UPDATING revision 241610
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720121016: 28 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 29 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 30 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 31 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 32 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 33 3420121015: 35 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 36 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 37 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 38 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 39 4020121014: 41 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 42 4320121013: 44 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 45 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 46 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 47 knob has also gone. 48 4920121006: 50 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 51 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 52 with new kernel. 53 5420121001: 55 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 56 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 57 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 58 5920120913: 60 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 61 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 62 Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if 63 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 64 option, so the change only affects the custom kernel 65 configurations. 66 6720120908: 68 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 69 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 70 7120120828: 72 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 73 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 74 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 75 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 76 manual page. 77 7820120727: 79 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 80 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 81 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 82 8320120712: 84 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 85 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 86 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 87 8820120712: 89 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 90 with other variables: 91 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 92 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 93 9420120628: 95 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 96 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 97 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 98 installed as "bsdsort". 99 10020120611: 101 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 102 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 103 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 104 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 105 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 106 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 107 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 108 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 109 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 110 11120120417: 112 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 113 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 114 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 115 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 116 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 117 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 118 NAMESPACE section). 119 12020120328: 121 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 122 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 123 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 124 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 125 settings are unchanged. 126 12720120306: 128 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 129 platforms. 130 13120120229: 132 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 133 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 134 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 135 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 136 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 137 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 138 13920120211: 140 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 141 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 142 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 143 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 144 comes from 20111215. 145 14620120114: 147 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 148 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 149 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 150 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 151 152 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 153 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 154 15520120109: 156 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 157 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 158 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 159 tunable/sysctl. 160 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 161 16220111215: 163 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 164 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 165 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 166 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 167 not supported anymore. 168 169 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 170 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 171 need to be recompiled. 172 17320111122: 174 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 175 /dev/wmistat0. 176 17720111108: 178 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 179 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 180 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 181 time. 182 18320111101: 184 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 185 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 186 18720110930: 188 sysinstall has been removed 189 19020110923: 191 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 192 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 193 19420110913: 195 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 196 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 197 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 198 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 199 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 200 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 201 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 202 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 203 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 204 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 205 20620110828: 207 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 208 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 209 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 210 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 211 21220110815: 213 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 214 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 215 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 216 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 217 218 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 219 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 220 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 221 22220110628: 223 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 224 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 225 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 226 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 227 22820110608: 229 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 230 machdep.hlt_cpus 231 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 232 The following sysctl is retired: 233 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 234 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 235 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 236 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 237 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 238 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 239 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 240 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 241 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 242 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 243 a default scheduler. 244 24520110607: 246 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 247 a mask of CPUs. 248 24920110531: 250 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 251 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 252 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 253 world. 254 25520110513: 256 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 257 25820110503: 259 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 260 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 261 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 262 drivers need to be recompiled. 263 264 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 265 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 266 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 267 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 268 branches. 269 27020110430: 271 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 272 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 273 27420110427: 275 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 276 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 277 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 278 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 279 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 280 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 281 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 282 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 283 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 284 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 285 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 286 287 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 288 289 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 290 a diskless root fs use the old client. 291 29220110424: 293 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 294 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 295 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 296 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 297 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 298 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 299 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 300 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 301 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 302 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 303 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 304 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 305 306 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 307 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 308 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 309 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 310 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 311 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 312 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 313 them are parts of the cam module. 314 315 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 316 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 317 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 318 319 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 320 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 321 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 322 options ATA_CAM 323 device ahci 324 device mvs 325 device siis 326 , and instead add back: 327 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 328 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 329 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 330 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 331 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 332 33320110423: 334 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 335 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 336 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 337 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 338 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 339 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 340 34120110418: 342 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 343 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 344 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 345 34620110331: 347 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 348 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 349 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 350 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 351 in order to use ath on everything else. 352 353 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 354 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 355 35620110314: 357 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 358 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 359 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 360 36120110218: 362 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 363 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 364 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 365 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 366 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 367 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 368 36920110218: 370 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 371 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 372 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 373 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 374 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 375 authentication). 