UPDATING revision 196789
1214501SrpauloUpdating Information for FreeBSD current users 2214501Srpaulo 3252726SrpauloThis file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4214501SrpauloSee end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5252726SrpauloCOMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6252726Srpaulobasically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7214501Srpaulohandbook. 8214501Srpaulo 9214501SrpauloItems affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10214501Srpaulo/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11214501Srpaulo 12214501SrpauloNOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13214501Srpaulo FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14214501Srpaulo and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15214501Srpaulo system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16214501Srpaulo checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17214501Srpaulo system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18252726Srpaulo benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19214501Srpaulo includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20214501Srpaulo debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21214501Srpaulo kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22214501Srpaulo machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23252726Srpaulo ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24214501Srpaulo 25252726Srpaulo20090813: 26214501Srpaulo Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 27214501Srpaulo for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 28214501Srpaulo maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 29214501Srpaulo 30214501Srpaulo20090803: 31214501Srpaulo RELENG_8 branched. 32252726Srpaulo 33214501Srpaulo20090719: 34214501Srpaulo Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 35214501Srpaulo use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 36214501Srpaulo __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 37214501Srpaulo 38214501Srpaulo20090714: 39252726Srpaulo Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 40252726Srpaulo all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 41252726Srpaulo breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 42214501Srpaulo 43214501Srpaulo20090713: 44214501Srpaulo The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 45214501Srpaulo struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 46252726Srpaulo The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 47214501Srpaulo needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 48214501Srpaulo the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 49214501Srpaulo 50214501Srpaulo20090712: 51214501Srpaulo Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 52214501Srpaulo <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 53214501Srpaulo maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 54214501Srpaulo __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 55214501Srpaulo any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 56252726Srpaulo 57252726Srpaulo20090630: 58252726Srpaulo The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 59252726Srpaulo RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 60252726Srpaulo may need to be adjusted. 61252726Srpaulo 62252726Srpaulo20090629: 63252726Srpaulo The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 64252726Srpaulo removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 65214501Srpaulo routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 66214501Srpaulo with routing sockets. 67214501Srpaulo 68214501Srpaulo20090628: 69214501Srpaulo The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 70214501Srpaulo FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 71214501Srpaulo the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 72252726Srpaulo 73214501Srpaulo20090624: 74214501Srpaulo The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 75214501Srpaulo changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 76214501Srpaulo options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 77252726Srpaulo 800100. 78252726Srpaulo 79252726Srpaulo20090622: 80252726Srpaulo Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 81252726Srpaulo moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 82252726Srpaulo __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 83252726Srpaulo 84252726Srpaulo20090619: 85252726Srpaulo NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 86252726Srpaulo respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 87252726Srpaulo no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 88252726Srpaulo binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 89252726Srpaulo statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 90252726Srpaulo applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 91252726Srpaulo for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 92252726Srpaulo number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 93252726Srpaulo 94252726Srpaulo NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 95252726Srpaulo truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 96252726Srpaulo take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 97252726Srpaulo file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 98252726Srpaulo authentication method is used. 99252726Srpaulo 100214501Srpaulo20090616: 101214501Srpaulo The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 102252726Srpaulo option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 103252726Srpaulo which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 104252726Srpaulo LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 105214501Srpaulo spinning when both held in write and read mode. 106214501Srpaulo 107252726Srpaulo20090613: 108214501Srpaulo The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 109252726Srpaulo changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 110214501Srpaulo 111252726Srpaulo20090611: 112252726Srpaulo The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 113252726Srpaulo be rebuilt. 114252726Srpaulo 115252726Srpaulo20090608: 116252726Srpaulo The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 117252726Srpaulo Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 118252726Srpaulo 119252726Srpaulo20090602: 120252726Srpaulo window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 121252726Srpaulo installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 122252726Srpaulo 123252726Srpaulo20090601: 124252726Srpaulo The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 125252726Srpaulo changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 126252726Srpaulo re-compiled. 127252726Srpaulo 128252726Srpaulo20090601: 129252726Srpaulo A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 130252726Srpaulo file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 131214501Srpaulo rebuilt. 132252726Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 133252726Srpaulo 134252726Srpaulo20090530: 135252726Srpaulo Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 136252726Srpaulo more valid. 137252726Srpaulo 138252726Srpaulo20090530: 139214501Srpaulo Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 140214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 141214501Srpaulo 142214501Srpaulo20090529: 143214501Srpaulo Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 144214501Srpaulo rebuilt. 