UPDATING revision 225537
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110913: 26 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 27 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 28 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 29 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 30 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 31 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 32 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 33 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 34 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 35 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 36 3720110828: 38 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 39 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 40 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 41 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 42 4320110815: 44 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 45 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 46 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 47 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 48 49 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 50 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 51 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 52 5320110628: 54 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 55 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 56 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 57 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 58 5920110608: 60 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 61 machdep.hlt_cpus 62 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 63 The following sysctl is retired: 64 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 65 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 66 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 67 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 68 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 69 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 70 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 71 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 72 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 73 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 74 a default scheduler. 75 7620110607: 77 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 78 a mask of CPUs. 79 8020110531: 81 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 82 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 83 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 84 world. 85 8620110513: 87 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 88 8920110503: 90 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 91 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 92 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 93 drivers need to be recompiled. 94 95 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 96 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 97 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 98 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 99 branches. 100 10120110430: 102 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 103 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 104 10520110427: 106 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 107 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 108 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 109 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 110 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 111 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 112 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 113 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 114 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 115 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 116 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 117 118 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 119 120 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 121 a diskless root fs use the old client. 122 12320110424: 124 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 125 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 126 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 127 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 128 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 129 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 130 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 131 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 132 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 133 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 134 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 135 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 136 137 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 138 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 139 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 140 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 141 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 142 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 143 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 144 them are parts of the cam module. 145 146 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 147 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 148 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 149 150 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 151 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 152 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 153 options ATA_CAM 154 device ahci 155 device mvs 156 device siis 157 , and instead add back: 158 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 159 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 160 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 161 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 162 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 163 16420110423: 165 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 166 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 167 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 168 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 169 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 170 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 171 17220110418: 173 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 174 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 175 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 176 17720110331: 178 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 179 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 180 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 181 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 182 in order to use ath on everything else. 183 184 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 185 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 186 18720110314: 188 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 189 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 190 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 191 19220110218: 193 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 194 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 195 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 196 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 197 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 198 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 199 20020110218: 201 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 202 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 203 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 204 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 205 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 206 authentication). 207 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 208 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 209 21020110207: 211 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 212 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 213 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 214 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 215 The function remains undocumented. 216 21720110112: 218 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 219 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 220 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 221 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 222 systems where the define is not present can check against 223 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 224 225 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 226 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 227 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 228 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 229 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 230 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 231 23220110103: 233 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 234 the following warning: 235 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 236 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 237 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 238 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 239 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 240 install it on your system. 241 242 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 243 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 244 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 245 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 246 24720101228: 248 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 249 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 250 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 251 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 252 be recompiled. 253 25420101114: 255 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 256 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 257 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 258 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 259 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 260 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 261 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 262 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 263 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 264 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 265 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 266 it, for example via: 267 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 268 269 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 270 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 271 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 272 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 273 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 274 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 275 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 276 277 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 278 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 279 28020101111: 281 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 282 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 283 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 284 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 285 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 286 28720101002: 288 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 289 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 290 migrate local entries to the new format. 291 29220100928: 293 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 294 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 295 upstream sshd. 296 29720100915: 298 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 299 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 300 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 301 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 302 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 303 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 304 30520100913: 306 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 307 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 308 309 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 310 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 311 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 312 default is "AUTO". 313 314 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 315 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 316 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 317 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 318 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 319 320 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 321 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 322 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 323 32420100913: 325 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 326 now i386 and amd64 only. 327 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 328 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 329 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 330 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 331 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 332 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 333 33420100725: 335 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 336 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 337 33820100722: 339 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 340 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 341 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 342 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 343 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 344 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 345 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 346 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 347 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 348 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 349 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 350 35120100713: 352 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 353 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 354 machine powerpc powerpc 355 356 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 357 after this change. 358 35920100713: 360 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 361 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 362 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 363 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 364 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 365 36620100429: 367 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 368 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 369 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 370 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 371 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 372 37320100402: 374 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 375 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 376 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 377 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 378 WITH_CTF=yes"). 