376 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 377 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 378 37920110207: 380 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 381 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 382 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 383 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 384 The function remains undocumented. 385 38620110112: 387 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 388 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 389 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 390 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 391 systems where the define is not present can check against 392 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 393 394 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 395 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 396 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 397 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 398 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 399 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 400 40120110103: 402 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 403 the following warning: 404 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 405 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 406 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 407 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 408 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 409 install it on your system. 410 411 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 412 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 413 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 414 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 415 41620101228: 417 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 418 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 419 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 420 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 421 be recompiled. 422 42320101114: 424 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 425 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 426 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 427 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 428 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 429 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 430 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 431 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 432 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 433 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 434 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 435 it, for example via: 436 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 437 438 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 439 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 440 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 441 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 442 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 443 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 444 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 445 446 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 447 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 448 44920101111: 450 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 451 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 452 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 453 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 454 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 455 45620101002: 457 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 458 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 459 migrate local entries to the new format. 460 46120100928: 462 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 463 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 464 upstream sshd. 465 46620100915: 467 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 468 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 469 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 470 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 471 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 472 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 473 47420100913: 475 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 476 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 477 478 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 479 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 480 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 481 default is "AUTO". 482 483 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 484 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 485 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 486 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 487 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 488 489 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 490 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 491 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 492 49320100913: 494 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 495 now i386 and amd64 only. 496 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 497 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 498 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 499 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 500 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 501 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 502 50320100725: 504 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 505 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 506 50720100722: 508 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 509 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 510 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 511 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 512 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 513 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 514 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 515 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 516 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 517 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 518 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 519 52020100713: 521 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 522 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 523 machine powerpc powerpc 524 525 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 526 after this change. 527 52820100713: 529 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 530 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 531 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 532 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 533 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 534 53520100429: 536 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 537 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 538 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 539 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 540 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 541 54220100402: 543 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 544 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 545 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 546 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 547 WITH_CTF=yes"). 548 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 549 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 550 to unwanted behavior. 551 55220100311: 553 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 554 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 555 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 556 be modified accordingly. 557 55820100113: 559 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 560 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 561 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 562 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 563 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 564 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 565 566 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 567 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 568 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 569 use of utmpx. 570 571 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 572 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 573 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 574 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 575 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 576 57720100108: 578 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 579 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 580 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 581 58220091202: 583 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 584 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 585 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 586 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 587 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 588 589 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 590 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 591 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 592 593 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 594 59520091125: 596 8.0-RELEASE. 597 59820091113: 599 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 600 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 601 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 602 operation of applications on the console. 603 604 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 605 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 606 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 607 cons25. 608 609 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 610 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 611 performed by syscons(4). 612 61320091109: 614 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 615 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 616 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 617 618 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 619 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 620 new structure. 621 62220091025: 623 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 624 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 625 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 626 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 627 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 628 iwn5150fw. 629 63020090926: 631 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 632 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 633 634 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 635 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 636 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 637 638 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 639 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 640 641 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 642 they are obsolete. 643 644 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 645 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 646 647 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 648 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 649 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 650 651 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 652 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 653 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 654 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 655 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 656 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 657 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 658 using ifconfig(8) like: 659 660 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 661 662 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 663 IPv6-preferred. 