UPDATING revision 218425
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520110207: 26 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 27 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 28 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 29 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 30 The function remains undocumented. 31 3220110112: 33 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 34 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 35 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 36 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 37 systems where the define is not present can check against 38 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 39 40 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 41 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 42 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 43 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 44 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 45 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 46 4720110103: 48 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 49 the following warning: 50 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 51 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 52 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 53 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 54 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 55 install it on your system. 56 57 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 58 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 59 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 60 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 61 6220101228: 63 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 64 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 65 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 66 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 67 be recompiled. 68 6920101114: 70 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 71 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 72 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 73 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 74 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 75 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 76 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 77 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 78 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 79 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 80 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 81 it, for example via: 82 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 83 84 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 85 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 86 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 87 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 88 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 89 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 90 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 91 92 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 93 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 94 9520101111: 96 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 97 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 98 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 99 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 100 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 101 10220101002: 103 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 104 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 105 migrate local entries to the new format. 106 10720100928: 108 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 109 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 110 upstream sshd. 111 11220100915: 113 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 114 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 115 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 116 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 117 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 118 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 119 12020100913: 121 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 122 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 123 124 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 125 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 126 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 127 default is "AUTO". 128 129 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 130 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 131 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 132 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 133 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 134 135 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 136 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 137 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 138 13920100913: 140 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 141 now i386 and amd64 only. 142 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 143 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 144 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 145 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 146 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 147 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 148 14920100725: 150 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 151 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 152 15320100722: 154 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 155 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 156 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 157 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 158 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 159 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 160 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 161 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 162 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 163 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 164 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 165 16620100713: 167 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 168 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 169 machine powerpc powerpc 170 171 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 172 after this change. 173 17420100713: 175 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 176 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 177 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 178 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 179 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 180 18120100429: 182 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 183 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 184 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 185 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 186 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 187 18820100402: 189 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 190 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 191 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 192 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 193 WITH_CTF=yes"). 194 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 195 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 196 to unwanted behavior. 197 19820100311: 199 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 200 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 201 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 202 be modified accordingly. 203 20420100113: 205 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 206 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 207 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 208 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 209 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 210 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 211 212 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 213 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 214 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 215 use of utmpx. 216 217 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 218 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 219 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 220 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 221 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 222 22320100108: 224 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 225 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 226 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 227 22820091202: 229 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 230 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 231 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 232 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 233 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 234 235 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 236 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 237 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 238 239 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 240 24120091125: 242 8.0-RELEASE. 243 24420091113: 245 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 246 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 247 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 248 operation of applications on the console. 249 250 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 251 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 252 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 253 cons25. 254 255 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 256 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 257 performed by syscons(4). 258 25920091109: 260 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 261 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 262 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 263 264 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 265 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 266 new structure. 267 26820091025: 269 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 270 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 271 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 272 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 273 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 274 iwn5150fw. 275 27620090926: 277 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 278 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 279 280 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 281 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 282 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 283 284 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 285 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 286 287 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 288 they are obsolete. 289 290 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 291 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 292 293 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 294 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 295 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 296 297 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 298 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 299 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 300 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 301 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 302 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 303 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 304 using ifconfig(8) like: 305 306 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 307 308 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 309 IPv6-preferred. 310 311 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 312 313 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 314 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 315 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 316 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 317 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 318 31920090922: 320 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 321 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 322 32320090912: 324 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 325 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 326 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 327 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 328 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 329 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 330 33120090910: 332 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 333 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 334 33520090825: 336 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 337 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 338 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 339 is 1000. 340 34120090813: 342 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 343 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 344 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 345 34620090803: 347 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 348 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 349 35020090719: 351 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 352 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 353 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 354 35520090714: 356 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 357 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 358 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 359 36020090713: 361 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 362 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 363 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 364 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 365 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 366 36720090712: 368 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 369 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 370 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 371 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 372 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 373 37420090630: 375 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 376 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 377 may need to be adjusted. 378 37920090629: 380 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 381 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 382 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 383 with routing sockets. 384 38520090628: 386 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 387 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 388 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 389 39020090624: 391 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 392 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 393 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 394 800100. 395 39620090622: 397 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 398 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 399 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 400 40120090619: 402 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 403 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 404 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 405 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 406 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 407 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 408 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 409 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 410 411 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 412 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 413 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 414 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 415 authentication method is used. 416 41720090616: 418 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 419 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 420 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 421 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 422 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 423 42420090613: 425 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 426 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 427 42820090611: 429 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 430 be rebuilt. 431 43220090608: 433 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 434 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 435 43620090602: 437 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 438 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 439 44020090601: 441 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 442 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 443 re-compiled. 444 44520090601: 446 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 447 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 448 rebuilt. 