145214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 146214501Srpaulo 147214501Srpaulo20090528: 148214501Srpaulo The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 149214501Srpaulo introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 150214501Srpaulo The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 151214501Srpaulo SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 152214501Srpaulo been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 153214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 154214501Srpaulo 155214501Srpaulo20090527: 156214501Srpaulo Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 157214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 158214501Srpaulo 159214501Srpaulo20090523: 160214501Srpaulo The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 161214501Srpaulo need to be rebuilt. 162214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 163214501Srpaulo 164214501Srpaulo20090523: 165214501Srpaulo The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 166214501Srpaulo run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 167214501Srpaulo 168214501Srpaulo20090520: 169214501Srpaulo The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 170214501Srpaulo hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 171214501Srpaulo 172214501Srpaulo20090520: 173214501Srpaulo 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 174214501Srpaulo Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 175214501Srpaulo of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 176214501Srpaulo applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 177214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 178214501Srpaulo 179214501Srpaulo20090430: 180214501Srpaulo The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 181214501Srpaulo socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 182214501Srpaulo vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 183214501Srpaulo panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 184252726Srpaulo correctly checking networking state from userland. 185252726Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 186214501Srpaulo 187214501Srpaulo20090429: 188214501Srpaulo MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 189214501Srpaulo to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 190214501Srpaulo The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 191214501Srpaulo follows the IPv4 implementation. 192214501Srpaulo 193214501Srpaulo For kernel developers: 194214501Srpaulo 195214501Srpaulo * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 196214501Srpaulo ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 197214501Srpaulo and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 198214501Srpaulo 199214501Srpaulo * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 200214501Srpaulo of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 201214501Srpaulo protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 202214501Srpaulo SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 203252726Srpaulo 204252726Srpaulo * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 205214501Srpaulo the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 206214501Srpaulo * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 207214501Srpaulo * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 208214501Srpaulo are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 209214501Srpaulo * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 210214501Srpaulo * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 211214501Srpaulo for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 212214501Srpaulo jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 213214501Srpaulo multicast membership on-link. 214214501Srpaulo * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 215214501Srpaulo its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 216214501Srpaulo preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 217214501Srpaulo 218214501Srpaulo * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 219214501Srpaulo been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 220214501Srpaulo stack. 221214501Srpaulo Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 222214501Srpaulo internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 223252726Srpaulo semantics. 224252726Srpaulo 225252726Srpaulo * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 226214501Srpaulo acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 227252726Srpaulo Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 228252726Srpaulo implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 229252726Srpaulo 230214501Srpaulo For application developers: 231214501Srpaulo 232214501Srpaulo * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 233252726Srpaulo stack. 234252726Srpaulo 235252726Srpaulo * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 236214501Srpaulo socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 237214501Srpaulo 238214501Srpaulo * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 239214501Srpaulo IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 240214501Srpaulo before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 241214501Srpaulo use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 242214501Srpaulo 243252726Srpaulo * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 244252726Srpaulo API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 245252726Srpaulo using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 246252726Srpaulo please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 247252726Srpaulo Multicast Source Filters'. 248252726Srpaulo 249214501Srpaulo * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 250214501Srpaulo 251214501Srpaulo For systems administrators: 252214501Srpaulo 253214501Srpaulo * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 254214501Srpaulo addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 255214501Srpaulo as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 256214501Srpaulo will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 257214501Srpaulo returned by getifaddrs(3). 258214501Srpaulo 259214501Srpaulo * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 260214501Srpaulo endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 261214501Srpaulo 262214501Srpaulo * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 263214501Srpaulo loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 264214501Srpaulo to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 265214501Srpaulo recommended for optimal system performance. 266214501Srpaulo 267214501Srpaulo * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 268252726Srpaulo instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 269214501Srpaulo back forwarded datagrams. 270214501Srpaulo 271214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 272214501Srpaulo 273252726Srpaulo20090422: 274252726Srpaulo Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 275214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 276214501Srpaulo 277214501Srpaulo20090419: 278214501Srpaulo The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 279214501Srpaulo memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 280214501Srpaulo be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 281214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 282214501Srpaulo 283214501Srpaulo20090415: 284214501Srpaulo Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 285214501Srpaulo This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 286252726Srpaulo state will require a world rebuild. 287252726Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 288252726Srpaulo 289252726Srpaulo20090415: 290252726Srpaulo Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 291252726Srpaulo embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 292252726Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 293252726Srpaulo 294214501Srpaulo20090414: 295214501Srpaulo The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 296214501Srpaulo Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 297214501Srpaulo The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 298214501Srpaulo of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 299214501Srpaulo load balancing. 