379 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 380 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 381 to unwanted behavior. 382 38320100311: 384 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 385 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 386 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 387 be modified accordingly. 388 38920100113: 390 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 391 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 392 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 393 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 394 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 395 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 396 397 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 398 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 399 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 400 use of utmpx. 401 402 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 403 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 404 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 405 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 406 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 407 40820100108: 409 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 410 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 411 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 412 41320091202: 414 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 415 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 416 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 417 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 418 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 419 420 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 421 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 422 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 423 424 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 425 42620091125: 427 8.0-RELEASE. 428 42920091113: 430 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 431 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 432 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 433 operation of applications on the console. 434 435 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 436 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 437 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 438 cons25. 439 440 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 441 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 442 performed by syscons(4). 443 44420091109: 445 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 446 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 447 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 448 449 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 450 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 451 new structure. 452 45320091025: 454 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 455 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 456 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 457 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 458 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 459 iwn5150fw. 460 46120090926: 462 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 463 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 464 465 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 466 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 467 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 468 469 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 470 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 471 472 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 473 they are obsolete. 474 475 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 476 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 477 478 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 479 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 480 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 481 482 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 483 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 484 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 485 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 486 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 487 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 488 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 489 using ifconfig(8) like: 490 491 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 492 493 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 494 IPv6-preferred. 495 496 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 497 498 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 499 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 500 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 501 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 502 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 503 50420090922: 505 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 506 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 507 50820090912: 509 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 510 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 511 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 512 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 513 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 514 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 515 51620090910: 517 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 518 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 519 52020090825: 521 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 522 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 523 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 524 is 1000. 525 52620090813: 527 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 528 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 529 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 530 53120090803: 532 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 533 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 534 53520090719: 536 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 537 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 538 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 539 54020090714: 541 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 542 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 543 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 544 54520090713: 546 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 547 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 548 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 549 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 550 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 551 55220090712: 553 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 554 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 555 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 556 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 557 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 558 55920090630: 560 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 561 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 562 may need to be adjusted. 563 56420090629: 565 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 566 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 567 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 568 with routing sockets. 569 57020090628: 571 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 572 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 573 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 574 57520090624: 576 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 577 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 578 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 579 800100. 580 58120090622: 582 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 583 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 584 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 585 58620090619: 587 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 588 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 589 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 590 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 591 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 592 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 593 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 594 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 595 596 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 597 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 598 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 599 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 600 authentication method is used. 601 60220090616: 603 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 604 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 605 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 606 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 607 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 608 60920090613: 610 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 611 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 612 61320090611: 614 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 615 be rebuilt. 616 61720090608: 618 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 619 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 620 62120090602: 622 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 623 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 624 62520090601: 626 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 627 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 628 re-compiled. 629 63020090601: 631 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 632 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 633 rebuilt. 634 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 635 63620090530: 637 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 638 more valid. 639 64020090530: 641 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 642 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 643 64420090529: 645 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 646 rebuilt. 647 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 648 64920090528: 650 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 651 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 652 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 653 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 654 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 655 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 656 65720090527: 658 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 659 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 660 66120090523: 662 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 663 need to be rebuilt. 664 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 665 66620090523: 667 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 668 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 669 67020090520: 671 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 672 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 673 67420090520: 675 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 676 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 677 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 678 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 679 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 680 68120090430: 682 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 683 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 684 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 685 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 686 correctly checking networking state from userland. 687 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 688 68920090429: 690 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 691 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 692 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 693 follows the IPv4 implementation. 694 695 For kernel developers: 696 697 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 698 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 699 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 700 701 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 702 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 703 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 704 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 705 706 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 707 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 708 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 709 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 710 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 711 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 712 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 713 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 714 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 715 multicast membership on-link. 716 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 717 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 718 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 719 720 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 721 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 722 stack. 723 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 724 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 725 semantics. 726 727 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 728 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 729 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 730 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 731 732 For application developers: 733 734 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 735 stack. 736 737 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 738 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 739 740 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 741 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 742 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 743 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 744 745 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 746 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 747 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 748 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 749 Multicast Source Filters'. 