664 665 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 666 667 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 668 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 669 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 670 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 671 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 672 67320090922: 674 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 675 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 676 67720090912: 678 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 679 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 680 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 681 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 682 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 683 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 684 68520090910: 686 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 687 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 688 68920090825: 690 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 691 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 692 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 693 is 1000. 694 69520090813: 696 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 697 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 698 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 699 70020090803: 701 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 702 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 703 70420090719: 705 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 706 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 707 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 708 70920090714: 710 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 711 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 712 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 713 71420090713: 715 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 716 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 717 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 718 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 719 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 720 72120090712: 722 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 723 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 724 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 725 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 726 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 727 72820090630: 729 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 730 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 731 may need to be adjusted. 732 73320090629: 734 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 735 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 736 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 737 with routing sockets. 738 73920090628: 740 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 741 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 742 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 743 74420090624: 745 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 746 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 747 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 748 800100. 749 75020090622: 751 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 752 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 753 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 754 75520090619: 756 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 757 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 758 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 759 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 760 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 761 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 762 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 763 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 764 765 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 766 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 767 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 768 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 769 authentication method is used. 770 77120090616: 772 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 773 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 774 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 775 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 776 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 777 77820090613: 779 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 780 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 781 78220090611: 783 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 784 be rebuilt. 785 78620090608: 787 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 788 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 789 79020090602: 791 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 792 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 793 79420090601: 795 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 796 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 797 re-compiled. 798 79920090601: 800 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 801 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 802 rebuilt. 803 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 804 80520090530: 806 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 807 more valid. 808 80920090530: 810 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 811 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 812 81320090529: 814 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 815 rebuilt. 816 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 817 81820090528: 819 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 820 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 821 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 822 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 823 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 824 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 825 82620090527: 827 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 828 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 829 83020090523: 831 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 832 need to be rebuilt. 833 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 834 83520090523: 836 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 837 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 838 83920090520: 840 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 841 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 842 84320090520: 844 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 845 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 846 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 847 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 848 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 849 85020090430: 851 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 852 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 853 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 854 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 855 correctly checking networking state from userland. 856 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 857 85820090429: 859 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 860 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 861 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 862 follows the IPv4 implementation. 863 864 For kernel developers: 865 866 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 867 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 868 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 869 870 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 871 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 872 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 873 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 874 875 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 876 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 877 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 878 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 879 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 880 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 881 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 882 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 883 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 884 multicast membership on-link. 885 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 886 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 887 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 888 889 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 890 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 891 stack. 892 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 893 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 894 semantics. 895 896 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 897 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 898 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 899 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 900 901 For application developers: 902 903 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 904 stack. 905 906 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 907 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 908 909 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 910 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 911 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 912 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 913 914 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 915 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 916 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 917 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 918 Multicast Source Filters'. 919 920 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 921 922 For systems administrators: 923 924 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 925 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 926 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 927 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 928 returned by getifaddrs(3). 929 930 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 931 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 932 933 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 934 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 935 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 936 recommended for optimal system performance. 937 938 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 939 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 940 back forwarded datagrams. 941 942 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 943 94420090422: 945 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 946 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 947 94820090419: 949 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 950 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 951 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 952 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 953 95420090415: 955 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 956 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 957 state will require a world rebuild. 958 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 959 96020090415: 961 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 962 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 963 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 964 96520090414: 966 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 967 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 968 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 969 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 970 load balancing. 971 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 972 97320090408: 974 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 975 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 976 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 977 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 978 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 979 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 980 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 981 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 982 98320090407: 984 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 985 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 986 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 987 98820090320: 989 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 990 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 991 introduces some changes: 992 993 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 994 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 995 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 996 997 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 998 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 999 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 1000 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 1001 1002 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 1003 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 1004 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 1005 the "386BSD" type). 1006 1007 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 1008 100920090319: 1010 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 1011 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 1012 (supported by sane). 