UPDATING revision 218796
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110218: 26 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 27 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 28 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 29 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 30 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 31 authentication). 32 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 33 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 34 3520110207: 36 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 37 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 38 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 39 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 40 The function remains undocumented. 41 4220110112: 43 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 44 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 45 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 46 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 47 systems where the define is not present can check against 48 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 49 50 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 51 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 52 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 53 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 54 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 55 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 56 5720110103: 58 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 59 the following warning: 60 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 61 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 62 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 63 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 64 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 65 install it on your system. 66 67 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 68 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 69 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 70 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 71 7220101228: 73 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 74 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 75 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 76 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 77 be recompiled. 78 7920101114: 80 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 81 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 82 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 83 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 84 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 85 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 86 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 87 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 88 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 89 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 90 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 91 it, for example via: 92 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 93 94 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 95 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 96 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 97 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 98 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 99 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 100 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 101 102 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 103 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 104 10520101111: 106 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 107 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 108 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 109 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 110 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 111 11220101002: 113 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 114 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 115 migrate local entries to the new format. 116 11720100928: 118 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 119 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 120 upstream sshd. 121 12220100915: 123 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 124 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 125 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 126 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 127 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 128 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 129 13020100913: 131 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 132 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 133 134 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 135 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 136 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 137 default is "AUTO". 138 139 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 140 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 141 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 142 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 143 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 144 145 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 146 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 147 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 148 14920100913: 150 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 151 now i386 and amd64 only. 152 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 153 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 154 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 155 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 156 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 157 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 158 15920100725: 160 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 161 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 162 16320100722: 164 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 165 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 166 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 167 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 168 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 169 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 170 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 171 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 172 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 173 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 174 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 175 17620100713: 177 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 178 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 179 machine powerpc powerpc 180 181 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 182 after this change. 183 18420100713: 185 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 186 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 187 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 188 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 189 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 190 19120100429: 192 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 193 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 194 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 195 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 196 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 197 19820100402: 199 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 200 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 201 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 202 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 203 WITH_CTF=yes"). 204 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 205 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 206 to unwanted behavior. 207 20820100311: 209 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 210 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 211 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 212 be modified accordingly. 213 21420100113: 215 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 216 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 217 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 218 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 219 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 220 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 221 222 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 223 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 224 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 225 use of utmpx. 226 227 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 228 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 229 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 230 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 231 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 232 23320100108: 234 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 235 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 236 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 237 23820091202: 239 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 240 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 241 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 242 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 243 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 244 245 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 246 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 247 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 248 249 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 250 25120091125: 252 8.0-RELEASE. 253 25420091113: 255 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 256 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 257 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 258 operation of applications on the console. 259 260 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 261 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 262 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 263 cons25. 264 265 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 266 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 267 performed by syscons(4). 268 26920091109: 270 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 271 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 272 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 273 274 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 275 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 276 new structure. 277 27820091025: 279 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 280 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 281 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 282 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 283 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 284 iwn5150fw. 285 28620090926: 287 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 288 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 289 290 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 291 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 292 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 293 294 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 295 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 296 297 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 298 they are obsolete. 299 300 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 301 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 302 303 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 304 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 305 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 306 307 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 308 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 309 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 310 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 311 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 312 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 313 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 314 using ifconfig(8) like: 315 316 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 317 318 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 319 IPv6-preferred. 320 321 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 322 323 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 324 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 325 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 326 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 327 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 328 32920090922: 330 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 331 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 332 33320090912: 334 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 335 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 336 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 337 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 338 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 339 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 340 34120090910: 342 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 343 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 344 34520090825: 346 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 347 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 348 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 349 is 1000. 350 35120090813: 352 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 353 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 354 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 355 35620090803: 357 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 358 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 359 36020090719: 361 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 362 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 363 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 364 36520090714: 366 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 367 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 368 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 369 37020090713: 371 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 372 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 373 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 374 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 375 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 376 37720090712: 378 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 379 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 380 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 381 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 382 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 383 38420090630: 385 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 386 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 387 may need to be adjusted. 388 38920090629: 390 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 391 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 392 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 393 with routing sockets. 394 39520090628: 396 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 397 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 398 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 399 40020090624: 401 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 402 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 403 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 404 800100. 405 40620090622: 407 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 408 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 409 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 410 41120090619: 412 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 413 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 414 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 415 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 416 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 417 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 418 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 419 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 420 421 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 422 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 423 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 424 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 425 authentication method is used. 426 42720090616: 428 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 429 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 430 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 431 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 432 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 433 43420090613: 435 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 436 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 437 43820090611: 439 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 440 be rebuilt. 441 44220090608: 443 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 444 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 445 44620090602: 447 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 448 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 449 45020090601: 451 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 452 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 453 re-compiled. 