300214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 301214501Srpaulo 302214501Srpaulo20090408: 303214501Srpaulo Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 304214501Srpaulo apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 305214501Srpaulo re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 306214501Srpaulo kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 307214501Srpaulo not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 308252726Srpaulo low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 309252726Srpaulo interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 310214501Srpaulo mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 311214501Srpaulo 312214501Srpaulo20090407: 313214501Srpaulo The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 314214501Srpaulo kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 315214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 316214501Srpaulo 317214501Srpaulo20090320: 318214501Srpaulo GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 319214501Srpaulo replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 320214501Srpaulo introduces some changes: 321214501Srpaulo 322214501Srpaulo MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 323214501Srpaulo (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 324214501Srpaulo to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 325214501Srpaulo 326214501Srpaulo BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 327214501Srpaulo cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 328214501Srpaulo disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 329214501Srpaulo top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 330214501Srpaulo 331214501Srpaulo General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 332214501Srpaulo whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 333214501Srpaulo systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 334214501Srpaulo the "386BSD" type). 335214501Srpaulo 336214501Srpaulo Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 337214501Srpaulo 338214501Srpaulo20090319: 339214501Srpaulo The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 340214501Srpaulo Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 341252726Srpaulo (supported by sane). 342214501Srpaulo 343214501Srpaulo20090319: 344214501Srpaulo The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 345214501Srpaulo only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 346214501Srpaulo The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 347214501Srpaulo ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 348214501Srpaulo compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 349214501Srpaulo 350214501Srpaulo20090315: 351214501Srpaulo Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 352214501Srpaulo removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 353214501Srpaulo longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 354214501Srpaulo drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 355214501Srpaulo used. 356252726Srpaulo 357214501Srpaulo20090313: 358214501Srpaulo POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 359252726Srpaulo a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 360214501Srpaulo This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 361214501Srpaulo they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 362214501Srpaulo 363214501Srpaulo20090313: 364214501Srpaulo The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 365214501Srpaulo support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 366214501Srpaulo 367214501Srpaulo20090309: 368214501Srpaulo IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 369252726Srpaulo to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 370252726Srpaulo 371214501Srpaulo For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 372214501Srpaulo ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 373214501Srpaulo and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 374214501Srpaulo 375214501Srpaulo Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 376214501Srpaulo inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 377214501Srpaulo filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 378214501Srpaulo Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 379214501Srpaulo multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 380214501Srpaulo as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 381214501Srpaulo low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 382214501Srpaulo to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 383214501Srpaulo 384214501Srpaulo For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 385214501Srpaulo multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 386214501Srpaulo will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 387214501Srpaulo datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 388214501Srpaulo be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 389214501Srpaulo to preserve the existing behaviour. 390214501Srpaulo 391214501Srpaulo For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 392214501Srpaulo multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 393214501Srpaulo that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 394214501Srpaulo collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 395214501Srpaulo transport protocol input path to check group membership. 396214501Srpaulo 397214501Srpaulo If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 398214501Srpaulo it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 399214501Srpaulo enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 400214501Srpaulo via IGMP. 401214501Srpaulo 402214501Srpaulo The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 403214501Srpaulo recompiled to reflect this. 404214501Srpaulo Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 405214501Srpaulo 406252726Srpaulo20090309: 407214501Srpaulo libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 408252726Srpaulo updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 409252726Srpaulo update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 410252726Srpaulo rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 411214501Srpaulo in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 412214501Srpaulo libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 413214501Srpaulo 414214501Srpaulo20090302: 415214501Srpaulo A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 416252726Srpaulo memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 417252726Srpaulo Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 418252726Srpaulo of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 419252726Srpaulo wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 420252726Srpaulo raised to allow such segments to be created. 421252726Srpaulo 422252726Srpaulo20090301: 423252726Srpaulo The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 424252726Srpaulo network device driver modules. 425252726Srpaulo 426252726Srpaulo20090227: 427252726Srpaulo The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 428252726Srpaulo buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 429252726Srpaulo 430252726Srpaulo20090223: 431252726Srpaulo The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 432252726Srpaulo module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 433252726Srpaulo ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 434252726Srpaulo with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 435252726Srpaulo Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 436252726Srpaulo apply. 