1013 101420090319: 1015 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 1016 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 1017 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 1018 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 1019 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 1020 102120090315: 1022 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 1023 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 1024 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 1025 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 1026 used. 1027 102820090313: 1029 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 1030 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 1031 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 1032 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 1033 103420090313: 1035 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 1036 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 1037 103820090309: 1039 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 1040 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 1041 1042 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 1043 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 1044 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 1045 1046 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 1047 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 1048 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 1049 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 1050 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 1051 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 1052 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 1053 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 1054 1055 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 1056 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 1057 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 1058 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 1059 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 1060 to preserve the existing behaviour. 1061 1062 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 1063 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 1064 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 1065 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 1066 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 1067 1068 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 1069 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 1070 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 1071 via IGMP. 1072 1073 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 1074 recompiled to reflect this. 1075 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 1076 107720090309: 1078 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 1079 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 1080 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 1081 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 1082 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 1083 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1084 108520090302: 1086 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1087 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1088 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1089 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1090 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1091 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1092 109320090301: 1094 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1095 network device driver modules. 1096 109720090227: 1098 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1099 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1100 110120090223: 1102 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1103 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1104 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1105 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1106 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1107 apply. 1108 110920090217: 1110 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1111 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1112 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1113 use the new name. 1114 111520090216: 1116 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1117 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1118 add 1119 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1120 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1121 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1122 112320090215: 1124 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1125 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1126 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1127 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1128 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1129 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1130 1131 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1132 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1133 be used for this: 1134 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1135 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1136 113720090209: 1138 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1139 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1140 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1141 114220090203: 1143 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1144 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1145 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1146 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1147 same interface. 1148 114920090201: 1150 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1151 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1152 115320090119: 1154 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1155 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1156 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1157 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1158 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1159 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1160 116120090115: 1162 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1163 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1164 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1165 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1166 116720081225: 1168 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1169 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1170 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1171 in next mpd5.3 release. 1172 117320081219: 1174 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1175 the base system (it was a port). 1176 117720081216: 1178 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1179 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1180 118120081214: 1182 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1183 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1184 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1185 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1186 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1187 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1188 none of the L2 information. 1189 119020081130: 1191 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1192 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1193 1194 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1195 1196 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1197 1198 device ath_hal 1199 1200 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1201 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1202 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1203 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1204 120520081121: 1206 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1207 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1208 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1209 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1210 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1211 packets. 1212 121320081117: 1214 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1215 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1216 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1217 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1218 121920081028: 1220 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1221 122220081009: 1223 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1224 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1225 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1226 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1227 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1228 1229 uhci_load="YES" 1230 ehci_load="YES" 1231 123220081009: 1233 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1234 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1235 sync. 1236 123720081009: 1238 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1239 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1240 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1241 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1242 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1243 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1244 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1245 124620080820: 1247 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1248 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1249 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1250 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1251 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1252 1253 PCI/ISA: 1254 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1255 1256 USB: 1257 ubser, ucycom 1258 1259 Line disciplines: 1260 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1261 1262 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1263 cause compilation to fail. 1264 126520080818: 1266 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1267 126820080801: 1269 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1270 1271 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1272 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1273 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1274 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1275 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1276 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1277 accepting the RSA key. 1278 1279 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1280 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1281 command line. 1282 1283 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1284 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1285 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1286 behavior. 1287 128820080713: 1289 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1290 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1291 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1292 1293 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1294 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1295 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1296 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1297 use the new device names. 1298 1299 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1300 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1301 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1302 at the loader prompt: 1303 1304 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1305 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1306 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1307 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1308 boot -s 1309 131020080609: 1311 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1312 disks instead. 1313 131420080603: 1315 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1316 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1317 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1318 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1319 132020080525: 1321 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1322 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1323 132420080509: 1325 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1326 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1327 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1328 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1329 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1330 133120080420: 1332 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1333 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1334 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1335 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1336 For example, change: 1337 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1338 to 1339 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1340 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1341 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1342 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1343 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1344 1345 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1346 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1347 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1348 134920080408: 1350 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1351 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1352 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1353 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1354 other operation levels. 