449 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 450 45120090530: 452 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 453 more valid. 454 45520090530: 456 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 457 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 458 45920090529: 460 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 461 rebuilt. 462 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 463 46420090528: 465 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 466 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 467 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 468 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 469 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 470 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 471 47220090527: 473 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 474 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 475 47620090523: 477 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 478 need to be rebuilt. 479 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 480 48120090523: 482 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 483 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 484 48520090520: 486 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 487 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 488 48920090520: 490 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 491 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 492 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 493 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 494 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 495 49620090430: 497 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 498 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 499 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 500 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 501 correctly checking networking state from userland. 502 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 503 50420090429: 505 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 506 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 507 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 508 follows the IPv4 implementation. 509 510 For kernel developers: 511 512 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 513 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 514 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 515 516 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 517 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 518 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 519 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 520 521 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 522 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 523 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 524 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 525 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 526 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 527 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 528 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 529 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 530 multicast membership on-link. 531 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 532 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 533 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 534 535 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 536 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 537 stack. 538 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 539 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 540 semantics. 541 542 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 543 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 544 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 545 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 546 547 For application developers: 548 549 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 550 stack. 551 552 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 553 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 554 555 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 556 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 557 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 558 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 559 560 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 561 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 562 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 563 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 564 Multicast Source Filters'. 565 566 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 567 568 For systems administrators: 569 570 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 571 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 572 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 573 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 574 returned by getifaddrs(3). 575 576 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 577 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 578 579 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 580 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 581 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 582 recommended for optimal system performance. 583 584 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 585 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 586 back forwarded datagrams. 587 588 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 589 59020090422: 591 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 592 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 593 59420090419: 595 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 596 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 597 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 598 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 599 60020090415: 601 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 602 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 603 state will require a world rebuild. 604 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 605 60620090415: 607 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 608 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 609 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 610 61120090414: 612 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 613 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 614 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 615 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 616 load balancing. 617 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 618 61920090408: 620 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 621 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 622 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 623 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 624 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 625 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 626 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 627 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 628 62920090407: 630 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 631 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 632 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 633 63420090320: 635 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 636 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 637 introduces some changes: 638 639 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 640 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 641 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 642 643 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 644 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 645 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 646 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 647 648 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 649 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 650 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 651 the "386BSD" type). 652 653 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 654 65520090319: 656 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 657 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 658 (supported by sane). 659 66020090319: 661 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 662 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 663 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 664 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 665 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 666 66720090315: 668 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 669 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 670 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 671 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 672 used. 673 67420090313: 675 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 676 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 677 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 678 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 679 68020090313: 681 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 682 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 683 68420090309: 685 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 686 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 687 688 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 689 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 690 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 691 692 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 693 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 694 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 695 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 696 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 697 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 698 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 699 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 700 701 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 702 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 703 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 704 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 705 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 706 to preserve the existing behaviour. 707 708 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 709 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 710 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 711 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 712 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 713 714 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 715 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 716 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 717 via IGMP. 718 719 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 720 recompiled to reflect this. 721 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 722 72320090309: 724 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 725 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 726 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 727 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 728 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 729 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 730 73120090302: 732 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 733 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 734 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 735 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 736 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 737 raised to allow such segments to be created. 738 73920090301: 740 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 741 network device driver modules. 742 74320090227: 744 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 745 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 746 74720090223: 748 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 749 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 750 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 751 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 752 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 753 apply. 754 75520090217: 756 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 757 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 758 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 759 use the new name. 760 76120090216: 762 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 763 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 764 add 765 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 766 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 767 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 768 76920090215: 770 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 771 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 772 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 773 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 774 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 775 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 776 777 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 778 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 779 be used for this: 780 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 781 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 782 78320090209: 784 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 785 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 786 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 787 78820090203: 789 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 790 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 791 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 792 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 793 same interface. 794 79520090201: 796 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 797 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 798 79920090119: 800 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 801 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 802 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 803 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 804 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 805 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 806 80720090115: 808 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 809 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 810 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 811 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 812 81320081225: 814 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 815 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 816 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 817 in next mpd5.3 release. 818 81920081219: 820 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 821 the base system (it was a port). 822 82320081216: 824 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 825 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 826 82720081214: 828 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 829 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 830 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 831 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 832 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 833 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 834 none of the L2 information. 835 83620081130: 837 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 838 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 839 840 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 841 842 to their kernel config files when specifying: 843 844 device ath_hal 845 846 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 847 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 848 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 849 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 850 85120081121: 852 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 853 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 854 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 855 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 856 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 857 packets. 