454 45520090601: 456 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 457 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 458 rebuilt. 459 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 460 46120090530: 462 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 463 more valid. 464 46520090530: 466 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 467 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 468 46920090529: 470 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 471 rebuilt. 472 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 473 47420090528: 475 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 476 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 477 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 478 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 479 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 480 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 481 48220090527: 483 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 484 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 485 48620090523: 487 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 488 need to be rebuilt. 489 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 490 49120090523: 492 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 493 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 494 49520090520: 496 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 497 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 498 49920090520: 500 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 501 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 502 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 503 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 504 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 505 50620090430: 507 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 508 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 509 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 510 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 511 correctly checking networking state from userland. 512 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 513 51420090429: 515 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 516 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 517 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 518 follows the IPv4 implementation. 519 520 For kernel developers: 521 522 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 523 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 524 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 525 526 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 527 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 528 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 529 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 530 531 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 532 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 533 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 534 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 535 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 536 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 537 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 538 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 539 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 540 multicast membership on-link. 541 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 542 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 543 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 544 545 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 546 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 547 stack. 548 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 549 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 550 semantics. 551 552 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 553 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 554 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 555 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 556 557 For application developers: 558 559 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 560 stack. 561 562 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 563 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 564 565 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 566 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 567 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 568 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 569 570 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 571 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 572 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 573 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 574 Multicast Source Filters'. 575 576 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 577 578 For systems administrators: 579 580 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 581 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 582 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 583 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 584 returned by getifaddrs(3). 585 586 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 587 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 588 589 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 590 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 591 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 592 recommended for optimal system performance. 593 594 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 595 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 596 back forwarded datagrams. 597 598 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 599 60020090422: 601 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 602 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 603 60420090419: 605 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 606 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 607 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 608 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 609 61020090415: 611 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 612 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 613 state will require a world rebuild. 614 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 615 61620090415: 617 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 618 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 619 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 620 62120090414: 622 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 623 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 624 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 625 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 626 load balancing. 627 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 628 62920090408: 630 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 631 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 632 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 633 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 634 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 635 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 636 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 637 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 638 63920090407: 640 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 641 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 642 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 643 64420090320: 645 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 646 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 647 introduces some changes: 648 649 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 650 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 651 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 652 653 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 654 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 655 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 656 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 657 658 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 659 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 660 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 661 the "386BSD" type). 662 663 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 664 66520090319: 666 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 667 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 668 (supported by sane). 669 67020090319: 671 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 672 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 673 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 674 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 675 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 676 67720090315: 678 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 679 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 680 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 681 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 682 used. 683 68420090313: 685 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 686 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 687 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 688 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 689 69020090313: 691 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 692 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 693 69420090309: 695 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 696 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 697 698 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 699 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 700 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 701 702 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 703 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 704 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 705 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 706 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 707 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 708 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 709 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 710 711 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 712 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 713 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 714 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 715 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 716 to preserve the existing behaviour. 717 718 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 719 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 720 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 721 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 722 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 723 724 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 725 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 726 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 727 via IGMP. 728 729 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 730 recompiled to reflect this. 731 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 732 73320090309: 734 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 735 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 736 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 737 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 738 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 739 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 740 74120090302: 742 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 743 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 744 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 745 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 746 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 747 raised to allow such segments to be created. 748 74920090301: 750 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 751 network device driver modules. 752 75320090227: 754 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 755 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 756 75720090223: 758 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 759 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 760 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 761 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 762 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 763 apply. 764 76520090217: 766 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 767 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 768 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 769 use the new name. 770 77120090216: 772 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 773 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 774 add 775 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 776 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 777 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 778 77920090215: 780 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 781 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 782 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 783 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 784 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 785 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 786 787 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 788 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 789 be used for this: 790 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 791 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 792 79320090209: 794 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 795 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 796 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 797 79820090203: 799 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 800 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 801 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 802 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 803 same interface. 804 80520090201: 806 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 807 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 808 80920090119: 810 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 811 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 812 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 813 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 814 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 815 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 816 81720090115: 818 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 819 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 820 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 821 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 822 82320081225: 824 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 825 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 826 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 827 in next mpd5.3 release. 828 82920081219: 830 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 831 the base system (it was a port). 832 83320081216: 834 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 835 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 836 83720081214: 838 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 839 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 840 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 841 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 842 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 843 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 844 none of the L2 information. 845 84620081130: 847 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 848 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 849 850 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 851 852 to their kernel config files when specifying: 853 854 device ath_hal 855 856 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 857 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 858 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 859 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 860 86120081121: 862 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 863 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 864 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 865 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 866 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 867 packets. 