437252726Srpaulo 438252726Srpaulo20090217: 439252726Srpaulo The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 440252726Srpaulo defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 441252726Srpaulo customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 442252726Srpaulo use the new name. 443252726Srpaulo 444252726Srpaulo20090216: 445252726Srpaulo xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 446252726Srpaulo yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 447252726Srpaulo add 448252726Srpaulo Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 449252726Srpaulo to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 450252726Srpaulo kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 451252726Srpaulo 452252726Srpaulo20090215: 453252726Srpaulo The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 454252726Srpaulo stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 455252726Srpaulo problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 456252726Srpaulo stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 457252726Srpaulo that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 458252726Srpaulo eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 459252726Srpaulo 460252726Srpaulo Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 461252726Srpaulo redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 462252726Srpaulo be used for this: 463252726Srpaulo # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 464214501Srpaulo libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 465214501Srpaulo 466214501Srpaulo20090203: 467214501Srpaulo The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 468214501Srpaulo addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 469214501Srpaulo All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 470214501Srpaulo slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 471214501Srpaulo same interface. 472214501Srpaulo 473214501Srpaulo20090201: 474214501Srpaulo INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 475214501Srpaulo netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 476214501Srpaulo 477214501Srpaulo20090119: 478214501Srpaulo NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 479214501Srpaulo GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 480214501Srpaulo will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 481214501Srpaulo actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 482214501Srpaulo level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 483252726Srpaulo "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 484214501Srpaulo 485214501Srpaulo20090115: 486214501Srpaulo TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 487214501Srpaulo New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 488214501Srpaulo 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 489214501Srpaulo tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 490214501Srpaulo 491214501Srpaulo20081225: 492214501Srpaulo ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 493214501Srpaulo Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 494214501Srpaulo New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 495214501Srpaulo in next mpd5.3 release. 496214501Srpaulo 497214501Srpaulo20081219: 498214501Srpaulo With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 499214501Srpaulo the base system (it was a port). 500214501Srpaulo 501214501Srpaulo20081216: 502214501Srpaulo The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 503214501Srpaulo rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 504214501Srpaulo 505214501Srpaulo20081214: 506214501Srpaulo __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 507214501Srpaulo RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 508214501Srpaulo The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 509214501Srpaulo architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 510214501Srpaulo applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 511214501Srpaulo The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 512214501Srpaulo none of the L2 information. 513214501Srpaulo 514214501Srpaulo20081130: 515214501Srpaulo __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 516214501Srpaulo binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 517214501Srpaulo 518252726Srpaulo options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 519252726Srpaulo 520214501Srpaulo to their kernel config files when specifying: 521214501Srpaulo 522252726Srpaulo device ath_hal 523252726Srpaulo 524252726Srpaulo The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 525214501Srpaulo together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 526214501Srpaulo possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 527214501Srpaulo and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 528214501Srpaulo 529214501Srpaulo20081121: 530214501Srpaulo __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 531214501Srpaulo <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 532214501Srpaulo multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 533214501Srpaulo them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 534214501Srpaulo enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 535214501Srpaulo packets. 536214501Srpaulo 537214501Srpaulo20081117: 538214501Srpaulo A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 539214501Srpaulo This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 540214501Srpaulo default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 541214501Srpaulo and is the same as Solaris behavior. 542214501Srpaulo 543252726Srpaulo20081028: 544252726Srpaulo dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 545252726Srpaulo 546252726Srpaulo20081009: 547252726Srpaulo The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 548252726Srpaulo been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 549252726Srpaulo separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 550252726Srpaulo appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 551252726Srpaulo controller add the following to loader.conf: 552252726Srpaulo 553252726Srpaulo uhci_load="YES" 554252726Srpaulo ehci_load="YES" 555252726Srpaulo 556252726Srpaulo20081009: 557252726Srpaulo The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 558252726Srpaulo userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 559252726Srpaulo sync. 560252726Srpaulo 561252726Srpaulo20080820: 562252726Srpaulo The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 563252726Srpaulo implementation, which provides better scalability and an 564214501Srpaulo improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 565214501Srpaulo the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 566214501Srpaulo drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 567214501Srpaulo 568214501Srpaulo PCI/ISA: 569214501Srpaulo cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 570252726Srpaulo 571252726Srpaulo USB: 572214501Srpaulo ubser, ucycom 573214501Srpaulo 574214501Srpaulo Line disciplines: 575214501Srpaulo ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 576214501Srpaulo 577214501Srpaulo Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 578214501Srpaulo cause compilation to fail. 579214501Srpaulo 580214501Srpaulo20080818: 581214501Srpaulo ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 582214501Srpaulo 583214501Srpaulo20080801: 584214501Srpaulo OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 585214501Srpaulo 586214501Srpaulo For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 587214501Srpaulo over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 588214501Srpaulo upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 589214501Srpaulo DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 590214501Srpaulo host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 591214501Srpaulo follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 592214501Srpaulo accepting the RSA key. 593214501Srpaulo 594214501Srpaulo This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 595214501Srpaulo option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 596214501Srpaulo command line. 597214501Srpaulo 598214501Srpaulo Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 599214501Srpaulo authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 600214501Srpaulo specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 601214501Srpaulo behavior. 