1355 135620080312: 1357 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1358 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1359 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1360 compatibility with any prior release: 1361 1362 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1363 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1364 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1365 136620080301: 1367 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1368 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1369 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1370 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1371 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1372 nonetheless. 1373 137420080229: 1375 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1376 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1377 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1378 with older hardware easier to do. 1379 138020080220: 1381 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1382 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1383 138420080211: 1385 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1386 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1387 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1388 firewall rules. 1389 139020080208: 1391 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1392 mbuf chains. 1393 139420080126: 1395 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1396 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1397 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1398 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1399 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1400 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1401 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1402 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1403 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1404 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1405 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1406 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1407 140820080123: 1409 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1410 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1411 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1412 141320071128: 1414 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1415 functionality is the default now. 1416 141720071118: 1418 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1419 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1420 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1421 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1422 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1423 1424 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1425 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1426 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1427 142820071024: 1429 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1430 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1431 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1432 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1433 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1434 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1435 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1436 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1437 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1438 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1439 however. 1440 144120071020: 1442 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1443 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1444 used kproc_start().. 1445 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1446 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1447 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1448 144920071010: 1450 RELENG_7 branched. 1451 1452COMMON ITEMS: 1453 1454 General Notes 1455 ------------- 1456 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1457 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1458 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1459 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1460 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1461 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1462 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1463 1464 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1465 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1466 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1467 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1468 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1469 1470 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1471 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1472 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1473 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1474 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1475 1476 ZFS notes 1477 --------- 1478 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1479 these two steps: 1480 1481 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1482 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1483 1484 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1485 1486 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1487 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1488 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1489 1490 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1491 1492 To build a kernel 1493 ----------------- 1494 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1495 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1496 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1497 1498 make kernel-toolchain 1499 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1500 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1501 1502 To test a kernel once 1503 --------------------- 1504 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1505 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1506 debugging information) run 1507 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1508 nextboot -k testkernel 1509 1510 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1511 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1512 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1513 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1514 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1515 1516 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1517 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1518 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1519 make depend 1520 make 1521 make install 1522 1523 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1524 1525 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1526 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1527 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1528 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1529 1530 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1531 make buildworld 1532 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1533 [1] 1534 <reboot in single user> [3] 1535 mergemaster -p [5] 1536 make installworld 1537 mergemaster -i [4] 1538 make delete-old [6] 1539 <reboot> 1540 1541 1542 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1543 -------------------------------------------------- 1544 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1545 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1546 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1547 # size. 1548 1549 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1550 <boot into -stable> 1551 make buildworld 1552 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1553 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1554 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1555 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1556 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1557 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1558 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1559 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1560 <reboot into current> 1561 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1562 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1563 <reboot> 1564 1565 1566 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1567 ---------------------------------------------- 1568 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1569 make buildworld [9] 1570 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1571 [1] 1572 <reboot in single user> [3] 1573 mergemaster -p [5] 1574 make installworld 1575 mergemaster -i [4] 1576 make delete-old [6] 1577 <reboot> 1578 1579 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1580 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1581 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1582 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1583 the UPDATING entries. 1584 1585 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1586 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1587 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1588 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1589 much fewer pitfalls. 1590 1591 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1592 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1593 system on reboot. 1594 1595 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1596 fsck -p 1597 mount -u / 1598 mount -a 1599 cd src 1600 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1601 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1602 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1603 1604 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1605 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1606 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1607 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1608 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1609 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1610 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1611 1612 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1613 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1614 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1615 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1616 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1617 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1618 1619 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1620 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1621 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1622 1623 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1624 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1625 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1626 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1627 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1628 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1629 1630 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1631 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1632 1633 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1634 cvs prune empty directories. 1635 1636 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1637 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1638 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1639 1640 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1641 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1642 warn if it is improperly defined. 1643FORMAT: 1644 1645This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1646breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1647list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1648If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1649to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1650 1651Copyright information: 1652 1653Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1654 1655Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1656modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1657document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1658 1659THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1660IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1661WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1662DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1663INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1664(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1665SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1666HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1667STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1668IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1669POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1670 1671Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1672this document. 1673 1674$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 241610 2012-10-16 13:37:54Z glebius $ 1675