868 86920081117: 870 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 871 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 872 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 873 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 874 87520081028: 876 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 877 87820081009: 879 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 880 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 881 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 882 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 883 controller add the following to loader.conf: 884 885 uhci_load="YES" 886 ehci_load="YES" 887 88820081009: 889 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 890 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 891 sync. 892 89320081009: 894 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 895 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 896 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 897 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 898 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 899 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 900 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 901 90220080820: 903 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 904 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 905 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 906 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 907 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 908 909 PCI/ISA: 910 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 911 912 USB: 913 ubser, ucycom 914 915 Line disciplines: 916 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 917 918 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 919 cause compilation to fail. 920 92120080818: 922 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 923 92420080801: 925 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 926 927 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 928 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 929 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 930 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 931 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 932 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 933 accepting the RSA key. 934 935 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 936 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 937 command line. 938 939 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 940 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 941 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 942 behavior. 943 94420080713: 945 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 946 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 947 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 948 949 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 950 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 951 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 952 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 953 use the new device names. 954 955 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 956 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 957 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 958 at the loader prompt: 959 960 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 961 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 962 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 963 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 964 boot -s 965 96620080609: 967 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 968 disks instead. 969 97020080603: 971 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 972 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 973 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 974 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 975 97620080525: 977 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 978 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 979 98020080509: 981 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 982 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 983 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 984 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 985 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 986 98720080420: 988 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 989 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 990 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 991 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 992 For example, change: 993 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 994 to 995 wlans_ath0=wlan0 996 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 997 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 998 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 999 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1000 1001 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1002 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1003 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1004 100520080408: 1006 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1007 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1008 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1009 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1010 other operation levels. 1011 101220080312: 1013 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1014 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1015 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1016 compatibility with any prior release: 1017 1018 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1019 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1020 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1021 102220080301: 1023 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1024 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1025 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1026 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1027 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1028 nonetheless. 1029 103020080229: 1031 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1032 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1033 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1034 with older hardware easier to do. 1035 103620080220: 1037 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1038 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1039 104020080211: 1041 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1042 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1043 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1044 firewall rules. 1045 104620080208: 1047 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1048 mbuf chains. 1049 105020080126: 1051 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1052 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1053 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1054 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1055 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1056 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1057 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1058 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1059 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1060 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1061 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1062 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1063 106420080123: 1065 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1066 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1067 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1068 106920071128: 1070 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1071 functionality is the default now. 1072 107320071118: 1074 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1075 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1076 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1077 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1078 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1079 1080 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1081 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1082 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1083 108420071024: 1085 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1086 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1087 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1088 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1089 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1090 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1091 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1092 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1093 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1094 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1095 however. 1096 109720071020: 1098 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1099 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1100 used kproc_start().. 1101 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1102 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1103 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1104 110520071010: 1106 RELENG_7 branched. 1107 1108COMMON ITEMS: 1109 1110 General Notes 1111 ------------- 1112 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1113 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1114 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1115 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1116 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1117 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1118 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1119 1120 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1121 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1122 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1123 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1124 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1125 1126 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1127 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1128 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1129 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1130 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1131 1132 ZFS notes 1133 --------- 1134 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1135 these two steps: 1136 1137 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1138 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1139 1140 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1141 1142 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1143 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1144 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1145 1146 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1147 1148 To build a kernel 1149 ----------------- 1150 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1151 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1152 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1153 1154 make kernel-toolchain 1155 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1156 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1157 1158 To test a kernel once 1159 --------------------- 1160 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1161 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1162 debugging information) run 1163 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1164 nextboot -k testkernel 1165 1166 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1167 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1168 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1169 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1170 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1171 1172 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1173 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1174 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1175 make depend 1176 make 1177 make install 1178 1179 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1180 1181 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1182 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1183 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1184 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1185 1186 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1187 make buildworld 1188 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1189 [1] 1190 <reboot in single user> [3] 1191 mergemaster -p [5] 1192 make installworld 1193 mergemaster -i [4] 1194 make delete-old [6] 1195 <reboot> 1196 1197 1198 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1199 -------------------------------------------------- 1200 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1201 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1202 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1203 # size. 1204 1205 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1206 <boot into -stable> 1207 make buildworld 1208 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1209 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1210 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1211 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1212 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1213 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1214 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1215 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1216 <reboot into current> 1217 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1218 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1219 <reboot> 1220 1221 1222 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1223 ---------------------------------------------- 1224 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1225 make buildworld [9] 1226 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1227 [1] 1228 <reboot in single user> [3] 1229 mergemaster -p [5] 1230 make installworld 1231 mergemaster -i [4] 1232 make delete-old [6] 1233 <reboot> 1234 1235 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1236 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1237 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1238 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1239 the UPDATING entries. 1240 1241 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1242 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1243 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1244 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1245 much fewer pitfalls. 1246 1247 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1248 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1249 system on reboot. 1250 1251 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1252 fsck -p 1253 mount -u / 1254 mount -a 1255 cd src 1256 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1257 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1258 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1259 1260 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1261 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1262 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1263 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1264 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1265 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1266 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1267 1268 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1269 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1270 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1271 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1272 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1273 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1274 1275 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1276 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1277 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1278 1279 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1280 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1281 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1282 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1283 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1284 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1285 1286 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1287 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1288 1289 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1290 cvs prune empty directories. 1291 1292 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1293 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1294 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1295 1296 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1297 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1298 warn if it is improperly defined. 1299FORMAT: 1300 1301This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1302breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1303and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1304previous releases if your system is older than this. 1305 1306Copyright information: 1307 1308Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1309 1310Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1311modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1312document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1313 1314THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1315IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1316WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1317DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1318INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1319(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1320SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1321HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1322STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1323IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1324POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1325 1326Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1327this document. 1328 1329$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 218796 2011-02-18 13:21:30Z vanhu $ 1330