602214501Srpaulo 603214501Srpaulo20080713: 604214501Srpaulo The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 605214501Srpaulo kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 606214501Srpaulo default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 607214501Srpaulo 608214501Srpaulo To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 609214501Srpaulo uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 610214501Srpaulo onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 611214501Srpaulo instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 612214501Srpaulo use the new device names. 613214501Srpaulo 614214501Srpaulo When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 615214501Srpaulo /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 616214501Srpaulo If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 617214501Srpaulo at the loader prompt: 618214501Srpaulo 619214501Srpaulo set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 620214501Srpaulo set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 621214501Srpaulo set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 622214501Srpaulo set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 623214501Srpaulo boot -s 624214501Srpaulo 625214501Srpaulo20080609: 626214501Srpaulo The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 627214501Srpaulo disks instead. 628214501Srpaulo 629214501Srpaulo20080603: 630214501Srpaulo The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 631214501Srpaulo to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 632214501Srpaulo please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 633214501Srpaulo if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 634252726Srpaulo 635252726Srpaulo20080525: 636252726Srpaulo ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 637252726Srpaulo update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 638252726Srpaulo 639252726Srpaulo20080509: 640252726Srpaulo I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 641252726Srpaulo See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 642252726Srpaulo This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 643252726Srpaulo but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 644 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 645 64620080420: 647 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 648 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 649 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 650 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 651 For example, change: 652 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 653 to 654 wlans_ath0=wlan0 655 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 656 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 657 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 658 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 659 660 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 661 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 662 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 663 66420080408: 665 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 666 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 667 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 668 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 669 other operation levels. 670 67120080312: 672 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 673 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 674 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 675 compatibility with any prior release: 676 677 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 678 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 679 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 680 68120080301: 682 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 683 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 684 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 685 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 686 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 687 nonetheless. 688 68920080229: 690 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 691 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 692 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 693 with older hardware easier to do. 694 69520080220: 696 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 697 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 698 69920080211: 700 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 701 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 702 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 703 firewall rules. 704 70520080208: 706 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 707 mbuf chains. 708 70920080126: 710 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 711 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 712 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 713 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 714 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 715 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 716 third-party software might fail to build after this change 717 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 718 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 719 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 720 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 721 case that a portable fix is impossible. 722 72320080123: 724 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 725 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 726 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 727 72820071128: 729 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 730 functionality is the default now. 731 73220071118: 733 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 734 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 735 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 736 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 737 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 738 739 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 740 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 741 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 742 74320071024: 744 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 745 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 746 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 747 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 748 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 749 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 750 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 751 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 752 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 753 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 754 however. 755 75620071020: 757 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 758 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 759 used kproc_start().. 760 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 761 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 762 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 763 76420071010: 765 RELENG_7 branched. 