750 751 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 752 753 For systems administrators: 754 755 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 756 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 757 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 758 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 759 returned by getifaddrs(3). 760 761 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 762 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 763 764 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 765 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 766 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 767 recommended for optimal system performance. 768 769 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 770 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 771 back forwarded datagrams. 772 773 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 774 77520090422: 776 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 777 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 778 77920090419: 780 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 781 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 782 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 783 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 784 78520090415: 786 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 787 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 788 state will require a world rebuild. 789 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 790 79120090415: 792 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 793 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 794 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 795 79620090414: 797 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 798 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 799 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 800 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 801 load balancing. 802 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 803 80420090408: 805 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 806 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 807 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 808 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 809 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 810 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 811 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 812 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 813 81420090407: 815 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 816 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 817 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 818 81920090320: 820 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 821 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 822 introduces some changes: 823 824 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 825 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 826 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 827 828 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 829 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 830 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 831 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 832 833 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 834 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 835 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 836 the "386BSD" type). 837 838 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 839 84020090319: 841 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 842 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 843 (supported by sane). 844 84520090319: 846 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 847 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 848 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 849 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 850 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 851 85220090315: 853 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 854 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 855 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 856 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 857 used. 858 85920090313: 860 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 861 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 862 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 863 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 864 86520090313: 866 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 867 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 868 86920090309: 870 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 871 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 872 873 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 874 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 875 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 876 877 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 878 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 879 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 880 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 881 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 882 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 883 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 884 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 885 886 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 887 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 888 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 889 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 890 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 891 to preserve the existing behaviour. 892 893 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 894 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 895 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 896 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 897 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 898 899 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 900 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 901 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 902 via IGMP. 903 904 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 905 recompiled to reflect this. 906 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 907 90820090309: 909 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 910 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 911 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 912 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 913 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 914 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 915 91620090302: 917 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 918 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 919 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 920 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 921 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 922 raised to allow such segments to be created. 923 92420090301: 925 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 926 network device driver modules. 927 92820090227: 929 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 930 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 931 93220090223: 933 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 934 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 935 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 936 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 937 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 938 apply. 939 94020090217: 941 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 942 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 943 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 944 use the new name. 945 94620090216: 947 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 948 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 949 add 950 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 951 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 952 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 953 95420090215: 955 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 956 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 957 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 958 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 959 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 960 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 961 962 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 963 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 964 be used for this: 965 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 966 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 967 96820090209: 969 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 970 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 971 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 972 97320090203: 974 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 975 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 976 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 977 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 978 same interface. 979 98020090201: 981 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 982 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 983 98420090119: 985 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 986 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 987 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 988 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 989 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 990 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 991 99220090115: 993 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 994 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 995 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 996 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 997 99820081225: 999 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1000 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1001 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1002 in next mpd5.3 release. 1003 100420081219: 1005 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1006 the base system (it was a port). 1007 100820081216: 1009 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1010 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1011 101220081214: 1013 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1014 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1015 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1016 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1017 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1018 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1019 none of the L2 information. 1020 102120081130: 1022 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1023 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1024 1025 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1026 1027 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1028 1029 device ath_hal 1030 1031 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1032 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1033 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1034 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1035 103620081121: 1037 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1038 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1039 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1040 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1041 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1042 packets. 1043 104420081117: 1045 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1046 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1047 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1048 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1049 105020081028: 1051 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1052 105320081009: 1054 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1055 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1056 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1057 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1058 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1059 1060 uhci_load="YES" 1061 ehci_load="YES" 1062 106320081009: 1064 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1065 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1066 sync. 1067 106820081009: 1069 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1070 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1071 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1072 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1073 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1074 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1075 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1076 107720080820: 1078 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1079 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1080 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1081 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1082 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1083 1084 PCI/ISA: 1085 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1086 1087 USB: 1088 ubser, ucycom 1089 1090 Line disciplines: 1091 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1092 1093 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1094 cause compilation to fail. 1095 109620080818: 1097 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1098 109920080801: 1100 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1101 1102 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1103 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1104 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1105 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1106 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1107 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1108 accepting the RSA key. 1109 1110 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1111 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1112 command line. 1113 1114 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1115 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1116 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1117 behavior. 1118 111920080713: 1120 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1121 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1122 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1123 1124 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1125 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1126 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1127 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1128 use the new device names. 1129 1130 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1131 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1132 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1133 at the loader prompt: 1134 1135 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1136 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1137 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1138 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1139 boot -s 1140 114120080609: 1142 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1143 disks instead. 