858 85920081117: 860 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 861 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 862 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 863 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 864 86520081028: 866 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 867 86820081009: 869 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 870 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 871 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 872 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 873 controller add the following to loader.conf: 874 875 uhci_load="YES" 876 ehci_load="YES" 877 87820081009: 879 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 880 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 881 sync. 882 88320081009: 884 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 885 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 886 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 887 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 888 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 889 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 890 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 891 89220080820: 893 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 894 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 895 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 896 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 897 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 898 899 PCI/ISA: 900 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 901 902 USB: 903 ubser, ucycom 904 905 Line disciplines: 906 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 907 908 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 909 cause compilation to fail. 910 91120080818: 912 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 913 91420080801: 915 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 916 917 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 918 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 919 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 920 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 921 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 922 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 923 accepting the RSA key. 924 925 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 926 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 927 command line. 928 929 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 930 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 931 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 932 behavior. 933 93420080713: 935 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 936 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 937 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 938 939 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 940 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 941 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 942 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 943 use the new device names. 944 945 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 946 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 947 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 948 at the loader prompt: 949 950 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 951 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 952 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 953 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 954 boot -s 955 95620080609: 957 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 958 disks instead. 959 96020080603: 961 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 962 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 963 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 964 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 965 96620080525: 967 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 968 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 969 97020080509: 971 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 972 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 973 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 974 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 975 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 976 97720080420: 978 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 979 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 980 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 981 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 982 For example, change: 983 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 984 to 985 wlans_ath0=wlan0 986 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 987 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 988 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 989 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 990 991 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 992 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 993 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 994 99520080408: 996 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 997 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 998 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 999 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1000 other operation levels. 1001 100220080312: 1003 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1004 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1005 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1006 compatibility with any prior release: 1007 1008 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1009 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1010 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1011 101220080301: 1013 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1014 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1015 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1016 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1017 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1018 nonetheless. 1019 102020080229: 1021 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1022 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1023 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1024 with older hardware easier to do. 1025 102620080220: 1027 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1028 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1029 103020080211: 1031 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1032 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1033 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1034 firewall rules. 1035 103620080208: 1037 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1038 mbuf chains. 1039 104020080126: 1041 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1042 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1043 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1044 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1045 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1046 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1047 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1048 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1049 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1050 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1051 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1052 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1053 105420080123: 1055 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1056 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1057 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1058 105920071128: 1060 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1061 functionality is the default now. 1062 106320071118: 1064 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1065 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1066 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1067 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1068 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1069 1070 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1071 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1072 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1073 107420071024: 1075 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1076 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1077 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1078 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1079 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1080 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1081 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1082 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1083 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1084 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1085 however. 1086 108720071020: 1088 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1089 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1090 used kproc_start().. 1091 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1092 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1093 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1094 109520071010: 1096 RELENG_7 branched. 1097 1098COMMON ITEMS: 1099 1100 General Notes 1101 ------------- 1102 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1103 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1104 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1105 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1106 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1107 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1108 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1109 1110 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1111 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1112 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1113 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1114 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1115 1116 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1117 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1118 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1119 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1120 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1121 1122 ZFS notes 1123 --------- 1124 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1125 these two steps: 1126 1127 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1128 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1129 1130 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1131 1132 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1133 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1134 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1135 1136 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1137 1138 To build a kernel 1139 ----------------- 1140 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1141 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1142 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1143 1144 make kernel-toolchain 1145 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1146 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1147 1148 To test a kernel once 1149 --------------------- 1150 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1151 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1152 debugging information) run 1153 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1154 nextboot -k testkernel 1155 1156 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1157 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1158 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1159 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1160 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1161 1162 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1163 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1164 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1165 make depend 1166 make 1167 make install 1168 1169 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1170 1171 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1172 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1173 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1174 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1175 1176 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1177 make buildworld 1178 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1179 [1] 1180 <reboot in single user> [3] 1181 mergemaster -p [5] 1182 make installworld 1183 mergemaster -i [4] 1184 make delete-old [6] 1185 <reboot> 1186 1187 1188 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1189 -------------------------------------------------- 1190 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1191 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1192 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1193 # size. 1194 1195 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1196 <boot into -stable> 1197 make buildworld 1198 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1199 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1200 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1201 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1202 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1203 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1204 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1205 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1206 <reboot into current> 1207 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1208 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1209 <reboot> 1210 1211 1212 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1213 ---------------------------------------------- 1214 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1215 make buildworld [9] 1216 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1217 [1] 1218 <reboot in single user> [3] 1219 mergemaster -p [5] 1220 make installworld 1221 mergemaster -i [4] 1222 make delete-old [6] 1223 <reboot> 1224 1225 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1226 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1227 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1228 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1229 the UPDATING entries. 1230 1231 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1232 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1233 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1234 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1235 much fewer pitfalls. 1236 1237 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1238 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1239 system on reboot. 1240 1241 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1242 fsck -p 1243 mount -u / 1244 mount -a 1245 cd src 1246 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1247 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1248 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1249 1250 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1251 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1252 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1253 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1254 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1255 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1256 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1257 1258 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1259 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1260 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1261 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1262 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1263 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1264 1265 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1266 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1267 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1268 1269 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1270 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1271 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1272 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1273 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1274 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1275 1276 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1277 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1278 1279 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1280 cvs prune empty directories. 1281 1282 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1283 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1284 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1285 1286 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1287 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1288 warn if it is improperly defined. 1289FORMAT: 1290 1291This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1292breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1293and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1294previous releases if your system is older than this. 1295 1296Copyright information: 1297 1298Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1299 1300Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1301modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1302document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1303 1304THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1305IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1306WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1307DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1308INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1309(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1310SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1311HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1312STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1313IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1314POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1315 1316Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1317this document. 1318 1319$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 218425 2011-02-08 00:36:46Z mdf $ 1320