766 767COMMON ITEMS: 768 769 General Notes 770 ------------- 771 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 772 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 773 -j, please try again wtihout -j. From time to time in the past there 774 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 775 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 776 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 777 several months have passed on the -current branch). 778 779 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 780 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 781 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 782 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 783 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 784 785 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 786 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 787 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 788 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 789 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 790 791 To build a kernel 792 ----------------- 793 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 794 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 795 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 796 797 make kernel-toolchain 798 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 799 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 800 801 To test a kernel once 802 --------------------- 803 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 804 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 805 debugging information) run 806 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 807 nextboot -k testkernel 808 809 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 810 -------------------------------------------------------------- 811 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 812 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 813 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 814 815 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 816 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 817 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 818 make depend 819 make 820 make install 821 822 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 823 824 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 825 ----------------------------------------------------------- 826 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 827 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 828 829 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 830 make buildworld 831 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 832 [1] 833 <reboot in single user> [3] 834 mergemaster -p [5] 835 make installworld 836 make delete-old 837 mergemaster [4] 838 <reboot> 839 840 841 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 842 -------------------------------------------------- 843 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 844 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 845 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 846 # size. 847 848 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 849 <boot into -stable> 850 make buildworld 851 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 852 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 853 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 854 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 855 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 856 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 857 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 858 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 859 <reboot into current> 860 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 861 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 862 <reboot> 863 864 865 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 866 ---------------------------------------------- 867 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 868 make buildworld [9] 869 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 870 [1] 871 <reboot in single user> [3] 872 mergemaster -p [5] 873 make installworld 874 make delete-old 875 mergemaster -i [4] 876 <reboot> 877 878 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 879 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 880 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 881 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 882 the UPDATING entries. 883 884 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 885 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 886 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 887 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 888 much fewer pitfalls. 889 890 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 891 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 892 system on reboot. 893 894 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 895 fsck -p 896 mount -u / 897 mount -a 898 cd src 899 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 900 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 901 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 902 903 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 904 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 905 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 906 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 907 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 908 for potential gotchas. 909 910 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 911 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 912 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 913 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 914 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 915 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 916 917 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 918 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 919 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 920 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 921 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 922 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 923 924 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 925 last time you updated your kernel config file. 926 927 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 928 cvs prune empty directories. 929 930 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 931 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 932 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 933 934 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 935 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 936 warn if it is improperly defined. 937FORMAT: 938 939This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 940breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 941and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 942previous releases if your system is older than this. 943 944Copyright information: 945 946Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 947 948Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 949modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 950document are permitted without further permission from the author. 951 952THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 953IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 954WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 955DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 956INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 957(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 958SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 959HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 960STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 961IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 962POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 963 964Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 965this document. 966 967$FreeBSD: head/UPDATING 196789 2009-09-03 17:04:42Z imp $ 968