1144 114520080603: 1146 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1147 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1148 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1149 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1150 115120080525: 1152 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1153 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1154 115520080509: 1156 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1157 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1158 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1159 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1160 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1161 116220080420: 1163 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1164 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1165 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1166 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1167 For example, change: 1168 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1169 to 1170 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1171 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1172 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1173 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1174 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1175 1176 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1177 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1178 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1179 118020080408: 1181 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1182 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1183 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1184 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1185 other operation levels. 1186 118720080312: 1188 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1189 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1190 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1191 compatibility with any prior release: 1192 1193 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1194 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1195 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1196 119720080301: 1198 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1199 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1200 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1201 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1202 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1203 nonetheless. 1204 120520080229: 1206 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1207 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1208 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1209 with older hardware easier to do. 1210 121120080220: 1212 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1213 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1214 121520080211: 1216 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1217 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1218 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1219 firewall rules. 1220 122120080208: 1222 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1223 mbuf chains. 1224 122520080126: 1226 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1227 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1228 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1229 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1230 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1231 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1232 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1233 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1234 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1235 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1236 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1237 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1238 123920080123: 1240 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1241 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1242 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1243 124420071128: 1245 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1246 functionality is the default now. 1247 124820071118: 1249 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1250 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1251 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1252 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1253 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1254 1255 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1256 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1257 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1258 125920071024: 1260 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1261 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1262 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1263 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1264 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1265 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1266 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1267 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1268 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1269 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1270 however. 1271 127220071020: 1273 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1274 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1275 used kproc_start().. 1276 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1277 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1278 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1279 128020071010: 1281 RELENG_7 branched. 1282 1283COMMON ITEMS: 1284 1285 General Notes 1286 ------------- 1287 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1288 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1289 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1290 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1291 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1292 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1293 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1294 1295 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1296 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1297 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1298 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1299 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1300 1301 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1302 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1303 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1304 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1305 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1306 1307 ZFS notes 1308 --------- 1309 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1310 these two steps: 1311 1312 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1313 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1314 1315 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1316 1317 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1318 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1319 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1320 1321 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1322 1323 To build a kernel 1324 ----------------- 1325 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1326 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1327 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1328 1329 make kernel-toolchain 1330 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1331 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1332 1333 To test a kernel once 1334 --------------------- 1335 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1336 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1337 debugging information) run 1338 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1339 nextboot -k testkernel 1340 1341 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1342 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1343 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1344 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1345 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1346 1347 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1348 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1349 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1350 make depend 1351 make 1352 make install 1353 1354 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1355 1356 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1357 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1358 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1359 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1360 1361 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1362 make buildworld 1363 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1364 [1] 1365 <reboot in single user> [3] 1366 mergemaster -p [5] 1367 make installworld 1368 mergemaster -i [4] 1369 make delete-old [6] 1370 <reboot> 1371 1372 1373 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1374 -------------------------------------------------- 1375 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1376 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1377 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1378 # size. 1379 1380 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1381 <boot into -stable> 1382 make buildworld 1383 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1384 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1385 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1386 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1387 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1388 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1389 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1390 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1391 <reboot into current> 1392 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1393 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1394 <reboot> 1395 1396 1397 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1398 ---------------------------------------------- 1399 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1400 make buildworld [9] 1401 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1402 [1] 1403 <reboot in single user> [3] 1404 mergemaster -p [5] 1405 make installworld 1406 mergemaster -i [4] 1407 make delete-old [6] 1408 <reboot> 1409 1410 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1411 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1412 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1413 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1414 the UPDATING entries. 1415 1416 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1417 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1418 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1419 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1420 much fewer pitfalls. 1421 1422 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1423 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1424 system on reboot. 1425 1426 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1427 fsck -p 1428 mount -u / 1429 mount -a 1430 cd src 1431 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1432 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1433 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1434 1435 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1436 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1437 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1438 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1439 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1440 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1441 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1442 1443 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1444 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1445 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1446 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1447 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1448 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1449 1450 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1451 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1452 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1453 1454 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1455 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1456 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1457 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1458 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1459 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1460 1461 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1462 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1463 1464 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1465 cvs prune empty directories. 1466 1467 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1468 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1469 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1470 1471 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1472 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1473 warn if it is improperly defined. 1474FORMAT: 1475 1476This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1477breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1478list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1479If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1480to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1481 1482Copyright information: 1483 1484Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1485 1486Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1487modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1488document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1489 1490THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1491IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1492WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1493DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1494INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1495(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1496SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1497HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1498STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1499IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1500POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1501 1502Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1503this document. 1504 1505$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 225537 2011-09-13 21:01:26Z rmacklem $ 1506