 1705 1706Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1707 1708Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1709modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1710document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1711 1712THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1713IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1714WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1715DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1716INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1717(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1718SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1719HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1720STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1721IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1722POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1723 1724Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1725this document. 1726 1727$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 243800 2012-12-02 22:09:16Z rwatson $ 1728